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Income taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income taxes Income taxes
During both the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the pretax losses incurred by the Company, as well as the research and development tax credits generated, received no corresponding tax benefit because the Company concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will be unable to realize the value of any resulting deferred tax assets. The Company will continue to assess its position in future periods to determine if it is appropriate to reduce a portion of its valuation allowance.
The Company’s tax provision and the resulting effective tax rate for interim periods is determined based upon its estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for the effect of discrete items arising in that quarter. The income tax provision was generated from operations in Germany and Switzerland.
The impact of such discrete items could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter, based upon the mix and timing of actual earnings or losses versus annual projections. In each quarter, the Company updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if the estimated annual tax rate changes, a cumulative adjustment is made in that quarter.
The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence bearing upon its ability to realize its deferred tax assets, which primarily consist of net operating loss carryforwards. The Company has considered its history of cumulative net losses, estimated future taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies and has concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of its deferred tax assets. As a result, as of both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the Company recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.
The Company files income tax returns as prescribed by the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by U.S. federal, state and international jurisdictions, where applicable. There are currently no pending tax examinations in the U.S., and the Company has not received notice of examination from any jurisdictions in the U.S.