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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

19. Income Taxes —Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, is computed using the estimated effective tax rates applicable to each of the domestic and international taxable jurisdictions for the full year. The Company’s tax rate is subject to management’s quarterly review and revision, as necessary. The Company’s provision for income taxes and effective income tax rate are significantly impacted by the mix of the Company’s domestic and foreign income (loss) before income taxes.

Income tax expense was $885 and $2,963 for the three-month period ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, respectively, and $2,066 and $10,187 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective income tax rate was 158.0% and 30.5% for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and 79.3% and 30.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

For the three-month period ended September 30, 2023, the increase in the effective income tax rate compared to the same period in 2022, is primarily attributable to an increase in losses incurred at certain entities which did not result in a benefit for income tax purposes as these entities continue to maintain a valuation allowance against their net deferred tax assets.

Additionally, for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023, the increase in the effective income tax rate compared to the same period in 2022, is due to withholding tax charges ( net of income tax credits) associated with interest on certain intercompany loans and the establishment of liabilities for uncertain tax positions in certain jurisdictions. The increase in the effective income tax rate is partially offset by a benefit from the remeasurement of certain U.S. federal and state deferred taxes.

It is expected that $1,814 of unrecognized tax benefits will be released within the next twelve months due to expiration of the statute of limitations.