● Use of Estimates and Assumptions

In presenting the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and related disclosures. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, management reviews these estimates and assumptions using the currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may cause the Company to revise its estimates. The Company bases its estimates on past experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Estimates are used when accounting for items and matters including, but not limited to, revenue recognition, lease liabilities, right-of-use assets, determinations of the useful lives and valuation of long-lived assets, estimates of allowances for credit losses for accounts receivable and promissory notes receivables, estimates of impairment of long-lived assets, and valuation of deferred tax assets.

Foreign Currency Translation And Transaction

● Foreign Currency Translation And Transaction

The Company uses Hong Kong Dollars (“HKD”) as its reporting currency. The functional currency of RRA is Hong Kong Dollar and Roma (S) in Singapore is Singapore dollar, based on the criteria of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 830 Foreign Currency Matters.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currencies are translated into the functional currencies at the prevailing rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Nonmonetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into the applicable functional currencies at historical exchange rates.

In the consolidated financial statements, the financial information of the Company and other entities located outside of Hong Kong has been translated into HKD. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates on the balance sheet date, equity amounts are translated at historical exchange rates, and revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the period.

Translation of amounts from SGD into HKD has been made at the following exchange rates for the followings:

	Years ended March 31,
	2023		2024		2025
	(SGD to HKD)		(SGD to HKD)		(SGD to HKD)

Year-end exchange rate		5.9026		5.7990		5.7890
Annual average exchange rate		5.7090		5.8186		5.8237

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. Translation gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are translated, as the case may be, at the rate on the date of the transaction and included in the results of operations as incurred.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

● Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash in readily available checking and saving accounts. Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash and that mature within three months or less from the date of purchase. The carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturities of these instruments. The Company maintains most of its bank accounts in Hong Kong.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

● Allowance for Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

In accordance with ASC Topic 326 Credit Losses – Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326), the Company utilizes the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model to determine an allowance that reflects its best estimate of the lifetime expected credit losses on accounts receivable and deposit, prepayments, and others receivable which is recorded as a liability to offset the receivables. The CECL model is prepared after considering historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts to estimate lifetime expected credit losses. Accounts receivable and deposit, prepayments, and others receivable are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of receivables previously written off are recorded as a reduction of bad debt expense. The allowance for expected credit losses amounted to approximately HK$0.6 million, HK$0.2 million and HK$0.1 million for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025 respectively.

● Promissory Note Receivables

Promissory note receivables are stated at carrying value and receivable in the next twelve months. Interest income is recognized at a fixed interest rate over the prevailing periods on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

● Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

In accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 360, Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, all long-lived assets such as property and equipment owned and held by the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is evaluated by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to its estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the fair value of the assets. No impairment losses were recognized for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025.

Cost of Revenue

● Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue comprised of staff costs that are directly attributable to the rendering of the ESG and sustainability related advisory service, third party consulting services expenses and compensation expenses for the Company’s professionals.

Deferred Offering Costs

● Deferred Offering Costs

Deferred offering costs, which consist of legal and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the proposed public offering, are capitalized, and will be charged against the gross proceeds of the offering and recorded as reduction of shareholders’ equity upon the completion of the proposed offering. Should the proposed public offering prove to be unsuccessful, these deferred costs, as well as additional expenses incurred, will be charged to the statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Income Taxes

● Income Taxes

Income taxes are determined in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Any effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how companies should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in their financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740, tax positions must initially be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Such tax positions must initially and subsequently be measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority assuming full knowledge of the position and relevant facts.

For the years ended March 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025, the Company did not have any interest and penalties associated with tax positions. As of March 31, 2024 and 2025, the Company did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions.

The Company is subject to tax in local and foreign jurisdictions. As a result of its business activities, the Company files tax returns that are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities.

Earnings per Share

● Earnings per Share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. During the years ended March 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025, there were no dilutive shares.

Segment Reporting

● Segment Reporting

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 280, Segment Reporting establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in consolidated financial statements for details on the Company’s business segments.

The Company uses the management approach to determine reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), Mr. Luk Huen Ling Claire (a chief executive officer of the Company), for making decisions, allocating resources and assessing performance, as the following reportable segments.

Based on the management’s assessment, for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025, the Company has one reporting business segment in Hong Kong and Singapore as defined by ASC 280.

Commitments And Contingencies

● Commitments And Contingencies

The Company follows the ASC Topic 450-20, Commitments to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or un-asserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or un-asserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.

ROMA GREEN FINANCE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2023, 2024 AND 2025

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. Management does not believe, based upon information available at this time that these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows.

Liquidity Risk

● Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Company’s policy is to ensure that it has sufficient cash to meet its liabilities when they become due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company’s reputation. A key risk in managing liquidity is the degree of uncertainty in the cash flow projections. If future cash flows are fairly uncertain, the liquidity risk increases.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

● Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The disclosures requirements included in ASU 2023-07 are required for all public entities, including those with a single reportable segment. ASU 2023-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, on a retrospective basis, and early adoption is permitted.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 720): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation and requires disclosure of additional information for reconciling items meeting certain quantitative thresholds, requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, and modifies certain other income tax-related disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and allows for adoption on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of ASU 2023-09 on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-02, Codification Improvements-Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements (“ASU 2024-02”). The amendments in this Update affect a variety of Topics in the Codification. The amendments apply to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance. This update contains amendments to the Codification that remove references to various Concepts Statements. In most instances, the references are extraneous and not required to understand or apply the guidance. In other instances, the references were used in prior statements to provide guidance in certain topical areas. ASU 2024-02 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted for both interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of ASU 2024-02 on its consolidated financial statements.

ROMA GREEN FINANCE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2023, 2024 AND 2025

In March 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-09, Income Taxes (Topic 720): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2025-09”), which prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation and requires disclosure of additional information for reconciling items meeting certain quantitative thresholds, requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, and modifies certain other income tax-related disclosures. ASU 2025-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after March 15, 2024 and allows for adoption on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option. The Company adopted ASU 2025-09 on its consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.

In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2025-07”), which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The disclosures requirements included in ASU 2025-07 are required for all public entities, including those with a single reportable segment. ASU 2025-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after March 15, 2024, on a retrospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2025-07 on its consolidated financial statements.

Except for the above-mentioned pronouncements, there are no new recently issued accounting standards that will have a material impact on the consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations and comprehensive loss and cash flows.