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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Summary of All Option Activity Under 2007 Plan, 2014 Plan, 2020 Plan and Inducement Grants

The following table summarizes all option activity under the 2007 Plan, 2014 Plan, 2020 Plan and inducement grants:

 

 

 

Shares
Issuable
Under Options

 

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price

 

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term

 

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(In years)

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2022

 

 

4,213,977

 

 

$

10.33

 

 

 

8.4

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

 

1,267,700

 

 

 

3.81

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited / Canceled

 

 

(263,644

)

 

 

12.12

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2022

 

 

5,218,033

 

 

$

8.69

 

 

 

8.1

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

 

11,026,451

 

 

 

2.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited / Canceled

 

 

(862,631

)

 

 

8.07

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2023

 

 

15,381,853

 

 

$

4.21

 

 

 

8.9

 

 

$

235

 

Options vested and expected to vest as of
   December 31, 2023

 

 

9,476,369

 

 

$

5.40

 

 

 

8.2

 

 

$

235

 

Options exercisable as of December 31, 2023

 

 

4,065,023

 

 

$

8.54

 

 

 

7.0

 

 

$

 

Schedule of Assumptions Used in Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model to Determine the Fair Value of Stock Options Granted

The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

 

2023

 

2022

Expected stock price volatility

 

90.5%

 

83.9%

Risk-free interest rate

 

3.7%

 

2.0%

Expected life of options

 

6.08 years

 

6.27 years

Estimated dividend yield

 

0%

 

0%

Summary of RSU Activity

The following table shows the RSU activity, as follows:

 

 

 

Shares
Issuable
Under RSUs

 

 

Weighted
Average
Grant Date Fair Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

(In years)

 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2022

 

 

20,000

 

 

$

5.07

 

Granted

 

 

15,000

 

 

 

2.47

 

RSUs Vested

 

 

(20,000

)

 

 

5.07

 

Forfeited / Canceled

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2022

 

 

15,000

 

 

$

2.47

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

 

 

RSUs Vested

 

 

(15,000

)

 

 

2.47

 

Forfeited / Canceled

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

$

 

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense Related to Stock-Based Awards

Total compensation expense related to all of the Company’s stock-based awards for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

Stock-based compensation classified as:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development expense

 

$

1,491

 

 

$

3,230

 

General and administrative expense

 

 

5,054

 

 

 

4,923

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 

$

6,545

 

 

$

8,153