In December 2022, the Board of Directors approved a strategic reprioritization of the Company’s preclinical and clinical development programs (referred to as the “2022 Plan”). In January 2023, the Board approved an additional restructuring plan (referred to as the “2023 Plan”) and the Company announced the consolidation of the ITIL-306 Phase 1 clinical trial and related manufacturing of CoStAR-TIL to its operations in Manchester, UK and stopped recruiting for the ITIL-306 clinical trial.

In January 2024, the Board of Directors approved an additional restructuring plan (the “2024 Plan”), involving the closure of the Company’s UK manufacturing facility, clinical trial operations and cessation of the Company’s ITIL-306 clinical trial. The UK workforce reduction and related restructuring activities in connection with the 2024 Plan are expected to be substantially completed by the end of 2024. The 2022 Plan, 2023 Plan and 2024 Plan are collectively referred to as the “Plan”.

As a result of the Plan, the Company recorded charges of $0.5 million and $4.8 million within the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss in the line item “restructuring and impairment charges” for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $1.0 million and $25.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

The Company estimates that it will incur additional charges of up to $0.5 million by the end of 2024, including employee termination costs, severance and other benefits, and contract termination costs. The charges that the Company expects to incur in connection with the 2024 Plan are subject to a number of assumptions, and actual results may differ materially.

These charges relate to asset impairments, contract terminations, severance payments and other employee-related costs incurred. The following table summarizes the restructuring and impairment charges by category (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Asset impairment for leasehold improvements	$	—	$	—	$	292	$	2,644
One-time employee termination benefits	247		13		978		1,775
Contract terminations	15		—		546		1,888
Right-of-use asset impairment	—		(210)		187		7,596
Impairment of long-lived assets held for sale	246		1,207		2,780		11,661
Total restructuring and impairment charges	$	508	$	1,010	$	4,783	$	25,564

As a result of the Plan, the restructuring liability was recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheets under “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and was measured at the amount expected to be paid, or that was paid. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company paid $0.7 million and $1.4 million of restructuring costs, respectively, and expects to pay the remainder of the restructuring costs by the end of 2024. The following table shows the liability related to the Plan (in thousands):


	Employee Benefits		Contract Terminations		Total
Restructuring liability as of December 31, 2023	$	—	$	3,136	$	3,136
Additions, net	978		546		1,524
Payments	(978)		(471)		(1,449)
Total restructuring liability as of June 30, 2024	$	—	$	3,211	$	3,211