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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Peoples Bancorp of North Carolina, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Peoples Bank (the “Bank”), along with the Bank’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Peoples Investment Services, Inc. (“PIS”), Real Estate Advisory Services, Inc. (“REAS”), Community Bank Real Estate Solutions, LLC (“CBRES”) and PB Real Estate Holdings, LLC (collectively called the “Company”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Bank formerly operated three banking offices focused on the Latino population that were operated as a division of the Bank under the name Banco de la Gente (“Banco”). Two of these offices remain open as Bank branches that offer the same banking services offered in the Bank’s other branches such as the taking of deposits and the making of loans.

The consolidated financial statements in this report (other than the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2020) are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (none of which were other than normal accruals other than Correction of an Error noted below) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented have been included. Management has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Company’s accounting policies are fundamental to understanding management’s discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial condition. Many of the Company’s accounting policies require significant judgment regarding valuation of assets and liabilities and/or significant interpretation of the specific accounting guidance. A description of the Company’s significant accounting policies can be found in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report to Shareholders which is Appendix A to the Proxy Statement for the May 6, 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

Correction of an Error

Subsequent to issuance of the Company’s December 31, 2020 Form 10-K, it was identified that the Company’s non-qualified deferred compensation plan had not been properly recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The deferred compensation plan requires all deferral amounts and contributions to be held in a rabbi trust, and the assets held by the trust should be recorded on the Company’s financial statements along with a corresponding liability.

For balances related to mutual fund investments held in the rabbi trust, the accrued interest receivable and other assets, accrued interest payable and other liabilities, total assets, and total liabilities line items on the Consolidated Balance Sheets were adjusted as of December 31, 2020 to reflect the asset and corresponding liability associated with the portion of the rabbi trust held in mutual fund investments. This resulted in an increase to these line items of $1.3 million. Additionally, an adjustment to the presentation of the Company’s shareholders’ equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets has been made to disclose the number of shares of Company stock held by the rabbi trust and the cost basis for those shares, as well as a corresponding liability for the deferred compensation as of December 31, 2020.

On the Consolidated Statements of Earnings, basic earnings per share has been adjusted from $0.78 to $0.80 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and from $1.62 to $1.67 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The impact of the changes in the fair value of the mutual funds held in the rabbi trust and the changes in the deferred compensation liability that were not previously recorded were not considered material to the financial statements. These changes to basic earnings per share are also reflected within Note 4 to the financial statements below.

In addition to the adjustments to the presentation of the Company’s shareholders’ equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, the Company adjusted the presentation of the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for all periods presented to reflect the Company shares held within the rabbi trust, as well as the corresponding deferred compensation associated with these shares.

The Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows were adjusted for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 in order to reflect the changes to other assets and other liabilities made on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

These unaudited interim financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results of the periods presented. The adjustments to correct the error noted above were not considered material to the financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following table provides a summary of ASUs issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) that the Company has recently adopted.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

ASU	Description	Effective Date	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2019-07: Codification Updates to SEC Sections	Guidance updated for various Topics of the ASC to align the guidance in various SEC sections of the ASC with the requirements of certain SEC final rules.	Effective upon issuance	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2018-13: Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)	Updates the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.	January 1, 2020	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2018-18: Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606	Clarifies the interaction between the guidance for certain collaborative arrangements and the new revenue recognition financial accounting and reporting standard.	January 1, 2020	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2018-19: Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements	Provides guidance to address concerns companies had raised about an accounting exception they would lose when assessing the fair value of underlying assets under the leases standard and clarify that lessees and lessors are exempt from a certain interim disclosure requirement associated with adopting the new standard.	January 1, 2020	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2018-14: Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans (Subtopic 715-20)	Updates disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans.	January 1, 2021	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2019-12: Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes	Guidance to simplify accounting for income taxes by removing specific technical exceptions that often produce information investors have a hard time understanding. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance.	January 1, 2021	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

ASU	Description	Effective Date	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2020-01: Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)—Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)	Guidance to clarify the interaction of the accounting for equity securities under Topic 321 and investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323 and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options accounted for under Topic 815.	January 1, 2021	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2021-06: Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205), Financial Services—Depository and Lending (Topic 942), and Financial Services—Investment Companies (Topic 946)	Amends SEC paragraphs in the Accounting Standards Codification to reflect the issuance of SEC Release No. 33-10786, Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses, and No. 33-10835, Update of Statistical Disclosures for Bank and Savings and Loan Registrants.	Effective upon issuance	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2020-02: Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842)—Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (SEC Update)	Guidance to add and amend SEC paragraphs in the Accounting Standards Codification to reflect the issuance of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 related to the new credit losses standard and comments by the SEC staff related to the revised effective date of the new leases standard.	Effective upon issuance	The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

	The following table provides a summary of ASU’s issued by the FASB that the Company has not adopted as of September 30, 2021, which may impact the Company’s financial statements.

	Recently Issued Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted

ASU	Description	Effective Date	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2016-13: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments	Provides guidance to change the accounting for credit losses and modify the impairment model for certain debt securities.	See ASU 2019-10 below.	The Company will apply this guidance through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption. The Company is still evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements. The Company has formed a Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”) committee and implemented a model from a third-party vendor for running CECL calculations. The Company is currently developing CECL model assumptions and comparing results to current allowance for loan loss calculations. The Company plans to run parallel calculations leading up to the effective date of this guidance to ensure it is prepared for implementation by the effective date. In addition to the Company’s allowance for loan losses, it will also record an allowance for credit losses on debt securities instead of applying the impairment model currently utilized. The amount of the adjustments will be impacted by each portfolio’s composition and credit quality at the adoption date as well as economic conditions and forecasts at that time.
ASU 2018-19: Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses	Aligns the implementation date of the topic for annual financial statements of nonpublic companies with the implementation date for their interim financial statements. The guidance also clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of the topic, but rather, should be accounted for in accordance with the leases topic.	See ASU 2019-10 below.	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures. See ASU 2016-13 above.
ASU 2019-04: Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments	Addresses unintended issues accountants flagged when implementing ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and ASU 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.	See ASU 2019-10 below.	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures. See ASU 2016-13 above.
ASU 2019-05: Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief	Guidance to provide entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.	See ASU 2019-10 below.	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures. See ASU 2016-13 above.
ASU 2019-10: Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates	Guidance to defer the effective dates for private companies, not-for-profit organizations, and certain smaller reporting companies applying standards on current expected credit losses (CECL), leases and hedging.	January 1, 2023	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2019-11: Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses	Guidance that addresses issues raised by stakeholders during the implementation of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments affect a variety of Topics in the ASC.	January 1, 2023	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

ASU	Description	Effective Date	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2020-03: Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments	Guidance to clarify that the contractual term of a net investment in a lease, determined in accordance with the leases standard, should be the contractual term used to measure expected credit losses under ASC 326.	January 1, 2023	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2020-04: Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting	Guidance that provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The ASU is intended to help stakeholders during the global market-wide reference rate transition period. Therefore, it will be in effect for a limited time through December 31, 2022.	March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2020-06: Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity	Guidance to improve financial reporting associated with accounting for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity.	January 1, 2022	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.
ASU 2021-05: Leases (Topic 842): Lessors—Certain Leases with Variable Lease Payments, which requires a lessor to classify a lease with variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or rate	Updated guidance that requires a lessor to classify a lease with variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or rate as an operating lease at lease commencement if certain conditions are met	January 1, 2022	The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in the 2020 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2021 presentation. These reclassifications did not have any impact on shareholders’ equity or net earnings.