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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended 36 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities        
Net income (loss) $ 266,638 $ (1,458) $ (6,221)  
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:        
Print textbook depreciation expense 1,610 10,859 15,397  
Other depreciation and amortization expense 89,997 63,274 47,018  
Share-based compensation expense 133,456 108,846 84,055  
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs 5,166 5,922 64,573  
(Gain)/loss on early extinguishments of debt (93,519) 78,152 4,286  
Loss on change in fair value of derivative instruments, net 0 7,148 0  
Repayment of convertible senior notes attributable to debt discount 0 0 (20,433)  
Gain on foreign currency remeasurement of purchase consideration (4,628) 0 0  
Deferred tax assets (168,679) (1,104) (109)  
Loss from write-offs of property and equipment 3,549 2,115 1,211  
(Gain)/loss on textbook library, net (4,976) 10,956 (1,453)  
Operating lease expense, net of accretion 6,327 5,994 4,901  
Realized loss/(gain) on sale of investments 9,675 178 (308)  
Impairment on lease related assets 5,225 0 0  
Gain on sale of strategic equity investments 0 (12,496) 0  
Loss from impairment of strategic equity investment 0 0 10,000  
Other non-cash items 378 (47) 190  
Change in assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisition of businesses:        
Accounts receivable (3,752) (5,004) (400)  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 17,191 (21,854) 5,419  
Other assets 14,563 16,387 (4,214)  
Accounts payable (4,144) 3,241 1,119  
Deferred revenue 7,538 2,523 12,918  
Accrued liabilities (20,111) 5,199 22,444  
Other liabilities (5,768) (5,607) (3,951)  
Net cash provided by operating activities 255,736 273,224 236,442  
Cash flows from investing activities        
Purchases of property and equipment (103,092) (94,180) (81,317)  
Purchases of textbooks (3,815) (10,931) (58,567)  
Proceeds from disposition of textbooks 6,003 8,714 7,569  
Purchases of investments (730,509) (1,688,384) (1,045,564)  
Proceeds from sale of investments 458,489 206,041 0  
Maturities of investments 884,940 1,204,787 539,889  
Proceeds from sale of strategic equity investments 0 16,076 0  
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (401,125) (7,891) (92,796)  
Purchase of strategic equity investment (6,000) 0 (2,000)  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 104,891 (365,768) (732,786)  
Cash flows from financing activities        
Proceeds from common stock issued under stock plans, net 6,477 8,887 15,483  
Payment of taxes related to the net share settlement of equity awards (26,549) (94,423) (80,680)  
Proceeds from equity offering, net of offering costs 0 1,091,466 0  
Repayment of convertible senior notes (401,203) (300,762) (303,967)  
Proceeds from exercise of convertible senior notes capped call 0 69,005 77,095  
Payment of escrow related to acquisition 0 (7,451) 0  
Repurchase of common stock (323,528) (300,000) 0  
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net of issuance costs 0 0 984,096  
Purchase of convertible senior notes capped call 0 0 (103,400)  
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (744,803) 466,722 588,627  
Effect of exchange rate changes 4,137 0 0  
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (380,039) 374,178 92,283  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 855,893 481,715 389,432 $ 389,432
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 475,854 855,893 481,715 475,854
Supplemental cash flow data:        
Interest 875 1,053 1,766  
Income taxes, net of refunds 6,841 7,388 3,436  
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:        
Operating cash flows from operating leases 8,863 7,772 6,790  
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:        
Operating leases 10,232 0 13,688  
Non-cash investing and financing activities:        
Accrued purchases of long-lived assets 4,927 2,982 1,588  
Accrued escrow related to acquisition 0 0 7,451  
Issuance of common stock related to repayment of convertible senior notes 0 235,521 327,141  
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:        
Cash and cash equivalents 473,677 854,078 479,853 473,677
Restricted cash included in other current assets 63 0 122 63
Restricted cash included in other assets 2,114 1,815 1,740 2,114
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 475,854 $ 855,893 $ 481,715 $ 475,854