10-Q 1 nksh20160201_10q.htm FORM 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

[x] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________ to ________

Commission File Number 0-15204

NATIONAL BANKSHARES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Virginia (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | 54-1375874 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

101 Hubbard Street P. O. Box 90002 Blacksburg, VA | 24062-9002
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(540) 951-6300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [x] Yes [ ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). [x] Yes [ ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b–2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [x] Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company [ ]

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b–2 of the Exchange Act).

[ ] Yes [x] No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class Common Stock, $1.25 Par Value | Outstanding at May 2, 2016 6,957,974

(This report contains 53 pages)

NATIONAL BANKSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Form 10-Q

Index

Part I – Financial Information | Page
Item 1 | Financial Statements | 3
| Consolidated Balance Sheets, March 31, 2016 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2015 | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited) | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited) | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited) | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited) | 7
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 8 – 30
Item 2 | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 31 – 45
Item 3 | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 45
Item 4 | Controls and Procedures | 45
Part II – Other Information |
Item 1 | Legal Proceedings | 46
Item 1A | Risk Factors | 46
Item 2 | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 46
Item 3 | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 46
Item 4 | Mine Safety Disclosures | 46
Item 5 | Other Information | 46
Item 6 | Exhibits | 46
Signatures |  | 46
Index of Exhibits |  | 47– 48
Certifications |  | 49 – 52

2

Part I

| Ite m 1. Financial Statements | Financial Information

National Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

|  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
$ in thousands, except per share data |  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 9,913 |  |  | $ | 12,152 |
Interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 129,363 |  |  |  | 130,811 |
Securities available for sale, at fair value |  |  | 270,094 |  |  |  | 236,131 |
Securities held to maturity (fair value of $151,253 at March 31, 2016 and $158,032 at December 31, 2015) |  |  | 144,664 |  |  |  | 152,028 |
Restricted stock, at cost |  |  | 1,170 |  |  |  | 1,129 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | 634 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees |  |  | 607,643 |  |  |  | 619,008 |
Less allowance for loan losses |  |  | (8,107 | ) |  |  | (8,297 | )
Loans, net |  |  | 599,536 |  |  |  | 610,711 |
Premises and equipment, net |  |  | 8,841 |  |  |  | 9,020 |
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | 5,587 |  |  |  | 5,769 |
Other real estate owned, net |  |  | 3,612 |  |  |  | 4,165 |
Intangible assets and goodwill |  |  | 6,114 |  |  |  | 6,224 |
Bank-owned life insurance |  |  | 22,548 |  |  |  | 22,401 |
Other assets |  |  | 6,366 |  |  |  | 8,564 |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,207,871 |  |  | $ | 1,199,739 |
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits |  | $ | 170,207 |  |  | $ | 166,453 |
Interest-bearing demand deposits |  |  | 570,065 |  |  |  | 569,787 |
Savings deposits |  |  | 92,944 |  |  |  | 90,236 |
Time deposits |  |  | 185,296 |  |  |  | 192,383 |
Total deposits |  |  | 1,018,512 |  |  |  | 1,018,859 |
Accrued interest payable |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 56 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 10,061 |  |  |  | 8,710 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 1,028,635 |  |  |  | 1,027,625 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock, no par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Common stock of $1.25 par value. Authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 6,957,974 shares at March 31, 2016 and at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 8,697 |  |  |  | 8,697 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 175,132 |  |  |  | 171,353 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net |  |  | (4,593 | ) |  |  | (7,936 | )
Total stockholders' equity |  |  | 179,236 |  |  |  | 172,114 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 1,207,871 |  |  | $ | 1,199,739 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

National Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

(Unaudited)

|  | March 31, |  |  | March 31, |
$ in thousands, except per share data |  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Interest Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and fees on loans |  | $ | 7,334 |  |  | $ | 7,610 |
Interest on interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 162 |  |  |  | 64 |
Interest on securities – taxable |  |  | 1,677 |  |  |  | 1,734 |
Interest on securities – nontaxable |  |  | 1,311 |  |  |  | 1,386 |
Total interest income |  |  | 10,484 |  |  |  | 10,794 |
Interest Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest on time deposits |  |  | 274 |  |  |  | 327 |
Interest on other deposits |  |  | 794 |  |  |  | 760 |
Total interest expense |  |  | 1,068 |  |  |  | 1,087 |
Net interest income |  |  | 9,416 |  |  |  | 9,707 |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | 203 |  |  |  | 201 |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses |  |  | 9,213 |  |  |  | 9,506 |
Noninterest Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service charges on deposit accounts |  |  | 560 |  |  |  | 535 |
Other service charges and fees |  |  | 72 |  |  |  | 71 |
Credit card fees |  |  | 870 |  |  |  | 895 |
Trust income |  |  | 323 |  |  |  | 289 |
BOLI income |  |  | 147 |  |  |  | 149 |
Other income |  |  | 345 |  |  |  | 314 |
Realized securities gains (losses), net |  |  | 24 |  |  |  | (2 | )
Total noninterest income |  |  | 2,341 |  |  |  | 2,251 |
Noninterest Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits |  |  | 3,568 |  |  |  | 3,051 |
Occupancy and furniture and fixtures |  |  | 477 |  |  |  | 449 |
Data processing and ATM |  |  | 411 |  |  |  | 435 |
FDIC assessment |  |  | 141 |  |  |  | 135 |
Credit card processing |  |  | 622 |  |  |  | 610 |
Intangible assets amortization |  |  | 110 |  |  |  | 269 |
Net costs of other real estate owned |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | 464 |
Franchise taxes |  |  | 331 |  |  |  | 308 |
Other operating expenses |  |  | 955 |  |  |  | 959 |
Total noninterest expense |  |  | 6,684 |  |  |  | 6,680 |
Income before income taxes |  |  | 4,870 |  |  |  | 5,077 |
Income tax expense |  |  | 1,091 |  |  |  | 1,111 |
Net Income |  | $ | 3,779 |  |  | $ | 3,966 |
Basic net income per common share |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.57 |
Fully diluted net income per common share |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.57 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic |  |  | 6,957,974 |  |  |  | 6,950,474 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted |  |  | 6,957,974 |  |  |  | 6,955,023 |
Dividends declared per common share |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

National Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

(Unaudited)

|  | March 31, |  |  | March 31, |
$ in thousands |  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Net Income |  | $ | 3,779 |  |  | $ | 3,966 |
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on available for sale securities net of tax of $1,809 and $1,320 for the periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively |  |  | 3,359 |  |  |  | 2,452 |
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income, net of tax of ($8) and $1 for the periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively |  |  | (16 | ) |  |  | 1 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of $1,801 and $1,321 for the periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively |  |  | 3,343 |  |  |  | 2,453 |
Total C omprehensive I ncome |  | $ | 7,122 |  |  | $ | 6,419 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5

National Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

(Unaudited)

$ in thousands |  | Common Stock |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  |  | Total |
Balances at December 31, 2014 |  | $ | 8,688 |  |  | $ | 163,287 |  |  | $ | (5,672 | ) |  | $ | 166,303 |
Net income |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,966 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,966 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of $1,321 |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 2,453 |  |  |  | 2,453 |
Balances at March 31, 2015 |  | $ | 8,688 |  |  | $ | 167,253 |  |  | $ | (3,219 | ) |  | $ | 172,722 |
Balances at December 31, 2015 |  | $ | 8,697 |  |  | $ | 171,353 |  |  | $ | (7,936 | ) |  | $ | 172,114 |
Net income |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,779 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,779 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of $1,801 |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,343 |  |  |  | 3,343 |
Balances at March 31, 2016 |  | $ | 8,697 |  |  | $ | 175,132 |  |  | $ | (4,593 | ) |  | $ | 179,236 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

6

National Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

(Unaudited)

|  | March 31, |  |  | March 31 |
$ in thousands |  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 3,779 |  |  | $ | 3,966 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | 203 |  |  |  | 201 |
Depreciation of bank premises and equipment |  |  | 193 |  |  |  | 191 |
Amortization of intangibles |  |  | 110 |  |  |  | 269 |
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, net |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | 29 |
(Gains) losses on sales and calls of securities available for sale, net |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | 2 |
Gains on calls of securities held to maturity, net |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | --- |
Losses and write-downs on other real estate owned, net |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 386 |
Increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance |  |  | (147 | ) |  |  | (149 | )
Originations of mortgage loans held for sale |  |  | (2,567 | ) |  |  | (3,002 | )
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale |  |  | 3,185 |  |  |  | 2,241 |
Gains on sale of mortgage loans held for sale |  |  | (47 | ) |  |  | (39 | )
Net change in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | 182 |  |  |  | 242 |
Other assets |  |  | 397 |  |  |  | 471 |
Accrued interest payable |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 2 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 1,351 |  |  |  | 1,164 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 6,678 |  |  |  | 5,974 |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 1,448 |  |  |  | 14,872 |
Proceeds from calls, principal payments, sales and maturities of securities available for sale |  |  | 24,552 |  |  |  | 11,126 |
Proceeds from calls, principal payments and maturities of securities held to maturity |  |  | 7,351 |  |  |  | 5,265 |
Purchases of securities available for sale |  |  | (53,360 | ) |  |  | (22,983 | )
Net change in restricted stock |  |  | (41 | ) |  |  | (40 | )
Purchases of loan participations |  |  | (440 | ) |  |  | (994 | )
Collections of loan participations |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 1,933 |
Loan originations and principal collections, net |  |  | 11,337 |  |  |  | (18,267 | )
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned |  |  | 522 |  |  |  | 148 |
Recoveries on loans charged off |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | 53 |
Proceeds from sale and purchases of premises and equipment, net |  |  | (14 | ) |  |  | (58 | )
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (8,570 | ) |  |  | (8,945 | )
Cash Flows from Financing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change in time deposits |  |  | (7,087 | ) |  |  | (4,009 | )
Net change in other deposits |  |  | 6,740 |  |  |  | 6,538 |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |  |  | (347 | ) |  |  | 2,529 |
Net change in cash and due from banks |  |  | (2,239 | ) |  |  | (442 | )
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period |  |  | 12,152 |  |  |  | 12,894 |
Cash and due from banks at end of period |  | $ | 9,913 |  |  | $ | 12,452 |
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds |  | $ | 1,062 |  |  | $ | 1,085 |
Income taxes paid |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans charged against the allowance for loan losses |  | $ | 453 |  |  | $ | 260 |
Loans transferred to other real estate owned |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 363 |
Unrealized net gains on securities available for sale |  |  | 5,144 |  |  |  | 3,774 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

7

National Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

March 31, 2016

(Unaudited)

$ in thousands, except per share data

Note 1: General

The consolidated financial statements of National Bankshares, Inc. (“NBI”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, The National Bank of Blacksburg (“NBB”) and National Bankshares Financial Services, Inc. (“NBFS”) (collectively, the “Company”), conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and to general practices within the banking industry. The accompanying interim period consolidated financial statements are unaudited; however, in the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements, have been included. The results of operations for the three month period ended March 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for the full year or any other interim period. The interim period consolidated financial statements and financial information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the notes to consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2015 Form 10-K. The Company posts all reports required to be filed under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 on its web site at www.nationalbankshares.com.

Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation

The Company’s 1999 Stock Option Plan was terminated on March 9, 2009. Incentive stock options were granted annually to key employees of NBI and its subsidiaries from 1999 to 2005 and none have been granted since 2005. There are no stock options outstanding as of March 31, 2016. There were no shares exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Note 3: Loan Portfolio

The loan portfolio, excluding loans held for sale, was comprised of the following.

|  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | December 31, 2015 |
Real estate construction |  | $ | 39,193 |  |  | $ | 48,251 |
Consumer real estate |  |  | 144,268 |  |  |  | 143,504 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 310,637 |  |  |  | 309,378 |
Commercial non real estate |  |  | 33,682 |  |  |  | 37,571 |
Public sector and IDA |  |  | 50,777 |  |  |  | 51,335 |
Consumer non real estate |  |  | 29,933 |  |  |  | 29,845 |
Gross loans |  |  | 608,490 |  |  |  | 619,884 |
Less unearned income and deferred fees |  |  | (847 | ) |  |  | (876 | )
Loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees |  | $ | 607,643 |  |  | $ | 619,008 |

Note 4: Allowance for Loan Losses, Nonperforming Assets and Impaired Loans

The allowance for loan losses methodology incorporates individual evaluation of impaired loans and collective evaluation of groups of non-impaired loans. The Company performs ongoing analysis of the loan portfolio to determine credit quality and to identify impaired loans. Credit quality is rated based on the loan’s payment history, the borrower’s current financial situation and the value of the underlying collateral.

Impaired loans are those loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructure (“TDR” or “restructure”) and larger, non-homogeneous loans that are in nonaccrual or exhibit payment history or financial status that indicate the probability that collection will not occur when due according to the loan’s original terms. Generally, impaired loans are given risk ratings that indicate higher risk, such as “classified” or “other assets especially mentioned.” Impaired loans are individually evaluated to determine appropriate reserves and are measured at the lower of the invested amount or the fair value. Impaired loans that are not troubled debt restructures and for which fair value measurement indicates an impairment loss are designated nonaccrual. A restructured loan that maintains current status for at least six months may be in accrual status. Please refer to Note 1 of the Company’s 2015 Form 10-K, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information on evaluation of impaired loans and associated specific reserves, and policies regarding nonaccruals, past due status and charge-offs.

8

Troubled debt restructures impact the estimation of the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses. If the restructuring included forgiveness of a portion of principal, the charge-off is included in the historical charge-off rates applied to the collective evaluation methodology. Further, restructured loans are individually evaluated for impairment and any amount of book value that exceeds fair value is accrued in the allowance for loan losses. TDRs that experience a payment default are examined to determine whether the default indicates collateral dependency or a decline in estimates of cash flow used in the fair value measurement. TDRs that are determined to be collateral-dependent, as well as all impaired loans that are determined to be collateral dependent, are charged down to fair value net of estimated costs to sell. Deficiencies indicated by impairment measurements for TDRs that are not collateral dependent may be accrued in the allowance for loan losses or charged off if deemed uncollectible.

The Company evaluated characteristics in the loan portfolio and determined major segments and smaller classes within each segment. These characteristics include collateral type, repayment sources, and (if applicable) the borrower’s business model. The methodology for calculating reserves for collectively-evaluated loans is applied at the class level.

Portfolio Segments and Classes

The segments and classes used in determining the allowance for loan losses are as follows.

Real Estate Construction | Commercial Non Real Estate
Construction, residential | Commercial and Industrial
Construction, other |
| Public sector and IDA
Consumer Real Estate | Public Sector and IDA
Equity lines |
Residential closed-end first liens | Consumer Non Real Estate
Residential closed-end junior liens | Credit cards
Investor-owned residential real estate | Automobile
| Other consumer loans
Commercial Real Estate |
Multifamily real estate |
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied |
Commercial real estate, other |

Historical Loss Rates

The Company’s allowance methodology for collectively-evaluated loans applies historical loss rates by class to current class balances as part of the process of determining required reserves. Class loss rates are calculated as the net charge-offs for the class as a percentage of average class balance. The Company averages loss rates for the most recent 8 quarters to determine the historical loss rate for each class.

Two loss rates for each class are calculated: total net charge-offs for the class as a percentage of average class loan balance (“class loss rate”), and total net charge-offs for the class as a percentage of average classified loans in the class (“classified loss rate”). Classified loans are those with risk ratings of “substandard”, “doubtful” or “loss”. Net charge-offs in both calculations include charge-offs and recoveries of classified and non-classified loans as well as those associated with impaired loans. Class historical loss rates are applied to non-classified loan balances at the reporting date, and classified historical loss rates are applied to classified loan balances and not individually evaluated at the reporting date.

Risk Factors

In addition to historical loss rates, risk factors pertinent to credit risk for each class are analyzed to estimate reserves for collectively-evaluated loans. Factors include changes in national and local economic and business conditions, the nature and volume of classes within the portfolio, loan quality, loan officers’ experience, lending policies and the Company’s loan review system.

The analysis of certain factors results in standard allocations to all segments and classes. These factors include loan officers’ average years of experience, the risk from changes in loan review, unemployment levels, bankruptcy rates, the interest rate environment, and the competitive, legal and regulatory environments.

Factors analyzed for each class, with resultant allocations based upon the level of risk assessed for each class, include the risk from changes in lending policies, levels of past due loans, nonaccrual loans, current class balance as a percentage of total loans, and the percentage of high risk loans within the class. Additionally, factors specific to each segment are analyzed and result in allocations to the segment. Please refer to the Company’s 2015 10-K, Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for a discussion of risk factors pertinent to each class.

9

Real estate construction loans are subject to general risks from changing commercial building and housing market trends and economic conditions that may impact demand for completed properties and the costs of completion. These risks are measured by market-area unemployment rates, bankruptcy rates, housing market trends, and interest rates.

The credit quality of consumer real estate is subject to risks associated with the borrower’s repayment ability and collateral value, measured generally by analyzing local unemployment and bankruptcy trends, local housing market trends, and interest rates.

The commercial real estate segment includes loans secured by multifamily residential real estate, commercial real estate occupied by the owner/borrower, and commercial real estate leased to non-owners. Loans in the commercial real estate segment are impacted by economic risks from changing commercial real estate markets, rental markets for multi-family housing and commercial buildings, business bankruptcy rates, local unemployment and interest rate trends that would impact the businesses housed by the commercial real estate.

Commercial non real estate loans are secured by collateral other than real estate, or are unsecured. Credit risk for commercial non real estate loans is subject to economic conditions, generally monitored by local business bankruptcy trends, and interest rates.

Public sector and IDA loans are extended to municipalities and related entities. Credit risk is based upon the entity’s ability to repay and interest rate trends.

Consumer non real estate includes credit cards, automobile and other consumer loans. Credit cards and certain other consumer loans are unsecured, while collateral is obtained for automobile loans and other consumer loans. Credit risk stems primarily from the borrower’s ability to repay, measured by average unemployment, average personal bankruptcy rates and interest rates.

Factor allocations applied to each class are increased for loans rated special mention and increased to a greater extent for loans rated classified. The Company allocates additional reserves for “high risk” loans. High risk loans include junior liens, interest only and high loan to value loans.

A detailed analysis showing the allowance roll-forward by portfolio segment and related loan balance by segment follows.

|  | A ctivity in the Allowance for Loan Losses for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 |
|  | Real Estate Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  | Public Sector and IDA |  |  | Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
Balance, December 31, 2015 |  | $ | 576 |  |  | $ | 1,866 |  |  | $ | 4,109 |  |  | $ | 655 |  |  | $ | 436 |  |  | $ | 627 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 8,297 |
Charge-offs |  |  | (29 | ) |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | (124 | ) |  |  | (211 | ) |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (67 | ) |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (453 | )
Recoveries |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 21 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 60 |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | (93 | ) |  |  | (115 | ) |  |  | (74 | ) |  |  | 308 |  |  |  | (25 | ) |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 199 |  |  |  | 203 |
Balance, March 31, 2016 |  | $ | 454 |  |  | $ | 1,730 |  |  | $ | 3,949 |  |  | $ | 752 |  |  | $ | 411 |  |  | $ | 584 |  |  | $ | 227 |  |  | $ | 8,107 |

|  | A ctivity in the Allowance for Loan Losses for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 |
|  | Real Estate Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  | Public Sector and IDA |  |  | Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
Balance, December 31, 2014 |  | $ | 612 |  |  | $ | 1,662 |  |  | $ | 3,537 |  |  | $ | 1,475 |  |  | $ | 327 |  |  | $ | 602 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 8,263 |
Charge-offs |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (72 | ) |  |  | (100 | ) |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (88 | ) |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (260 | )
Recoveries |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 53 |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | (145 | ) |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 262 |  |  |  | (59 | ) |  |  | 106 |  |  |  | 21 |  |  |  | (14 | ) |  |  | 201 |
Balance, March 31, 2015 |  | $ | 467 |  |  | $ | 1,620 |  |  | $ | 3,711 |  |  | $ | 1,416 |  |  | $ | 433 |  |  | $ | 576 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 8,257 |

|  | Activity in th e Allowance for Loan Losses for the year ended December 31, 201 5 |
|  | Real Estate Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  | Public Sector and IDA |  |  | Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
Balance, December 31, 2014 |  | $ | 612 |  |  | $ | 1,662 |  |  | $ | 3,537 |  |  | $ | 1,475 |  |  | $ | 327 |  |  | $ | 602 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 8,263 |
Charge-offs |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (205 | ) |  |  | (1,114 | ) |  |  | (490 | ) |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (311 | ) |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (2,120 | )
Recoveries |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 145 |
Provision for loan losses |  |  | (36 | ) |  |  | 407 |  |  |  | 1,637 |  |  |  | (331 | ) |  |  | 109 |  |  |  | 243 |  |  |  | (20 | ) |  |  | 2,009 |
Balance, December 31, 2015 |  | $ | 576 |  |  | $ | 1,866 |  |  | $ | 4,109 |  |  | $ | 655 |  |  | $ | 436 |  |  | $ | 627 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 8,297 |

10

|  | Allowance for Loan Losses as of March 31, 2016 |
|  | Real Estate Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  | Public Sector and IDA |  |  | Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 80 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  |  | 454 |  |  |  | 1,708 |  |  |  | 3,891 |  |  |  | 752 |  |  |  | 411 |  |  |  | 584 |  |  |  | 227 |  |  |  | 8,027 |
Total |  | $ | 454 |  |  | $ | 1,730 |  |  | $ | 3,949 |  |  | $ | 752 |  |  | $ | 411 |  |  | $ | 584 |  |  | $ | 227 |  |  | $ | 8,107 |

|  | Allowance for Loan Losses as of December 31, 2015 |
|  | Real Estate Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  | Public Sector and IDA |  |  | Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 45 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  |  | 576 |  |  |  | 1,844 |  |  |  | 4,086 |  |  |  | 655 |  |  |  | 436 |  |  |  | 627 |  |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | 8,252 |
Total |  | $ | 576 |  |  | $ | 1,866 |  |  | $ | 4,109 |  |  | $ | 655 |  |  | $ | 436 |  |  | $ | 627 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 8,297 |

|  | Loans as of March 31, 2016 |
|  | Real Estate Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  | Public Sector and IDA |  |  | Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 682 |  |  | $ | 953 |  |  | $ | 11,537 |  |  | $ | 817 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 13,989 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  |  | 38,511 |  |  |  | 143,315 |  |  |  | 299,100 |  |  |  | 32,865 |  |  |  | 50,777 |  |  |  | 29,933 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 594,501 |
Total loans |  | $ | 39,193 |  |  | $ | 144,268 |  |  | $ | 310,637 |  |  | $ | 33,682 |  |  | $ | 50,777 |  |  | $ | 29,933 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 608,490 |

|  | Loans as of December 31, 2015 |
|  | Real Estate Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  | Public Sector and IDA |  |  | Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  | Unallocated |  |  | Total |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 718 |  |  | $ | 962 |  |  | $ | 12,575 |  |  | $ | 1,091 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 15,346 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  |  | 47,533 |  |  |  | 142,542 |  |  |  | 296,803 |  |  |  | 36,480 |  |  |  | 51,335 |  |  |  | 29,845 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 604,538 |
Total |  | $ | 48,251 |  |  | $ | 143,504 |  |  | $ | 309,378 |  |  | $ | 37,571 |  |  | $ | 51,335 |  |  | $ | 29,845 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 619,884 |

11

A summary of ratios for the allowance for loan losses follows.

|  | As of the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | For the Year E nded December 31, |
|  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2015 |
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to the end of period loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees |  |  | 1.33 | % |  |  | 1.33 | % |  |  | 1.34 | %
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees(1) |  |  | 0.26 | % |  |  | 0.14 | % |  |  | 0.32 | %

(1) | Net charge-offs are on an annualized basis.

A summary of nonperforming assets follows.

|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2015 |
Nonperforming assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nonaccrual loans |  | $ | 1,901 |  |  | $ | 3,102 |  |  | $ | 2,043 |
Restructured loans in nonaccrual |  |  | 4,504 |  |  |  | 6,123 |  |  |  | 4,639 |
Total nonperforming loans |  |  | 6,405 |  |  |  | 9,225 |  |  |  | 6,682 |
Other real estate owned, net |  |  | 3,612 |  |  |  | 4,573 |  |  |  | 4,165 |
Total nonperforming assets |  | $ | 10,017 |  |  | $ | 13,798 |  |  | $ | 10,847 |
Ratio of nonperforming assets to loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees, plus other real estate owned |  |  | 1.64 | % |  |  | 2.20 | % |  |  | 1.74 | %
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans(1) |  |  | 126.57 | % |  |  | 89.51 | % |  |  | 124.17 | %

(1) | The Company defines nonperforming loans as nonaccrual loans. Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing and accruing restructured loans are excluded.

A summary of loans past due 90 days or more and impaired loans follows.

|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2015 |
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 272 |  |  | $ | 156 |
Ratio of loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing to loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees |  |  | 0.05 | % |  |  | 0.04 | % |  |  | 0.03 | %
Accruing restructured loans |  | $ | 7,724 |  |  | $ | 5,992 |  |  | $ | 8,814 |
Impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impaired loans with no valuation allowance |  | $ | 12,171 |  |  | $ | 11,265 |  |  | $ | 12,973 |
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance |  |  | 1,818 |  |  |  | 3,729 |  |  |  | 2,373 |
Total impaired loans |  | $ | 13,989 |  |  | $ | 14,994 |  |  | $ | 15,346 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (80 | ) |  |  | (236 | ) |  |  | (45 | )
Impaired loans, net of allowance |  | $ | 13,909 |  |  | $ | 14,758 |  |  | $ | 15,301 |
Average recorded investment in impaired loans(1) |  | $ | 14,796 |  |  | $ | 15,192 |  |  | $ | 17,297 |
Interest income recognized on impaired loans, after designation as impaired |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | 174 |  |  | $ | 769 |
Amount of income recognized on a cash basis |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |

(1) Recorded investment is net of charge-offs and interest paid while a loan is in nonaccrual status.

12

Nonaccrual loans that meet the Company’s balance threshold of $250 and all TDRs are designated as impaired. No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2016 or March 31, 2015 or for the year ended December 31, 2015.

A detailed analysis of investment in impaired loans, associated reserves and interest income recognized, segregated by loan class follows.

|  | Impaired Loans as of March 31, 2016 |
|  | Principal Balance |  |  | Total Recorded Investment(1) |  |  | Recorded Investment(1)for Which There is No Related Allowance |  |  | Recorded Investment(1) for Which There is a Related Allowance |  |  | Related Allowance |
Real Estate Construction(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction 1-4 family residential |  | $ | 689 |  |  | $ | 682 |  |  | $ | 682 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |
Co nsumer Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential closed-end first liens |  |  | 708 |  |  |  | 664 |  |  |  | 303 |  |  |  | 361 |  |  |  | 13 |
Residential closed-end junior liens |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | 5 |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | 4 |
Commercial Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily real estate |  |  | 1,867 |  |  |  | 1,594 |  |  |  | 1,594 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied |  |  | 4,213 |  |  |  | 4,165 |  |  |  | 2,997 |  |  |  | 1,168 |  |  |  | 58 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | 5,966 |  |  |  | 5,778 |  |  |  | 5,778 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial Non Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 824 |  |  |  | 817 |  |  |  | 817 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Total |  | $ | 14,556 |  |  | $ | 13,989 |  |  | $ | 12,171 |  |  | $ | 1,818 |  |  | $ | 80 |

(1) Recorded investment is net of charge-offs and interest paid while a loan is in nonaccrual status.

(2) Only classes with impaired loans are shown.

|  | Impaired Loans as of December 31, 2015 |
|  | Principal Balance |  |  | Total Recorded Investment(1) |  |  | Recorded Investment(1) for Which There is No Related Allowance |  |  | Recorded Investment(1) for Which There is a Related Allowance |  |  | Related Allowance |
Real Estate Construction(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction 1-4 family residential |  | $ | 718 |  |  | $ | 718 |  |  | $ | 718 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |
Co nsumer Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential closed-end first liens |  |  | 713 |  |  |  | 669 |  |  |  | 305 |  |  |  | 364 |  |  |  | 13 |
Residential closed-end junior liens |  |  | 218 |  |  |  | 218 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 218 |  |  |  | 5 |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | 4 |
Commercial Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily real estate |  |  | 1,988 |  |  |  | 1,728 |  |  |  | 1,728 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied |  |  | 5,068 |  |  |  | 5,020 |  |  |  | 3,304 |  |  |  | 1,716 |  |  |  | 23 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | 5,990 |  |  |  | 5,827 |  |  |  | 5,827 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial Non Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 1,099 |  |  |  | 1,091 |  |  |  | 1,091 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Total |  | $ | 15,869 |  |  | $ | 15,346 |  |  | $ | 12,973 |  |  | $ | 2,373 |  |  | $ | 45 |

(1) Recorded investment is net of charge-offs and interest paid while a loan is in nonaccrual status.

(2) Only classes with impaired loans are shown.

13

The following tables show the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for impaired loans.

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 |
|  | Average Recorded Investment(1) |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |
Real Estate Construction(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction 1-4 family residential |  | $ | 682 |  |  | $ | --- |
Co nsumer Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential closed-end first liens |  |  | 667 |  |  |  | 10 |
Residential closed-end junior liens |  |  | 216 |  |  |  | 4 |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | 1 |
Commercial Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily real estate |  |  | 1,595 |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied |  |  | 4,949 |  |  |  | 68 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | 5,793 |  |  |  | 42 |
Commercial Non Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 819 |  |  |  | --- |
Total |  | $ | 14,796 |  |  | $ | 125 |

(1) Recorded investment is net of charge-offs and interest paid while a loan is in nonaccrual status.

(2) Only classes with impaired loans are shown.

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 |
|  | Average Recorded Investment(1) |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |
Co nsumer Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential closed-end first liens |  | $ | 501 |  |  | $ | 7 |
Residential closed-end junior liens |  |  | 236 |  |  |  | 4 |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 76 |  |  |  | 1 |
Commercial Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily real estate |  |  | 2,708 |  |  |  | 25 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied |  |  | 4,974 |  |  |  | 58 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | 6,023 |  |  |  | 80 |
Commercial Non Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 674 |  |  |  | (1 | )
Total |  | $ | 15,192 |  |  | $ | 174 |

(1) Recorded investment is net of charge-offs and interest paid while a loan is in nonaccrual status.

(2) Only classes with impaired loans are shown.

14

|  | For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 |
|  | Average Recorded Investment(1) |  |  | Interest Income Recognized |
Real Estate Construction(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction 1-4 family residential |  | $ | 612 |  |  | $ | 23 |
Consumer Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential closed-end first liens |  |  | 681 |  |  |  | 43 |
Residential closed-end junior liens |  |  | 228 |  |  |  | 15 |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 76 |  |  |  | 5 |
Commercial Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily real estate |  |  | 2,581 |  |  |  | 84 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied |  |  | 6,141 |  |  |  | 251 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | 5,888 |  |  |  | 308 |
Commercial Non Real Estate(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 1,090 |  |  |  | 40 |
Total |  | $ | 17,297 |  |  | $ | 769 |

(1) Recorded investment is net of charge-offs and interest paid while a loan is in nonaccrual status.

(2) Only classes with impaired loans are shown.

The Company reviews nonaccrual loans on an individual loan basis to determine whether future payments are reasonably assured. To satisfy this criteria, the Company’s evaluation must determine that the underlying cause of the original delinquency or weakness that indicated nonaccrual status has been resolved, such as receipt of new guarantees, increased cash flows that cover the debt service or other resolution. Nonaccrual loans that demonstrate reasonable assurance of future payments and that have made at least six consecutive payments in accordance with repayment terms and timeframes may be returned to accrual status.

A restructured loan that maintains current status for at least six months may be returned to accrual status.

15

An analysis of past due and nonaccrual loans follows.

March 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 30 – 89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 or M ore Days Past Due |  |  | 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing |  |  | Nonaccruals (Including Impaired Nonaccruals) |
Real Estate Construction(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction residential |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 683 |
Consumer Real Estate(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity lines |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 48 |  |  |  | 48 |  |  |  | --- |
Residential closed-end first liens |  |  | 1,049 |  |  |  | 239 |  |  |  | 239 |  |  |  | --- |
Residential closed-end junior liens |  |  | 290 |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  |  |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 319 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 11 |
Commercial Real Estate(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily real estate |  |  | 676 |  |  |  | 1,594 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,594 |
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 357 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 485 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 2,820 |
Commercial Non Real Estate(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 812 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 812 |
Consumer Non Real Estate(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Credit cards |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | --- |
Automobile |  |  | 195 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Other consumer loans |  |  | 21 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | --- |
Total |  | $ | 2,582 |  |  | $ | 3,092 |  |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 6,405 |

(1) Only classes with past-due or nonaccrual loans are shown.

16

December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 30 – 89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90 or M ore Days Past Due |  |  | 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing |  |  | Nonaccruals (Including Impaired Nonaccruals) |
Real Estate Construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, residential |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 718 |
Construction, other |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Consumer Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity lines |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Residential closed-end first liens |  |  | 1,402 |  |  |  | 106 |  |  |  | 106 |  |  |  | 14 |
Residential closed-end junior liens |  |  | 123 |  |  |  | 39 |  |  |  | 39 |  |  |  | --- |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 248 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily real estate |  |  | 684 |  |  |  | 1,728 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,728 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 357 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 494 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 2,845 |
Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 142 |  |  |  | 883 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 883 |
Public Sector and IDA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Public sector and IDA |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Credit cards |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | --- |
Automobile |  |  | 286 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | --- |
Other consumer loans |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Total |  | $ | 2,992 |  |  | $ | 3,124 |  |  | $ | 156 |  |  | $ | 6,682 |

The estimate of credit risk for non-impaired loans is obtained by applying allocations for internal and external factors. The allocations are increased for loans that exhibit greater credit quality risk.

Credit quality indicators, which the Company terms risk grades, are assigned through the Company’s credit review function for larger loans and selective review of loans that fall below credit review thresholds. Loans that do not indicate heightened risk are graded as “pass.” Loans that appear to have elevated credit risk because of frequent or persistent past due status, which is less than 75 days, or that show weakness in the borrower’s financial condition are risk graded “special mention.” Loans with frequent or persistent delinquency exceeding 75 days or that have a higher level of weakness in the borrower’s financial condition are graded “classified.” Classified loans have regulatory risk ratings of “substandard” and “doubtful.” Allowance for loan loss allocations are increased by 50% and by 100% for loans with grades of “special mention” and “classified,” respectively.

Determination of risk grades was completed for the portfolio as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

17

The following displays collectively-evaluated loans by credit quality indicator.

March 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Pass |  |  | Special Mention (Excluding Impaired) |  |  | Classified (Excluding Impaired) |
Real Estate Construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, 1-4 family residential |  | $ | 11,709 |  |  | $ | 3,694 |  |  | $ | --- |
Construction, other |  |  | 23,108 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Consumer Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity lines |  |  | 16,468 |  |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | 95 |
Closed-end first liens |  |  | 76,645 |  |  |  | 728 |  |  |  | 1,729 |
Closed-end junior liens |  |  | 5,041 |  |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | 130 |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 41,635 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 758 |
Commercial Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily residential real estate |  |  | 81,296 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,791 |
Commercial real estate owner-occupied |  |  | 119,319 |  |  |  | 1,163 |  |  |  | 1,227 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | 94,247 |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 32,400 |  |  |  | 234 |  |  |  | 231 |
Public Sector and IDA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 50,777 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Credit cards |  |  | 5,808 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Automobile |  |  | 12,509 |  |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | 188 |
Other consumer |  |  | 11,241 |  |  |  | 82 |  |  |  | 30 |
Total |  | $ | 582,203 |  |  | $ | 6,119 |  |  | $ | 6,179 |

18

The following displays collectively-evaluated loans by credit quality indicator.

December 31, 201 5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Pass |  |  | Special Mention (Excluding Impaired) |  |  | Classified (Excluding Impaired) |
Real Estate Construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, 1-4 family residential |  | $ | 10,626 |  |  | $ | 3,694 |  |  | $ | --- |
Construction, other |  |  | 33,213 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Consumer Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity lines |  |  | 16,236 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 87 |
Closed-end first liens |  |  | 78,614 |  |  |  | 708 |  |  |  | 1,370 |
Closed-end junior liens |  |  | 4,983 |  |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | 61 |
Investor-owned residential real estate |  |  | 39,616 |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 766 |
Commercial Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multifamily residential real estate |  |  | 77,060 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,804 |
Commercial real estate owner-occupied |  |  | 121,741 |  |  |  | 1,165 |  |  |  | 1,274 |
Commercial real estate, other |  |  | 93,701 |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial Non Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and Industrial |  |  | 35,652 |  |  |  | 285 |  |  |  | 543 |
Public Sector and IDA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 51,335 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Consumer Non Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Credit cards |  |  | 5,773 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Automobile |  |  | 12,414 |  |  |  | 102 |  |  |  | 138 |
Other consumer |  |  | 11,359 |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 28 |
Total |  | $ | 592,323 |  |  | $ | 6,144 |  |  | $ | 6,071 |

Sales, Purchases and Reclassification of Loans

The Company finances mortgages under “best efforts” contracts with mortgage purchasers. The mortgages are designated as held for sale upon initiation. There have been no reclassifications from portfolio loans to held for sale. There have been no loans held for sale transferred to portfolio loans. Occasionally, the Company purchases or sells participations in loans. All participation loans purchased met the Company’s normal underwriting standards at the time the participation was entered. Participation loans are included in the appropriate portfolio balances to which the allowance methodology is applied.

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Troubled Debt Restructurings

The Company modifies loans in troubled debt restructurings. Total troubled debt restructurings amounted to $12,228 at March 31, 2016, $13,453 at December 31, 2015, and $12,115 at March 31, 2015. The Company did not modify any loans in troubled debt restructures during the three-month period ended March 31, 2016. The following table presents restructurings by class that occurred during the three-month period ended March 31, 2015.

Note: Only classes with restructured loans are presented.

|  | Restructurings That Occurred During the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 |
|  | Number of Contracts |  |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Principal Balance |  |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Principal Balance |
Commercial R eal E state |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 994 |  |  |  | 907 |
Total |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 994 |  |  | $ | 907 |

During the three-month period ended March 31, 2015, the Company restructured one loan to provide payment relief. The restructuring provided payment relief by forgiving principal of $100, capitalizing interest and re-amortizing payments. The fair value measurement of the restructured loan as of March 31, 2015 resulted in no specific allocation to the allowance for loan losses.

The Company analyzed its TDR portfolio for loans that defaulted during the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, and that were modified within 12 months prior to default. The Company defines default as one or more payments that occur more than 90 days past the due date, charge-offs, or foreclosure after the date of restructuring. There were no restructured loans that defaulted that were modified within 12 months prior to default for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.

Note 5: Securities

The amortized costs, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair values for securities available for sale by major security type are as follows.

|  | March 31, 2016 |
|  | Amortized Costs |  |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Fair Values |
Available for S ale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 247,751 |  |  | $ | 1,085 |  |  | $ | 680 |  |  | $ | 248,156 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 13,976 |  |  |  | 477 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 14,453 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 1,122 |  |  |  | 119 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,241 |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 6,015 |  |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | 67 |  |  |  | 6,119 |
Other securities |  |  | 189 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 64 |  |  |  | 125 |
Total securities available for sale |  | $ | 269,053 |  |  | $ | 1,852 |  |  | $ | 811 |  |  | $ | 270,094 |

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|  | December 31, 2015 |
|  | Amortized Costs |  |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Fair Values |
Available for S ale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 216,897 |  |  | $ | 519 |  |  | $ | 4,952 |  |  | $ | 212,464 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 15,934 |  |  |  | 541 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 16,475 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 1,199 |  |  |  | 120 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,319 |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 6,015 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 291 |  |  |  | 5,746 |
Other securities |  |  | 189 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 127 |
Total securities available for sale |  | $ | 240,234 |  |  | $ | 1,202 |  |  | $ | 5,305 |  |  | $ | 236,131 |

The amortized cost and fair value of single maturity securities available for sale at March 31, 2016, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Mortgage-backed securities included in these totals are categorized by final maturity.

|  | March 3 1, 201 6 |
|  | Amortized Cost |  |  | Fair Value |
Available for S ale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Due in one year or less |  | $ | 1,479 |  |  | $ | 1,503 |
Due after one year through five years |  |  | 111,131 |  |  |  | 111,296 |
Due after give years through ten years |  |  | 29,596 |  |  |  | 29,843 |
Due after ten years |  |  | 126,658 |  |  |  | 127,327 |
No maturity |  |  | 189 |  |  |  | 125 |
Total securities available for sale |  | $ | 269,053 |  |  | $ | 270,094 |

The Company holds restricted stock with the Federal Home Loan Bank and the Federal Reserve. Required ownership amounts are determined by the correspondent banks and the Company purchases stock from or sells stock back to the correspondents based on their calculations. The stock is held by member institutions only and is not actively traded. The Company held restricted stock of $1,170 as of March 31, 2016 and $1,129 as of December 31, 2015.

The amortized costs, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair values for securities held to maturity by major security type are as follows.

|  | March 31, 2016 |
|  | Amortized Costs |  |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Fair Values |
Held to M aturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 8,909 |  |  | $ | 374 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 9,253 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 134,023 |  |  |  | 6,390 |  |  |  | 212 |  |  |  | 140,201 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 312 |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 349 |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 1,420 |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1,450 |
Total securities held to maturity |  | $ | 144,664 |  |  | $ | 6,832 |  |  | $ | 243 |  |  | $ | 151,253 |

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|  | December 31, 2015 |
|  | Amortized Costs |  |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Fair Values |
Held to M aturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 13,909 |  |  | $ | 288 |  |  | $ | 177 |  |  | $ | 14,020 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 136,373 |  |  |  | 6,179 |  |  |  | 330 |  |  |  | 142,222 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 327 |  |  |  | 36 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 363 |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 1,419 |  |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 1,427 |
Total securities held to maturity |  | $ | 152,028 |  |  | $ | 6,513 |  |  | $ | 509 |  |  | $ | 158,032 |

The amortized cost and fair value of single maturity securities held to maturity at March 31, 2016, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Mortgage-backed securities included in these totals are categorized by final maturity.

|  | March 31, 201 6 |
|  | Amortized Cost |  |  | Fair Value |
Held to maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Due in one year or less |  | $ | 1,162 |  |  | $ | 1,162 |
Due after one year through five years |  |  | 17,347 |  |  |  | 18,500 |
Due after give years through ten years |  |  | 19,806 |  |  |  | 20,951 |
Due after ten years |  |  | 106,349 |  |  |  | 110,640 |
Total securities held to maturity |  | $ | 144,664 |  |  | $ | 151,253 |

Information pertaining to securities with gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows.

|  | March 31, 2016 |
|  | Less Than 12 Months |  |  | 12 Months or More |
|  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Loss |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Loss |
Temporarily I mpaired S ecurities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 82,951 |  |  | $ | 363 |  |  | $ | 25,632 |  |  | $ | 347 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 2,285 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 5,380 |  |  |  | 210 |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 2,184 |  |  |  | 67 |  |  |  | 200 |  |  |  | 1 |
Other securities |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 64 |
Total |  | $ | 87,420 |  |  | $ | 432 |  |  | $ | 31,337 |  |  | $ | 622 |

|  | December 31, 2015 |
|  | Less Than 12 Months |  |  | 12 Months or More |
|  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Loss |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Loss |
Temporarily I mpaired S ecurities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 88,255 |  |  | $ | 1,800 |  |  | $ | 84,959 |  |  | $ | 3,329 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 3,449 |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |  | 10,161 |  |  |  | 306 |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 4,974 |  |  |  | 292 |  |  |  | 200 |  |  |  | 1 |
Other securities |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 127 |  |  |  | 62 |
Total |  | $ | 96,678 |  |  | $ | 2,116 |  |  | $ | 95,447 |  |  | $ | 3,698 |

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The Company had 125 securities with a fair value of $118,757 that were temporarily impaired at March 31, 2016. The total unrealized loss on these securities was $1,054. Of the temporarily impaired total, 36 securities with a fair value of $31,337 and an unrealized loss of $622 have been in a continuous loss position for twelve months or more. The Company has determined that these securities are temporarily impaired at March 31, 2016 for the reasons set out below.

U.S. Government agencies. The unrealized losses of $710 on US Government agency securities stemmed from 109 securities with a fair value of $108,583. The unrealized losses were caused by interest rate and market fluctuations. The contractual terms of the investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the cost basis of each investment. The Company is monitoring bond market trends and developing strategies to address unrealized losses. Because the Company does not intend to sell any of the investments and it is not likely that the Company will be required to sell any of the investments before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

States and political subdivisions. This category’s unrealized losses of $212 on 12 securities with a fair value of $7,665 are primarily the result of interest rate and market fluctuations. The contractual terms of the investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the cost basis of each investment. The Company purchases only investment-grade bonds with a Moody or Standard and Poor’s rating of A or better, and that comply with regulatory requirements. Bond ratings are monitored on an ongoing basis. Municipal obligations that experience a decline in credit rating are analyzed to determine appropriate action and accounting treatment. The company performs an analysis each quarter to determine whether any investments are other-than-temporarily impaired. Because the Company does not intend to sell any of the investments and it is not likely that the Company will be required to sell any of the investments before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

Corporate. The Company’s unrealized losses of $68 on 4 corporate debt securities with a fair value of $2,384 are related to interest rate and market fluctuations. The contractual terms of the investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the cost basis of each investment. Because the Company does not intend to sell any of the investments before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

Other securities. The Company holds a small investment in community bank stock. One security with a fair value of $125 has an unrealized loss of $64. The value of this investment has been negatively affected by market conditions. Because the Company does not intend to sell this investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company does not consider this investment to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

Restricted stock. Restricted stock is reported separately from available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity securities. As a member of the Federal Reserve and the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Atlanta, NBB is required to maintain certain minimum investments in the common stock of those entities. Required levels of investment are based upon NBB’s capital and a percentage of qualifying assets. In addition, NBB is eligible to borrow from the FHLB with borrowings collateralized by qualifying assets, primarily residential mortgage loans and NBB’s capital stock investment in the FHLB. Redemption of FHLB stock is subject to certain limitations and conditions. At its discretion, the FHLB may declare dividends on the stock. Management reviews for impairment based upon the ultimate recoverability of the cost basis of the FHLB stock, and at March 31, 2016, management did not determine any impairment.

Management regularly monitors the credit quality of the investment portfolio. Changes in ratings are noted and follow-up research on the issuer is undertaken when warranted. Management intends to carefully monitor any changes in bond quality.

Note 6: Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern.” This update is intended to provide guidance about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Management is required under the new guidance to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued when preparing financial statements for each interim and annual reporting period. If conditions or events are identified, the ASU specifies the process that must be followed by management and also clarifies the timing and content of going concern footnote disclosures in order to reduce diversity in practice. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2014-15 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

23

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” The amendments in ASU 2016-01, among other things: 1) Requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. 2) Requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. 3) Requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (i.e., securities or loans and receivables). 4) Eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the impact that ASU 2016-01 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” Among other things, in the amendments in ASU 2016-02, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: (1) A lease liability, which is a lessee‘s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) A right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted upon issuance. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition approach. The Company is currently assessing the impact that ASU 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting.” The amendments in this ASU eliminate the requirement that when an investment qualifies for use of the equity method as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence, an investor must adjust the investment, results of operations, and retained earnings retroactively on a step-by-step basis as if the equity method had been in effect during all previous periods that the investment had been held. The amendments require that the equity method investor add the cost of acquiring the additional interest in the investee to the current basis of the investor’s previously held interest and adopt the equity method of accounting as of the date the investment becomes qualified for equity method accounting. Therefore, upon qualifying for the equity method of accounting, no retroactive adjustment of the investment is required. In addition, the amendments in this ASU require that an entity that has an available-for-sale equity security that becomes qualified for the equity method of accounting recognize through earnings the unrealized holding gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive income at the date the investment becomes qualified for use of the equity method. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. The amendments should be applied prospectively upon their effective date to increases in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence that result in the adoption of the equity method. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-07 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

During March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” The amendments in this ASU simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions including: (a) income tax consequences; (b) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities; and (c) classification on the statement of cash flows. The amendments are effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company is currently assessing the impact that ASU 2016-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

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Note 7: Defined Benefit Plan

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost

|  | Pension Benefits |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Service cost |  | $ | 174 |  |  | $ | 155 |
Interest cost |  |  | 189 |  |  |  | 167 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (272 | ) |  |  | (292 | )
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | (27 | ) |  |  | (27 | )
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 143 |  |  |  | 104 |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 207 |  |  | $ | 107 |

2016 Plan Year Employer Contribution

For the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company is not required to make a minimum contribution and has elected not to make a contribution to the Plan.

Note 8: Fair Value Measurements

The Company records fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and determines fair value disclosures utilizing a definition of fair value of assets and liabilities that states that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Additional considerations come into play in determining the fair value of assets in markets that are not active.

The Company uses a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy based on these two types of inputs are as follows:

| Level 1 – |  | Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
| Level 2 – |  | Valuation is based on observable inputs including quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in less active markets, and model-based valuation techniques for which significant assumptions can be derived primarily from or corroborated by observable data in the market.
| Level 3 – |  | Valuation is based on model-based techniques that use one or more significant inputs or assumptions that are unobservable in the market.

The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements.

Securities Available for Sale

Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted market prices, when available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are derived primarily from or corroborated by observable market data. Third party vendors compile prices from various sources and may determine the fair value of identical or similar securities by using pricing models that consider observable market data (Level 2). The carrying value of restricted Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock approximates fair value based upon the redemption provisions of each entity and is therefore excluded from the following table.

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|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2016 Using |
Description |  | Balance as of March 31, 2016 |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 248,156 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 248,156 |  |  | $ | --- |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 14,453 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 14,453 |  |  |  | --- |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 1,241 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,241 |  |  |  | --- |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 6,119 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 6,119 |  |  |  | --- |
Other securities |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | --- |
Total securities available for sale |  | $ | 270,094 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 270,094 |  |  | $ | --- |

|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2015 Using |
Description |  | Balance as of December 31, 2015 |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations |  | $ | 212,464 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 212,464 |  |  | $ | --- |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | 16,475 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 16,475 |  |  |  | --- |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | 1,319 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,319 |  |  |  | --- |
Corporate debt securities |  |  | 5,746 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 5,746 |  |  |  | --- |
Other securities |  |  | 127 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 127 |  |  |  | --- |
Total securities available for sale |  | $ | 236,131 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 236,131 |  |  | $ | --- |

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. Adjustments to the fair value of these assets usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the financial statements.

Loans Held for Sale

Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. These loans currently consist of one-to-four family residential loans originated for sale in the secondary market. Fair value is based on the price secondary markets offer at the report date for similar loans using observable market data which is not materially different than cost due to the short duration between origination and sale (Level 2). As such, the Company records any fair value adjustments on a nonrecurring basis. No nonrecurring fair value adjustments were recorded on loans held for sale at March 31, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

Impaired Loans

Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management based on current information and events, it is probable that all amounts due will not be collected when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Troubled debt restructurings are impaired loans. Impaired loans are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. If an individually-evaluated impaired loan’s balance exceeds fair value, the amount is allocated to the allowance for loan losses. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The fair value of an impaired loan and measurement of associated loss is based on one of three methods: the observable market price of the loan, the present value of projected cash flows, or the fair value of the collateral. The observable market price of a loan is categorized as a Level 1 input. The present value of projected cash flows method results in a Level 3 categorization because the calculation relies on the Company’s judgment to determine projected cash flows, which are then discounted at the current rate of the loan, or the rate prior to modification if the loan is a troubled debt restructure.

Loans measured using the fair value of collateral method may be categorized in Level 2 or Level 3. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. Most collateral is real estate. The Company bases collateral method fair valuation upon the “as-is” value of independent appraisals or evaluations. Valuations for impaired loans with outstanding principal balances of $250 or more are based on a current appraisal. Appraisals are also used to value impaired loans with principal balances of $100 or greater and secured by one piece of collateral. Collateral-method impaired loans with principal balances below $100, or if secured by multiple pieces of collateral, below $250, are valued using an internal evaluation.

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The value of real estate collateral is determined by a current (less than 12 months of age) appraisal or internal evaluation utilizing an income or market valuation approach. Appraisals conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using observable market data are categorized as Level 2. If a current appraisal cannot be obtained prior to a reporting date and an existing appraisal is discounted to obtain an estimated value, or if declines in value are identified after the date of the appraisal, or if an appraisal is discounted for estimated selling costs, the valuation of real estate collateral is categorized as Level 3. Valuations derived from internal evaluations are categorized as Level 3. The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal (Level 2) if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable business’ financial statements (Level 3) if not considered significant. Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivables collateral are based on financial statement balances or aging reports (Level 3).

Impaired loans are measured quarterly for impairment. The Company employs the most applicable valuation method for each loan based on current information at the time of valuation. Valuations of loans using the collateral method may include a discount for selling costs if collection of the loan is expected to come from sale of the collateral. Fair value measurement using the collateral method for a loan that is dependent on the operation, but not the sale, of collateral for collection is not discounted for selling costs.

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2016 and at December 31, 2015.

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Carrying Value |
Date | Description |  | Balance |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
| Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 31, 2016 | Impaired loans net of valuation allowance |  | $ | 1,738 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,738 |
December 31, 2015 | Impaired loans net of valuation allowance |  |  | 2,328 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 2,328 |

The following tables present information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

March 31, 2016 |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range (Weighted Average)
Impaired loans |  | Present value of cash flows |  | Market rate for borrower (discount rate) |  | 5.50% | – | 8.00% | (6.46%)

December 31, 2015 |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range (Weighted Average)
Impaired loans |  | Present value of cash flows |  | Discount rate |  | 6.00% | – | 7.38% | (6.56%)

Other Real Estate Owned

Other real estate owned are real estate assets acquired in full or partial satisfaction of a loan. At acquisition, other real estate owned assets are measured at fair value. If the assets are marketed for sale by an outside party, the acquisition-date fair value is discounted by selling costs; if the assets are marketed for sale by the Company, no reduction to fair value for selling costs is made. Subsequent to acquisition, the assets are measured at the lower of initial measurement or current fair value, discounted for selling costs as appropriate.

The fair value of an other real estate owned asset is determined by an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using observable market data (Level 2). If the appraisal is discounted either for age or because management considers the real estate market to be experiencing volatility, then the fair value is considered Level 3. Discounts for selling costs also result in measurement based on Level 3 inputs. Fair value adjustments are measured on a nonrecurring basis and are recorded in the period incurred as valuation allowances to other real estate owned, and expensed through noninterest expense.

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The following table summarizes the Company’s other real estate owned that was measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Carrying Value |
Date |  | Description |  | Balance |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
|  | Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 31, 2016 |  | Other real estate owned net of valuation allowance |  | $ | 3,612 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,612 |
December 31, 2015 |  | Other real estate owned net of valuation allowance |  |  | 4,165 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 4,165 |

The following tables present information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

March 31, 2016 |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range (Weighted Average)
Other real estate owned |  | Discounted appraised value |  | Selling cost |  | 0.00%(1) | – | 10.00% | (5.94%)
Other real estate owned |  | Discounted appraised value |  | Discount for lack of marketability and age of appraisal |  | 0.00% | – | 53.46% | (10.29%)

December 31, 2015 |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range (Weighted Average)
Other real estate owned |  | Discounted appraised value |  | Selling cost |  | 0%(1) | – | 10.00% | (5.89%)
Other real estate owned |  | Discounted appraised value |  | Discount for lack of marketability and age of appraisal |  | 0% | – | 50.01% | (10.16%)

(1) | The Company markets other real estate owned both independently and with local realtors. Properties marketed by realtors are discounted by selling costs. Properties that the Company markets independently are not discounted by selling costs.

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments.

Cash and Due from Banks and Interest-Bearing Deposits

The carrying amounts approximate fair value.

Securities

The fair value of securities, excluding restricted stock, is determined by quoted market prices or dealer quotes. The fair value of certain state and municipal securities is not readily available through market sources other than dealer quotations, so fair value estimates are based on quoted market prices of similar instruments adjusted for differences between the quoted instruments and the instruments being valued. The carrying value of restricted securities approximates fair value based upon the redemption provisions of the applicable entities.

Loans Held for Sale

The fair value of loans held for sale is based on commitments on hand from investors or prevailing market prices.

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Loans

Fair value for the loan portfolio is estimated on an account-level basis by discounting scheduled cash flows through the projected maturity for each loan. The calculation applies estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan. The estimate of maturity is based on the Company’s historical experience with repayments for loan classification, modified by an estimate of the effect of economic conditions on lending.

Impaired loans are individually evaluated for fair value. Fair value for the Company’s impaired loans is estimated by using either discounted cash flows or the appraised value of collateral. Any amount of principal balance that exceeds fair value is accrued in the allowance for loan losses. Assumptions regarding credit risk, cash flows and discount rates are determined within management’s judgment, using available market information and specific borrower information. Discount rates for cash flow analysis are based on the loan’s interest rate, and cash flows are estimated based upon the loan’s historical payment performance and the borrower’s current financial condition. Appraisals may be discounted for age, reasonableness, and selling costs.

Deposits

The fair value of demand and savings deposits is the amount payable on demand. The fair value of fixed maturity term deposits and certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities.

Accrued Interest

The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value.

Bank-O wned Life I nsurance

Bank owned life insurance represents insurance policies on officers of the Company and certain officers who are no longer employed by the Company. The cash values of the policies are estimates using information provided by insurance carriers. These policies are carried at their cash surrender value, which approximates the fair value.

Commitments to Extend Credit and Standby Letters of Credit

The only amounts recorded for commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees written are the deferred fees arising from these unrecognized financial instruments. These deferred fees are not deemed significant at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and, as such, the related fair values have not been estimated.

The estimated fair values and related carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments follow.

|  | March 31, 2016 |
|  | Carrying Amount |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1 |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2 |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs Level 3 |
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 9,913 |  |  | $ | 9,913 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |
Interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 129,363 |  |  |  | 129,363 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Securities |  |  | 414,758 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 421,347 |  |  |  | --- |
Restricted securities |  |  | 1,170 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,170 |  |  |  | --- |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | --- |
Loans, net |  |  | 599,536 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 617,299 |
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | 5,587 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 5,587 |  |  |  | --- |
Bank-owned life insurance |  |  | 22,548 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 22,548 |  |  |  | --- |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits |  | $ | 1,018,512 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 833,216 |  |  | $ | 184,002 |
Accrued interest payable |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | --- |

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|  | December 31, 2015 |
|  | Carrying Amount |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1 |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2 |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs Level 3 |
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 12,152 |  |  | $ | 12,152 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |
Interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 130,811 |  |  |  | 130,811 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Securities |  |  | 388,159 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 394,163 |  |  |  | --- |
Restricted securities |  |  | 1,129 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1,129 |  |  |  | --- |
Mortgage loans held for sale |  |  | 634 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 634 |  |  |  | --- |
Loans, net |  |  | 610,711 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 621,590 |
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | 5,769 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 5,769 |  |  |  | --- |
Bank-owned life insurance |  |  | 22,401 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 22,401 |  |  |  | --- |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits |  | $ | 1,018,859 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 826,476 |  |  | $ | 193,912 |
Accrued interest payable |  |  | 56 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 56 |  |  |  | --- |

Note 9: Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

|  | Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities |  |  | Adjustments Related to Pension Benefits |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |
Balance at December 31, 201 4 |  | $ | (1,582 | ) |  | $ | (4,090 | ) |  | $ | (5,672 | )
Unrealized holding gains on available for sale securities, net of tax of $1,320 |  |  | 2,452 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 2,452 |
Reclassification adjustment, net of tax of $1 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 1 |
Balance at March 31, 2015 |  | $ | 871 |  |  | $ | (4,090 | ) |  | $ | (3,219 | )
Balance at December 31, 201 5 |  | $ | (2,666 | ) |  | $ | (5,270 | ) |  | $ | (7,936 | )
Unrealized holding gains on available for sale securities net of tax of $1,809 |  |  | 3,359 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,359 |
Reclassification adjustment, net of tax of ($8) |  |  | (16 | ) |  |  | --- |  |  |  | (16 | )
Balance at March 31, 2016 |  | $ | 677 |  |  | $ | (5,270 | ) |  | $ | (4,593 | )

The following provides information regarding reclassifications out of accumulated comprehensive loss for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015.

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | March 31, 2015 |
Reclassification out of unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Realized securities (gains) losses, net |  | $ | (24 | ) |  | $ | 2 |
Income tax expense (benefit) |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | (1 | )
Realized (gains) losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax, reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income |  | $ | (16 | ) |  | $ | 1 |

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

$ in thousands, except per share data

The purpose of this discussion and analysis is to provide information about the financial condition and results of operations of National Bankshares, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”), which are not otherwise apparent from the consolidated financial statements and other information included in this report. Please refer to the financial statements and other information included in this report as well as the 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K for an understanding of the following discussion and analysis.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

We make forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K that are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include statements regarding our profitability, liquidity, allowance for loan losses, interest rate sensitivity, market risk, growth strategy, and financial and other goals, and are based upon our management’s views and assumptions as of the date of this report. The words “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” or other similar words or terms are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements are based upon or are affected by factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from historical results or from any results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, changes in:

| ● | interest rates,

| ● | general economic conditions,

| ● | the legislative/regulatory climate,

| ● | monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the impact of any policies or programs implemented pursuant to the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) and other financial reform legislation,

| ● | unanticipated increases in the level of unemployment in the Company’s trade area,

| ● | the quality or composition of the loan and/or investment portfolios,

| ● | demand for loan products,

| ● | deposit flows,

| ● | competition,

| ● | demand for financial services in the Company’s trade area,

| ● | the real estate market in the Company’s trade area,

| ● | the Company’s technology initiatives, and

| ● | applicable accounting principles, policies and guidelines.

These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this report. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on those statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the description of our “Risk Factors” in Item 1A. of this Form 10-K.

The national economy and the Company’s market area have experienced a slow recovery since the economic recession of 2008 and 2009. Unemployment rates have slowly improved since the peak of the recession. If the economic recovery wavers or reverses, it is likely that unemployment will rise and that other economic indicators will negatively impact the Company’s trade area. Because of the importance to the Company’s markets of state-funded universities, cutbacks in the funding provided by the State as a result of the recession could also negatively impact employment. This could lead to a higher rate of delinquent loans and a greater number of real estate foreclosures. Higher unemployment and the fear of layoffs causes reduced consumer demand for goods and services, which negatively impacts the Company’s business and professional customers. A reversal in the economic recovery could have an adverse effect on all financial institutions, including the Company.

Critical Accounting Policies

General

The Company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). The financial information contained within our statements is, to a significant extent, financial information that is based on measures of the financial effects of transactions and events that have already occurred. A variety of factors could affect the ultimate value that is obtained when earning income, recognizing an expense, recovering an asset or relieving a liability. The Company uses historical loss rates as one factor in determining the inherent loss that may be present in the loan portfolio. Actual losses could differ significantly from one previously acceptable method to another method. Although the economics of the Company’s transactions would be the same, the timing of events that would impact the transactions could change.

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Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of probable losses inherent in our loan portfolio. The allowance is funded by the provision for loan losses, reduced by charge-offs of loans and increased by recoveries of previously charged-off loans. The determination of the allowance is based on two accounting principles, Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 450-20 (Contingencies) which requires that losses be accrued when occurrence is probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable, and ASC Topic 310-10 (Receivables) which requires accrual of losses on impaired loans if the recorded investment exceeds fair value.

Probable losses are accrued through two calculations, individual evaluation of impaired loans and collective evaluation of the remainder of the portfolio. Impaired loans are larger non-homogeneous loans for which there is a probability that collection will not occur according to the loan terms, as well as loans whose terms have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring. Impaired loans that are not TDR’s with an estimated impairment loss are placed on nonaccrual status. TDR’s with an impairment loss may accrue interest if they have demonstrated six months of timely payment performance.

Impaired loans

Impaired loans are identified through the Company’s credit risk rating process. Estimated loss for an impaired loan is the amount of recorded investment that exceeds the loan’s fair value. Fair value of an impaired loan is measured by one of three methods: the fair value of collateral (“collateral method”), the present value of future cash flows (“cash flow method”), or observable market price. The Company applies the collateral method to collateral-dependent loans, loans for which foreclosure is eminent and to loans for which the fair value of collateral is a more reliable estimate of fair value. The cash flow method is applied to loans that are not collateral dependent and for which cash flows may be estimated.

The Company bases collateral method fair valuation upon the “as-is” value of independent appraisals or evaluations. Valuations for impaired loans with outstanding principal balances of $250 or more are based on a current appraisal. Appraisals are also used to value impaired loans with principal balances of $100 or greater and secured by one piece of collateral. Collateral-method impaired loans with principal balances below $100, or if secured by multiple pieces of collateral, below $250, are valued using an internal evaluation.

Appraisals and internal valuations provide an estimate of market value. Appraisals must conform to the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (“USPAP”) and are prepared by an independent third-party appraiser who is certified and licensed and who is approved by the Company. Appraisals incorporate market analysis, comparable sales analysis, cash flow analysis and market data pertinent to the property to determine market value. Internal evaluations are prepared and reviewed by employees of the Company who are independent of the loan origination, operation, management and collection functions. Evaluations provide a property’s market value based on the property’s current physical condition and characteristics and the economic market conditions that affect the collateral’s market value. Evaluations incorporate multiple sources of data to arrive at a property’s market value, including physical inspection, tax values, independent third-party automated tools, comparable sales analysis and local market information.

Updated appraisals or evaluations are ordered when the loan becomes impaired if the appraisal or evaluation on file is more than twelve months old. Appraisals and evaluations are reviewed for propriety and reasonableness and may be discounted if the Company determines that the value exceeds reasonable levels. If an updated appraisal or evaluation has been ordered but has not been received by a reporting date, the fair value may be based on the most recent available appraisal or evaluation, discounted for age.

The appraisal or evaluation value for a collateral-dependent loan for which recovery is expected solely from the sale of collateral is reduced by estimated selling costs. Estimated losses on collateral-dependent loans, as well as any other impairment loss considered uncollectible, are charged against the allowance for loan losses. For loans that are not collateral dependent, the impairment loss is accrued in the allowance. Impaired loans with partial charge-offs are maintained as impaired until the remaining balance is satisfied. Smaller homogeneous impaired loans that are not troubled debt restructurings or part of a larger impaired relationship are collectively evaluated.

Troubled debt restructurings are impaired loans and are measured for impairment under the same valuation methods as other impaired loans. Troubled debt restructurings are maintained in nonaccrual status until the loan has demonstrated reasonable assurance of repayment with at least six months of consecutive timely payment performance.

Collectively-evaluated loans

Non-impaired loans and smaller homogeneous impaired loans that are not troubled debt restructurings and not part of a larger impaired relationship are grouped by portfolio segments that are made up of smaller loan classes. Loans within a segment or class have similar risk characteristics.

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Probable loss is determined by applying historical net charge-off rates as well as additional percentages for trends and current levels of quantitative and qualitative factors. Loss rates are calculated for and applied to individual classes by averaging loss rates over the most recent 8 quarters. The look-back period of 8 quarters is applied consistently among all classes.

Two loss rates for each class are calculated: total net charge-offs for the class as a percentage of average class loan balance (“class loss rate”), and total net charge-offs for the class as a percentage of average classified loans in the class (“classified loss rate”). Classified loans are those with risk ratings of “substandard” or higher. Net charge-offs in both calculations include charge-offs and recoveries of classified and non-classified loans as well as those associated with impaired loans. Class historical loss rates are applied to non-classified loan balances at the reporting date, and classified historical loss rates are applied to classified loan balances and not individually evaluated at the reporting date.

Qualitative factors are evaluated and allocations are applied to each class. Qualitative factors include delinquency rates, loan quality and concentrations, loan officers’ experience, changes in lending policies and changes in the loan review process. Economic factors such as unemployment rates, bankruptcy rates and others are also evaluated, with standard allocations applied consistently to relevant classes.

The Company accrues additional estimated loss for criticized loans within each class and for loans designated high risk. High risk loans are defined as junior lien mortgages, loans with high loan-to-value ratios and loans with terms that require interest only payments. Both criticized loans and high risk loans are included in the base risk analysis for each class and are allocated additional reserves.

Estimation of the allowance for loan losses

The estimation of the allowance involves analysis of internal and external variables, methodologies, assumptions and our judgment and experience. Key judgments used in determining the allowance for loan losses include internal risk rating determinations, market and collateral values, discount rates, loss rates, and our view of current economic conditions. These judgments are inherently subjective and our actual losses could be greater or less than the estimate. Future estimates of the allowance could increase or decrease based on changes in the financial condition of individual borrowers, concentrations of various types of loans, economic conditions or the markets in which collateral may be sold. The estimate of the allowance accrual determines the amount of provision expense and directly affects our financial results.

The estimate of the allowance for March 31, 2016 considered market and portfolio conditions during the first three months of 2016 as well as the levels of delinquencies and net charge-offs in the eight quarters prior to the quarter ended March 31, 2016. Given the continued economic difficulties, the ultimate amount of loss could vary from that estimate. For additional discussion of the allowance, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements and “Asset Quality,” and “Provision and Allowance for Loan Losses.”

Goodwill and Core Deposit Intangibles

Goodwill is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair value based test. The Company performs impairment testing in the fourth quarter of each year. The Company’s most recent impairment test was performed in the fourth quarter of 2015. Accounting guidance provides the option of performing preliminary assessment of qualitative factors before performing more substantial testing for impairment. The Company opted not to perform the preliminary assessment. The Company’s goodwill impairment analysis considered three valuation techniques appropriate to the measurement. The first technique uses the Company’s market capitalization as an estimate of fair value; the second technique estimates fair value using current market pricing multiples for companies comparable to the Company; while the third technique uses current market pricing multiples for change-of-control transactions involving companies comparable to the Company. Each measure indicated that the Company’s fair value exceeded its book value, validating that goodwill is not impaired.

Certain key judgments were used in the valuation measurement. Goodwill is held by the Company’s bank subsidiary. The bank subsidiary is 100% owned by the Company, and no market capitalization is available. Because most of the Company’s assets are comprised of the subsidiary bank’s equity, the Company’s market capitalization was used to estimate the Bank’s market capitalization. Other judgments include the assumption that the companies and transactions used as comparables for the second and third technique were appropriate to the estimate of the Company’s fair value, and that the comparable multiples are appropriate indicators of fair value, and compliant with accounting guidance.

Acquired intangible assets (such as core deposit intangibles) are recognized separately from goodwill if the benefit of the asset can be sold, transferred, licensed, rented, or exchanged, and amortized over its useful life. The Company amortizes intangible assets arising from branch transactions over their useful life. Core deposit intangibles are subject to a recoverability test based on undiscounted cash flows, and to the impairment recognition and measurement provisions required for other long-lived assets held and used. The impairment testing showed that the expected cash flows of the intangible assets exceeded the carrying value.

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Overview

National Bankshares, Inc. (“NBI”) is a financial holding company incorporated under the laws of Virginia. Located in southwest Virginia, NBI has two wholly-owned subsidiaries, the National Bank of Blacksburg (“NBB” or “the Bank”) and National Bankshares Financial Services, Inc. (“NBFS”). NBB, which does business as National Bank from twenty-six full-service locations and one loan production office, is a community bank. NBB is the source of nearly all of the Company’s revenue. NBFS does business as National Bankshares Investment Services and National Bankshares Insurance Services. Income from NBFS is not significant at this time, nor is it expected to be so in the near future.

NBI common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market and is traded under the symbol “NKSH.” National Bankshares, Inc. has been included in the Russell Investments Russell 3000 and Russell 2000 Indexes since June 29, 2009.

Lending

NBB is community-oriented and offers a full range of retail and commercial banking services to individuals, small and mid-sized businesses, non-profits and local governments. Loan types include commercial and agricultural, commercial real estate, construction for commercial and residential properties, residential real estate, home equity and various consumer loan products. Of primary consideration in the Bank’s decision to extend credit is the repayment ability of the borrowers and (if secured) the collateral value in relation to the principal balance. Collateral value lowers risk and may be used as a secondary source of repayment. The credit decision is supported by documentation appropriate to the type of loan, including current financial information, income verification or cash flow analysis, tax returns, credit reports, collateral information, guarantor verification, title reports, appraisals (where appropriate), and other documents. A discussion of underwriting policies and procedures specific to the major loan products follows.

Commercial and agricultural loans primarily finance equipment acquisition, expansion, working capital, and other general business purposes. Because these loans have a higher degree of risk, the Bank generally obtains collateral such as inventories, accounts receivable or equipment, and personal guarantees from the borrowing entity’s principal owners. The Bank’s policy limits lending to 60% of the appraised value for inventory and equipment and up to 70% for accounts receivables less than 90 days old. Credit decisions are based upon an assessment of the financial capacity of the applicant, including the primary borrower’s ability to repay within proposed terms, a risk assessment, financial strength of guarantors and adequacy of collateral. Credit agency reports of individual owners’ credit history supplement the analysis.

Commercial mortgages and construction loans are offered to investors, developers and builders, primarily within the Bank’s market area in southwest Virginia. These loans are secured by first mortgages on real estate. The loan amount is generally limited to 80% of the collateral value, and is individually determined based on the property type, quality, location and sponsorship. Commercial properties include retail centers, apartments, and industrial properties.

Underwriting decisions are based upon an analysis of the economic viability of the collateral and creditworthiness of the borrower. The Bank obtains appraisals from qualified certified independent appraisers to establish the value of collateral properties. The property’s projected net cash flows compared to the debt service requirement (the “debt service coverage ratio” or “DSC” ratio) is required to be 110% or greater, and is computed after deduction for a vacancy factor and property expenses, as appropriate. Borrower cash flow may be supplemented by a personal guarantee from the principal(s) of the borrower, and guarantees from other parties. The Bank requires title insurance, fire, and extended coverage casualty insurance, and flood insurance, if appropriate, in order to protect the security interest in the underlying property. In addition, the Bank may employ stress testing techniques to determine repayment ability in a changing rate environment before granting loan approval.

Construction loans are underwritten against projected cash flows from rental income, business and/or personal income from an owner-occupant or the sale of the property to an end-user. Associated risks may be mitigated by requiring fixed-price construction contracts, performance and payment bonding, controlled disbursements, and pre-sale contracts or pre-lease agreements.

The Bank offers a variety of first mortgage and junior lien loans secured by 1-4 family residences to individuals within our markets. Credit decisions are primarily based on loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, debt-to-income (“DTI”) ratios, liquidity, and net worth. Income and financial information is obtained from personal tax returns, personal financial statements, credit reports and employment documentation. The Bank generally requires an LTV ratio of 80% or lower, although higher levels are permitted with mortgage insurance. The debt-to-income ratio is limited to 43% of gross income.

Consumer real estate mortgages may have fixed interest rates for the entire term of the loan or variable interest rates subject to change after the first, third, or fifth year. Variable rates are based on the weekly average yield of United States Treasury Securities and are underwritten at fully-indexed rates. We do not offer consumer real estate interest-only loans, sub-prime loans, or any variation on sub-prime lending including hybrid loans and payment option ARMs, or any product with negative amortization. Sub-prime loans involve extending credit to borrowers who exhibit characteristics indicating a significantly higher risk of default than traditional bank lending customers. Hybrid loans are loans that start out as a fixed rate mortgage but after a set number of years automatically adjust to an adjustable rate mortgage. Payment option ARMs usually have adjustable rates, for which borrowers choose their monthly payment of either a full payment, interest only, or a minimum payment which may be lower than the payment required to reduce the balance of the loan in accordance with the originally underwritten amortization.

Home equity loans are secured primarily by second mortgages on residential property. The underwriting policy for home equity loans generally permits aggregate (the total of all liens secured by the collateral property) borrowing availability up to 80% of the appraised value of the collateral. We offer both fixed rate and variable rate home equity loans, with variable rate loans underwritten at fully-indexed rates. Lending decisions are primarily based on LTV ratios, DTI ratios, liquidity and credit history. We do not offer home equity loan products with reduced documentation.

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Automobile loans include loans secured by new or used automobiles. Automobile loans are originated either on a direct basis or on an indirect basis through selected dealerships. We require borrowers to maintain collision insurance on automobiles securing consumer loans. Our procedures for underwriting automobile loans include an assessment of an applicant’s overall financial capacity, including credit history and the ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. Although an applicant’s creditworthiness is the primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes a comparison of the value of the collateral security to the proposed loan amount.

Performance Summary

The following table presents the Company’s key performance ratios for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015 and the year ended December 31, 2015. The measures for March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015 are annualized, except for basic earnings per share and fully diluted earnings per share.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 |  |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 |  |  | Twelve Months Ended December 31, 201 5 |
Return on average assets |  |  | 1.28 | % |  |  | 1.40 | % |  |  | 1.37 | %
Return on average equity |  |  | 8.64 | % |  |  | 9.50 | % |  |  | 9.22 | %
Basic earnings per share |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.57 |  |  | $ | 2.28 |
Fully diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.57 |  |  | $ | 2.28 |
Net interest margin (1) |  |  | 3.66 | % |  |  | 3.94 | % |  |  | 3.86 | %
Noninterest margin (2) |  |  | 1.48 | % |  |  | 1.56 | % |  |  | 1.40 | %

(1) | Net interest margin: Year-to-date tax-equivalent net interest income divided by year-to-date average earning assets.

(2) | Noninterest margin: Noninterest expense (excluding the provision for bad debts and income taxes) less noninterest income (excluding securities gains and losses) divided by average year-to-date assets.

The annualized return on average assets declined 12 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with the three months ended March 31, 2015. The annualized return on average equity decreased 86 basis points for the same period.

The annualized net interest margin was 3.66% for the three months ended March 31, 2016, down 28 basis points from the 3.94% reported for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The primary factor driving the decrease in the net interest margin was the declining yield on earning assets offset by a smaller decline in the cost to fund earning assets.

The annualized noninterest margin decreased 8 basis points from the three months ended March 31, 2015. Please refer to the discussion under noninterest expense for further information.

The annualized return on average assets declined 9 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with the year ended December 31, 2015. The annualized return on average equity decreased 58 basis points for the same period.

The annualized net interest margin was down 20 basis points from the 3.86% reported for the year ended December 31, 2015. As with the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, the primary factor driving the decrease in the net interest margin was the declining yield on earning assets offset by a smaller decline in the cost to fund earning assets.

The annualized noninterest margin increased 8 basis points from the year ended December 31, 2015. Please refer to the discussion under noninterest expense for further information.

Growth

NBI’s key growth indicators are shown in the following table.

|  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | December 31, 2015 |  |  | Percent Change |
Interest-bearing deposits |  | $ | 129,363 |  |  | $ | 130,811 |  |  |  | (1.11 | )%
Securities, at carrying value |  |  | 415,928 |  |  |  | 389,288 |  |  |  | 6.84 | %
Loans, net |  |  | 599,536 |  |  |  | 610,711 |  |  |  | (1.83 | )%
Deposits |  |  | 1,018,512 |  |  |  | 1,018,859 |  |  |  | (0.03 | )%
Total assets |  |  | 1,207,871 |  |  |  | 1,199,739 |  |  |  | 0.68 | %

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Asset Quality

Key indicators of the Company’s asset quality are presented in the following table.

|  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | March 31, 2015 |  |  | December 31, 201 5 |
Nonperforming loans |  | $ | 6,405 |  |  | $ | 9,225 |  |  | $ | 6,682 |
Loans past due 90 days or more, and still accruing |  |  | 328 |  |  |  | 272 |  |  |  | 156 |
Other real estate owned |  |  | 3,612 |  |  |  | 4,573 |  |  |  | 4,165 |
Allowance for loan losses to loans |  |  | 1.33 | % |  |  | 1.33 | % |  |  | 1.34 | %
Net charge-off ratio |  |  | 0.26 | % |  |  | 0.14 | % |  |  | 0.32 | %
Ratio of nonperforming assets to loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees, plus other real estate owned |  |  | 1.64 | % |  |  | 2.20 | % |  |  | 1.74 | %
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans |  |  | 126.57 | % |  |  | 89.51 | % |  |  | 124.17 | %

The Company’s risk analysis determined an allowance for loan losses of $8,107 or 1.33% at March 31, 2016, a decrease from $8,297 or 1.34% of loans net of unearned income and deferred fees at December 31, 2015 and from $8,257 or 1.33% of loans net of unearned income and deferred fees at March 31, 2015. The determination of the appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses resulted in a provision for loan loss of $203 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and $201 for the three months ended March 31, 2015. To determine the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses, the Company considers credit risk for certain loans designated as impaired and for non-impaired (“collectively evaluated”) loans.

Individually evaluated impaired loans totaled $13,989 with specific allocation to the allowance for loan losses of $80 at March 31, 2016, compared with individually evaluated impaired loans of $15,346 with specific allocations of $45 at December 31, 2015, and individually evaluated impaired loans of $14,994 and specific allocation of $236 for March 31, 2015. The specific allocation is determined based on criteria particular to each impaired loan.

For collectively evaluated loans, the Company applies to each loan class a historical net charge-off rate, averaged over the most recent 8 quarters, and adjusted for factors that influence credit risk. Collectively evaluated loans totaled $594,501 with an allowance of $8,027 or 1.35% at March 31, 2016. At December 31, 2015, collectively evaluated loans totaled $604,538 with an allowance of $8,252 or 1.37% of the collectively-evaluated portfolio. Collectively evaluated loans at March 31, 2015 totaled $608,018 with an allowance of $8,021 or 1.32%.

Net charge-offs for March 31, 2016 were $393 or 0.26% of total average loans, an increase when compared with $207 or 0.14% of total average loans for March 31, 2015. However, the charge off rate for the first three months of 2016 decreased when compared with 0.32% for the year ended December 31, 2015. Increases in the net charge-off rate increase the required allowance for collectively-evaluated loans.

Asset quality indicators affect the level of the allowance for loan losses. Accruing loans past due 30-89 days decreased to 0.42% of total loans at March 31, 2016, from 0.48% at December 31, 2015 and 0.66% of total loans at March 31, 2015, decreasing the required level of the allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2016. Nonaccrual loans decreased to 1.05% of total loans at March 31, 2016, from 1.08% at December 31, 2015 and 1.48% at March 31, 2015. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in the percentage of loans past due 90 days or more to 0.05% at March 31, 2016, from 0.03% at December 31, 2015 and 0.04% at March 31, 2015.

Loans rated “special mention” and “classified” indicate heightened credit risk. Collectively evaluated loans rated “special mention” were $6,119 at March 31, 2016, similar to $6,144 at December 31, 2015 but increased from $4,279 at March 31, 2015. Higher levels of loans rated special mention increase the required level of the allowance for collectively-evaluated loans.

Collectively evaluated loans rated classified were $6,179 at March 31, 2016, a slight increase from $6,071 at December 31, 2015 but a significant decrease when compared with $10,973 at March 31, 2015. As with loans rated special mention, higher levels of classified loans increase the requirement for the allowance for collectively evaluated loans.

Other portfolio attributes, including high risk loans, are considered in the determination of the level of the allowance for loan loss. High risk loans, defined by the Company as loans secured by junior liens, interest-only loans and loans with a high loan-to-value ratio, decreased from December 31, 2015 to March 31, 2016, resulting in a decreased requirement for the allowance for loan losses.

Economic factors contribute to the calculation of the allowance for loan loss. Within the Company’s market area, personal and business bankruptcy rates, residential vacancy, and inventory of new and existing homes improved, while the change in the unemployment rate negatively impacted credit risk. Competition, legal and regulatory environment, and the interest rate environment remained at similar levels to December 31, 2015.

The calculation of the appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses incorporates analysis of multiple factors and requires management’s prudent and informed judgment. The ratio of the allowance for loan losses to the total loan portfolio declined slightly from December 31, 2015. Based on analysis of historical indicators, asset quality and economic factors, management believes the level of allowance for loan losses is reasonable for the credit risk in the loan portfolio.

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The following table discloses the other real estate owned in physical possession and in process at reporting date:

Other Real Estate Owned(1) |  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | March 31, 2015 |  |  | December 31, 201 5 |
Real estate construction |  | $ | 2,870 |  |  | $ | 3,214 |  |  | $ | 3,180 |
Consumer real estate |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 203 |  |  |  | 353 |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 617 |  |  |  | 1,156 |  |  |  | 632 |
Total other real estate owned |  | $ | 3,612 |  |  | $ | 4,573 |  |  | $ | 4,165 |
Other real estate owned in process |  | $ | 836 |  |  | $ | 589 |  |  | $ | 228 |

(1) | Net of valuation allowance.

Other real estate owned decreased $553 from December 31, 2015 and $961 from March 31, 2015. As of March 31, 2016, total residential properties approximating $836 are in various stages of foreclosure and may impact other real estate owned in future quarters. It is not possible to accurately predict the future total of other real estate owned because property sold at foreclosure may be acquired by third parties and NBB’s other real estate owned properties are regularly marketed and sold.

The Company continues to monitor risk levels within the loan portfolio. Please refer to Note 4: Allowance for Loan Losses, Nonperforming Assets and Impaired Loans for further information on collectively-evaluated loans, individually-evaluated impaired loans and the unallocated portion of the allowance for loan losses.

Modifications and Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”)

In the ordinary course of business, the Company modifies loan terms on a case-by-case basis, including both consumer and commercial loans, for a variety of reasons. Modifications to consumer loans generally involve short-term deferrals to accommodate specific, temporary circumstances. The Company may grant extensions to borrowers who have demonstrated a willingness and ability to repay their loan but who are dealing with the consequences of a specific unforeseen temporary hardship.

An extension defers monthly payments and requires a balloon payment at the original contractual maturity. Where the temporary event is not expected to impact a borrower’s ability to repay the debt, and where the Company expects to collect all amounts due including interest accrued at the contractual interest rate for the period of delay at contractual maturity, the modification is not designated a TDR.

Modifications to commercial loans may include, but are not limited to, changes in interest rate, maturity, amortization and financial covenants. In the original underwriting, loan terms are established that represent the then-current and projected financial condition of the borrower. If the modified terms are consistent with competitive market conditions and are representative of terms the borrower could otherwise obtain in the open market, the modified loan is not categorized as a TDR.

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The Company tracks modifications to assist in identifying troubled debt restructurings. The majority of modifications granted during the first three months of 2016 and 2015 were granted for competitive reasons and did not constitute troubled debt restructurings. A description of modifications that did not result in troubled debt restructurings for the first three months of 2016 and 2015 follows:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 |
Modification s To Borrowers Not Experiencing Financial Difficulty |  | Number of Loans Modified |  |  | Total Amount Modified (in thousands) |
Rate reductions for competitive purposes |  |  | 11 |  |  | $ | 11,919 |
Payment extensions for less than 3 months |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 434 |
Maturity date extensions of more than 3 months and up to 6 months |  |  | 64 |  |  |  | 4,890 |
Maturity date extensions of more than 6 months and up to 12 months |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | 3,337 |
Maturity date extensions of more than 12 months |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 2,358 |
Advances on non-revolving loans or capitalization |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Change in amortization term or method |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 429 |
Renewal of expired Home Equity Line of Credit loans for additional 10 years |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 253 |
Renewal of single-payment notes |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | 881 |
Total modifications that do not constitute TDRs |  |  | 243 |  |  | $ | 24,501 |

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 |
Modification s To Borrowers Not Experiencing Financial Difficulty |  | Number of Loans Modified |  |  | Total Amount Modified (in thousands) |
Rate reductions for competitive purposes |  |  | 26 |  |  | $ | 18,992 |
Payment extensions for less than 3 months |  |  | 20 |  |  |  | 764 |
Maturity date extensions of more than 3 months and up to 6 months |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 7,350 |
Maturity date extensions of more than 6 months and up to 12 months |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | 3,782 |
Maturity date extensions of more than 12 months |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Advances on non-revolving loans or capitalization |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 538 |
Change in amortization term or method |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 209 |
Renewal of expired Home Equity Line of Credit loans for additional 10 years |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 197 |
Renewal of single-payment notes |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | 1,260 |
Total modifications that do not constitute TDRs |  |  | 235 |  |  | $ | 33,092 |

Modifications in which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and in which the Company makes a concession to the original contractual loan terms are designated troubled debt restructurings.

Modifications of loan terms to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are made in an attempt to protect as much of the Company’s investment in the loan as possible. The determination of whether a modification should be accounted for as a TDR requires significant judgment after consideration of all facts and circumstances surrounding the transaction.

The Company recognizes that the current economy, elevated levels of unemployment and depressed real estate values have resulted in financial difficulties for some customers. The Company has restructured loan terms for certain qualified financially distressed borrowers who have agreed to work in good faith and have demonstrated the ability to make the restructured payments in order to avoid a foreclosure. All TDR loans are individually evaluated for impairment for purposes of determining the allowance for loan losses. TDR loans that do not demonstrate current payments for at least six months are maintained as nonaccrual until the borrower demonstrates sustained repayment history under the restructured terms and continued repayment is not in doubt. Otherwise, interest income is recognized using a cost recovery method.

The Company’s TDRs were $12,228 at March 31, 2016, a decrease from $13,453 at December 31, 2015. Accruing TDR loans amounted to $7,724 at March 31, 2016 and $8,814 at December 31, 2015. TDRs with a current payment history with at least six months may accrue interest.

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|  | TDR Status as of March 31, 2016 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Accruing |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total TDR Loans |  |  | Current |  |  | 30-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90+ Days Past Due |  |  | Nonaccrual |
Real estate construction |  | $ | 683 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 683 |
Consumer real estate |  |  | 953 |  |  |  | 457 |  |  |  | 496 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 10,587 |  |  |  | 6,766 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,821 |
Commercial non real estate |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Total TDR Loans |  | $ | 12,228 |  |  | $ | 7,228 |  |  | $ | 496 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 4,504 |

|  | TDR Status as of December 31, 201 5 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Accruing |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total TDR Loans |  |  | Current |  |  | 30-89 Days Past Due |  |  | 90+ Days Past Due |  |  | Nonaccrual |
Real estate construction |  | $ | 718 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 718 |
Consumer real estate |  |  | 962 |  |  |  | 784 |  |  |  | 178 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Commercial real estate |  |  | 11,566 |  |  |  | 7,645 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | 3,921 |
Commercial non real estate |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |  |  |  | --- |
Total TDR Loans |  | $ | 13,453 |  |  | $ | 8,636 |  |  | $ | 178 |  |  | $ | --- |  |  | $ | 4,639 |

Restructuring generally results in a loan with either lower payments or a maturity extended beyond that originally required, and is expected to result in a lower risk of loss associated with nonperformance than the pre-modified loan. The Company did not modify any loans in a troubled debt restructuring during the first three months of 2016. During the first three months of 2015, the Company modified in a troubled debt restructure one loan with a post-modification balance of $907. Please refer to Note 4 for information on troubled debt restructurings.

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Net Interest Income

The net interest income analysis for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | March 31, 2015 |
|  | Average Balance |  |  | Interest |  |  | Average Yield/ Rate |  |  | Average Balance |  |  | Interest |  |  | Average Yield/ Rate |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, net (1)(2)(3)(4) |  | $ | 610,530 |  |  | $ | 7,505 |  |  |  | 4.94 | % |  | $ | 604,748 |  |  | $ | 7,751 |  |  |  | 5.20 | %
Taxable securities (5) |  |  | 253,681 |  |  |  | 1,677 |  |  |  | 2.66 | % |  |  | 233,230 |  |  |  | 1,734 |  |  |  | 3.02 | %
Nontaxable securities (1)(5)(6) |  |  | 142,865 |  |  |  | 2,031 |  |  |  | 5.72 | % |  |  | 150,399 |  |  |  | 2,146 |  |  |  | 5.79 | %
Interest-bearing deposits |  |  | 125,849 |  |  |  | 162 |  |  |  | 0.52 | % |  |  | 104,104 |  |  |  | 64 |  |  |  | 0.25 | %
Total interest-earning assets |  | $ | 1,132,925 |  |  | $ | 11,375 |  |  |  | 4.04 | % |  | $ | 1,092,481 |  |  | $ | 11,695 |  |  |  | 4.34 | %
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand deposits |  | $ | 558,095 |  |  | $ | 785 |  |  |  | 0.57 | % |  | $ | 523,410 |  |  | $ | 752 |  |  |  | 0.58 | %
Savings deposits |  |  | 91,261 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 0.04 | % |  |  | 83,023 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 0.04 | %
Time deposits |  |  | 189,587 |  |  |  | 274 |  |  |  | 0.58 | % |  |  | 214,875 |  |  |  | 327 |  |  |  | 0.62 | %
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  | $ | 838,943 |  |  | $ | 1,068 |  |  |  | 0.51 | % |  | $ | 821,308 |  |  | $ | 1,087 |  |  |  | 0.54 | %
Net interest income and interest rate spread |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 10,307 |  |  |  | 3.53 | % |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 10,608 |  |  |  | 3.80 | %
Net yield on average interest-earning assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.66 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.94 | %

(1) | Interest on nontaxable loans and securities is computed on a fully taxable equivalent basis using a Federal income tax rate of 35% in the three-month periods presented.

(2) | Included in interest income are loan fees of $103 and $117 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(3) | Nonaccrual loans are included in average balances for yield computations.

(4) | Includes mortgage loans held for sale.

(5) | Daily averages are shown at amortized cost.

(6) | Includes restricted stock.

The following table reconciles net interest income on a fully-taxable equivalent basis to net interest income on a GAAP basis.

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2016 |  |  | 2015 |
Net interest income, fully taxable equivalent basis |  | $ | 10,307 |  |  | $ | 10,608 |
Less: taxable equivalent adjustment |  |  | (891 | ) |  |  | (901 | )
Net interest income |  |  | 9,416 |  |  |  | 9,707 |

The net interest margin decreased 28 basis points for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016, when compared with the three period ended March 31, 2015, respectively. The decrease in interest rate spread was driven by a decline in the yield on earning assets of 30 basis points for the three-month period, offset by a decline in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities of 3 basis points for the three-month period.

The current low interest rate environment combined with high competition for loan business has resulted in lower yields on interest-earning assets. The 26 basis point decline in loan yield for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 compared with the same period ended March 31, 2015 stemmed from contractual repricing terms and the renegotiation of loan interest rates in response to competition. The yield on taxable securities was 36 basis points lower for the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared with the same period in 2015. The yield on nontaxable securities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 declined 7 basis points from the three-month period ended March 31, 2015. The market yield for securities of a comparable term has declined over the past year, causing matured and called bonds to be replaced with lower yielding investments.

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For the three-month period ended March 31, 2016, the decline in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities came from a 4 basis point reduction in the cost of time deposits and a 1 basis point reduction in interest-bearing demand deposits when compared with the three-month period ended March 31, 2015. The Company’s yield on earning assets and cost of funds are largely dependent on the interest rate environment.

Provision and Allowance for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 was $203, compared with $201 for the three months, ended March 31, 2015. The provision for loan losses is the result of a detailed analysis to estimate an adequate allowance for loan losses. The ratio of the allowance for loan losses to total loans at March 31, 2016 was 1.33%, which compares to 1.34% at December 31, 2015. The net charge-off ratio was 0.26% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 0.32% for the year ended December 31, 2015. See “Asset Quality” for additional information.

Noninterest Income

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |
|  | March 31, 2106 |  |  | March 31, 2015 |  |  | Percent Change |
Service charges on deposits |  | $ | 560 |  |  | $ | 535 |  |  |  | 4.67 | %
Other service charges and fees |  |  | 72 |  |  |  | 71 |  |  |  | 1.41 | %
Credit card fees |  |  | 870 |  |  |  | 895 |  |  |  | (2.79 | )%
Trust fees |  |  | 323 |  |  |  | 289 |  |  |  | 11.76 | %
BOLI income |  |  | 147 |  |  |  | 149 |  |  |  | (1.34 | )%
Other income |  |  | 345 |  |  |  | 314 |  |  |  | 9.87 | %
Realized securities gains (losses), net |  |  | 24 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | NM | (1)

(1) Change is not meaningful due to the small levels at March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015.

Service charges on deposit accounts and other service charges and fees increased when the three month period ended March 31, 2016 is compared with the same period in 2015. Other service charges and fees includes charges for official checks, income from the sale of checks to customers, safe deposit box rent, fees for letters of credit and the income earned from commissions on the sale of credit life, accident and health insurance. Service charges on deposits and other service charges and fees are subject to normal business fluctuation and are not due to changes in fee structure.

Credit card fees for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 decreased $25 or 2.79% when compared with the same period last year. The decline is the result of normal fluctuation.

Income from trust fees increased $34 or 11.76% for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with the three months ended March 31, 2015. Trust income varies depending on the total assets held in trust accounts, the type of accounts under management and financial market conditions.

BOLI income decreased slightly for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015.

Other income includes fees on the sale of secondary-market mortgages, net gains from the sales of fixed assets, revenue from investment and insurance sales and other smaller miscellaneous components. Other income for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 increased $31, when compared with the same period ended March 31, 2015. Fees on the sale of secondary-market mortgages contributed $8 of the $31 increase. Other income in 2016 also benefited from a vendor signing incentive. These areas fluctuate with market conditions and because of competitive factors.

Net realized securities gains for the three months ended March 31, 2016 were $24, compared with a loss of $2 for the same period in 2015. Net realized securities gains and losses are market driven and have resulted from calls and sales of securities.

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Noninterest Expense

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
|  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | March 31, 2015 |  |  |  | Percent Change |
Salaries and employee benefits |  | $ | 3,568 |  |  | $ | 3,051 |  |  |  |  | 16.95 | %
Occupancy, furniture and fixtures |  |  | 477 |  |  |  | 449 |  |  |  |  | 6.24 | %
Data processing and ATM |  |  | 411 |  |  |  | 435 |  |  |  |  | (5.52 | )%
FDIC assessment |  |  | 141 |  |  |  | 135 |  |  |  |  | 4.44 | %
Credit card processing |  |  | 622 |  |  |  | 610 |  |  |  |  | 1.97 | %
Intangibles amortization |  |  | 110 |  |  |  | 269 |  |  |  |  | (59.11 | )%
Net costs of other real estate owned |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | 464 |  |  |  |  | (85.13 | )%
Franchise taxes |  |  | 331 |  |  |  | 308 |  |  |  |  | 7.47 | %
Other operating expenses |  |  | 955 |  |  |  | 959 |  |  |  |  | (0.42 | )%

Total noninterest expense increased $4 or 0.06% when the three months ended March 31, 2016 are compared to the same period of 2015. For the three-month period ended March 31, 2016, salaries and employee benefits rose $517 or 16.95% when compared with the three-month period ended March 31, 2015. The increase was due to greater pension expenses, health insurance reserve accrual and staffing decisions.

Intangible assets amortization declined $159 or 59.11%. Core deposit intangibles are the result of prior merger and acquisition activity and are amortized over a period of years. Some of the Company’s core deposit intangibles became fully amortized in the latter part of 2015. Please refer to the company’s 2015 10-K, Footnote 18 Intangible Assets and Goodwill for information on the Company’s core deposit intangibles.

The cost of other real estate owned includes maintenance costs as well as valuation write-downs and gains and losses on the sale of properties. The expense varies with the number of properties, the maintenance required and changes in the real estate market. Net costs of OREO declined $395 or 85.13% when the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are compared. During the first quarter of 2015, the Company recognized a write-down on an OREO property resulting from a decline in appraised value. The Company recognizes OREO properties at the lower of cost or fair market value and periodically obtains appraisals to determine market value.

Occupancy, furniture and fixtures increased $28 or 6.24% as the result of normal business expenditures. Credit card processing expense increased $12 or 1.97%. Credit card processing costs are driven by volume and other factors and are subject to a degree of variability.

Data processing and ATM expenses declined $24 or 5.52% and other operating expenses declined $4 or 0.42%. The category of other operating expenses includes noninterest expense items such as professional services, stationery and supplies, telephone costs, postage, charitable donations and other expenses. The changes in data processing and ATM expenses and other operating expenses were the result of normal business operations.

Franchise tax expense increased $23 or 7.47% for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with the same period of 2015. Franchise tax is based on capital levels of the subsidiary bank.

FDIC assessment expense for the three months ended March 31, 2016 increased $6 or 4.44% when compared with the same period of 2015. The calculation is based on total assets and incorporates risk-based factors to determine the amount of the assessment.

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Balance Sheet

Year-to-date daily averages for the major balance sheet categories are as follows:

Assets |  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | December 31, 20 15 |  |  | Percent Change |
Interest-bearing deposits |  | $ | 125,849 |  |  | $ | 96,677 |  |  |  | 30.17 | %
Securities available for sale and restricted stock |  |  | 246,286 |  |  |  | 224,058 |  |  |  | 9.92 | %
Securities held to maturity |  |  | 149,202 |  |  |  | 155,747 |  |  |  | (4.20 | )%
Loans, net |  |  | 601,557 |  |  |  | 611,554 |  |  |  | (1.63 | )%
Total assets |  |  | 1,188,462 |  |  |  | 1,155,594 |  |  |  | 2.84 | %
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits |  | $ | 164,193 |  |  | $ | 159,829 |  |  |  | 2.73 | %
Interest-bearing demand deposits |  |  | 558,095 |  |  |  | 526,682 |  |  |  | 5.96 | %
Savings deposits |  |  | 91,261 |  |  |  | 85,940 |  |  |  | 6.19 | %
Time deposits |  |  | 189,587 |  |  |  | 204,146 |  |  |  | (7.13 | )%
Stockholders’ equity |  |  | 175,991 |  |  |  | 171,732 |  |  |  | 2.48 | %

Securities

Management regularly monitors the quality of the securities portfolio, and management closely follows the uncertainty in the economy and the volatility of financial markets. The value of individual securities will be written down if the decline in fair value is considered to be other than temporary based upon the totality of circumstances. See Note 5: Securities for additional information.

Loans

|  | March 31, 2106 |  |  | December 31, 20 15 |  |  | Percent Change
Real estate construction loans |  | $ | 39,193 |  |  | $ | 48,251 |  |  |  | (18.77 | )%
Consumer real estate loans |  |  | 144,268 |  |  |  | 143,504 |  |  |  | 0.53 | %
Commercial real estate loans |  |  | 310,637 |  |  |  | 309,378 |  |  |  | 0.41 | %
Commercial non real estate loans |  |  | 33,682 |  |  |  | 37,571 |  |  |  | (10.35 | )%
Public sector and IDA |  |  | 50,777 |  |  |  | 51,335 |  |  |  | (1.09 | )%
Consumer non real estate |  |  | 29,933 |  |  |  | 29,845 |  |  |  | 0.29 | %
Less: unearned income and deferred fees |  |  | (847 | ) |  |  | (876 | ) |  |  | (3.31 | )%
Loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees |  | $ | 607,643 |  |  | $ | 619,008 |  |  |  | (1.84 | )%

The Company’s loans net of unearned income and deferred fees decreased by $11,365 or 1.84% from $619,008 at December 31, 2015 to $607,643 at March 31, 2016. The decline stemmed primarily from a decrease in real estate construction loans of $9,058 or 18.77% and a decrease in commercial loans of $3,889 or 10.35%.

The Company does not now, nor has it ever, offered certain types of higher-risk loans such as subprime loans, option ARM products, reverse mortgages or loans with initial teaser rates.

Deposits

|  | March 31, 2016 |  |  | December 31, 20 15 |  |  | Percent Change |
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits |  | $ | 170,207 |  |  | $ | 166,453 |  |  |  | 2.26 | %
Interest-bearing demand deposits |  |  | 570,065 |  |  |  | 569,787 |  |  |  | 0.05 | %
Saving deposits |  |  | 92,944 |  |  |  | 90,236 |  |  |  | 3.00 | %
Time deposits |  |  | 185,296 |  |  |  | 192,383 |  |  |  | (3.68 | )%
Total deposits |  | $ | 1,018,512 |  |  | $ | 1,018,859 |  |  |  | (0.03 | )%

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Total deposits decreased $347 or 0.03% from $1,018,859 at December 31, 2015 to $1,018,512 at March 31, 2016. Increases in noninterest-bearing demand deposits totaled $3,754 and increases in savings deposits totaled $2,708. These increases were offset by a decline in time deposits of $7,087 when March 31, 2016 is compared with December 31, 2015. Historically low rates have caused a migration from time deposits to other types of deposits. As longer-term certificates of deposit mature, customers appear unwilling to commit their funds for extended periods at low interest rates. Time deposits do not include any brokered deposits.

Liquidity

Liquidity measures the Company’s ability to meet its financial commitments at a reasonable cost. Demands on the Company’s liquidity include funding additional loan demand and accepting withdrawals of existing deposits. The Company has diverse sources of liquidity, including customer and purchased deposits, customer repayments of loan principal and interest, sales, calls and maturities of securities, Federal Reserve discount window borrowing, short-term borrowing, and Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances. At March 31, 2016, the bank did not have purchased deposits, discount window borrowings, short-term borrowings, or FHLB advances. To assure that short-term borrowing is readily available, the Company tests accessibility annually.

Liquidity from securities is restricted by accounting and business considerations. The securities portfolio is segregated into available-for-sale and held-to-maturity. The Company considers only securities designated available-for-sale for typical liquidity needs. Further, portions of the securities portfolio are pledged to meet state requirements for public funds deposits. Discount window borrowings also require pledged securities. Increased or decreased liquidity from public funds deposits or discount window borrowings results in increased or decreased liquidity from pledging requirements. The Company monitors public funds pledging requirements and the amount of unpledged available-for-sale securities that are accessible for liquidity needs.

Regulatory capital levels determine the Company’s ability to utilize purchased deposits and the Federal Reserve discount window for liquidity needs. At March 31, 2016, the Company is considered well capitalized and does not have any restrictions on purchased deposits or the Federal Reserve discount window.

The Company monitors factors that may increase its liquidity needs. Some of these factors include deposit trends, large depositor activity, maturing deposit promotions, interest rate sensitivity, maturity and repricing timing gaps between assets and liabilities, the level of unfunded loan commitments and loan growth. At March 31, 2016, the Company’s liquidity is sufficient to meet projected trends in these areas.

To monitor and estimate liquidity levels, the Company performs stress testing under varying assumptions on credit sensitive liabilities. It also tests the sources and amounts of balance sheet and external liquidity available to replace outflows. The Company’s Contingency Funding Plan sets forth avenues for rectifying liquidity shortfalls. At March 31, 2016, the analysis indicated adequate liquidity under the tested scenarios.

The Company utilizes several other strategies to maintain sufficient liquidity. Loan and deposit growth are managed to keep the loan to deposit ratio within the Company’s own policy range of 65% to 75%. At March 31, 2016, the loan to deposit ratio was 59.66%, slightly below the Company’s internal target. The investment strategy takes into consideration the term of the investment, and securities in the available for sale portfolio are laddered to account for projected funding needs.

Capital Resources

Total stockholders’ equity at March 31, 2016 was $179,236, an increase of $7,122 or 4.14%, from the $172,114 at December 31, 2015.

Risk based capital ratios are shown in the following table.

|  | Ratios at March 31, 2016 |  |  | Regulatory Capital Minimum Ratios |  |  | Regulatory Capital Minimum Ratios with Capital Conservative Buffer
Common Equity Tier I Capital Ratio |  |  | 25.25 | % |  |  | 4.50 | % |  |  | 5.125 | %
Tier I Capital Ratio |  |  | 25.25 | % |  |  | 6.00 | % |  |  | 6.625 | %
Total Capital Ratio |  |  | 26.39 | % |  |  | 8.00 | % |  |  | 8.625 | %
Leverage Ratio |  |  | 15.19 | % |  |  | 4.00 | % |  |  | 4.00 | %

Risk-based capital ratios are calculated in compliance with Federal Reserve rules based on Basel III capital requirements. The Company’s ratios are well above the required minimums at March 31, 2016.

Beginning January 1, 2016, a capital conservation buffer of .625% became effective. The capital conservation buffer will be gradually increased through January 1, 2019 to 2.5%. Banks will be required to maintain capital levels that meet the required minimum plus the capital conservation buffer in order to make distributions or discretionary bonus payments.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of business, NBB extends lines of credit and letters of credit to its customers. Depending on their needs, customers may draw upon lines of credit at any time in any amount up to a pre-approved limit. Standby letters of credit are issued for two purposes. Financial letters of credit guarantee payments to facilitate customer purchases. Performance letters of credit guarantee payment if the customer fails to complete a specific obligation.

Historically, the full approved amount of letters and lines of credit has not been drawn at any one time. The Company has developed plans to meet a sudden and substantial funding demand. These plans include accessing a line of credit with a correspondent bank, borrowing from the FHLB, selling available for sale investments or loans and raising additional deposits.

The Company sells mortgages on the secondary market for which there are recourse agreements should the borrower default. Mortgages must meet strict underwriting and documentation requirements for the sale to be completed. The Company has determined that its risk in this area is not significant because of a low volume of secondary market mortgage loans and high underwriting standards. The Company estimates a potential loss reserve for recourse provisions that is not material as of March 31, 2016. To date, no recourse provisions have been invoked. If funds were needed, the Company would access the same sources as noted above for funding lines and letters of credit.

There were no material changes in off-balance sheet arrangements during the three months ended March 31, 2016, except for normal seasonal fluctuations in the total of mortgage loan commitments.

Contractual Obligations

The Company had no capital lease or purchase obligations and no long-term debt at March 31, 2016. Operating lease obligations, which are for buildings used in the Company’s day-to-day operations, were not material at the end of the three months of 2016 and have not changed materially from those which were disclosed in the Company’s 2015 Form 10-K.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company considers interest rate risk to be a significant market risk and has systems in place to measure the exposure of net interest income to adverse movement in interest rates. Interest rate shock analyses provide management with an indication of potential economic loss due to future rate changes. There have not been any changes which would significantly alter the results disclosed as of December 31, 2015 in the Company’s 2015 Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of March 31, 2016 to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, the Company believes that no system of controls, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide absolute assurance that all control issues have been detected.

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Part II

Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

There are no pending or threatened legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which the property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject that, in the opinion of management, may materially impact the financial condition of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Please refer to the “Risk Factors” previously disclosed in Item 1A of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K and the factors discussed under “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in Part I. Item 2 of this Form 10-Q.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults U pon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

See Index of Exhibits.

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

NATIONAL BANKSHARES, INC.

Date: May 9, 2016 | /s/ James G. Rakes
| James G. Rakes Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: May 9, 2016 | /s/ David K. Skeens
| David K. Skeens Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) (Principal Accounting Officer)

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Index of Exhibits

Exhibit No. | Description | Page No. in Sequential System
3(i) | Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of National Bankshares, Inc. | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Form 8K for filed on March 16, 2006)
3(ii) | Amended By-laws of National Bankshares, Inc. | (incorporated herein by reference to the Form 8-K filed on July 9, 2014)
4(i) | Specimen copy of certificate for National Bankshares, Inc. common stock | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4(a) of the Annual Report on Form 10K for fiscal year ended December 31, 1993)
*10(i) | National Bankshares, Inc. 1999 Stock Option Plan | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the Form S-8, filed as Registration No. 333-79979 with the Commission on September 4, 1999)
*10(ii) | Executive Employment Agreement dated March 11, 2015, between National Bankshares, Inc. and James G. Rakes | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8K filed on March 11, 2015)
*10(iii) | Employee Lease Agreement dated August 14, 2002, between National Bankshares, Inc. and The National Bank of Blacksburg | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10 of Form 10Q for the period ended September 30, 2002)
*10(iv) | Executive Employment Agreement dated March 11, 2015, between National Bankshares, Inc. and F. Brad Denardo | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Form 8K filed on March 11, 2015)
*10(v) | Salary Continuation Agreement dated February 8, 2006, between The National Bank of Blacksburg and James G. Rakes | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99 of the Form 8K filed on February 8, 2006)
*10(vi) | Salary Continuation Agreement dated February 8, 2006, between The National Bank of Blacksburg and F. Brad Denardo | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Form 8K filed on February 8, 2006)
*10(vii) | Salary Continuation Agreement dated February 8, 2006, between The National Bank of Blacksburg and David K. Skeens | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Form 8K filed on January 25, 2012)
*10(viii) | First Amendment, dated December 19, 2007, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for James G. Rakes | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Form 8K filed on December 19, 2007)
*10(ix) | First Amendment, dated December 19, 2007, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for F. Brad Denardo | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Form 8K filed on December 19, 2007)
*10(x) | First Amendment, dated December 19, 2007, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for David K. Skeens | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Form 8K filed on January 25, 2012)
*10(xi) | Second Amendment, dated June 12, 2008, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for F. Brad Denardo | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10 of the Form 8K filed on June 12, 2008)

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*10(xiii) | Second Amendment, dated June 12, 2008, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for David K. Skeens | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Form 8K filed on January 25, 2012)
*10(xii) | Second Amendment, dated December 17, 2008, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for James G. Rakes | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008)
*10(xiv) | Third Amendment, dated December 17, 2008, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for F. Brad Denardo | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008)
*10(xv) | Third Amendment, dated January 20, 2012, to The National Bank of Blacksburg Salary Continuation Agreement for David K. Skeens | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Form 8K filed on January 25, 2012)
*10(xvi) | Salary Continuation Agreement dated January 20, 2012 between The National Bank of Blacksburg and Bryson J. Hunter | (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(iii)(A) of the Form 8K filed on January 25, 2012)
31(i) | Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer | (included herewith)
31(ii) | Section 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer | (included herewith)
32(i) | 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer | (included herewith)
32(ii) | 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer | (included herewith)
101 | The following materials from National Bankshares, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016 are formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language), furnished herewith: (i) Consolidated Statements of Income for the three month period ended March 31, 2016 and 2015; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015; (iii)Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015; (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015; and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |

* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.

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