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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Jan. 03, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] | 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Description of Business and Basis of Presentation RCM Technologies, Inc. (the “Company” or “RCM”) is a premier provider of business and technology solutions designed to enhance and maximize the operational performance of its customers through the adaptation and deployment of advanced engineering and information technology services. Additionally, the Company provides specialty health care staffing services through its Specialty Health Care Services group. RCM’s offices are primarily located in major metropolitan centers throughout North America. The consolidated financial statements are comprised of the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers its holdings of highly liquid money-market instruments and certificates of deposits to be cash equivalents if the securities mature within 90 days from the date of acquisition. These investments are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company’s cash balances are maintained in accounts held by major banks and financial institutions. The majority of these balances exceed federally insured amounts. At both January 3, 2015 and December 28, 2013, $3.3 million of cash and cash equivalents were held in Canadian banks. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company’s carrying value of financial instruments, consisting primarily of accounts receivable, transit accounts receivable, accounts payable, transit accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximates fair value due to their liquidity or their short-term nature. The Company does not have derivative products in place to manage risks related to foreign currency fluctuations for its foreign operations or for interest rate changes. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company’s accounts receivable are primarily due from trade customers. Credit is extended based on evaluation of customers’ financial condition and, generally, collateral is not required. Accounts receivable payment terms vary and are stated in the financial statements at amounts due from customers net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts outstanding longer than the payment terms are considered past due. The Company determines its allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they become uncollectible, and payments subsequently received on such receivables previously written off are credited to bad debt expense. Accrued and Unbilled Accounts Receivable and Work-in-Process Unbilled receivables primarily represent revenues earned whereby those services are ready to be billed as of the balance sheet ending date. Work-in-process primarily represents revenues earned under contracts which the Company is contractually precluded from invoicing until future dates as project milestones are realized. See Note 4 for further details. Transit Receivables and Transit Payables From time to time, the Company’s Engineering segment enters into agreements to provide, among other things, construction management and engineering services. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company: a) engages subcontractors to provide construction services; b) typically earns a fixed percentage of the total project value as a management fee and c) assumes no ownership or risks of inventory. In such situations, the Company acts as an agent under the provisions of “Overall Considerations of Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent” and therefore recognizes revenue on a “net basis.” Under the terms of the agreements, the Company is not typically required to pay the subcontractor until after the corresponding payment from the Company’s end client is received. Upon invoicing the end client on behalf of the subcontractor the Company records this amount simultaneously as both a “transit account receivable” and “transit account payable” as the amount (when paid to the Company) is due to and generally paid to the subcontractor within a few days. At any given point in time, the Company’s transit accounts receivable usually equal the transit accounts payable. However, the transit accounts payable will occasionally exceed the transit accounts receivable due to timing differences. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation and amortization and are depreciated on the straight-line method at rates calculated to provide for retirement of assets at the end of their estimated useful lives. The Company’s ERP software system, installed in 1999 and upgraded in 2004, is being depreciated over fifteen years. The Company’s VOIP telephone system, the installation of which was substantially complete at the end of 2008, is being depreciated over seven years. All other hardware and software as well as furniture and office equipment is depreciated over five years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated life of the asset or the lease term. Intangible Assets The Company’s intangible assets have been generated through acquisitions. The Company maintains responsibility for valuing and determining the useful life of intangible assets and typically engages a third party valuation firm to assist them. As a general rule, the Company amortizes restricted covenants over four years and customer relationships over six years. However, circumstances may dictate other amortization terms as determined by the Company and their third party advisors. Goodwill Goodwill represents the premium paid over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired in business combinations. The Company is required to assess the carrying value of its reporting units that contain goodwill at least on an annual basis in order to determine if any impairment in value has occurred. The Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a two-step impairment test. An assessment of those qualitative factors or the application of the goodwill impairment test requires significant judgment including but not limited to the assessment of the business, its management and general market conditions, estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of the long-term rate of growth for the businesses, the useful life over which cash flows will occur and determination of weighted average cost of capital. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and/or conclusions on goodwill impairment for each reporting unit. The Company formally assesses these qualitative factors and, if necessary, conducts its annual goodwill impairment test as of the last day of the Company’s fiscal November each year, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. The Company periodically analyzes whether any such indicators of impairment exist. A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include a sustained, significant decline in share price and market capitalization, a decline in expected future cash flows, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, unanticipated competition, a material change in management or its key personnel and/or slower expected growth rates, among others. Due to the thin trading of the Company stock in the public marketplace and the impact of the control premium held by a relatively few shareholders, the Company does not consider the market capitalization of the Company the most appropriate measure of fair value of goodwill for our reporting units. The Company looks to earnings/revenue multiples of similar companies recently completing acquisitions and the ability of our reporting units to generate cash flows as better measures of the fair value of our reporting units. The Company determined there was no impairment during the fiscal years ended January 3, 2015 and December 28, 2013. In both years, the Company determined that it was only necessary to assess qualitative factors and therefore did not perform a two-step impairment test. Long-Lived Assets The Company accounts for long-lived assets in accordance with “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” Management periodically reviews the carrying amounts of long-lived assets to determine whether current events or circumstances warrant adjustment to such carrying amounts. Any impairment is measured by the amount that the carrying value of such assets exceeds their fair value, primarily based on estimated discounted cash flows. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value of assets. Assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of their financial statement carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell. Software In accordance with “Accounting for Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use,” certain costs related to the development or purchase of internal-use software are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the software. During the fiscal years ended January 3, 2015 and December 28, 2013, the Company capitalized approximately $359 and $443, respectively, for software costs. The net balance after accumulated depreciation for all software costs capitalized as of January 3, 2015 and December 28, 2013 was $643 and $505, respectively. Income Taxes The Company makes judgments and interpretations based on enacted tax laws, published tax guidance, as well as estimates of future earnings. These judgments and interpretations affect the provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities and the valuation allowance. We evaluated the deferred tax assets and determined on the basis of objective factors that the net assets will be realized through future years’ taxable income. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates and assessments, additional valuation allowances may be required. The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with “Accounting for Income Taxes” which requires an asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. “Accounting for Income Taxes” requires assessment of the likelihood of realizing benefits associated with deferred tax assets for purposes of determining whether a valuation allowance is needed for such deferred tax assets. The Company and its wholly owned U.S. subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. The Company also files tax returns in Canada and Ireland. The Company also follows the provisions of “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” which prescribes a model for the recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, and provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, disclosure and transition. The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalty, if any, as interest expense. Revenue Recognition The Company derives its revenues from several sources. The Company’s Engineering Services and Information Technology Services segments perform consulting and project solutions services. All of the Company’s segments perform staff augmentation services and derive revenue from permanent placement fees. The majority of the Company’s revenues are invoiced on a time and materials basis. Project Services The Company recognizes revenues in accordance with current revenue recognition standards under ASC 605 which clarifies application of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles to revenue transactions. Project services are generally provided on a cost-plus, fixed-fee or time-and-material basis. Typically, a customer will outsource a discrete project or activity and the Company assumes responsibility for the performance of such project or activity. The Company recognizes revenues and associated costs on a gross basis as services are provided to the customer and costs are incurred using its employees. The Company, from time to time, enters into contracts requiring the completion of specific deliverables. The Company may recognize revenues on these deliverables at the time the client accepts and approves the deliverables. In instances where project services are provided on a fixed-price basis and the contract will extend beyond a 12-month period, revenue is recorded in accordance with the terms of each contract. In some instances, revenue is billed at the time certain milestones are reached, as defined in the contract. Revenues under these arrangements are recognized as the costs on these contracts are incurred. Amounts invoiced in excess of revenues recognized are recorded as deferred revenue, included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the accompanying balance sheets. In other instances, revenue is billed and recorded based upon contractual rates per hour (i.e., percentage of completion). In addition, some contracts contain “Performance Fees” (bonuses) for completing a contract under budget. Performance Fees, if any, are recorded when earned. Some contracts also limit revenues and billings to specified maximum amounts. Provision for contract losses, if any, are made in the period such losses are determined. For contracts where there is a deliverable, the work is not complete on a specific deliverable and the revenue is not recognized, the costs are deferred. The associated costs are expensed when the related revenue is recognized. See description of revenue recognition policy for construction management and engineering services below in “transit receivables and transit payables.” Consulting and Staffing Services Revenues derived from consulting and staffing services are recorded on a gross basis as services are performed and associated costs have been incurred using employees of the Company. These services are typically billed on a time and material basis. In certain cases, the Company may utilize other companies and their employees to fulfill customer requirements. In these cases, the Company receives an administrative fee for arranging for, billing for, and collecting the billings related to these companies. The customer is typically responsible for assessing the work of these companies who have responsibility for acceptability of their personnel to the customer. Under these circumstances, the Company’s reported revenues are net of associated costs (effectively recognizing the net administrative fee only). Transit Receivables and Transit Payables From time to time, the Company’s Engineering segment enters into agreements to provide, among other things, construction management and engineering services. In certain circumstances, the Company may acquire equipment as a purchasing agent for the client for a fee. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may: a) engage subcontractors to provide construction or other services or contracts with manufacturers on behalf of the Company’s clients to procure equipment or fixtures; b) typically earns a fixed percentage of the total project value or a negotiated mark-up on subcontractor or procurement charges as a fee and c) assumes no ownership or risks of inventory. In such situations, the Company acts as an agent under the provisions of “Overall Considerations of Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent” and therefore recognizing revenue on a “net-basis.” The Company records revenue on a “net” basis on relevant engineering and construction management projects, which require subcontractor/procurement costs or transit costs. In those situations, the Company charges the client a negotiated fee, which is reported as net revenue when earned. During the fifty-three week period ended January 3, 2015, total gross billings, including both transit cost billings and the Company’s earned fees, was $72.6 million, for which the Company recognized $41.0 million of its net fee as revenue. During the fifty-two week period ended December 28, 2013, total gross billings, including both transit cost billings and the Company’s earned fees, was $67.3 million, for which the Company recognized $30.7 million of its net fee as revenue. The net fee revenue from these agreements represented 21.2% of the Company’s total revenues for the fifty-three week period ended January 3, 2015 as compared to 18.0% for the comparable prior year period. Under the terms of the agreements, the Company is typically not required to pay the subcontractor under its Engineering contracts or staffing agencies under the Information Technology contract until after the corresponding payment from the Company’s client is received. Upon invoicing the end client on behalf of the subcontractor or staffing agency the Company records this amount simultaneously as both a “transit account receivable” and “transit account payable” as the amount when paid to the Company is due to and generally paid to the subcontractor within a few days. The Company typically does not pay a given transit account payable until the related transit account receivable is collected. The Company’s transit accounts payable usually exceeds the Company’s transit accounts receivable but absolute amounts and spreads fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter in the normal course of business. The transit accounts receivable was $3.8 million and related transit accounts payable was $6.7 million, a net payable of $2.9 million, as of January 3, 2015. The transit accounts receivable was $4.0 million and related transit accounts payable was $3.9 million, a net receivable of $0.1 million, as of December 28, 2013. Permanent Placement Services The Company earns permanent placement fees from providing permanent placement services. Fees for placements are recognized at the time the candidate commences employment. The Company guarantees its permanent placements on a prorated basis for 90 days. In the event a candidate is not retained for the 90-day period, the Company will provide a suitable replacement candidate. In the event a replacement candidate cannot be located, the Company will provide a prorated refund to the client. An allowance for refunds, based upon the Company’s historical experience, is recorded in the financial statements. Revenues are recorded on a gross basis. Such revenues were not significant for the years ended January 3, 2015 and December 28, 2013. Concentration During the fiscal year ended January 3, 2015, Ontario Power Group (the Company primarily serviced Ontario Power Generation as a subcontractor through Black and McDonald Limited) and United Technologies Corporation accounted for 21.4% and 12.9% of the Company’s revenues, respectively, and as of January 3, 2015 represented 29.4% and 3.3% of the Company’s accounts receivable, net. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues. As of January 3, 2015, New York Power Authority total accounts receivable balance (including transit accounts receivable of $1.4 million) was $8.9 million or 14.1% of the total of accounts receivable, net and transit accounts receivable. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable, net. The Company’s five, ten and twenty largest customers accounted for approximately 48.1%, 61.4% and 69.8%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues for fiscal year ended January 3, 2015. During the fiscal year ended December 28, 2013, Ontario Power Group (the Company primarily serviced Ontario Power Generation as a subcontractor through Black and McDonald Limited) and United Technologies Corporation accounted for 18.6% and 12.6% of the Company’s revenues, respectively, and as of December 28, 2013 represented 21.8% and 5.3% of the Company’s accounts receivable, net. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues. As of December 28, 2013, New York Power Authority total accounts receivable balance (including transit accounts receivable of $2.2 million) was $10.2 million or 16.6% of the total of accounts receivable, net and transit accounts receivable. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable, net. The Company’s five, ten and twenty largest customers accounted for approximately 45.2%, 56.5% and 65.6%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues for fiscal year ended December 28, 2013. Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of the Company’s Canadian subsidiary is the local currency. Assets and liabilities are translated at period-end exchange rates. Income and expense items are translated at weighted average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Any translation adjustments are included in the accumulated other comprehensive income account in stockholders’ equity. Transactions executed in different currencies resulting in exchange adjustments are translated at spot rates and resulting foreign exchange transaction gains and losses are included in the results of operations. Comprehensive Income Comprehensive income consists of net income and foreign currency translation adjustments. Per Share Data Basic net income per share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares plus dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential dilutive common shares consist of stock options and other stock-based awards under the Company’s stock compensation plans, when their impact is dilutive. Because of the Company’s capital structure, all reported earnings pertain to common shareholders and no other adjustments are necessary. Share - Based Compensation The Company recognizes share-based compensation over the vesting period of an award based on fair value at the grant date determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Certain assumptions are used to determine the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant and require subjective judgment. Because employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, the existing models may not provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of the employee stock options. Management assesses the assumptions and methodologies used to calculate estimated fair value of stock-based compensation when share-based awards are granted. Circumstances may change and additional data may become available over time, which could result in changes to these assumptions and methodologies and thereby materially impact our fair value determination. See Note 11 for additional share-based compensation information. Restricted stock units are recognized at their fair value. The amount of compensation cost is measured on the grant date fair value of the equity instrument issued. The compensation cost of the restricted stock units is recognized over the vesting period of the restricted stock units on a straight-line basis. Restricted stock units typically include dividend accrual equivalents, which means that any dividends paid by the Company during the vesting period become due and payable after the vesting period assuming the grantee’s restricted stock unit fully vests. Dividends for these grants are accrued on the dividend payment dates and included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Dividends for restricted share units that ultimately do not vest are forfeited. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Total advertising expense was $680 and $490 for the fiscal years ended January 3, 2015 and December 28, 2013, respectively.

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