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Other Expenses and Adjustments
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Analysis of income and expense [abstract]  
Other Expenses and Adjustments
Other Expenses and Adjustments

We present our expenses based on the function of each expense and therefore include realized foreign exchange gains and losses, unrealized non-cash foreign exchange gains and losses and non-cash stock based compensation associated with research and development activity as a component of research and development expenses and amortization of property and equipment and stock based compensation associated with operating activities as a component of operating expenses.

2018
$
2017
$
2016
$
Included in research and development expenses:






Realized foreign exchange (gain) loss
(1,995
)
(120,794
)
104,851

Unrealized non-cash foreign exchange (gain) loss
(608,111
)
55,538

67,109

Non-cash share based compensation
735,292

230,141

233,919








Included in operating expenses






Depreciation - property and equipment
95,375

90,768

162,233

Non-cash share based compensation
680,541

348,562

172,159

Office minimum lease payments
331,769

231,509

148,600

Onerous lease contract
67,588

—

—

Amortization - lease incentive liability
8,189

—

—