Note 9 - 2020 Cash Incentive Bonus Plan	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Notes to Financial Statements
Cash Incentive Bonus Plan [Text Block]	Note 9. 2020 Cash Incentive Bonus Plan In August 2020, the Board approved the CIB Plan. The CIB Plan was subsequently amended, as described below on March 6, 2025. The CIB Plan was established as an “at-risk” cash bonus program that would reward CIB Plan participants with additional cash compensation in lockstep with significant increases in the Company’s market valuation (as measured by market capitalization or potential merger consideration). The CIB Plan is considered “at-risk” because CIB Plan participants will not receive a cash bonus unless the Company’s market valuation increases significantly and certain other conditions specified in the CIB Plan are met. Specifically, CIB Plan participants will not be paid any cash bonuses unless (1) the Company completes a merger or acquisition transaction that constitutes a sale of ownership of the Company or its assets (a Merger Transaction) or (2) the Compensation Committee of the Board (the Compensation Committee) determines the Company has sufficient cash on hand, as defined in the CIB Plan. CIB Plan participants will be paid all earned cash bonuses allocated under the CIB Plan in the event of a Merger Transaction. Because of the inherent discretion and uncertainty regarding the CIB Plan requirements, the Company has concluded that a CIB Plan grant date has not occurred as of September 30, 2025. The Company’s market valuation for purposes of the CIB Plan is determined based on either (1) the closing price of one share of the Company's common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market multiplied by the total issued and outstanding shares and options to purchase shares of the Company, or (2) the aggregate consideration payable to security holders of the Company in a Merger Transaction. This constitutes a market condition under applicable accounting guidance. The CIB Plan (as amended March 6, 2025) triggers a potential cash bonus each time the Company’s market valuation increases significantly, up to a maximum $5 billion in market capitalization (or up to a maximum $8 billion in merger consideration). The CIB Plan specifies incremental amounts between $200 million and $5 billion in market capitalization (or $8 billion in merger consideration) (each increment, a “Valuation Milestone”). Each Valuation Milestone triggers a potential cash bonus award in a pre-set amount defined in the CIB Plan. Each Valuation Milestone based on market capitalization must be achieved and maintained for no less than 20 consecutive trading days for CIB Plan participants to be eligible for a potential cash bonus award (the “Market Capitalization Conditions”). Payment of cash bonuses is deferred until such time as (1) the Company completes a Merger Transaction, or (2) the Compensation Committee determines the Company has sufficient cash on hand to render payment (each, a “Performance Condition”), neither of which may ever occur. Accordingly, CIB Plan participants may never be paid a cash bonus that is awarded under the CIB Plan, even if the Company’s market capitalization increases significantly. The CIB Plan is accounted for as a liability award. The fair value of each Valuation Milestone award will be determined once a grant date occurs and will be remeasured each reporting period. Compensation expense associated with the CIB Plan will be recognized over the expected achievement period for each of the Valuation Milestones, when a Performance Condition is considered probable of being met. In October 2020, the Company achieved the first Valuation Milestone based on market capitalization. Subsequently in 2020, the Compensation Committee approved a potential cash bonus award of $6.5 million in total for all CIB Plan participants (after taking into account a March 2023 CIB Plan amendment), subject to future satisfaction of a Performance Condition. There is no continuing service requirement for CIB Plan participants once the Compensation Committee approves a cash bonus award. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company achieved 11 additional Valuation Milestones based on market capitalization. The achievement of these 11 milestones in 2021 triggered a non-discretionary potential Company obligation to the Company’s Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three such offices) of $74.3 million (after taking into account a March 2023 CIB Plan amendment) and contingent upon future satisfaction of a Performance Condition. However, no compensation expense has been recorded and no payments have been made since no grant date has occurred and no Performance Conditions are considered probable of being met. No Valuation Milestones were achieved during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. On February 13, 2025, the Compensation Committee concluded that no discretionary cash bonus amounts would be awarded for the 11 Valuation Milestones achieved in 2021 nor for any remaining CIB Plan Valuation Milestones which have not been achieved. Thus, the only CIB Plan participant who could be eligible for cash bonus amounts based on future Valuation Milestone achievement is the Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three such offices), providing that, other than in connection with a Merger Transaction, no bonus payments will be made to such person unless and until the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved simufilam for any indication. As discussed in Note 10, on January 24, 2025, the Delaware Court of Chancery entered a Final Order and Judgment approving the Stipulation and dismissing an action related to the CIB Plan with prejudice. The Final Order and Judgment required the Company to further amend the CIB Plan, as provided in the Stipulation, which was completed on March 6, 2025. The March 6, 2025 Amendment specifies that upon the occurrence of a Merger Transaction, the Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three such offices) will not be entitled to any payments in respect of any Market Capitalization Conditions, but will instead be entitled to receive a bonus payment based upon the Merger Transaction only. Cash bonuses to the Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three offices) are not subject to discretionary allocation under the CIB Plan. No person currently holds all three offices of Chairman, President and CEO. No actual cash payments were authorized or made to participants under the CIB Plan through September 30, 2025 and the date of filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Note 9 - 2020 Cash Incentive Bonus Plan

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Note 9. 2020 Cash Incentive Bonus Plan

In August 2020, the Board approved the CIB Plan. The CIB Plan was subsequently amended, as described below on March 6, 2025. The CIB Plan was established as an “at-risk” cash bonus program that would reward CIB Plan participants with additional cash compensation in lockstep with significant increases in the Company’s market valuation (as measured by market capitalization or potential merger consideration). The CIB Plan is considered “at-risk” because CIB Plan participants will not receive a cash bonus unless the Company’s market valuation increases significantly and certain other conditions specified in the CIB Plan are met. Specifically, CIB Plan participants will not be paid any cash bonuses unless (1) the Company completes a merger or acquisition transaction that constitutes a sale of ownership of the Company or its assets (a Merger Transaction) or (2) the Compensation Committee of the Board (the Compensation Committee) determines the Company has sufficient cash on hand, as defined in the CIB Plan. CIB Plan participants will be paid all earned cash bonuses allocated under the CIB Plan in the event of a Merger Transaction.

Because of the inherent discretion and uncertainty regarding the CIB Plan requirements, the Company has concluded that a CIB Plan grant date has not occurred as of September 30, 2025.

The Company’s market valuation for purposes of the CIB Plan is determined based on either (1) the closing price of one share of the Company's common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market multiplied by the total issued and outstanding shares and options to purchase shares of the Company, or (2) the aggregate consideration payable to security holders of the Company in a Merger Transaction. This constitutes a market condition under applicable accounting guidance.

The CIB Plan (as amended March 6, 2025) triggers a potential cash bonus each time the Company’s market valuation increases significantly, up to a maximum $5 billion in market capitalization (or up to a maximum $8 billion in merger consideration). The CIB Plan specifies incremental amounts between $200 million and $5 billion in market capitalization (or $8 billion in merger consideration) (each increment, a “Valuation Milestone”). Each Valuation Milestone triggers a potential cash bonus award in a pre-set amount defined in the CIB Plan. Each Valuation Milestone based on market capitalization must be achieved and maintained for no less than 20 consecutive trading days for CIB Plan participants to be eligible for a potential cash bonus award (the “Market Capitalization Conditions”).

Payment of cash bonuses is deferred until such time as (1) the Company completes a Merger Transaction, or (2) the Compensation Committee determines the Company has sufficient cash on hand to render payment (each, a “Performance Condition”), neither of which may ever occur. Accordingly, CIB Plan participants may never be paid a cash bonus that is awarded under the CIB Plan, even if the Company’s market capitalization increases significantly.

The CIB Plan is accounted for as a liability award. The fair value of each Valuation Milestone award will be determined once a grant date occurs and will be remeasured each reporting period. Compensation expense associated with the CIB Plan will be recognized over the expected achievement period for each of the Valuation Milestones, when a Performance Condition is considered probable of being met.

In October 2020, the Company achieved the first Valuation Milestone based on market capitalization. Subsequently in 2020, the Compensation Committee approved a potential cash bonus award of $6.5 million in total for all CIB Plan participants (after taking into account a March 2023 CIB Plan amendment), subject to future satisfaction of a Performance Condition. There is no continuing service requirement for CIB Plan participants once the Compensation Committee approves a cash bonus award.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company achieved 11 additional Valuation Milestones based on market capitalization. The achievement of these 11 milestones in 2021 triggered a non-discretionary potential Company obligation to the Company’s Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three such offices) of $74.3 million (after taking into account a March 2023 CIB Plan amendment) and contingent upon future satisfaction of a Performance Condition. However, no compensation expense has been recorded and no payments have been made since no grant date has occurred and no Performance Conditions are considered probable of being met.

No Valuation Milestones were achieved during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

On February 13, 2025, the Compensation Committee concluded that no discretionary cash bonus amounts would be awarded for the 11 Valuation Milestones achieved in 2021 nor for any remaining CIB Plan Valuation Milestones which have not been achieved. Thus, the only CIB Plan participant who could be eligible for cash bonus amounts based on future Valuation Milestone achievement is the Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three such offices), providing that, other than in connection with a Merger Transaction, no bonus payments will be made to such person unless and until the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved simufilam for any indication.

As discussed in Note 10, on January 24, 2025, the Delaware Court of Chancery entered a Final Order and Judgment approving the Stipulation and dismissing an action related to the CIB Plan with prejudice. The Final Order and Judgment required the Company to further amend the CIB Plan, as provided in the Stipulation, which was completed on March 6, 2025. The March 6, 2025 Amendment specifies that upon the occurrence of a Merger Transaction, the Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three such offices) will not be entitled to any payments in respect of any Market Capitalization Conditions, but will instead be entitled to receive a bonus payment based upon the Merger Transaction only. Cash bonuses to the Chairman, President and CEO (assuming such person holds all three offices) are not subject to discretionary allocation under the CIB Plan. No person currently holds all three offices of Chairman, President and CEO.

No actual cash payments were authorized or made to participants under the CIB Plan through September 30, 2025 and the date of filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.