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SEGMENTS
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
SEGMENTS SEGMENTS
As of March 31, 2023, we have three operating segments: the Cardlytics platform in the U.S., the Cardlytics platform in the U.K. and the Bridg platform, as determined by the information that our Chief Executive Officer, who we consider our chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), uses to make strategic goals and operating decisions. Our Cardlytics platform operating segments in the U.S. and U.K. represent our proprietary advertising channels and are aggregated into one reportable segment given their similar economic characteristics, nature of service, types of customers and method of distribution. Subsequent to the acquisition of Bridg, our CODM began reviewing Bridg's revenue and operating expenses. Therefore, we consider the Bridg platform to be a separate operating segment. Our CODM allocates resources to, and evaluates the performance of, our operating segments based on revenue and adjusted contribution. Our CODM does not review assets by operating segment for the purposes of evaluating performance or allocating resources.
The following tables provide information regarding the Cardlytics platform and the Bridg platform reportable segments (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20222023
Cardlytics platform
Adjusted contribution$28,956 $25,855 
Plus: Partner Share and other third-party costs35,027 33,175 
Revenue$63,983 $59,030 
Bridg platform
Adjusted contribution$3,819 $5,092 
Plus: Partner Share and other third-party costs126 209 
Revenue$3,945 $5,301 
Total
Adjusted contribution$32,775 $30,947 
Plus: Partner Share and other third-party costs35,153 33,384 
Revenue$67,928 $64,331 
Adjusted Contribution
Adjusted contribution measures the degree by which revenue generated from our marketers exceeds the cost to obtain the purchase data and the digital advertising space from our partners. Adjusted contribution demonstrates how incremental marketing spend on our platforms generates incremental amounts to support our sales and marketing, research and development, delivery costs, general and administration and other investments. Adjusted contribution is calculated by taking our total revenue less our Partner Share and other third-party costs. Adjusted contribution does not take into account all costs associated with generating revenue from advertising campaigns, including sales and marketing expenses, research and development expenses, delivery costs, general and administrative expenses and other expenses, which we do not take into consideration when making decisions on how to manage our advertising campaigns.
The following table presents a reconciliation of income before income taxes presented in accordance with GAAP to adjusted contribution (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20222023
Adjusted contribution$32,775 $30,947 
Minus:
Delivery costs6,533 6,424 
Sales and marketing expense17,648 13,948 
Research and development expense12,291 11,564 
General and administration expense20,425 13,070 
Acquisition and integration (benefit) cost(4,599)1,723 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration(65,050)(34,584)
Depreciation and amortization expense9,871 6,575 
Total other expense (income)2,618 (1,381)
Income before income taxes$33,038 $13,608 
The following tables provide geographical information (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20222023
Revenue:
United States$61,653 $61,081 
United Kingdom6,275 3,250 
Total$67,928 $64,331 
December 31, 2022March 31, 2023
Property and equipment, net:
United States$4,453 $3,936 
United Kingdom1,463 819 
Total$5,916 $4,755 
Capital expenditures within the United Kingdom totaled $0.1 million and less than $0.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Concentrations of Risk
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. A significant portion of our cash and cash equivalents are held in fully FDIC-insured money market accounts and demand deposit accounts that distribute funds, and credit risk, over a vast number of financial institutions. Our remaining cash and cash equivalents are held with six financial institutions, which we believe are of high credit quality.
Marketers
Our revenue and accounts receivable are diversified among a large number of marketers segregated by both geography and industry. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, our top five marketers accounted for 25% and 16% of our revenue, respectively, with one marketer accounting for over 10% during three months ended March 31, 2022 and no marketer accounting for over 10% during the three months ended March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2022 and 2023, our top five marketers accounted for 23% and 17% of our accounts receivable, respectively, with one marketer representing over 10% as of March 31, 2022, and no marketer accounting for over 10% as of March 31, 2023.
FI Partners
Our business is substantially dependent on a limited number of FI partners. We require participation from our FI partners in the Cardlytics platform and access to their purchase data in order to offer our solutions to marketers and their agencies. We must have FI partners with a sufficient number of customers and levels of customer engagement to ensure that we have robust purchase data and marketing space to support a broad array of incentive programs for marketers. Our agreements with a substantial majority of our FI partners have terms of three to seven years but are generally terminable by the FI partner on 90 days or less prior notice. The agreements generally have auto-renewal provisions that allow for the agreements to extend past their originally contemplated end date, unless terminated earlier in accordance with the terms of the agreement. If an FI partner terminates its agreement with us, we would lose that FI as a source of purchase data and online banking customers.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, our top two FI partners combined to account for over 75% of the total Partner Share we paid to all partners, with each representing over 20%. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, our top three FI partners combined to account for over 70% of the total Partner Share we paid to all partners, with the top two FI partners each representing over 20% and third largest FI partner representing over 10% of Partner Share. No other partner accounted for over 10% of Partner Share during these periods.