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Income Taxes
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
Components of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):
202320222021
Current:
Federal$26 $(18)$(388)
Foreign2,835 5,896 4,979 
State and local88 (27)24 
2,949 5,851 4,615 
Deferred:
Federal2,844 (3,533)(208)
Foreign(451)80 (167)
State and local80 (16)8 
2,473 (3,469)(367)
Provision for income taxes$5,422 $2,382 $4,248 
A reconciliation of the income tax provision based on the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's income tax provision for the years ended December 31 is as follows (in thousands):
202320222021
Provision at United States federal statutory rate$5,407 $3,063 $1,870 
U.S. federal valuation allowance— (2,363)1,706 
U.S. state and local valuation allowance379 349 269 
Net operating loss carryback at 34% tax rate
— — (137)
Effect of foreign taxes143 1,519 996 
State and local tax expense(385)(391)(237)
Other(122)205 (219)
Provision for income taxes$5,422 $2,382 $4,248 
At December 31, 2023, a provision has not been made for U.S. taxes on accumulated undistributed earnings of approximately $32,622,000 and $19,153,000 of the Company's Canadian and Mexican subsidiaries, respectively, that would become payable upon repatriation to the United States. At December 31, 2022, a provision has not been made for U.S. taxes on accumulated undistributed earnings of approximately $28,100,000 and $16,479,000 of the Company's Canadian and Mexican subsidiaries, respectively, that would become payable upon repatriation to the United States. It is the intention of the Company to reinvest all such earnings in operations and facilities outside of the United States. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of deferred tax liability related to investments in these foreign subsidiaries.
The Company evaluates the balance of deferred tax assets that will be realized based on the premise that the Company is more likely than not to realize deferred tax benefits through the generation of future taxable income. Management makes assumptions, judgments, and estimates to determine our current and deferred tax provision and also the deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company evaluates provisions and deferred tax assets quarterly to determine if adjustments to our valuation allowance are required based on the consideration of all available evidence.
As of December 31, 2023 the Company had a net deferred tax asset of $1,595,000 related to tax positions in Mexico and deferred tax liabilities of $1,182,000 and $43,000 related to tax positions in the United States and Canada. Deferred tax assets are included in "Other non-current assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and deferred tax liabilities are included in "Other non-current liabilities" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had a valuation allowance of $1,530,000 against the deferred tax asset related to local tax positions in the United States, due to cumulative losses over the last three years and uncertainty related to the Company’s ability to realize the deferred assets. The Company believes that the deferred tax assets associated with the Mexican tax jurisdictions are more-likely-than-not to be realizable based on estimates of future taxable income.
As of December 31, 2022 the Company had net deferred tax assets of $163,000, $893,000 and $2,406,000 related to tax positions in Canada, Mexico and the United States, respectively. Deferred tax assets are included in "Other non-current assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During 2022, the Company reversed $2,363,000 of its valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to federal tax positions in the United States, due to tax planning strategies. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had a valuation allowance of $1,154,000 against the deferred tax asset related to local tax positions in the United States, due to cumulative losses over the last three years and uncertainty related to the Company’s ability to realize the deferred assets. The Company believes that the deferred tax assets associated with the Canadian and Mexican tax jurisdictions are more-likely-than-not to be realizable based on estimates of future taxable income.
Deferred tax assets consist of the following at December 31:
20232022
U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards$442 $2,276 
U.S. state and local operating loss carryforwards1,553 1,123 
Interest limitation carryforwards1,162 1,734 
Accrued liabilities595 626 
Accounts receivable32 44 
Inventory211 215 
Property, plant, and equipment(6,065)(5,111)
Post retirement benefits1,024 1,629 
Goodwill and finite-lived assets, net2,151 1,662 
Other, net795 418 
Total deferred tax asset1,900 4,616 
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets(1,530)(1,154)
Total deferred tax asset (liability), net$370 $3,462 
At December 31, 2023, the Company's estimated net operating loss carryforwards and interest limitation carryforwards in the United States federal tax jurisdiction were $2,100,000 and $4,945,000, respectively. At December 31, 2022, the Company's estimated net operating loss carryforwards and interest limitation carryforwards in the United States federal tax jurisdiction were $10,836,000 and $7,883,000, respectively. Both carryforwards do not expire. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no net operating loss carryforwards in Canada or Mexico or jurisdictions.
At December 31, 2023 and 2022 the Company had no liability for unrecognized tax benefits under guidance relating to tax uncertainties. The Company does not anticipate that the unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change within the next twelve months.
The Company files income tax returns in the United States, Mexico, Canada and various state and local jurisdictions. The Company is subject to federal income tax examinations for tax years 2014 through 2017 but the scope of examination is limited to adjustments resulting from Net Operating Loss carry back claims from the 2019, and 2020 tax years. The Company is subject to federal income tax examinations for years 2020 through 2023 with unlimited scope. The Company is not subject to state examinations for years before 2020. The Company is not subject to Mexican income tax examinations by Mexican authorities for the years before 2018 and is not subject to Canadian income tax examinations by Canadian authorities for the years before 2019.