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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Income Tax Provision | The following table presents our (provision for) benefit from income taxes (in thousands):
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Current income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | (2,460) |  |  | $ | (113) |  |  | $ | — |
State | (3,064) |  |  | (2,172) |  |  | (852) |
Foreign | (33) |  |  | (3,702) |  |  | (7,449) |
Total current provision for income taxes | (5,557) |  |  | (5,987) |  |  | (8,301) |
Deferred income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | (26,210) |  |  | 147,236 |  |  | (250) |
State | (1,634) |  |  | 19,995 |  |  | (218) |
Foreign | 1,269 |  |  | 1,448 |  |  | 1,572 |
Total deferred benefit from income taxes | (26,575) |  |  | 168,679 |  |  | 1,104 |
Total (provision for) benefit from income taxes | $ | (32,132) |  |  | $ | 162,692 |  |  | $ | (7,197) |
Schedule of Income (Loss) before Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes | The following table presents our income before (provision for) benefit from income taxes (in thousands):
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
United States | $ | 61,152 |  |  | $ | 123,269 |  |  | $ | (6,256) |
Foreign | (10,840) |  |  | (19,323) |  |  | 11,995 |
Total income before (provision for) benefit from income taxes | $ | 50,312 |  |  | $ | 103,946 |  |  | $ | 5,739 |
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | The following table presents the differences between our (provision for) benefit from income taxes as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and the income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate as a percentage of income before (provision for) benefit from income taxes (in percentages):
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Income tax at U.S. statutory rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
State, net of federal benefit | 11.6 |  |  | 1.6 |  |  | (232) |
Taxes on foreign earnings | 0.7 |  |  | (1.1) |  |  | 35.5 |
Share-based compensation | 39.3 |  |  | 15.3 |  |  | (209.0) |
Non-deductible expenses | (2.5) |  |  | 1.6 |  |  | 1.5 |
Tax credits | 0.8 |  |  | (0.7) |  |  | (28.3) |
Change in valuation allowance | 4.2 |  |  | (210.5) |  |  | 2,954.3 |
Settlement of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | (8.0) |  |  | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |
Foreign-Derived Intangible Income | (5.2) |  |  | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |
Other | 2.0 |  |  | 1.3 |  |  | 0.5 |
Convertible senior notes | 0.0 |  |  | 15.0 |  |  | (2,435.3) |
Acquisition related | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |  |  | 17.2 |
Total | 63.9 | % |  | (156.5) | % |  | 125.4 | %
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | The following table presents a summary of our deferred tax assets (in thousands):
| December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |
Accrued expenses and reserves | $ | 10,442 |  |  | $ | 7,990 |  |  |
Share-based compensation | 11,200 |  |  | 10,078 |  |  |
Net operating loss and credits carryforwards | 92,302 |  |  | 147,465 |  |  |
Convertible senior notes | 5,566 |  |  | 16,648 |  |  |
Research and experimental expenditures capitalization | 69,362 |  |  | 37,719 |  |  |
Other items | 6,133 |  |  | 6,777 |  |  |
Gross deferred tax assets | 195,005 |  |  | 226,677 |  |  |
Valuation allowance | (40,162) |  |  | (36,122) |  |  |
Total deferred tax assets | $ | 154,843 |  |  | $ | 190,555 |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Property and equipment, textbooks and intangibles assets | $ | (2,621) |  |  | $ | (14,766) |  |  |
Other | (13,134) |  |  | (10,070) |  |  |
Total deferred tax liabilities | $ | (15,755) |  |  | $ | (24,836) |  |  |
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | $ | 139,088 |  |  | $ | 165,719 |  |  |
Schedule of Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | The following table presents the reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding accrued interest and penalties (in thousands):
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Beginning balance | $ | 16,953 |  |  | $ | 16,805 |  |  | $ | 14,654 |
Increase in tax positions for prior years | — |  |  | 333 |  |  | 305 |
Decrease in tax positions for prior years | (131) |  |  | (876) |  |  | (952) |
Decrease in tax positions for prior year settlement | (4,703) |  |  | (386) |  |  | (22) |
Decrease in tax positions for prior years due to statutes lapsing | — |  |  | — |  |  | (426) |
Increase in tax positions for current year | 281 |  |  | 1,520 |  |  | 3,309 |
Change due to translation of foreign currencies | — |  |  | (443) |  |  | (63) |
Ending balance | $ | 12,400 |  |  | $ | 16,953 |  |  | $ | 16,805 |

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