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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities      
Net loss $ (1,458) $ (6,221) $ (9,605)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Print textbook depreciation expense 10,859 15,397 0
Other depreciation and amortization expense 63,274 47,018 30,247
Share-based compensation expense 108,846 84,055 64,909
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs 5,922 64,573 43,202
Repayment of convertible senior notes attributable to debt discount 0 (20,433) 0
Loss on early extinguishments of debt 78,152 4,286 0
Loss on change in fair value of derivative instruments, net 7,148 0 0
Loss from write-offs of property and equipment 2,115 1,211 1,009
Loss from impairment of strategic equity investment 0 10,000 0
Gain on sale of strategic equity investments (12,496) 0 0
Loss (gain) on textbook library, net 10,956 (1,453) 0
Operating lease expense, net of accretion 5,994 4,901 4,385
Other non-cash items (973) (227) (455)
Change in assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisition of businesses:      
Accounts receivable (5,004) (400) 1,829
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (21,854) 5,419 (12,930)
Other assets 16,387 (4,214) (1,494)
Accounts payable 3,241 1,119 (2,395)
Deferred revenue 2,523 12,918 (1,682)
Accrued liabilities 5,199 22,444 (206)
Other liabilities (5,607) (3,951) (3,411)
Net cash provided by operating activities 273,224 236,442 113,403
Cash flows from investing activities      
Purchases of property and equipment (94,180) (81,317) (42,326)
Purchases of textbooks (10,931) (58,567) 0
Proceeds from disposition of textbooks 8,714 7,569 0
Purchases of investments (1,688,384) (1,045,564) (959,911)
Proceeds from sale of investments 206,041 0 53,261
Maturities of investments 1,204,787 539,889 324,700
Proceeds from sale of strategic equity investments 16,076 0 0
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (7,891) (92,796) (79,149)
Purchase of strategic equity investment 0 (2,000) 0
Net cash used in investing activities (365,768) (732,786) (703,425)
Cash flows from financing activities      
Proceeds from common stock issued under stock plans, net 8,887 15,483 35,100
Payment of taxes related to the net share settlement of equity awards (94,423) (80,680) (94,571)
Proceeds from equity offering, net of offering costs 1,091,466 0 0
Repayment of convertible senior notes (300,762) (303,967) 0
Proceeds from exercise of convertible senior notes capped call 69,005 77,095 0
Payment of escrow related to acquisition (7,451) 0 0
Repurchase of common stock (300,000) 0 (20,000)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net of issuance costs 0 984,096 780,180
Purchase of convertible senior notes capped call 0 (103,400) (97,200)
Net cash provided by financing activities 466,722 588,627 603,509
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 374,178 92,283 13,487
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 481,715 389,432 375,945
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 855,893 481,715 389,432
Supplemental cash flow data:      
Interest 1,053 1,766 1,332
Income taxes, net of refunds 7,388 3,436 2,070
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities, operating cash flows from operating leases 7,772 6,790 5,297
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations, operating leases 0 13,688 3,364
Non-cash investing and financing activities:      
Accrued purchases of long-lived assets 2,982 1,588 10,036
Accrued escrow related to acquisition 0 7,451 0
Issuance of common stock related to repayment of convertible senior notes 235,521 327,141 0
Issuance of common stock related to prior acquisition 0 0 3,003
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:      
Cash and cash equivalents 854,078 479,853 387,520
Restricted cash included in other current assets 0 122 149
Restricted cash included in other assets 1,815 1,740 1,763
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 855,893 $ 481,715 $ 389,432