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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
We file a consolidated federal income tax return in the United States and various combined and separate filings in several state and local jurisdictions.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation under the title of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Act"). The Tax Act includes a permanent reduction in our federal corporate income tax rate from 34% to 21%. It also provides more favorable tax deductions associated with capital investments and other significant changes to tax law. The Tax Act became effective upon passage, so our statutory rate for the current fiscal year ending June 30, 2018 is a blended rate of 27.55%. The permanent reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate resulted in a one-time non-cash income tax benefit of approximately $6.0 million related to the adjustment of our liability for deferred income taxes to the lower rate in the Tax Act. The accounting for the effects of the rate change on the Company’s deferred tax balances is complete and no provisional amounts were recorded.

Income taxes are recorded in our financial statements based on our estimated annual effective income tax rate. The effective rates used in the calculation of our income tax expense were approximately 20% and 35% for the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. After adjustment for the $6.0 million discrete benefit resulting from the revaluation of our deferred income tax liabilities, the effective rate for the six months ended December 31, 2017 was a tax benefit of (63)% of income before income taxes.

Our effective tax rate will typically differ from the statutory federal rate as a result of state income taxes, primarily in the State of Louisiana, and differences related to percentage depletion in excess of basis, stock-based compensation and other permanent differences. The effective tax rate for the six months ended December 31, 2017 was significantly lower than the statutory federal rate as a result of percentage depletion in excess of basis and the tax effects of stock-based compensation, partially offset by state income taxes net of the federal benefit. Our quarterly income tax provisions are based on our reasonable estimates of income taxes payable at the end of the year. These estimates and our estimated interim effective tax rates may change significantly as additional financial results and amounts of capital spending become available during the year. In particular, our estimates of the utilization of excess percentage depletion, which is limited to 65% of actual taxable income, are subject to greater fluctuations between interim periods than other components of our tax provision.

There were neither unrecognized tax benefits nor any accrued interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits during any periods presented in the financial statements. We believe we have appropriate support for the income tax positions taken and to be taken on our tax returns and that the accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open years based on our assessment of various factors including past experience and interpretations of tax law applied to the facts of each matter. The Company’s federal and state income tax returns are open to audit under the statute of limitations for the years ended June 30, 2014 through June 30, 2017 for federal tax purposes and for the years ended June 30, 2013 through June 30, 2017 for state tax purposes. To the extent we utilize net operating losses generated in earlier years, such earlier years may also be subject to audit.