<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>item85b074.txt
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Item 85B

Additional Information About Errors and Omissions Policy

While no claims with respect to the Registrant/Series were filed
under such policy during the period, requests under such policy
for reimbursement of legal expenses and costs arising out of
claims of market timing activity in the Putnam Funds have been
submitted by the investment manager of the Registrant/Series.


Item 77Q3
On September 26, 2008, the fund entered into an Agreement with
another registered investment company (each a Seller) managed by
Putnam Management. Under the Agreement, the Seller sold to the
fund the right to receive, in the aggregate, $655,833 in net
payments from Lehman Brothers Special Financing, Inc. in
connection with certain terminated derivatives transactions (the
Receivable), in exchange for an initial payment plus (or minus)
additional amounts based on the funds ultimate realized gain (or
loss) with respect to the Receivable.  The Receivable will be
offset against the funds net payable to Lehman Brothers Special
Financing, Inc. The Agreement, which is included in the Statement
of assets and liabilities, is valued at fair value following
procedures approved by the Trustees. All remaining payments under
the Agreement will be recorded as realized gain or loss.




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