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NATURE OF OPERATIONS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Nature of Operations | Nature of Operations Duos Technologies Group, Inc. (the “Company”), through its operating subsidiaries, Duos Technologies, Inc. (“Duos”) and TrueVue360, Inc. (“TrueVue360”) (collectively the “Company”), develops and deploys vision based analytical technology solutions that will help to transform precision railroading, logistics and inter-modal transportation operations. Additionally, these unique patented solutions can be employed into many other industries. The Company has developed the Railcar Inspection Portal (RIP) that provides both freight and transit railroad customers and select government agencies the ability to conduct fully automated inspections of trains while they are in transit. The system, which incorporates a variety of sophisticated optical technologies, illumination and other sensors, scans each passing railcar to create an extremely high-resolution image set from a variety of angles including the undercarriage. These images are then processed through various methods of artificial intelligence (“AI”) algorithms to identify specific defects and/or areas of interest on each railcar. This is all accomplished within minutes of a railcar passing through our portal. This solution has the potential to transform the railroad industry by increasing safety, improving efficiency and reducing costs. The Company has successfully deployed this system with several Class 1 railroad customers and anticipates an increased demand in the future. Government agencies can conduct digital inspections combined with the incorporated AI to improve rail traffic flow across borders which also directly benefits the Class 1 railroads through increasing their velocity. The Company has also developed the Automated Logistics Information System (ALIS) which automates and reduces/removes personnel from gatehouses where trucks enter and exit large logistics and intermodal facilities. This solution also incorporates sensors and data points as necessary for each operation and directly interconnects with backend logistics databases and processes to streamline operations and significantly improve operations and security and importantly dramatically improves the vehicle throughput on each lane on which the technology is deployed. The Company has built a portfolio of IP and patented solutions that creates “actionable intelligence” using two core native platforms called Centraco® and Praesidium™. All solutions provided include a variant of both applications. Centraco is designed primarily as the user interface to all our systems as well as the backend connection to third-party applications and databases through both Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and Software Development Kits (SDKs). This interface is browser based and hosted within each one of our systems and solutions. It is typically also customized for each unique customer and application. Praesidium typically resides as middleware in our systems and manages the various image capture devices and some sensors for input into the Centraco software. The Company also developed a proprietary Artificial Intelligence (AI) software platform, Truevue360™ with the objective of focusing the Company’s advanced intelligent technologies in the areas of AI, deep machine learning and advanced multi-layered algorithms to further support our solutions. Through September 30, 2021, the Company also provided professional and consulting services for large data centers and had developed a system for the automation of asset information marketed as DcVue™. The Company had deployed its DcVue software at one beta site. This software was used by Duos’ consulting auditing teams. DcVue was based upon the Company’s OSPI patent which was awarded in 2010. The Company offered DcVue available for license to our customers as a licensed software product. (see Note 10) The Company’s strategy is to deliver operational and technical excellence to our customers, expand our RIP and ALIS solutions into current and new customers focused in the Rail, Logistics and U.S. Government Sectors, offer both CAPEX and OPEX pricing models to customers that increases recurring revenue, grows backlog and improves profitability, responsibly grow the business both organically and through selective acquisitions, and promote a performance-based work force where employees enjoy their work and are incentivized to excel and remain with the Company.
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (all of which are of a normal recurring nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021 or for any other future period. These unaudited consolidated financial statements and the unaudited condensed notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 30, 2021.
Principles of Consolidation | Reclassifications The Company reclassified certain revenues and expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 to conform to 2021 classification. There was no net effect on the total expenses of such reclassification. The following tables reflect the reclassification adjustment effect in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Schedule of Reclassifications |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Before Reclassification |  |  |  |  | After Reclassification |
|  | For the |  |  |  |  | For the |
|  | Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended |
|  | September 30, |  |  |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  |  |  | 2020 |
REVENUES: |  |  |  |  |  | REVENUES: |  |  |  |
Technology systems |  | $ | 672,951 |  |  | Technology systems |  | $ | 729,231 |
Technical support |  |  | 502,502 |  |  | Services and consulting |  |  | 552,718 |
Consulting services |  |  | 50,216 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
AI technologies |  |  | 56,280 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Revenue |  |  | 1,281,949 |  |  | Total Revenue |  |  | 1,281,949 |
COST OF REVENUES: |  |  |  |  |  | COST OF REVENUES: |  |  |  |
Technology systems |  |  | 601,814 |  |  | Technology systems |  |  | 976,121 |
Technical support |  |  | 333,721 |  |  | Services and consulting |  |  | 319,334 |
Consulting services |  |  | 12,301 |  |  | Overhead |  |  | 233,597 |
AI technologies |  |  | 39,182 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Cost of Revenues |  |  | 987,018 |  |  | Total Cost of Revenues |  |  | 1,529,052 |
GROSS MARGIN |  |  | 294,931 |  |  | GROSS MARGIN |  |  | (247,103 | )
OPERATING EXPENSES: |  |  |  |  |  | OPERATING EXPENSES: |  |  |  |
Sales and marketing |  |  | 173,197 |  |  | Sales and marketing |  |  | 173,197 |
Engineering |  |  | 280,897 |  |  | Research and development |  |  | 21,583 |
Research and development |  |  | 215,831 |  |  | Administration |  |  | 2,264,960 |
Administration |  |  | 1,991,408 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
AI technologies |  |  | 340,441 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Operating Expenses |  |  | 3,001,774 |  |  | Total Operating Expenses |  |  | 2,459,740 |
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS |  | $ | (2,706,843 | ) |  | LOSS FROM OPERATIONS |  | $ | (2,706,843 | )
|  | Before Reclassification |  |  |  |  | After Reclassification |
|  | For the |  |  |  |  | For the |
|  | Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, |  |  |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  |  |  | 2020 |
REVENUES: |  |  |  |  |  | REVENUES: |  |  |  |
Technology systems | $ |  | 2,606,034 |  |  | Technology systems |  | $ | 2,840,538 |
Technical support |  |  | 1,229,813 |  |  | Services and consulting |  |  | 1,414,498 |
Consulting services |  |  | 184,685 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
AI technologies |  |  | 234,504 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Revenue |  |  | 4,255,036 |  |  | Total Revenue |  |  | 4,255,036 |
COST OF REVENUES: |  |  |  |  |  | COST OF REVENUES: |  |  |  |
Technology systems |  |  | 2,080,872 |  |  | Technology systems |  |  | 3,390,211 |
Technical support |  |  | 802,751 |  |  | Services and consulting |  |  | 827,532 |
Consulting services |  |  | 84,561 |  |  | Overhead |  |  | 752,421 |
AI technologies |  |  | 149,681 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Cost of Revenues |  |  | 3,117,865 |  |  | Total Cost of Revenues |  |  | 4,970,164 |
GROSS MARGIN |  |  | 1,137,171 |  |  | GROSS MARGIN |  |  | (715,128) |
OPERATING EXPENSES: |  |  |  |  |  | OPERATING EXPENSES: |  |  |  |
Sales and marketing |  |  | 435,522 |  |  | Sales and marketing |  |  | 435,522 |
Engineering |  |  | 946,303 |  |  | Research and development |  |  | 77,179 |
Research and development |  |  | 771,789 |  |  | Administration |  |  | 4,993,985 |
Administration |  |  | 4,030,906 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
AI technologies |  |  | 1,174,465 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Operating Expenses |  |  | 7,358,985 |  |  | Total Operating Expenses |  |  | 5,506,686 |
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS |  | $ | (6,221,814 | ) |  | LOSS FROM OPERATIONS |  | $ | (6,221,814 | )
Principles of Consolidation The unaudited consolidated financial statements include Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Duos Technologies, Inc. and TrueVue360, Inc. All inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The most significant estimates in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the allowance on accounts receivable, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of intangible and other long-lived assets, estimates of net contract revenues and the total estimated costs to determine progress towards contract completion, valuation of derivatives, valuation of warrants issued with debt, valuation of beneficial conversion features in convertible debt, estimates of the valuation of right of use assets and corresponding lease liabilities and valuation of stock-based awards. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Concentrations | Concentrations Cash Concentrations Cash is maintained at financial institutions and at times, balances may exceed federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses related to these balances. As of September 30, 2021, the balance in one financial institution exceeded federally insured limits by approximately $1,603,300. Significant Customers and Concentration of Credit Risk The Company had certain customers whose revenue individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue, or whose accounts receivable balances individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable, as follows: For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, one customer accounted for 79% (“Customer 2”) of revenues. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, three customers accounted for 42% (“Customer 1”), 20% (“Customer 2”) and 11% (“Customer 3”) of revenues. The Company’s strategy going forward is to add additional customers and to diversify offerings to reduce the current concentration risk. In all cases, there is no minimum contract value stated. Each contract covers an agreement to deliver a rail inspection portal which, once accepted, must be paid in full with 30% or more being due and payable prior to delivery. The balances of the contracts are for service and maintenance which is paid annually in advance with revenues recorded ratably over the contract period. Each of the customers referenced has the following termination provisions:
| · | Customer 1, termination can be made, prior to delivery of products or services, in the case where either party breaches any of its obligations under the agreement between the parties. The other party may terminate the agreement effective 15 Business Days following notice from the non-defaulting party, if the non-performance has not been cured within such period, and without prejudice to damages that could be claimed by the non-defaulting party. Either party may terminate the agreement if the other party becomes unable to pay its debts in the ordinary course of business; goes into liquidation (other than for the purpose of a genuine amalgamation or restructuring); has a receiver appointed over all or part of its assets; enters into a composition or voluntary arrangement with its creditors; or any similar event occurs in any jurisdiction, all to the extent permitted by law.
| · | For Customer 2, prior to delivery of products or services, either party may terminate the agreement between the parties upon the other party’s material breach of a representation, warranty, term, covenant or undertaking in the agreement if, within 30 days following the delivery of a written notice to the defaulting party setting forth in reasonable detail the basis of such default, the defaulting party has not rectified such default to the reasonable satisfaction of the non-defaulting party. Failure to perform due to a force majeure condition shall not be considered a material default under the agreement.
| · | For Customer 3, prior to delivery of products or services if the customer terminates the statement of work for convenience, no refund of any advance payments will be due to Customer 3. ln the event of a material breach by the Company, which breach is not cured, or cure has not begun within 30 days of written notice to the Company by Customer 3, Customer 3 may terminate this statement of work for cause. In the event of termination by Customer 3 for cause, the Company shall reimburse Customer 3 any unused prepaid fees on a pro rata basis.
At September 30, 2021, two customers accounted for 65% and 18% of accounts receivable. At December 31, 2020, two customers accounted for 56% and 30% of accounts receivable. Much of the credit risk is mitigated since all of the customers listed here are Class 1 railroads with a history of timely payments to us. Geographic Concentration For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, approximately 84% of revenue was generated from three customers outside of the United States. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, approximately 30% of revenue was generated from two customers outside of the United States. These customers are Canadian and Mexican, and two of the three are Class 1 railroads operating in the United States.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. ASC 820 establishes a common definition for fair value to be applied to existing generally accepted accounting principles that requires the use of fair value measurements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure about such fair value measurements. ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, ASC 820 requires the use of valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. These inputs are prioritized below:
Level 1: | Observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: | Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
Level 3: | Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the use of the reporting entity’s own assumptions that the market participants would use in the valuation of the asset or liability based on the best available information.
The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under the Financial Accounting Standard Board’s (“FASB”) accounting standard for such instruments. Under this standard, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The estimated fair value of certain financial instruments, including accounts receivable, prepaid expense, accounts payable, accrued expenses and notes payable are carried at historical cost basis, which approximates their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.
Software Development Costs | Software Development Costs Software development costs incurred prior to establishing technological feasibility are charged to operations and included in research and development costs. The technological feasibility of a software product is established when the Company has completed all planning, designing, coding, and testing activities that are necessary to establish that the product meets its design specifications, including functionality, features, and technical performance requirements. Software development costs incurred after establishing technological feasibility for software sold as a perpetual license, as defined within ASC 985-20 (Software – Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased, or Marketed) are capitalized and amortized on a product-by-product basis when the product is available for general release to customers.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share | Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings per share (EPS) are computed by dividing net loss applicable to common stock by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss applicable to common stock by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and, if dilutive, potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise or conversion of stock options, stock warrants, convertible debt instruments, convertible preferred stock or other common stock equivalents. Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation if their effect is anti-dilutive. At September 30, 2021, there was an aggregate of 1,376,466 outstanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock. At September 30, 2021, there were employee stock options to purchase an aggregate of 431,266 shares of common stock. Also, at September 30, 2021, 243,571 common shares were issuable upon conversion of Series B convertible preferred stock and 818,182 common shares were issuable upon conversion of Series C convertible preferred stock all of which were excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are stated at estimated net realizable value. Accounts receivable are comprised of balances due from customers net of estimated allowances for uncollectible accounts. In determining the collections on the account, historical trends are evaluated, and specific customer issues are reviewed to arrive at appropriate allowances. The Company reviews its accounts to estimate losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Any required allowance is based on specific analysis of past due accounts and also considers historical trends of write-offs. Past due status is based on how recently payments have been received from customers.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition As of January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), that affects the timing of when certain types of revenues will be recognized. The basic principles in ASC 606 include the following: a contract with a customer creates distinct unrecognized contract assets and performance obligations, satisfaction of a performance obligation creates revenue, and a performance obligation is satisfied upon transfer of control to a good or service to a customer. Revenue is recognized by evaluating our revenue contracts with customers based on the five-step model under ASC 606:
| 1. | Identify the contract with the customer;
| 2. | Identify the performance obligations in the contract;
| 3. | Determine the transaction price;
| 4. | Allocate the transaction price to separate performance obligations; and
| 5. | Recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied.
For revenues related to technology systems, the Company recognizes revenue over time using a cost-based input methodology in which significant judgment is required to estimate costs to complete projects. These estimated costs are then used to determine the progress towards contract completion and the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize. Accordingly, the Company now bases its revenue recognition on ASC 606-10-25-27, where control of a good or service transfers over time if the entity’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity and the entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date including a profit margin or reasonable return on capital. Control is deemed to pass to the customer instantaneously as the goods are manufactured and revenue is recognized accordingly. In addition, the Company has adopted ASC 606-10-55-21 such that if the cost incurred is not proportionate to the progress in satisfying the performance obligation, we adjust the input method to recognize revenue only to the extent of the cost incurred. Therefore, the Company will recognize revenue at an equal amount to the cost of the goods to satisfy the performance obligation. To accurately reflect revenue recognition based on the input method, the Company has adopted the implementation guidance as set out in ASC-606-10-55-187 through 192. Under this method, contract revenues are recognized over the performance period of the contract in direct proportion to the costs incurred. Costs include direct material, direct labor, subcontract labor and other allocable indirect costs. All un-allocable indirect costs and corporate general and administrative costs are also charged to the periods as incurred. Any recognized revenues that have not been billed to a customer are recorded as an asset in “contract assets”. Any billings of customers more than recognized revenues are recorded as a liability in “contract liabilities”. However, in the event a loss on a contract is foreseen, the Company will recognize the loss when such loss is determined.
Segment Information | Segment Information The Company operates in one reportable segment.
Stock Based Compensation | Stock Based Compensation The Company accounts for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718-10, “Share-Based Payment,” which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options, restricted stock units, and employee stock purchases based on estimated fair values. Determining Fair Value Under ASC 718-10 The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula. This fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. The Company’s determination of fair value using an option-pricing model is affected by the stock price as well as assumptions regarding the number of highly subjective variables. The Company estimates volatility based upon the historical stock price of the Company and estimates the expected term for stock options using the simplified method for employees and directors and the contractual term for non-employees. The risk-free rate is determined based upon the prevailing rate of United States Treasury securities with similar maturities.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements From time to time, the FASB or other standards setting bodies will issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB ASC are communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). In August 2020, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement (ASU 2020-06) related to the measurement and disclosure requirements for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity's own equity. The pronouncement simplifies and adds disclosure requirements for the accounting and measurement of convertible instruments and the settlement assessment for contracts in an entity's own equity. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021. We plan to adopt this pronouncement for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022, and we do not expect it to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.

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