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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2026
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________________ to _________________
Commission File Number: 001-38386

CARDLYTICS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Delaware | 26-3039436
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
675 Ponce de Leon Ave. NE, Suite 4100 | Atlanta | Georgia | 30308
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(888) | 798-5802
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock | CDLX | NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer |  | ☐ |  |  | Accelerated filer |  | ☒
Non-accelerated filer |  | ☐ |  |  | Smaller reporting company |  | ☒
|  |  |  |  | Emerging growth company |  | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of July 31, 2026, there w ere 5,888,716 s hares o utstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.0001.

Table of Contents
CARDLYTICS, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited) | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Unaudited) | 7
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 9
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 25
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 37
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 38
PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 38
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 38
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 38
Item 5. | Other Information | 39
Item 6. | Exhibits | 39
Signatures | 40

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1

Table of Contents
CARDLYTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Revenue | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Partner Share and other third-party costs | 15,614 |  |  | 26,721 |  |  | 30,211 |  |  | 55,825 |
Delivery costs | 2,648 |  |  | 5,356 |  |  | 5,229 |  |  | 11,142 |
Sales and marketing expense | 6,605 |  |  | 8,943 |  |  | 13,366 |  |  | 19,324 |
Research and development expense | 5,540 |  |  | 9,867 |  |  | 11,970 |  |  | 20,145 |
General and administrative expense | 7,855 |  |  | 12,238 |  |  | 16,136 |  |  | 25,181 |
Change in contingent consideration | — |  |  | 42 |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Loss (gain) on divestiture | — |  |  | 200 |  |  | — |  |  | (5,150) |
Depreciation and amortization expense | 4,061 |  |  | 4,243 |  |  | 8,004 |  |  | 8,591 |
Total costs and expenses | 42,323 |  |  | 67,610 |  |  | 84,916 |  |  | 135,160 |
Operating loss | (5,441) |  |  | (9,569) |  |  | (13,715) |  |  | (20,684) |
Other (expense) income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | (2,281) |  |  | (1,943) |  |  | (4,814) |  |  | (3,773) |
Loss on investments | (1,102) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,387) |  |  | — |
Foreign currency gain (loss) | 165 |  |  | 5,449 |  |  | (1,541) |  |  | 8,076 |
Total other (expense) income | (3,218) |  |  | 3,506 |  |  | (8,742) |  |  | 4,303 |
Loss before income taxes from continuing operations | (8,659) |  |  | (6,063) |  |  | (22,457) |  |  | (16,381) |
Income tax benefit | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Loss from continuing operations | (8,659) |  |  | (6,063) |  |  | (22,457) |  |  | (16,381) |
(Loss) income from discontinued operations | (6,217) |  |  | (3,220) |  |  | 3,101 |  |  | (6,184) |
Net loss | $ | (14,876) |  |  | $ | (9,283) |  |  | $ | (19,356) |  |  | $ | (22,565) |
Net (loss) income per share, basic and diluted(1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Continuing operations | $ | (1.50) |  |  | $ | (1.15) |  |  | $ | (3.99) |  |  | $ | (3.13) |
Discontinued operations | $ | (1.08) |  |  | $ | (0.61) |  |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | (1.18) |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted | 5,759 |  |  | 5,275 |  |  | 5,625 |  |  | 5,230 |

(1)The weighted-average shares outstanding attributable to common stockholders and net loss per share attributable to common stockholders have been adjusted for the prior periods presented to reflect the one-for-ten reverse stock split effected on June 5, 2026. See Note 2 -S ignificant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards for more information.
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
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CARDLYTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Net loss | $ | (14,876) |  |  | $ | (9,283) |  |  | $ | (19,356) |  |  | $ | (22,565) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (144) |  |  | (4,874) |  |  | 1,320 |  |  | (7,229) |
Total comprehensive loss | $ | (15,020) |  |  | $ | (14,157) |  |  | $ | (18,036) |  |  | $ | (29,794) |

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
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CARDLYTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands, except par value amounts)

| June 30, 2026 |  | December 31, 2025
Assets |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 28,039 |  |  | $ | 48,719 |
Accounts receivable and contract assets, net | 67,644 |  |  | 82,458 |
Other receivables | 2,855 |  |  | 2,474 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 2,533 |  |  | 3,213 |
Current assets of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 415 |
Total current assets | 101,071 |  |  | 137,279 |
Long-term assets: |  |  |
Property and equipment, net | 1,617 |  |  | 1,931 |
Right-of-use assets under operating leases, net | 4,096 |  |  | 4,723 |
Goodwill | 110,305 |  |  | 110,305 |
Capitalized software development costs, net | 16,577 |  |  | 19,005 |
Other long-term assets, net | 1,119 |  |  | 1,235 |
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 11,163 |
Total assets | $ | 234,785 |  |  | $ | 285,641 |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 1,245 |  |  | $ | 2,655 |
Accrued liabilities: |  |  |
Accrued compensation | 4,828 |  |  | 6,038 |
Accrued expenses | 12,320 |  |  | 7,125 |
Partner Share liability | 18,503 |  |  | 24,792 |
Consumer Incentive liability | 21,812 |  |  | 32,144 |
Deferred revenue and other liabilities | 2,194 |  |  | 2,541 |
Current operating lease liabilities | 1,448 |  |  | 1,438 |
Current liabilities of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 1,657 |
Total current liabilities | $ | 62,350 |  |  | $ | 78,390 |
Long-term liabilities: |  |  |
Convertible senior notes, net | $ | 169,411 |  |  | $ | 168,850 |
Lines of credit | 15,000 |  |  | 40,070 |
Long-term operating lease liabilities | 4,028 |  |  | 4,748 |
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 91 |
Total liabilities | $ | 250,789 |  |  | $ | 292,149 |
Stockholders’ deficit: |  |  |
Common stock, $0.0001 par value—10,000 shares authorized and 5,808 and 5,451 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.(1) | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 10 |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,408,082 |  |  | 1,399,542 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (676) |  |  | (1,996) |
Accumulated deficit | (1,423,420) |  |  | (1,404,064) |
Total stockholders’ deficit | (16,004) |  |  | (6,508) |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit | $ | 234,785 |  |  | $ | 285,641 |

(1)The number of shares of common stock has been adjusted for the prior period presented to reflect the one-for-ten reverse stock split effected on June 5, 2026. See Note 2 -Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards for more information.
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
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CARDLYTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands)

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025
Operating activities |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (19,356) |  |  | $ | (22,565) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |
Credit loss expense | 771 |  |  | 1,833 |
Depreciation and amortization | 8,479 |  |  | 12,566 |
Amortization of financing costs charged to interest expense | 657 |  |  | 804 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 630 |  |  | 1,274 |
Gain on divestiture | (13,858) |  |  | (5,150) |
Stock-based compensation expense | 7,183 |  |  | 16,195 |
Change in contingent consideration | — |  |  | 102 |
Loss on investments | 2,387 |  |  | — |
Other non-cash expense (income), net | 1,583 |  |  | (8,076) |
Change in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable and contracts assets, net | 13,217 |  |  | 10,165 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 570 |  |  | (1,625) |
Accounts payable | (2,164) |  |  | (1,837) |
Other accrued expenses | 2,258 |  |  | 920 |
Partner Share liability | (6,278) |  |  | (5,913) |
Consumer Incentive liability | (10,318) |  |  | (4,174) |
Net cash used in operating activities | (14,239) |  |  | (5,481) |
Investing activities |  |  |
Acquisition of property and equipment | (30) |  |  | (441) |
Capitalized software development costs | (4,379) |  |  | (8,320) |
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities, net | 23,029 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from divestitures, net of cash divested | — |  |  | 200 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 18,620 |  |  | (8,561) |
Financing activities |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of debt | 5,000 |  |  | — |
Settlement of contingent consideration | — |  |  | (5,000) |
Principal payment of debt | (30,070) |  |  | — |
Debt issuance costs | (30) |  |  | (93) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (25,100) |  |  | (5,093) |
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | 39 |  |  | 286 |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (20,680) |  |  | (18,849) |
Cash and cash equivalents — Beginning of period | 48,719 |  |  | 65,594 |
Cash and cash equivalents — End of period | $ | 28,039 |  |  | $ | 46,745 |

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
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CARDLYTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands)

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |  |  |
Cash paid for interest | $ | 4,578 |  |  | $ | 3,941 |
Amounts accrued for capitalized software development costs | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 134 |

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
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CARDLYTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2026:

|  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total
| Common Stock(1) |
| Shares |  | Amount |
Balance – December 31, 2025 | 5,451 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,399,542 |  |  |  |  | $ | (1,996) |  |  | $ | (1,404,064) |  |  | $ | (6,508) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,474 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,474 |
Settlement of restricted stock | 345 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the 2018 ESPP (as defined below) | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 1,320 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,320 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (19,356) |  |  | (19,356) |
Balance – June 30, 2026 | 5,808 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,408,082 |  |  |  |  | $ | (676) |  |  | $ | (1,423,420) |  |  | $ | (16,004) |

Three Months Ended June 30, 2026:

|  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total
| Common Stock(1) |
| Shares |  | Amount |
Balance – March 31, 2026 | 5,507 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,405,063 |  |  |  |  | $ | (532) |  |  | $ | (1,408,544) |  |  | $ | (4,003) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,953 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,953 |
Settlement of restricted stock | 289 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the 2018 ESPP (as defined below) | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (144) |  |  | — |  |  | (144) |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (14,876) |  |  | (14,876) |
Balance – June 30, 2026 | 5,808 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,408,082 |  |  |  |  | $ | (676) |  |  | $ | (1,423,420) |  |  | $ | (16,004) |

(1)The number of shares of common stock has been adjusted for the prior period presented to reflect the one-for-ten reverse stock split effected on June 5, 2026. See Note 2 -Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards for more information.
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
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CARDLYTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2025:

|  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total
| Common Stock(1) |
| Shares |  | Amount |
Balance – December 31, 2024 | 5,126 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,366,958 |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,601 |  |  | $ | (1,300,576) |  |  | $ | 69,993 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,060 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,060 |
Settlement of restricted stock | 147 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the 2018 ESPP (as defined below) | 26 |  |  | — |  |  | 447 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 447 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (7,229) |  |  | — |  |  | (7,229) |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (22,565) |  |  | (22,565) |
Balance – June 30, 2025 | 5,299 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,385,465 |  |  |  |  | $ | (3,628) |  |  | $ | (1,323,141) |  |  | $ | 58,706 |

Three Months Ended June 30, 2025:

|  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total
| Common Stock(1) |
| Shares |  | Amount |
Balance – March 31, 2025 | 5,218 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,376,692 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,246 |  |  | $ | (1,313,858) |  |  | $ | 64,090 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,326 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,326 |
Settlement of restricted stock | 55 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the 2018 ESPP (as defined below) | 26 |  |  | — |  |  | 447 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 447 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (4,874) |  |  | — |  |  | (4,874) |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (9,283) |  |  | (9,283) |
Balance – June 30, 2025 | 5,299 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,385,465 |  |  |  |  | $ | (3,628) |  |  | $ | (1,323,141) |  |  | $ | 58,706 |

(1)The number of shares of common stock has been adjusted for the prior period presented to reflect the one-for-ten reverse stock split effected on June 5, 2026. See Note 2 -Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards for more information.
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
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CARDLYTICS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Index to Financial Statements and Supplemental Data

Note 1. Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation
Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards
Note 3. Discontinued Operations
Note 4. Goodwill
Note 5. Revenue
Note 6. Leases
Note 7. Debt and Financing Arrangements
Note 8. Stock-Based Compensation
Note 9. Fair Value Measurements
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies
Note 11. Earnings Per Share
Note 12. Segments

1.OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Cardlytics, Inc., a Delaware corporation formed on June 26, 2008, (together with its consolidated subsidiaries "we," "our," "us," the "Company," or "Cardlytics"), operates a purchase intelligence platform that transforms transaction data into targeted, personalized offers and rewards for consumer brands, delivered through a banking and commerce platform in the United States and United Kingdom. At the core of our platform is the financial media network that we operate within our partners' digital channels, which includes online and mobile applications (the "Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform"). The partners for the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform are predominantly financial institutions ("FI partners") that provide us with access to their anonymized purchase data and digital banking customers. By applying advanced analytics to the purchase data we receive, we make it actionable, helping marketers reach potential buyers at scale and measure the true incremental sales impact of their marketing spend. We have strong relationships with leading marketers across a variety of industries, including everyday spend, specialty retail, restaurant, travel and entertainment. Using our transaction data and analytics, we enable marketers to reach potential customers across our network of FI partners through their digital banking accounts and present them relevant cash back offers when they are thinking about their finances.
Unaudited Interim Results
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and information have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, these financial statements contain all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The results for interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year due to the seasonality of our business, which has been historically impacted by higher consumer spending during the fourth quarter. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included on our Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Annual Report") for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.
Reverse Stock Split
Effective June 5, 2026, we effected (i) a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of our issued and outstanding common stock (the "Reverse Stock Split") and (ii) a corresponding reduction in the total number of authorized shares of common stock from 100,000,000 shares to 10,000,000 shares. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every ten shares of our issued and outstanding common stock were automatically combined into one share of common stock, without any change in the par value per share. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split; stockholders who would otherwise have been entitled to receive a fractional share received a cash payment in lieu thereof.
In accordance with ASC 260-10-55-12, all share and per share amounts in these condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes, including shares of common stock outstanding, weighted-average shares used to compute basic and
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diluted net loss per share, stock-based compensation awards, and earnings per share for all periods presented, have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split.
Divestitures and Presentation
On January 23, 2026, we entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with PAR Technology Corporation (“PAR”) and DB Sub, LLC, an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary of PAR (“Buyer”), pursuant to which Buyer agreed to acquire all of our assets, properties and rights primarily related to, or primarily used in, our Bridg platform (the “Purchased Assets” and the sale by the Company thereof, the “Bridg Sale”), subject to certain exceptions.
On March 24, 2026 (the “Closing Date”), we completed the Bridg Sale. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, on the Closing Date, PAR delivered to us 1,810,222 shares of common stock in PAR as consideration for the Bridg Sale.
A business is classified as held for sale when management having the authority to approve the action commits to a plan to sell the business, the business is available for immediate sale in its present condition and an active program to locate a buyer has been initiated. Additionally, the sale must be probable to occur during the next 12 months at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value and actions required to complete the plan indicate it is unlikely significant changes to the plan will be made or the plan will be withdrawn. A business classified as held for sale is recorded at the lower of (i) its carrying amount and (ii) estimated fair value less costs to sell. When the carrying amount of the business exceeds its estimated fair value less costs to sell, a loss is recognized and updated each reporting period as appropriate. Assets held for sale are not further depreciated or amortized once such a determination is reached.
The results of operations of businesses classified as held for sale are reported as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that will have a major effect on the entity’s operations and financial results. When a business is identified for discontinued operations reporting: (i) results for prior periods are retrospectively reclassified as discontinued operations; (ii) results of operations are reported in a single line, net of tax, in the condensed consolidated statement of operations; and (iii) assets and liabilities are reported as held for sale in the condensed consolidated balance sheets in the period in which the business is classified as held for sale.
We analyzed quantitative and qualitative factors relevant to the Bridg disposal group and determined that the accounting criteria to be classified as held for sale and a discontinued operation were met during the three months ended March 31, 2026. We determined the net assets were held for sale when the sale was approved by the Board of Directors in January 2026. Additionally, we determined the ultimate closing of the sale on March 24, 2026, represented a strategic shift for the Company.
As such, the results of Bridg business are presented as discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. The assets and liabilities of Bridg business have been reflected as assets and liabilities of discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets for all prior periods presented. We ceased depreciating and amortizing our long-lived assets for the Bridg business which primarily included acquired intangible assets, capitalized software, and right-of-use assets as of the held for sale date, during the three months ended March 31, 2026. Our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows includes cash flows from discontinued operations for all periods presented. Unless otherwise indicated, all disclosures in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect only our continuing operations. Our Bridg business was historically presented as a reportable segment. For additional information related to the divestiture of Bridg see Note 3—Discontinued Operations.
The Dosh app, a consumer facing cashback mobile application operated by Dosh Holdings LLC, was decommissioned on February 28, 2025. In connection with the decommission, for the six months ended June 30, 2025, we recorded a gain on divestiture of $5.2 million primarily due to the derecognition of the wallet liability associated with the Dosh app within the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include revenue recognition, internal-use software development costs, stock-based compensation, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of long-lived assets, goodwill valuation, income tax including valuation allowance and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we believe are reasonable. Changes in facts or circumstances may cause us to change our assumptions and estimates in future periods and it is possible that actual results could differ from our current or revised future estimates.
Macroeconomic Considerations
Unfavorable conditions in the economy both in the United States and abroad may negatively affect the growth of our business and our results of operations. For example, macroeconomic events, including fluctuations in inflation and interest rates, the imposition
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of tariffs in the United States and abroad, the Russia-Ukraine war and the Middle East conflict have contributed to rising energy costs and economic uncertainty globally. These conditions, together with higher inflation and tariff-driven price increases, may alter consumer buying behavior and reduce consumer discretionary spending. During periods of such economic uncertainty, businesses may reduce their advertising and marketing expenditures, which could negatively impact demand for our platform and our results of operations.
The effect of macroeconomic conditions may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods. If, however, economic uncertainty increases or the global economy worsens, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be impacted. For further discussion of the potential impacts of macroeconomic events on our business, financial condition and operating results, see the section titled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report.
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
Significant Accounting Policies
As described in Note 1—Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation, our Bridg business met the criteria to be classified as a held for sale disposal group and a discontinued operation during the six months ended June 30, 2026. Also, as described in Note 1—Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation, the Company effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding common stock effective June 5, 2026. All share and per share amounts have been retroactively adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the reverse stock split.
There have been no changes to our significant accounting policies other than assets held for sale, discontinued operations, reverse stock split, and the standards adopted below. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with that used to prepare our audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025, and include, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, necessary for the fair statement of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2025-12, "Codification Improvements," which makes incremental improvements to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification® in response to stakeholder feedback. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, and the amendments may generally be applied prospectively or retrospectively, depending on the specific amendment. We are currently evaluating the potential effects of ASU 2025-12 on our consolidated financial statements.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11 titled "Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements," which refines and reorganizes the guidance related to interim disclosure requirements and the application of Topic 270. The amendments in this update are effective for interim periods beginning January 1, 2028. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2025-11 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In June 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06 titled "Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software," which simplifies the capitalization guidance by removing all references to software development project stages, so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied either retrospectively, prospectively to software costs incurred after the adoption date or on a modified prospective basis. We are currently evaluating the potential effects of ASU 2025-06 on our financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB released ASU 2024-03 titled "Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses," which mandates that certain costs and expenses be disclosed in the notes to financial statements. These amendments will take effect for fiscal years starting after December 15, 2026, with early adoption allowed. The changes should be applied either prospectively to financial statements for periods after the effective date or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented. We are currently assessing how the enhanced disclosure requirements of ASU 2024-03 will impact our financial statements.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05 titled "Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets," which updates the guidance related to the measurement of expected credit losses for accounts receivable and contract assets. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. We adopted ASU 2025-05 effective January 1, 2026. In connection with the adoption, we elected the practical expedient to assume that current conditions at the balance sheet date persist throughout the remaining life of the asset. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
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In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 titled "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvement to Income Tax Disclosures," aimed at improving the transparency and usefulness of income tax information by enhancing disclosures related to rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning with our fiscal year ending December 31, 2025. We adopted ASU 2023-09 for the year ended December 31, 2025, and applied the new disclosure requirements prospectively to the current annual period. Prior period disclosures have not been adjusted to reflect the new disclosure requirements.
3. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Bridg Sale
As described in Note 1—Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation, our Bridg business met the criteria to be classified as a held for sale disposal group and a discontinued operation during the six months ended June 30, 2026.
Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, on the Closing Date, PAR delivered to us 1,810,222 shares of common stock in PAR as consideration for the Bridg Sale. We recorded a gain on divestiture of $13.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026. We also recorded $2.0 million of divestiture costs for the six months ended June 30, 2026. The gain on divestiture and divestiture costs are presented as part of results of the discontinued operations. The results of operations for the Bridg business are reported as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. This business was historically presented as its own reportable segment.
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we sold all 1,810,222 shares of common stock in PAR for cash proceeds of $23.0 million, net of fees, resulting in a total realized loss of $2.4 million, inclusive of $0.2 million in commission fees, which is recognized within Loss on investments in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following table summarizes (loss) income from discontinued operations as presented in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Revenue | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,208 |  |  | $ | 4,175 |  |  | $ | 10,671 |
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Partner Share and other third-party costs | — |  |  | 382 |  |  | 589 |  |  | 728 |
Delivery costs | — |  |  | 1,527 |  |  | 1,364 |  |  | 3,029 |
Sales and marketing expense | — |  |  | 2,392 |  |  | 929 |  |  | 4,765 |
Research and development | — |  |  | 1,428 |  |  | 552 |  |  | 2,856 |
General and administrative | 5,530 |  |  | 667 |  |  | 8,990 |  |  | 1,502 |
Divestiture costs | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,033 |  |  | — |
Loss (gain) on divestiture | 685 |  |  | — |  |  | (13,858) |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization expense | — |  |  | 2,032 |  |  | 475 |  | 3,975 |
(Loss) income from discontinued operations | $ | (6,217) |  |  | $ | (3,220) |  |  | $ | 3,101 |  |  | $ | (6,184) |

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The following table summarizes assets and liabilities of discontinued operations as presented in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):

| June 30, 2026 |  | December 31, 2025
Accounts receivable, net | $ | — |  |  | $ | 211 |
Other receivables | — |  |  | 113 |
Other current assets | — |  |  | 91 |
Current assets of discontinued operations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 415 |
Property and equipment, net | — |  |  | 94 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | — |  |  | 224 |
Intangible assets, net | — |  |  | 5,553 |
Capitalized software development costs, net | — |  |  | 5,209 |
Other long-term assets, net | — |  |  | 83 |
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,163 |
Accounts payable | — |  |  | 705 |
Accrued compensation | — |  |  | 67 |
Accrued liabilities | — |  |  | 600 |
Partner share liability | — |  |  | 68 |
Deferred revenue | — |  |  | 48 |
Current operating lease liabilities | — |  |  | 169 |
Current liabilities of discontinued operations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,657 |
Long-term deferred revenue | — |  |  | 52 |
Long-term operating lease liabilities | — |  |  | 39 |
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 91 |

The amounts presented above exclude Bridg’s cash, cash equivalents, and certain accounts receivable. As these assets were retained by the Company and not included in the divestiture, they have been excluded from the calculation of net assets divested in the transaction.
Bridg Acquired Intangibles
As described in Note 1—Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation, a business classified as held for sale is recorded at the lower of (i) its carrying amount and (ii) estimated fair value less costs to sell. When the carrying amount of the business exceeds its estimated fair value less costs to sell, a loss is recognized and updated each reporting period as appropriate. Assets held for sale are not further depreciated or amortized once such a determination is reached.
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, we assessed the Bridg disposal group for impairment and determined that the carrying value of the assets was not greater than the fair value as of the held for sale date. The fair value was determined using the agreed-upon sale price of the Bridg business less costs to sell. We ceased depreciating and amortizing our long-lived assets for Bridg which primarily included acquired intangibles, capitalized software, and right-of-use assets as of the held for sale date, during the three months ended March 31, 2026.
There was no amortization expense of acquired intangibles during the three months ended June 30, 2026, as the Bridg business was divested in the first quarter of 2026. Amortization expense of acquired intangibles during the three months ended June 30, 2025 was $1.5 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, amortization expense of acquired intangibles was $0.3 million and $2.9 million, respectively.
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Acquired intangible assets subject to amortization as of December 31, 2025 were as follows:

|  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  |  |  | Net |  | Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life
|  | (in thousands) |  | (in years)
Developed technology |  | $ | 49,873 |  |  | $ | (45,055) |  |  |  |  | $ | 4,818 |  |  | 1.5
Merchant relationships |  | 21,930 |  |  | (21,195) |  |  |  |  | 735 |  |  | 0.4
Total other intangible assets |  | $ | 71,803 |  |  | $ | (66,250) |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,553 |  |  |

Cash Flows
Cash flows related to discontinued operations are included in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. The following table provides operating and investing cash flow information for our discontinued operation (in thousands):

|  | Six Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2026 |  | 2025
Operating activities |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  | $ | 475 |  |  | $ | 3,975 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  | $ | 267 |  |  | $ | 1,649 |
Investing activities |  |  |  |
Capitalized software development costs |  | $ | (356) |  |  | $ | (1,050) |
Non-cash investing activities |  |  |  |
Common stock as consideration for the Bridg Sale |  | $ | 25,416 |  |  | $ | — |

4. GOODWILL
Goodwill
Goodwill is tested annually for impairment, unless certain triggering events require an interim impairment analysis, including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, and other relevant entity-specific events and changes. These considerations are evaluated holistically to assess whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value. As of June 30, 2026, the Bridg platform is considered a discontinued operation and therefore, is no longer a reporting unit. Our reporting units consist of the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform in the U.S. (the "U.S. Cardlytics Purchase Intelligence Platform"), and the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform in the U.K. There is no goodwill recorded within the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform in the U.K.
The carrying amounts of goodwill as of June 30, 2026 were as follows (in thousands):

| U.S. Cardlytics Purchase Intelligence Platform
Balance as of December 31, 2025 | $ | 110,305 |
Impairment charge | — |
Balance as of June 30, 2026 | $ | 110,305 |

We have assessed the triggering event criteria, along with related conditions and developments, as of June 30, 2026. We continue to monitor our results and the price of our common stock in relation to goodwill impairment. Based on our qualitative analysis for the second quarter of 2026, we have determined that none of the conditions collectively constitute a triggering event. As such, we have determined that it is not more likely than not that the carrying values of our reporting units exceed their respective fair values, and an impairment test was not required as of June 30, 2026. However, the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform in the U.S. is susceptible to future impairment risk, and future changes in assumptions or deterioration in market conditions could result in an impairment.
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5. REVENUE
The Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform
The Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform is our proprietary native bank advertising channel that enables marketers to reach consumers through the FI partners' trusted and frequently visited digital banking channels. Working with the marketer, we design a campaign that targets customers based on their purchase history. The consumer is offered an incentive (collectively, "Consumer Incentives") to make a purchase from the marketer within a specified period. We use a portion of the fees that we collect from marketers to provide these Consumer Incentives to our FI partners' customers after they make qualifying purchases. Leveraging our platform, we are able to create compelling Consumer Incentives that have the potential to increase return on advertising spend for marketers and measure the effectiveness of the advertising. Consumer Incentives totaled $28.6 million and $40.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Consumer Incentives totaled $52.4 million and $76.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. We pay certain partners a negotiated and fixed percentage of our Billings to marketers less any Consumer Incentives that we pay to partners' customers and certain third-party data costs ("Partner Share"). Revenue on our condensed consolidated statements of operation is presented net of Consumer Incentives and gross of Partner Share.
The Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform has two different pricing models: (1) served based pricing and (2) engagement based pricing.
•Served Based Pricing. Under our Cost per Served Sale ("CPS") pricing model, we generate Revenue by charging a percentage, which we refer to as the CPS rate, of all purchases from the marketer by consumers who (1) are served marketing and (2) subsequently make a purchase from the marketer during the campaign period, regardless of whether consumers engage with the applicable offer and thereby becomes eligible to earn the applicable Consumer Incentive. We set CPS rates for marketers based on our expectation of the marketer's return on spend for the relevant campaign. Additionally, we set the amount of Consumer Incentives payable for each campaign based on our estimation of our ability to drive incremental sales for the marketer. We seek to optimize the level of Consumer Incentives to retain a greater portion of Billings. However, if the amount of Consumer Incentives exceeds the amount of Billings that we are paid by the applicable marketer we are still responsible for paying the total Consumer Incentive. In some instances, we may also charge the marketer, the Consumer Incentive, in which case the marketer determines the level of Consumer Incentive for the campaign.
•Engagement Based Pricing. Under our engagement based pricing model, marketers generally pay us a fee for each purchase that we generate following a consumer's engagement with an offer. Marketers may choose between two variations of our engagement based pricing model: (1) Cost per Redemption whereby marketers specify and fund the Consumer Incentive and pay us a separate negotiated, fixed marketing fee or (2) Cost per Transaction whereby marketers pay us a negotiated, fixed marketing fee out of which we fund the Consumer Incentive, which is determined in our discretion. We generate Revenue if the consumer (i) is served an offer, (ii) selects the offer and thereby becomes eligible to earn the applicable Consumer Incentive, and (iii) makes a qualifying purchase from the marketer during the campaign period. We set the fees for engagement based pricing for marketers based on our estimation of the marketers' return on spend for the relevant campaign.
The following table summarizes Revenue from the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform by pricing model (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Served based pricing | $ | 11,819 |  |  | $ | 21,397 |  |  | $ | 21,881 |  |  | $ | 46,308 |
Engagement based pricing | 23,872 |  |  | 35,893 |  |  | 46,843 |  |  | 66,572 |
Other Revenue(1) | 1,191 |  |  | 751 |  |  | 2,477 |  |  | 1,596 |
Cardlytics Purchase Intelligence Platform Revenue | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |

(1)Other Revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 primarily includes pricing models that do not relate to served based pricing and engagement based pricing, which includes new pricing models that we are exploring and hosting fees that we charge our FI partners to support the costs required to host our services.
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6. LEASES
We have various non-cancellable operating leases for our office spaces with lease periods expiring between 2027 and 2032.
Lease assets and liabilities, net, are as follows (in thousands):

Lease Type |  | Consolidated Balance Sheets Location | June 30, 2026 |  | December 31, 2025
Operating lease assets |  | Right-of-use assets under operating leases, net | $ | 4,096 |  |  | $ | 4,723 |
Total lease assets |  |  | $ | 4,096 |  |  | $ | 4,723 |
Operating lease liabilities, current |  | Current operating lease liabilities | $ | 1,448 |  |  | $ | 1,438 |
Operating lease liabilities, long-term |  | Long-term operating lease liabilities | 4,028 |  |  | 4,748 |
Total lease liabilities |  |  | $ | 5,476 |  |  | $ | 6,186 |

7. DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
Our debt consists of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2026 |  | December 31, 2025
Line of Credit | $ | 15,000 |  |  | $ | 40,070 |
2024 Convertible Senior Notes, net | 169,411 |  |  | 168,850 |
Total debt | $ | 184,411 |  |  | $ | 208,920 |

Accrued interest is included within accrued expenses in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of June 30, 2026, we had accrued interest related to our 2024 Convertible Senior Notes (as defined below) of $1.8 million. As of December 31, 2025, we had accrued interest related to our 2024 Convertible Senior Notes and 2020 Convertible Senior Notes of $1.8 million.
During the three months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, interest expense, net as reflected on the consolidated statements of operations consisted of interest expense of $2.5 million and $2.4 million, respectively, and interest income of $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, interest expense, net as reflected on the consolidated statements of operations consisted of interest expense of $5.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively, and interest income of $0.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively.
2024 Convertible Senior Notes
On April 1, 2024, we issued $172.5 million principal amount of our 2024 Convertible Senior Notes in a private offering, including the exercise in full of the initial purchasers' option to purchase up to an additional $22.5 million principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Senior Notes. The net proceeds from this offering were $166.8 million, after deducting the initial purchasers' discounts, commissions and the offering expense payable by us. The 2024 Convertible Senior Notes were issued pursuant to, and are governed by, an indenture, dated as of April 1, 2024 (the "2024 Indenture"), between us and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee. The 2024 Convertible Senior Notes will accrue interest at a rate of 4.25% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2024. The 2024 Convertible Senior Notes will mature on April 1, 2029, unless earlier converted or repurchased by us. Before January 2, 2029, noteholders will have the right to convert their 2024 Convertible Senior Notes only in the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price per share of our common stock, exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (ii) during the five consecutive business days immediately after any 10 consecutive trading day period (such 10 consecutive trading day period, the "measurement period") if the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 2024 Convertible Senior Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of the common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (iii) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on the common stock, as described in the 2024 Indenture; and (iv) at any time from, and including, January 2, 2029 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. We will settle conversions by paying or delivering, as applicable, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election. The initial conversion rate is 5.5494 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2024 Convertible Senior Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $180.20 per share of common stock. All share, per share, and stock price amounts in this note have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the 1-for-10 reverse stock split. The conversion rate and conversion price will be subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, if certain corporate
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events that constitute a "Make-Whole Fundamental Change" (as defined in the 2024 Indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time.
If a "Fundamental Change" (as defined in the 2024 Indenture) occurs, then, subject to a limited exception for certain cash mergers, noteholders may require us to repurchase their 2024 Convertible Senior Notes at a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Senior Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The definition of Fundamental Change includes certain business combination transactions involving us and certain de-listing events with respect to the common stock.
The net carrying amount of the liability component of the 2024 Convertible Senior Notes is as follows (in thousands):

| June 30, 2026 |  | December 31, 2025 |  |
Principal | $ | 172,500 |  |  | $ | 172,500 |  |  |
Minus: |  |  |  |  |
Unamortized issuance costs | (3,089) |  |  | (3,650) |  |  |
Net carrying amount | $ | 169,411 |  |  | $ | 168,850 |  |  |

Interest expense recognized related to the 2024 Convertible Senior Notes is as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Contractual interest expense (due in cash) | $ | 1,833 |  |  | $ | 1,833 |  |  | $ | 3,666 |  |  | $ | 3,666 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 281 |  |  | 281 |  |  | 561 |  |  | 561 |
Total interest expense related to the 2024 Convertible Senior Notes | $ | 2,114 |  |  | $ | 2,114 |  |  | $ | 4,227 |  |  | $ | 4,227 |
Effective interest rate | 4.90 | % |  | 4.90 | % |  | 4.90 | % |  | 4.90 | %

2018 Loan Facility
We have a loan facility with Pacific Western Bank (as amended and restated from time to time, the "2018 Loan Facility") which provides for a revolving line of credit (the "2018 Line of Credit") with a maximum borrowing capacity of $60.0 million with an option to increase to $75.0 million upon syndication. Borrowings are limited to 85% of eligible U.S. accounts receivable and 30% of eligible U.K. accounts receivable. The facility matures on April 15, 2028 and bears interest at the prime rate plus 0.125%. We are also required to pay an unused line fee of 0.15% per annum on the average daily unused amount of the revolving commitment. The facility requires us to maintain a minimum level of Adjusted EBITDA and minimum unrestricted cash of $20.0 million in demand deposit accounts. In April 2026, we amended our 2018 Loan Facility to lower our required minimum of unrestricted cash from $25.0 million to $20.0 million in demand deposit accounts.
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we had $5.0 million in borrowings and $30.1 million in repayments on the 2018 Line of Credit, including $20.1 million repaid in April 2026 using proceeds from the sale of PAR common stock, resulting in net repayments of $25.1 million. As of June 30, 2026, we had net borrowings of $15.0 million under the 2018 Line of Credit with $20.7 million of unused available borrowings.
During the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, we incurred $0.3 million and $0.1 million of interest expense associated with the 2018 Loan Facility, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, we incurred $0.9 million and $0.1 million of interest expense associated with the 2018 Loan Facility, respectively. We are in compliance with all financial covenants as of June 30, 2026.
Fair Value of Long-Term Debt
As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, our 2024 Convertible Senior Notes had a total carrying amount of $169.4 million and $168.9 million, and an estimated fair value of $70.2 million and $62.4 million, respectively. The estimated fair value of our 2024 Convertible Senior Notes, which are classified as Level 2 financial instruments, was determined based on the estimated or actual bid prices of the 2024 Convertible Senior Notes in an over-the-counter market on the last business day of the period.
The fair value of borrowings under our 2018 Line of Credit approximated its carrying amount as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, due to its variable interest rate nature.
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8. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Effective June 5, 2026, we effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of its common stock. All share and per share amounts in this note have been retrospectively adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the reverse stock split. Refer to Note 1—Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation for further details.
On May 20, 2025, at the 2025 Annual Meeting our stockholders approved the 2025 Plan. The aggregate number of shares of our common stock that may be issued pursuant to stock awards under the 2025 Plan will not exceed 1,572,290 shares, which is the sum of (i) 1,000,000 new shares, (ii) the number of shares reserved, and remaining available for issuance, under our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan ("2018 Plan"), and (iii) the number of shares subject to stock options or other stock awards granted under our 2008 Stock Plan ("2008 Plan") or 2018 Plan that would have otherwise returned to our 2018 Plan (such as upon the expiration or termination of a stock award prior to vesting). The 2025 Plan was previously approved, subject to stockholder approval, by our Board of Directors. The 2025 Plan became effective immediately upon stockholder approval at the 2025 Annual Meeting.
The 2018 Plan became effective in February 2018. Prior to the 2018 Plan, we granted awards under our 2008 Plan. Any awards granted under the 2008 Plan and the 2018 Plan remain subject to the terms of our 2008 Plan and 2018 Plan and applicable award agreements, and shares subject to awards granted under our 2008 Plan that are forfeited, canceled or expired prior to vesting become available for use under our 2025 Plan. As of June 30, 2026, there were 376,001 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under our 2025 Plan.
On July 18, 2022, our Board of Directors adopted the Cardlytics, Inc. 2022 Inducement Plan ("2022 Inducement Plan"). Our Board of Directors also adopted a form of stock option grant notice and agreement and a form of restricted stock unit grant notice and agreement for use with the 2022 Inducement Plan. We reserved a total of 150,000 shares of our Common Stock under the 2022 Inducement Plan. On January 18, 2023, our Board of Directors approved an amendment to the 2022 Inducement Plan to reserve an additional 35,000 shares of our common stock. On July 13, 2023, our Board of Directors approved an amendment to the 2022 Inducement Plan to reserve an additional 80,000 shares of our common stock. On November 6, 2024, our board of directors approved an amendment to the 2022 Inducement Plan to reserve an additional 250,000 shares of our common stock. As of June 30, 2026, there were 109,032 shares available under the 2022 Inducement Plan.
The following table summarizes the allocation of stock-based compensation in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  |
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  |  |  |
Delivery costs | $ | 106 |  |  | $ | 381 |  |  | $ | 374 |  |  | $ | 854 |  |  |  |  |
Sales and marketing expense | 341 |  |  | 738 |  |  | 1,049 |  |  | 2,343 |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expense | 384 |  |  | 2,933 |  |  | 2,377 |  |  | 5,733 |  |  |  |  |
General and administrative expense | 1,524 |  |  | 2,554 |  |  | 3,116 |  |  | 5,616 |  |  |  |  |
Discontinued operations | — |  |  | 895 |  |  | 267 |  |  | 1,649 |  |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ | 2,355 |  |  | $ | 7,501 |  |  | $ | 7,183 |  |  | $ | 16,195 |  |  |  |  |

The following discussion of our stock-based compensation awards includes awards related to continuing and discontinued operations.
During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, we capitalized $1.3 million and $1.9 million of stock-based compensation expense for software development, respectively.
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Restricted Stock Units
We grant restricted stock units ("RSUs") to certain employees and our non-employee directors. The following table summarizes changes in RSUs, inclusive of performance-based RSUs:

| Shares (in thousands) |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) |  | Unamortized Compensation Costs (in thousands)
Unvested — December 31, 2025 | 779 |  |  | $ | 31.50 |  |  | 0.76 |  | $ | 13,374 |
Granted | 635 |  |  | 9.50 |  |  |  |  |
Vested | (344) |  |  | 38.76 |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited | (154) |  |  | 31.47 |  |  |  |  |
Unvested — June 30, 2026 | 916 |  |  | $ | 13.49 |  |  | 1.18 |  | $ | 7,671 |

Service-based RSUs
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we granted 635,237 RSUs to employees and non-employee directors, which have vesting periods ranging from vesting immediately to vesting in four years.
Subsequent to June 30, 2026, we granted 60,320 RSUs to employees, which have vesting periods ranging from two to four years. The unamortized stock-based compensation expense related to all RSUs granted subsequent to June 30, 2026 was $0.2 million.
Performance-based RSUs
In June 2025 and March 2025, we granted 44,250 and 9,563 PSUs, respectively, which will vest at the achievement of specific stock price hurdles for at least 20 consecutive trading days at market close between April 1, 2025 and April 1, 2028.
In July 2022, we granted 10,099 PSUs which included two tranches that vest on the achievement of specific Revenue-based performance metrics ("2022 Bridg PSUs"). During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, we reassessed the likelihood of achieving the first and second tranche of the 2022 Bridg PSUs, respectively, and concluded that the achievement of each is no longer probable. As a result of the change in estimate, we reversed the previously recognized cumulative expense associated with each grant as a benefit to stock-based compensation during the period in which we deemed it no longer probable. The 2022 Bridg PSU shares were forfeited with the Bridg Sale.
In March 2022 and August 2022, we granted 26,920 and 2,525 performance-based restricted stock units ("2022 PSUs"), respectively, consisting of three tranches. The first two tranches each represent 25% of the grant, and each vests upon the achievement of certain milestones related to the installation of our Ad Server at our FI partners. In December 2022, the compensation committee of our Board of Directors certified that the first tranche's milestone related to the installation of our Ad Server at our FI partners had been achieved, which resulted in the immediate vesting of the first tranche representing 25% of the grant. In January 2025, the compensation committee of our Board of Directors certified that the second tranche's milestone had been achieved, which resulted in the immediate vesting of the second tranche representing 25% of the grant. Fifty percent of the third tranche vests upon the achievement of a certain number of advertisers purchasing both the Cardlytics and Bridg platforms at a target incremental Billings amount over the 2021 Billings amount, and the remaining 50% of the tranche vests six months after this target is achieved. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we reassessed the likelihood of achieving the third tranche's milestones and concluded that the achievement is no longer probable. As a result of the change in estimate, we have reversed the previously recognized cumulative expense associated with the third tranche of this grant as a benefit to stock-based compensation during the year ended December 31, 2024. The third tranche shares were forfeited with the Bridg Sale.
In September 2021, we granted 667 PSUs which have the same unmet revenue target vesting condition of the 2021 PSUs and 667 PSUs which have the same unmet different revenue target vesting condition of the 2021 PSUs as described below. As discussed below, we concluded that the achievement of the 2021 PSUs is no longer probable and have reversed the previously recognized cumulative expense in the respective period in which the 2021 PSUs were determined to no longer be achievable. As of April 1, 2025, the 2021 PSU was forfeited as the performance condition was not met during the performance period.
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In April 2021, we granted 11,024 performance-based restricted stock units ("2021 PSUs") consisting of two tranches. The first tranche consists of 5,512 units that have a performance-based vesting condition based on a minimum Revenue target over a trailing 12-month period. The units in this first tranche fully vest upon achievement. The second tranche consists of 5,512 units with a performance-based vesting condition based on a different minimum Revenue target over a trailing 12-month period. Half of the units in the second tranche vest upon achievement and the remaining units vest six months after the achievement date, subject to continued service. Each performance-based vesting condition within the two tranches must be achieved within four years of the grant date and are subject to certification by the compensation committee of our Board of Directors. During the year-ended December 31, 2023, we reassessed the likelihood of achieving the 2021 PSUs performance-based vesting condition and concluded that the achievement is no longer probable. As a result of the change in estimate, we have reversed the previously recognized cumulative expense associated with the 2021 PSUs since the grant date as a benefit to stock-based compensation during the year ended December 31, 2023. On April 1, 2025, the 2021 PSUs were forfeited as the performance condition was not met during the performance period.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Our 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("2018 ESPP") enables eligible employees to purchase shares of our common stock at a discount. Purchases are accomplished through participation in discrete offering periods. On each purchase date, participating employees purchase our common stock at a price per share equal to 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of our common stock on the first trading day of the offering period or the date of purchase.
As of June 30, 2026, 100,168 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to our 2018 ESPP. Additionally, the number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under our 2018 ESPP will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, which began on January 1, 2019 and will continue through and including January 1, 2028, by the lesser of (i) 1% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, (ii) 50,000 shares of our common stock or (iii) such lesser number of shares of common stock as determined by our Board of Directors. Accordingly, the number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under our 2018 ESPP increased by 50,000 shares on January 1, 2026. Shares subject to purchase rights granted under our 2018 ESPP that terminate without having been issued in full will not reduce the number of shares available for issuance under our 2018 ESPP. During the three months ended June 30, 2026, we issued 12,243 shares under the 2018 ESPP.
9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
We record the fair value of assets and liabilities in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820"). ASC 820 defines fair value as the price received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and in the principal or most advantageous market for that asset or liability. The fair value should be calculated based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, not on assumptions specific to the entity.
In addition to defining fair value, ASC 820 expands the disclosure requirements around fair value and establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. Each fair value measurement is reported in one of the three levels, which is determined by the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
The fair value of our reporting units was classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the significance of unobservable inputs developed using company-specific information. Refer to Note 4—Goodwill for further details.
These levels are:
•Level 1 - quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2 - quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
•Level 3 - unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability at fair value.
Included in the fair value table are cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are comprised of money market funds, which approximates fair value at the balance sheet dates, due to the short period of time to maturity. The fair value of cash equivalents was as follows (in thousands):
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| June 30, 2026
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 11,616 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,616 |
Total cash equivalents at fair value | $ | 11,616 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,616 |

| December 31, 2025
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 26,283 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,283 |
Total cash equivalents at fair value | $ | 26,283 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,283 |

For disclosures regarding the estimated fair value of our long-term debt, see Note 7 — Debt and Financing Arrangements.
10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Other Commitments
We lease property under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Refer to Note 6—Leases for further details.
As of June 30, 2026, we had net borrowings of $15.0 million against the 2018 Line of Credit. As of June 30, 2026, the outstanding principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Senior Notes was $172.5 million bearing an interest rate of 4.25% due on April 1, 2029. Refer to Note 7—Debt and Financing Arrangements for further details.
In January 2024, we renewed a cloud hosting agreement guaranteeing aggregate spend to a cloud hosting provider of $17.0 million each year over a three-year period. During the second year of the agreement, we had $16.2 million of aggregated spend. As a result of the shortfall, we accrued $0.8 million within accrued expenses liability on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2025. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we entered into a new five-year agreement which replaced the existing three-year agreement and remediated the shortfall from year two. The new terms establish a year-one guaranteed aggregate spend of $10.0 million, escalating by $0.5 million annually thereafter. As a result of entering into the new agreement, we reversed the previously recognized $0.8 million expense that had been accrued as of December 31, 2025.
Litigation and Guarantees
From time to time, we may become involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business including, but not limited to, intellectual property infringement and collection matters. We make assumptions and estimates concerning the likelihood and amount of any potential loss relating to these matters using the latest information available. We record a liability for litigation if an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. If an unfavorable outcome is probable and a reasonable estimate of the loss is a range, we accrue the best estimate within the range. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, we accrue the minimum amount within the range. If an unfavorable outcome is probable but the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, we disclose the nature of the litigation and indicate that an estimate of the loss or range of loss cannot be made. If an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible and the estimated loss is material, we disclose the nature and estimate of the possible loss of the litigation. We do not disclose information with respect to litigation where an unfavorable outcome is considered to be remote or where the estimated loss would not be material.
Additionally, we have assumed certain indemnification agreements in conjunction with acquisitions with former directors and officers. As part of the Bridg acquisition, we assumed certain indemnification obligations of that company's officers.
During the three months ended June 30, 2026, we engaged in further negotiations with the officer in order to settle the indemnification obligation, specifically the allocated portion of the former officer's settlement with co-defendants of $5.3 million, and additional amounts of claimed attorney's fees by the former officer of $1.8 million. Based on the negotiations, we increased the accrual by $5.2 million, resulting in a total accrual of $5.3 million related to the settlement and $1.2 million for the attorney's fees as of June 30, 2026. We expect $4.0 million of this amount to be covered by the applicable D&O insurance policy. This obligation has been included within discontinued operations as it is directly attributable to the Bridg acquisition, which was
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divested in the first quarter of 2026. We will also continue to pay on-going attorney's fees that are covered by the indemnification agreement.
Pursuant to ASC 460, Guarantees, we have determined that the loss is both probable and estimable, representing the best estimate of the probable obligation. Based on the allocation to the former officer, the maximum potential exposure is $5.3 million, of which $4.0 million is expected to be covered by the applicable D&O insurance policy. We will recognize a corresponding insurance recovery asset once we have agreed on a final settlement amount with the insurance provider, in accordance with ASC 450-20.
We are not presently a party to any other legal proceedings that, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition or cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.
11. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Effective June 5, 2026, we effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of its common stock. All share and per share amounts in this note have been retrospectively adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the reverse stock split. Refer to Note 1—Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation for further details.
Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 because the effects of potentially dilutive items were anti-dilutive, given our net losses during thes e periods. The following securities as of June 30, 2026 and 2025 have been excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding because the effect is anti-dilutive (in thousands):

| June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025
Common stock options | 4 |  |  | 4 |
2020 Convertible Senior Notes | — |  |  | 54 |
2024 Convertible Senior Notes | 957 |  |  | 957 |
Unvested restricted stock units | 916 |  |  | 726 |
Common stock issuable pursuant to the 2018 ESPP | 13 |  |  | 23 |

12. SEGMENTS
Segment information presented below is based on our Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform reportable segment. Refer to Note 3—Discontinued Operations for further discussion regarding the divestiture of our Bridg business.
As of June 30, 2026, we have two operating segments: the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform in the U.S. and U.K, as determined by the information that our Chief Executive Officer, who we consider our chief operating decision-maker ("CODM"), uses to make strategic goals and operating decisions. Our Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform operating segments in the U.S. and U.K. represent our proprietary advertising channels and are aggregated into one reportable segment given their similar economic characteristics, nature of service, types of customers and method of distribution. Our CODM allocates resources to, and evaluates the performance of, our operating segments based on Adjusted Contribution. Our CODM uses Adjusted Contribution extensively to measure the efficiency of our advertising platform, make decisions to manage advertising campaigns and evaluate our operational performance. We view Adjusted Contribution as an important operating measure of our financial results. We believe that Adjusted Contribution provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and Board of Directors. Our CODM does not review assets by operating segment for the purposes of evaluating performance or allocating resources.
Revenue can be directly attributable to each segment. With the exception of deferred implementation costs, Partner Share and other third-party costs is also directly attributable to each segment. The accounting policies of each of our reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Refer to Note 5—Revenue for further information.
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The following tables provide information regarding the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform reportable segment (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |
Minus: Adjusted Partner Share | 14,979 |  |  | 25,831 |  |  | 28,869 |  |  | 53,896 |
Minus: Other third-party costs(1) | 635 |  |  | 890 |  |  | 1,342 |  |  | 1,929 |
Adjusted Contribution | $ | 21,268 |  |  | $ | 31,320 |  |  | $ | 40,990 |  |  | $ | 58,651 |

(1)Other third-party costs above primarily represents media and data costs that we incur to support the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform.
Adjusted Contribution
Adjusted Contribution measures the degree by which Revenue generated from our marketers exceeds the cost to obtain the purchase data and the digital advertising space from our partners. Adjusted Contribution demonstrates how incremental Revenue on our platform generates incremental amounts to support our sales and marketing, research and development, general and administrative and other investments. Adjusted Contribution is calculated by taking our total Revenue less our Partner Share and other third-party costs. Adjusted Contribution does not take into account all costs associated with generating Revenue from advertising campaigns, including sales and marketing expenses, research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses, which we do not take into consideration when making decisions on how to manage our advertising campaigns. Management views Adjusted Contribution as the most relevant metric to measure our financial performance as it reflects the dollars we keep after all of our partners are paid.
The following table presents a reconciliation of loss before income taxes from continuing operations presented in accordance with GAAP to Adjusted Contribution (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Adjusted Contribution | $ | 21,268 |  |  | $ | 31,320 |  |  | $ | 40,990 |  |  | $ | 58,651 |
Minus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Delivery costs | 2,648 |  |  | 5,356 |  |  | 5,229 |  |  | 11,142 |
Sales and marketing expense | 6,605 |  |  | 8,943 |  |  | 13,366 |  |  | 19,324 |
Research and development expense | 5,540 |  |  | 9,867 |  |  | 11,970 |  |  | 20,145 |
General and administrative expense | 7,855 |  |  | 12,238 |  |  | 16,136 |  |  | 25,181 |
Change in contingent consideration | — |  |  | 42 |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Loss (gain) on divestiture | — |  |  | 200 |  |  | — |  |  | (5,150) |
Depreciation and amortization expense | 4,061 |  |  | 4,243 |  |  | 8,004 |  |  | 8,591 |
Total other expense (income) | 3,218 |  |  | (3,506) |  |  | 8,742 |  |  | (4,303) |
Loss before income taxes from continuing operations | $ | (8,659) |  |  | $ | (6,063) |  |  | $ | (22,457) |  |  | $ | (16,381) |

The following tables provide geographical information (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 29,552 |  |  | $ | 50,878 |  |  | $ | 57,186 |  |  | $ | 101,804 |
United Kingdom | 7,330 |  |  | 7,163 |  |  | 14,015 |  |  | 12,672 |
Total | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |

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| June 30, 2026 |  | December 31, 2025
Property and equipment, net: |  |  |
United States | $ | 1,574 |  |  | $ | 1,872 |
United Kingdom | 43 |  |  | 59 |
Total | $ | 1,617 |  |  | $ | 1,931 |

Capital expenditures within the United States totaled less than $0.1 million and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Capital expenditures within the United Kingdom totaled less than $0.1 million for each period during the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.
Concentrations of Risk
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. A significant portion of our cash and cash equivalents are held in fully FDIC-insured money market accounts and demand deposit accounts that distribute funds, and credit risk, over a vast number of financial institutions. Our remaining cash and cash equivalents are held with five financial institutions, which are of high credit quality.
Marketers
As of December 31, 2025, we define a marketer as a customer who has a distinct contractual relationship with us, rather than aggregating by parent company.
Our Revenue and accounts receivable are diversified among a large number of marketers segregated by both geography and industry. During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, our top five marketers accounted for 28% and 19% of our Revenue, respectively, with no marketer accounting for over 10%. As of June 30, 2026 and 2025, our top five marketers accounted for 28% and 27% of our accounts receivable, respectively, with no marketer accounting for over 10%.
FI Partners
Our business is substantially dependent on a limited number of FI partners. We require participation from our FI partners in the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform and access to their purchase data in order to offer our solutions to marketers and their agencies. We must have FI partners with a sufficient number of customers and levels of customer engagement to ensure that we have robust purchase data and marketing space to support a broad array of incentive programs for marketers. Our agreements with a substantial majority of our FI partners have terms of three to seven years but are generally terminable by the FI partner on 90 days or less prior notice. The agreements generally have auto-renewal provisions that allow for the agreements to extend past their originally contemplated end date, unless terminated earlier in accordance with the terms of the agreement. If an FI partner terminates its agreement with us, we would lose that FI partner as a source of purchase data and online banking customers.
During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, our top three FI partners combined to account for over 85% and 80% respectively, of the total Partner Share we paid to all partners for each period, with the top two FI partners representing over 60% for each period.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with (1) our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10–Q and (2) the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes and management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 4, 2026.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "will," "would" or the negative or plural of these words or similar expressions or variations, and such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to our business strategy, plans and objectives for future operations, including our expectations regarding our expenses; continued enhancements of our platform and new product offerings; our future financial and business performance; and our ability to continue to add new FI partners and marketers and maintain our relationships with existing FI partners and marketers. The events described in these forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified herein, and those discussed in the section titled "Risk Factors," set forth in our Annual Report on 10-K, in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other SEC filings. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.
Overview
We operate a purchase intelligence platform that transforms transaction data into targeted, personalized offers and rewards for consumer brands, delivered through a banking and commerce platform in the United States and the United Kingdom. At the core of our platform is the financial media network that we operate within our partners' digital channels, which includes online and mobile applications (the "Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform"). The partners for the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform are predominantly financial institutions ("FI partners") that provide us with access to their anonymized purchase data and digital banking customers. By applying advanced analytics to the purchase data we receive, we make it actionable, helping marketers reach potential buyers at scale and measure the true incremental sales impact of their marketing spend. We have strong relationships with leading marketers across a variety of industries, including everyday spend, specialty retail, restaurant, travel and entertainment.
Working with an advertiser, we design a campaign that targets consumers based on their verified purchase history, including total-wallet visibility into competitive and cross-category spending. The consumer is offered an incentive ("Consumer Incentives") to make a purchase from the brand within a specified period. We use a portion of the fees that we collect from advertisers to provide these Consumer Incentives to customers after they make qualifying purchases. We report our Revenue on our consolidated statements of operations net of Consumer Incentives since we do not provide the goods or services that are purchased by customers from the advertisers to which the Consumer Incentives relate.
We pay certain partners a negotiated and fixed percentage of our Billings to advertisers less any Consumer Incentives that we pay to consumers and certain third-party data costs ("Partner Share"). We report our Revenue gross of Partner Share. Partner Share costs are included in Partner Share and other third-party costs in our consolidated statements of operations, rather than as a reduction of Revenue, because we and not our partners act as the principal in our arrangements with advertisers.
We run campaigns offering compelling Consumer Incentives to drive an expected rate of return on advertising spend for marketers. At times, we may collaborate with a partner to enhance the level of Consumer Incentives to their respective customers, funded by their Partner Share. We believe that these investments by our partners positively impact our platform by making their customers more highly engaged with our platform. However, these investments negatively impact our GAAP Revenue, which is reported net of Consumer Incentives.
Divestitures and Presentation
On January 23, 2026, we entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with PAR Technology Corporation (“PAR”) and DB Sub, LLC, an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary of PAR (“Buyer”), pursuant to which Buyer agreed to acquire all of our assets, properties and rights primarily related to, or primarily used in, our Bridg platform (the “Purchased Assets” and the sale by the Company thereof, the “Bridg Sale”), subject to certain exceptions.
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On March 24, 2026 (the “Closing Date”), we completed the Bridg Sale. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, on the Closing Date, PAR delivered to us 1,810,222 shares of common stock in PAR as consideration for the Bridg Sale, which we subsequently sold for cash proceeds of $23.0 million, net of fees.
The Dosh app, a consumer facing cashback mobile application operated by Dosh Holdings LLC, was decommissioned on February 28, 2025. In connection with the decommission, for the six months ended June 30, 2025, we recorded a gain on disposal or divestiture of $5.2 million primarily due to the derecognition of the wallet liability associated with the Dosh app within the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Non-GAAP Measures and Other Performance Metrics
We regularly monitor a number of financial and operating metrics in order to measure our current performance and estimate our future performance. Our metrics may be calculated in a manner different than similar metrics used by other companies.
Key Performance Metrics

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 |  |
in thousands except ACPU amounts | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  |  |  |
Cardlytics MQUs | 185,423 |  |  | 224,464 |  |  | 191,217 |  |  | 219,677 |  |  |  |  |
Cardlytics ACPU | $ | 0.11 |  |  | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  |  |  |

During the three months ended June 30, 2026, Cardlytics MQUs decreased by 39.0 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily driven by an FI partner in the U.S. exiting the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, Cardlytics MQUs decreased by 28.5 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily driven by an FI partner in the U.S. exiting the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform.
Cardlytics Monthly Qualified Users ("MQUs")
We define MQUs as targetable customers that have made a transaction using their account with primarily an FI Partner in a given month, excluding pilot supply during the ramp up period, and whose transaction data was shared with Cardlytics. We then calculate a monthly average of these MQUs for the periods presented. We believe that the number of MQUs is an indicator of the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform's ability to drive engagement and is reflective of the consumer base and insights that we offer to marketers.
Cardlytics Adjusted Contribution per User ("ACPU")
We define ACPU as the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform Adjusted Contribution generated in the applicable period, divided by Cardlytics average MQUs in the applicable period. We believe that Adjusted Contribution is the most relevant metric as it reflects the value Cardlytics keeps after subtracting out rewards, Partner Share and other third-party costs. We believe that ACPU measures the Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform's efficiency in converting marketer budgets into the value generated by customer engagement.
Key Financial Metrics (Including Non-GAAP Metrics)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Revenue(1) | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |
Consumer Incentives | $ | 28,587 |  |  | $ | 40,799 |  |  | $ | 52,414 |  |  | $ | 76,480 |
Billings(1) | $ | 65,469 |  |  | $ | 98,840 |  |  | $ | 123,615 |  |  | $ | 190,956 |
Gross Profit(1) | $ | 18,620 |  |  | $ | 25,964 |  |  | $ | 35,761 |  |  | $ | 47,509 |
Adjusted Contribution(1) | $ | 21,268 |  |  | $ | 31,320 |  |  | $ | 40,990 |  |  | $ | 58,651 |
Net Loss | $ | (14,876) |  |  | $ | (9,283) |  |  | $ | (19,356) |  |  | $ | (22,565) |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $ | 1,702 |  |  | $ | 2,996 |  |  | $ | 1,932 |  |  | $ | (1,121) |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | $ | (8,597) |  |  | $ | 1,227 |  |  | $ | (14,239) |  |  | $ | (5,481) |
Free Cash Flow | $ | (10,702) |  |  | $ | (3,431) |  |  | $ | (18,648) |  |  | $ | (14,242) |

(1)Revenues, Billings, Gross Profit, Adjusted Contribution, and Adjusted EBITDA reflect the effects of disposed businesses through the respective disposal dates. Refer to Note 3—Discontinued Operations to our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the divestiture of our Bridg business.
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Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures
Billings
Billings represents the gross amount billed to customers and marketers for services in order to generate revenue. Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform Billings is recognized gross of both Consumer Incentives and Partner Share. GAAP Revenue is recognized net of Consumer Incentives and gross of Partner Share.
We review Billings for internal management purposes. We believe Billings is an important indicator for the current health of the business because it directly represents our ability to bill customers for our services before any Consumer Incentives are paid. Nevertheless, our use of Billings has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under GAAP. Other companies, including companies in our industry that have similar business arrangements, may address the impact of Consumer Incentives differently. You should consider Billings alongside our other GAAP financial results.
Adjusted Contribution
Adjusted Contribution measures the degree by which Revenue generated from our marketers exceeds the cost to obtain the purchase data and the digital advertising space from our partners. Adjusted Contribution demonstrates how incremental Revenue on our platform generates incremental amounts to support our sales and marketing, research and development, general and administrative and other investments. Adjusted Contribution is calculated by taking our total Revenue less our Partner Share and other third-party costs. Adjusted Contribution does not take into account all costs associated with generating Revenue from advertising campaigns, including sales and marketing expenses, research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses, which we do not take into consideration when making decisions on how to manage our advertising campaigns. Management views Adjusted Contribution as the most relevant metric to measure our financial performance as it reflects the dollars we keep after all of our partners are paid.
We use Adjusted Contribution extensively to measure the efficiency of our advertising platform, make decisions to manage advertising campaigns and evaluate our operational performance. We view Adjusted Contribution as an important operating measure of our financial results. We believe that Adjusted Contribution provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and Board of Directors. Adjusted Contribution should not be considered in isolation from, or as an alternative to, measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted Contribution should be considered together with other operating and financial performance measures presented in accordance with GAAP. Also, Adjusted Contribution may not necessarily be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies. Refer to Note 12 - Segments to our condensed consolidated financial statements for further details on our Adjusted Contribution by segment.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA represents our Net Loss before interest expense, net; depreciation and amortization; stock-based compensation expense continuing operations; separation costs and reduction in force; foreign currency (gain) loss; loss on investment; loss (gain) on divestiture; change in contingent consideration and loss (income) from discontinued operations and, in applicable periods, certain other income and expense items, such as impairment of goodwill and intangible assets; income tax benefit; gain on debt extinguishment and deferred implementation costs. We do not consider these excluded items to be indicative of our core operating performance. Of these items depreciation and amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets and foreign currency gain (loss) are non-cash impacting. Notably, any impacts related to minimum Partner Share commitments in connection with agreements with certain partners are not added back to net loss in order to calculate Adjusted EBITDA.
Adjusted EBITDA is a key measure used by management to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends and to generate future operating plans, make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital and invest in initiatives that are focused on cultivating new markets for our solution. In particular, the exclusion of certain expenses in calculating Adjusted EBITDA facilitates comparisons of our operating performance on a period-to-period basis. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure calculated in accordance with GAAP.
We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and Board of Directors. Nevertheless, use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are: (1) Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; (2) Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the potentially dilutive impact of stock-based compensation and equity instruments issued to our partners; (3) Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect tax payments or receipts that may represent a reduction or increase in cash available to us; and (4) other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA or similarly titled measures differently, which reduces the usefulness of the metric as a comparative measure. Because of these and other limitations, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside our net loss and other GAAP financial
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results.
Free Cash Flow
We define Free Cash Flow as net cash (used in) provided by operating activities, plus acquisition of property and equipment and capitalized software development costs and, in applicable periods, acquisition of patents, and legal indemnification payments. We believe free cash flow is useful to measure the funds generated in a given period that are available for distribution or to sustain the business. We believe this supplemental information enhances stockholders' ability to evaluate our performance.
Results of Non-GAAP Measures
Billings
The following table presents a reconciliation of Billings to Revenue, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Revenue(1) | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer Incentives | 28,587 |  |  | 40,799 |  |  | 52,414 |  |  | 76,480 |
Billings(1) | $ | 65,469 |  |  | $ | 98,840 |  |  | $ | 123,615 |  |  | $ | 190,956 |

(1)Revenue and Billings reflect the effects of disposed businesses through the respective disposal dates. Refer to Note 3—Discontinued Operations to our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the divestiture of the Bridg business.
Adjusted Contribution
The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted Contribution to gross profit, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Revenue(1) | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |
Minus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Partner Share and other third-party costs(1) | 15,614 |  |  | 26,721 |  |  | 30,211 |  |  | 55,825 |
Delivery costs(1)(2) | 2,648 |  |  | 5,356 |  |  | 5,229 |  |  | 11,142 |
Gross Profit(1) | 18,620 |  |  | 25,964 |  |  | 35,761 |  |  | 47,509 |
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Delivery costs(1)(2) | 2,648 |  |  | 5,356 |  |  | 5,229 |  |  | 11,142 |
Adjusted Contribution(1) | $ | 21,268 |  |  | $ | 31,320 |  |  | $ | 40,990 |  |  | $ | 58,651 |

(1)Revenue, Partner Share and other third-party costs, Delivery costs, Gross Profit and Adjusted Contribution reflect the effects of disposed businesses through the respective disposal dates. Refer to Note 3—Discontinued Operations to our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the divestiture of the Bridg business.
(2)Stock-based compensation expense recognized in consolidated deliver y costs totaled $0.1 million and $0.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in consolidated delivery costs totaled $0.4 million and $0.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
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Adjusted EBITDA
The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net Loss, the most directly comparable GAAP measure:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Net Loss | $ | (14,876) |  |  | $ | (9,283) |  |  | $ | (19,356) |  |  | $ | (22,565) |
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | 2,281 |  |  | 1,943 |  |  | 4,814 |  |  | 3,773 |
Depreciation and amortization | 4,061 |  |  | 4,243 |  |  | 8,004 |  |  | 8,591 |
Stock-based compensation expense continuing operations | 2,355 |  |  | 6,606 |  |  | 6,916 |  |  | 14,546 |
Separation costs and reduction in force | 727 |  |  | 1,474 |  |  | 727 |  |  | 1,474 |
Foreign currency (gain) loss | (165) |  |  | (5,449) |  |  | 1,541 |  |  | (8,076) |
Loss on investment | 1,102 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,387 |  |  | — |
Loss (gain) on divestiture | — |  |  | 200 |  |  | — |  |  | (5,150) |
Change in contingent consideration | — |  |  | 42 |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Loss (income) from discontinued operations | 6,217 |  |  | 3,220 |  |  | (3,101) |  |  | 6,184 |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 1,702 |  |  | $ | 2,996 |  |  | $ | 1,932 |  |  | $ | (1,121) |

Free Cash Flow
The following is a reconciliation of free cash flow to net cash used in operating activities, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | $ | (8,597) |  |  | $ | 1,227 |  |  | $ | (14,239) |  |  | $ | (5,481) |
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition of property and equipment | (2) |  |  | (322) |  |  | (30) |  |  | (441) |
Capitalized software development costs | (2,103) |  |  | (4,336) |  |  | (4,379) |  |  | (8,320) |
Free Cash Flow | $ | (10,702) |  |  | $ | (3,431) |  |  | $ | (18,648) |  |  | $ | (14,242) |

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Results of Operations
The following table presents our condensed consolidated statements of operations:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025
Revenue | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Partner Share and other third-party costs | 15,614 |  |  | 26,721 |  |  | 30,211 |  |  | 55,825 |
Delivery costs | 2,648 |  |  | 5,356 |  |  | 5,229 |  |  | 11,142 |
Sales and marketing expense | 6,605 |  |  | 8,943 |  |  | 13,366 |  |  | 19,324 |
Research and development expense | 5,540 |  |  | 9,867 |  |  | 11,970 |  |  | 20,145 |
General and administrative expense | 7,855 |  |  | 12,238 |  |  | 16,136 |  |  | 25,181 |
Change in contingent consideration | — |  |  | 42 |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Loss (gain) on divestiture | — |  |  | 200 |  |  | — |  |  | (5,150) |
Depreciation and amortization expense | 4,061 |  |  | 4,243 |  |  | 8,004 |  |  | 8,591 |
Total costs and expenses | 42,323 |  |  | 67,610 |  |  | 84,916 |  |  | 135,160 |
Operating loss | (5,441) |  |  | (9,569) |  |  | (13,715) |  |  | (20,684) |
Other (expense) income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | (2,281) |  |  | (1,943) |  |  | (4,814) |  |  | (3,773) |
Loss on investment | (1,102) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,387) |  |  | — |
Foreign currency gain (loss) | 165 |  |  | 5,449 |  |  | (1,541) |  |  | 8,076 |
Total other (expense) income | (3,218) |  |  | 3,506 |  |  | (8,742) |  |  | 4,303 |
Loss before income taxes from continuing operations | (8,659) |  |  | (6,063) |  |  | (22,457) |  |  | (16,381) |
Income tax benefit | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Loss from continuing operations | (8,659) |  |  | (6,063) |  |  | (22,457) |  |  | (16,381) |
(Loss) income from discontinued operations | (6,217) |  |  | (3,220) |  |  | 3,101 |  |  | (6,184) |
Net loss | $ | (14,876) |  |  | $ | (9,283) |  |  | $ | (19,356) |  |  | $ | (22,565) |

Comparison of Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025
Divestitures and Presentation
As a result of the closing of the Bridg Sale, we analyzed quantitative and qualitative factors relevant to the Bridg disposal group and determined that the accounting criteria to be classified as held for sale and a discontinued operation were met during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026. Accordingly, the operating results of the Bridg business have been reflected as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
Revenue
We report our Revenue net of Consumer Incentives and gross of Partner Share and other third-party costs. Refer to Note 5—Revenue for further details on our revenue recognition policies.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Billings | $ | 65,469 |  |  | $ | 98,840 |  |  | $ | (33,371) |  |  | (34) | % |  | $ | 123,615 |  |  | $ | 190,956 |  |  | $ | (67,341) |  |  | (35) | %
Consumer Incentives | 28,587 |  |  | 40,799 |  |  | (12,212) |  |  | (30) |  |  | 52,414 |  |  | 76,480 |  |  | (24,066) |  |  | (31) |
Revenue | $ | 36,882 |  |  | $ | 58,041 |  |  | $ | (21,159) |  |  | (36) | % |  | $ | 71,201 |  |  | $ | 114,476 |  |  | $ | (43,275) |  |  | (38) | %
% of Billings | 56 | % |  | 59 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 58 | % |  | 60 | % |  |  |  |

The $21.2 million decrease in Revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025 was comprised of a $33.4 million decrease in Billings due to the change in bank partner relationships, partially offset by a $12.2 million decrease in Consumer Incentives. Consumer Incentives decreased at a lower rate than Billings during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025 primarily due to strategic decisions to drive incremental performance for our advertisers as well as optimization of our network.
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The $43.3 million decrease in Revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025 was comprised of a $67.3 million decrease in Billings due to the change in bank partner relationships, partially offset by a $24.1 million decrease in Consumer Incentives. Consumer Incentives decreased at a lower rate than Billings during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to strategic decisions to drive incremental performance for our advertisers as well as optimization of our network.
Costs and Expenses
Partner Share and Other Third-Party Costs
Partner Share and other third-party costs consist primarily of the Partner Share that we pay our partners, media and data costs and deferred implementation costs incurred pursuant to our agreements with certain partners. We expect these costs to fluctuate in connection with changes in our Revenue. Refer to Note 5—Revenue for further details.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Partner Share and other third-party costs | $ | 15,614 |  |  | $ | 26,721 |  |  | $ | (11,107) |  |  | (42) | % |  | $ | 30,211 |  |  | $ | 55,825 |  |  | $ | (25,614) |  |  | (46) | %
% of Revenue | 42 | % |  | 46 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 42 | % |  | 49 | % |  |  |  |

Partner Share and other third-party costs decreased by $11.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily driven by lower top line billings and changes in Partner mix.
Partner Share and other third-party costs decreased by $25.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily driven by lower top line billings and changes in Partner mix.
Delivery Costs
Delivery costs consist primarily of personnel costs of our campaign, data operations and production support teams, including salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation and payroll taxes. Delivery costs also include hosting costs, purchased or licensed software costs, outsourcing costs and professional services costs.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Delivery costs excluding stock-based compensation expense and separation costs and reduction in force | $ | 2,542 |  |  | $ | 4,729 |  |  | $ | (2,187) |  |  | (46) | % |  | $ | 4,855 |  |  | $ | 10,042 |  |  | $ | (5,187) |  |  | (52) | %
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation expense | 106 |  |  | 381 |  |  | (275) |  |  | (72) | % |  | 374 |  |  | 854 |  |  | (480) |  |  | (56) | %
Separation costs and reduction in force | — |  |  | 246 |  |  | (246) |  |  | n/a |  | — |  |  | 246 |  |  | (246) |  |  | n/a
Total delivery costs | $ | 2,648 |  |  | $ | 5,356 |  |  | $ | (2,708) |  |  | (51) | % |  | $ | 5,229 |  |  | $ | 11,142 |  |  | $ | (5,913) |  |  | (53) | %
% of Revenue | 7 | % |  | 9 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 7 | % |  | 10 | % |  |  |  |

Total delivery costs decreased by $2.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. Delivery costs excluding st ock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $2.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, driven by a decrease of $1.4 million in data storage expense and $0.8 million in staff expense.
Total delivery costs decreased by $5.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025. Delivery costs excluding stock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $5.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, driven by a decrease of $3.3 million in data storage expense and $1.9 million in staff expense.
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Sales and Marketing Expense

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Sales and marketing expense excluding stock-based compensation expense and separation costs and reduction in force | $ | 6,264 |  |  | $ | 7,574 |  |  | $ | (1,310) |  |  | (17) | % |  | $ | 12,317 |  |  | $ | 16,350 |  |  | $ | (4,033) |  |  | (25) | %
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation expense | 341 |  |  | 738 |  |  | (397) |  |  | (54) |  |  | 1,049 |  |  | 2,343 |  |  | (1,294) |  |  | (55) |
Separation costs and reduction in force | — |  |  | 631 |  |  | (631) |  |  | n/a |  | — |  |  | 631 |  |  | (631) |  |  | n/a
Total sales and marketing expense | $ | 6,605 |  |  | $ | 8,943 |  |  | $ | (2,338) |  |  | (26) | % |  | $ | 13,366 |  |  | $ | 19,324 |  |  | $ | (5,958) |  |  | (31) | %
% of Revenue | 18 | % |  | 15 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 19 | % |  | 17 | % |  |  |  |

Total sales and marketing expe nse decreased by $2.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. Sales and marketing expenses excluding stock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $1.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025 primarily due to a decrease of $1.1 million in staff expenses, $0.1 million in advertising expense, and $0.1 million in other administrative expense.
Total sales and marketing expe nse decreased by $6.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025. Sales and marketing expenses excluding stock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $4.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily due to a decrease of $3.8 million in staff expenses, $0.2 million in marketing expense, and $0.1 million in other administrative expenses, partially offset by a $0.1 million increase in travel and entertainment expense.
Research and Development Expense

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Research and development expense excluding stock-based compensation expense and separation costs and reduction in force | $ | 4,917 |  |  | $ | 6,573 |  |  | $ | (1,656) |  |  | (25) | % |  | $ | 9,354 |  |  | $ | 14,051 |  |  | $ | (4,697) |  |  | (33) | %
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation expense | 384 |  |  | 2,933 |  |  | (2,549) |  |  | (87) |  |  | 2,377 |  |  | 5,733 |  |  | (3,356) |  |  | (59) |
Separation costs and reduction in force | 239 |  |  | 361 |  |  | (122) |  |  | (34) |  |  | 239 |  |  | 361 |  |  | (122) |  |  | (34) |
Total research and development expense | $ | 5,540 |  |  | $ | 9,867 |  |  | $ | (4,327) |  |  | (44) | % |  | $ | 11,970 |  |  | $ | 20,145 |  |  | $ | (8,175) |  |  | (41) | %
% of Revenue | 15 | % |  | 17 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 17 | % |  | 18 | % |  |  |  |

Total research and development expense decreased by $4.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. Research and development expenses excluding stock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $1.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to a decrease of $2.4 million in staff expenses, partially offset by a $0.7 million increase in data storage and software license expense.
Total research and development expense decreased by $8.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025. Research and development expenses excluding stock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $4.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to a decrease of $4.8 million in staff expenses and a $0.2 million decrease in professional fees, partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in data storage and software license expense.
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General and Administrative Expense

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
General and administrative expense excluding stock-based compensation expense and separation costs and reduction in force | $ | 5,843 |  |  | $ | 9,448 |  |  | $ | (3,605) |  |  | (38) | % |  | $ | 12,532 |  |  | $ | 19,329 |  |  | $ | (6,797) |  |  | (35) | %
Plus: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation expense | 1,524 |  |  | 2,554 |  |  | (1,030) |  |  | (40) |  |  | 3,116 |  |  | 5,616 |  |  | (2,500) |  |  | (45) |
Separation costs and reduction in force | 488 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 488 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 107 |
Total general and administrative expense | $ | 7,855 |  |  | $ | 12,238 |  |  | $ | (4,383) |  |  | (36) | % |  | $ | 16,136 |  |  | $ | 25,181 |  |  | $ | (9,045) |  |  | (36) | %
% of Revenue | 21 | % |  | 21 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 23 | % |  | 22 | % |  |  |  |

Total general and administrative expense decreased by $4.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. General and administrative expense excluding stock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $3.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to reductions of $1.4 million in staff expense, $1.1 million in other administrative expense, $0.3 million in facilities expense, $0.3 million in IT expense, $0.3 million in professional fees, and $0.2 million in travel and entertainment fees.
Total general and administrative expense decreased by $9.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025. General and administrative expense excluding stock-based compensation, separation costs, and reduction in force decreased by $6.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to reductions of $2.6 million in staff expense, $1.6 million in other administrative expense, $0.8 million in professional fees, $0.6 million in facilities expense, $0.5 million in IT expense, $0.3 million in travel and entertainment expense, and $0.4 million in tax expense.
Stock-based Compensation Expense
The following table summarizes the allocation of stock-based compensation in the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Delivery costs | $ | 106 |  |  | $ | 381 |  |  | $ | (275) |  |  | (72) | % |  | $ | 374 |  |  | $ | 854 |  |  | $ | (480) |  |  | (56) | %
Sales and marketing expense | 341 |  |  | 738 |  |  | (397) |  |  | (54) |  |  | 1,049 |  |  | 2,343 |  |  | (1,294) |  |  | (55) |
Research and development expense | 384 |  |  | 2,933 |  |  | (2,549) |  |  | (87) |  |  | 2,377 |  |  | 5,733 |  |  | (3,356) |  |  | (59) |
General and administrative expense | 1,524 |  |  | 2,554 |  |  | (1,030) |  |  | (40) |  |  | 3,116 |  |  | 5,616 |  |  | (2,500) |  |  | (45) |
Discontinued Operations | — |  |  | 895 |  |  | (895) |  |  | n/a |  | 267 |  |  | 1,649 |  |  | (1,382) |  |  | (84) |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ | 2,355 |  |  | $ | 7,501 |  |  | $ | (5,146) |  |  | (69) | % |  | $ | 7,183 |  |  | $ | 16,195 |  |  | $ | (9,012) |  |  | (56) | %
% of Revenue | 6 | % |  | 13 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 10 | % |  | 14 | % |  |  |  |

Stock-based compensation expense decreased by $5.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily driven by higher forfeitures due to a reduction in headcount as a result of the reductions in force that occurred during 2025. Refer to Note 8—Stock-based Compensation to our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the change in stock compensation expense.
Stock-based compensation expense decreased by $9.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily driven by higher forfeitures due to a reduction in headcount as a result of the reductions in force that occurred during 2025. Refer to Note 8—Stock-based Compensation to our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the change in stock compensation expense.
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Separation Costs and Reduction in Force
Separation costs and reduction in force include one-time severance and related expenses.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Delivery costs | $ | — |  |  | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | (246) |  |  | n/a |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | (246) |  |  | n/a
Sales and marketing expense | — |  |  | 631 |  |  | (631) |  |  | n/a |  | — |  |  | 631 |  |  | (631) |  |  | n/a
Research and development expense | 239 |  |  | 361 |  |  | (122) |  |  | (34) |  |  | 239 |  |  | 361 |  |  | (122) |  |  | (34) |
General and administrative expense | 488 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 488 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 107 |
Total separation costs and reduction in force | $ | 727 |  |  | $ | 1,474 |  |  | $ | (747) |  |  | (51) | % |  | $ | 727 |  |  | $ | 1,474 |  |  | $ | (747) |  |  | (51) | %
% of Revenue | 2 | % |  | 3 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | % |  | 1 | % |  |  |  |

Divestiture costs
Divestiture costs primarily represent legal and other professional fees.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Divestiture costs | $ | — |  |  | $ | 200 |  |  | $ | (200) |  |  | n/a |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (5,150) |  |  | $ | 5,150 |  |  | n/a
% of Revenue | — | % |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  | — | % |  | (4) | % |  |  |  |

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, we realized an expense of $5.2 million primarily due to the decommissioning of the Dosh app, a consumer facing cashback mobile application, operated by Dosh Holding LLC on February 28, 2025. Refer to Note 1—Overview of Business and Basis of Presentation for more information.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Depreciation and amortization expense | $ | 4,061 |  |  | $ | 4,243 |  |  | $ | (182) |  |  | (4) | % |  | $ | 8,004 |  |  | $ | 8,591 |  |  | $ | (587) |  |  | (7) | %
% of Revenue | 11 | % |  | 7 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 11 | % |  | 8 | % |  |  |  |

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $0.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to a decrease in fixed assets.
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $0.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to a decrease in fixed assets.
Interest Expense, Net

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Interest expense | $ | (2,464) |  |  | $ | (2,369) |  |  | $ | (95) |  |  | 4 | % |  | $ | (5,260) |  |  | $ | (4,745) |  |  | $ | (515) |  |  | 11 | %
Interest income | 183 |  |  | 426 |  |  | (243) |  |  | (57) |  |  | 446 |  |  | 972 |  |  | (526) |  |  | (54) |
Interest expense, net | $ | (2,281) |  |  | $ | (1,943) |  |  | $ | (338) |  |  | 17 | % |  | $ | (4,814) |  |  | $ | (3,773) |  |  | $ | (1,041) |  |  | 28 | %
% of Revenue | (6) | % |  | (3) | % |  |  |  |  |  | (7) | % |  | (3) | % |  |  |  |

Interest expense, net increased by $0.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025 primarily driven by higher average borrowings under our 2018 Line of Credit prior to the April 2026 repayment, as well as a decrease in interest income.
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Interest expense, net increased by $1.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily driven by higher average borrowings under our 2018 Line of Credit prior to the April 2026 repayment, as well as a decrease in interest income.
Foreign Currency Gain (Loss)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | $ |  | %
Foreign currency gain (loss) | $ | 165 |  |  | $ | 5,449 |  |  | $ | (5,284) |  |  | (97) |  | $ | (1,541) |  |  | $ | 8,076 |  |  | $ | (9,617) |  |  | (119) | %
% of Revenue | — | % |  | 9 | % |  |  |  |  |  | (2) | % |  | 7 | % |  |  |  |

Foreign currency gain (loss) was a gain of $0.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to a gain of $5.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to the fluctuations in the value of the British pound relative to the U.S. dollar.
Foreign currency gain (loss) was a loss of $1.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to a gain of $8.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to the fluctuations in the value of the British pound relative to the U.S. dollar.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table summarizes our cash and cash equivalents, working capital, accounts receivable and contract assets, net and unused available borrowings:

in thousands | June 30, 2026 |  | December 31, 2025
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 28,039 |  |  | $ | 48,719 |
Working capital(1) | 38,721 |  |  | 58,889 |
Accounts receivable and contract assets, net | 67,644 |  |  | 82,458 |
Unused available borrowings(2) | 20,683 |  |  | 8,458 |

(1)We define working capital as current assets less current liabilities. See our condensed consolidated financial statements for further details regarding our current assets and current liabilities.
(2)As part of our amended and restated Loan and Security Agreement, we are required to maintain a minimum unrestricted cash of $20.0 million in demand deposit accounts.
Our cash and cash equivalents are available for working capital purposes. We do not enter into investments for trading purposes, and our investment policy is to invest any excess cash in short-term, highly liquid investments that limit the risk of principal loss. Currently, a significant portion of our cash and cash equivalents are held in fully FDIC-insured money market accounts and demand deposit accounts. As of June 30, 2026, our money market account earned approximately a 4.1% annual rate of interest. As of June 30, 2026, $5.5 million of our cash and cash equivalents were in the United Kingdom. However, our investment in Cardlytics U.K. Limited is not considered indefinitely invested.
Through June 30, 2026, we have incurred accumulated net losses of $1.4 billion since inception, including net loss of $14.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026. We have historically financed our operations and capital expenditures through convertible note financings, private placements of our redeemable convertible preferred stock, public offerings of our common stock as well as lines of credit.
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our growth rate, the timing and extent of spending to support research and development efforts, our merger and acquisition efforts, the continued expansion of sales and marketing activities, the enhancement of our platforms, the introduction of new solutions, the continued market acceptance of our solutions and the extent of the impact of macroeconomic events on the global economy. We expect to incur additional operating losses in the near term as we continue our efforts to grow our business and may require additional capital resources to continue to grow our business. We believe that we have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations and capital requirements for at least the next 12 months and in the long-term following the date our consolidated financial statements were issued. However, if our access to capital is restricted or our borrowing costs increase, our operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely impacted. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise such financing on terms acceptable to us or at all.
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Material Cash Requirements
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we entered into a new five-year cloud hosting agreement, replacing the existing three-year agreement. The new terms establish a year-one guaranteed aggregate spend of $10.0 million, escalating by $0.5 million annually thereafter. As a result of entering into the new agreement, we reversed the previously recognized $0.8 million expense that had been accrued as of December 31, 2025. For additional information, refer to Note 10—Commitments and Contingencies.
Sources of Funds
2024 Convertible Senior Notes
On April 1, 2024, we issued $172.5 million principal amount of our 4.25% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2029 (the "2024 Convertible Senior Notes" or the "Notes") in a private offering, including the exercise in full of the initial purchasers' option to purchase up to an additional $22.5 million principal amount of 2024 Convertible Senior Notes. The net proceeds from the offering were $166.8 million, after deducting the initial purchasers' discounts, commissions and the offering expenses payable by us. The 2024 Convertible Senior Notes were issued pursuant to, and are governed by, an indenture, dated as of April 1, 2024, between us and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee. We used approximately $169.3 million of net proceeds from the offering and cash on hand to repurchase for cash approximately $183.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Convertible Senior Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest, in privately negotiated transactions below par and entered into concurrently with the pricing of the offering through one of the initial purchasers or one of its affiliates, as our agents.
2018 Loan Facility
We have a loan facility with Pacific Western Bank (as amended and restated from time to time, the "2018 Loan Facility") which provides for a revolving line of credit (the "2018 Line of Credit") with a maximum borrowing capacity of $60.0 million with an option to increase to $75.0 million upon syndication. Borrowings are limited to 85% of eligible U.S. accounts receivable and 30% of eligible U.K. accounts receivable. The facility matures on April 15, 2028 and bears interest at the prime rate plus 0.125%. We are also required to pay an unused line fee of 0.15% per annum on the average daily unused amount of the revolving commitment. The facility requires us to maintain a minimum level of Adjusted EBITDA and minimum unrestricted cash of $20.0 million in demand deposit accounts. In April 2026, we amended our 2018 Loan Facility to lower our required minimum of unrestricted cash from $25.0 million to $20.0 million in demand deposit accounts.
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we had $5.0 million in borrowings and $30.1 million in repayments on the 2018 Line of Credit, including $20.1 million repaid in April 2026 using proceeds from the sale of PAR common stock, resulting in net repayments of $25.1 million. As of June 30, 2026, we had net borrowings of $15.0 million under the 2018 Line of Credit with $20.7 million of unused available borrowings.
During the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, we incurred $0.3 million and $0.1 million of interest expense associated with the 2018 Loan Facility, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, we incurred $0.9 million and $0.1 million of interest expense associated with the 2018 Loan Facility, respectively. We are in compliance with all financial covenants as of June 30, 2026.
Uses of Funds
Our collection cycles can vary from period to period based on the payment practices of our marketers and their agencies. We are generally obligated to pay Consumer Incentives between one and four months following redemption, regardless of whether we have collected payment from a marketer or its agency. We are generally obligated to pay our FI partners' Partner Share by the end of the month following our collection of payment from the applicable marketer or its agency. As a result, timing of cash receipts from our marketers can significantly impact our operating cash flows for any period. Further, the timing of payment of commitments and implementation fees to our FI partners may also result in variability of our operating cash flows for any period.
Our operating cash flows also vary from quarter to quarter due to the seasonal nature of our marketers’ advertising spending. Many marketers tend to devote a significant portion of their marketing budgets to the fourth quarter of the calendar year to coincide with consumer holiday spending and reduce marketing spend in the first quarter of the calendar year. Any lag between the timing of our payment of Consumer Incentives and our receipt of payment from marketers and their agencies can exacerbate our need for working capital during the first quarter of the calendar year.
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The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:

| Six Months Ended June 30,
in thousands | 2026 |  | 2025
Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (14,239) |  |  | $ | (5,481) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | $ | 18,620 |  |  | $ | (8,561) |
Net cash used in financing activities | $ | (25,100) |  |  | $ | (5,093) |

Operating Activities
Operating activities used $14.2 million of cash during the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $5.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025. The increase in cash used was primarily driven by movement in the net working capital accounts, including a $10.3 million decrease in our Consumer Incentive liability and a $6.3 million decrease in our Partner Share liability, partially offset by a $13.2 million decrease in accounts receivable and contract assets.
Investing Activities
The increase was primarily driven by $23.0 million in proceeds from the sale of PAR Technology common stock received as consideration for the Bridg Sale, which was completed in the first quarter of 2026. Additionally, this was partially offset by funds used for the purchases of technology hardware and capitalization of costs to develop internal-use software.
Financing Activities
Financing activities used $25.1 million of cash during the six months ended June 30, 2026, which consisted of $30.1 million in repayments against the 2018 Line of Credit, including $20.1 million repaid using proceeds from the sale of PAR common stock in April 2026, partially offset by $5.0 million in borrowings on the 2018 Line of Credit in March 2026.
Financing activities used $5.1 million of cash during the six months ended June 30, 2025, which consisted of cash paid pursuant to the Settlement Agreement with the Stockholder Representative to resolve all outstanding disputes related to the Merger Agreement.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis.
We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with capitalized software development costs including determining if a project is eligible for capitalization, determining whether the incurred costs are directly associated with the project, evaluating the current stage of the project’s development, and determining its fair value as part of our long-lived asset impairment analysis, the assumptions used in the valuation models to determine the fair value of equity awards and stock-based compensation expense, the assumptions used both in the initial valuation and ongoing impairment analysis of goodwill and the assumptions required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets have the greatest potential impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies and estimates. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
ITEM 3. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates.
Interest Rate Risk
The interest rates under the 2018 Line of Credit are variable. Interest on advances under the 2018 Line of Credit bears an interest rate equal to the prime rate plus 0.125%. As of June 30, 2026, the prime rate was 6.75%. A hypothetical increase of 100 basis points in the prime rate would result in an incremental interest expense of less than $0.1 million over a three-month period, based on $15.0 million outstanding as of June 30, 2026. The 2024 Convertible Senior Notes bears an interest rate of 4.25%
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Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
Both Revenue and operating expense of Cardlytics U.K. Limited are denominated in British pounds. We bear foreign currency risks related to the extent that any unfavorable fluctuation in the exchange rate between U.S. dollars and the British pound could result in an adverse impact to either Revenue or expense. For example, if the average value of the British pound had been 10% lower relative to the U.S. dollar during the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, our Revenue would have decreased by $1.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The overall impact to net loss would be partially mitigated by decreases in operating expense of $0.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act"), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer has concluded that as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we may become involved in legal proceedings or be subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of our business. Except as disclosed in Note 10—Commitments and Contingencies, we are not presently a party to any legal proceedings that, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition or cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves risks and uncertainties. You should consider and read the information contained in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the risk factors identified in Item 1A of Part I thereof (“Risk Factors”). Any of the risks discussed in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other reports we file with the SEC, and other risks we have not anticipated or discussed, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. As of June 30, 2026, no material changes have occurred to the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, except as set forth below.
Risks Related to our Business and Industry
We may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the Bridg Sale.
For the year ended December 31, 2025, revenue from the Bridg platform accounted for approximately 9% of our total revenue. We expect to continue to focus our resources, capital, and management attention towards expanding the core Cardlytics purchase intelligence platform. As a result, our operational and financial profile has changed following the completion of the Bridg Sale, and our exposure to the risks inherent in our remaining business will increase. The Bridg Sale may result in changes to our business and growth strategies and our organizational structure, which could be disruptive to our business operations. There can be no assurance that the consideration we received in connection with the Bridg Sale will exceed the revenue that the Bridg platform may have contributed to our business.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
None.
Recent Issuances of Unregistered Securities
None.
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ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The exhibits listed below are filed or incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

|  |  |  | Incorporated by Reference |  |
Exhibit |  | Exhibit Description |  | Schedule /Form |  | File Number |  | Exhibit |  | Filing Date |  | Filed Herewith
3.1 |  | Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Cardlytics, Inc. |  | 8-K |  | 001-38386 |  | 3.1 |  | June 3, 2026 |  |
10.1# |  | Consent and Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement |  | 10-Q |  | 001-38386 |  | 10.5# |  | May 7, 2026 |  |
10.2+ |  | Transition Agreement, by and between Cardlytics, Inc. and Nick Lynton, dated May 10, 2026 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
31.1 |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
31.2 |  | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
32.1* |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.ins |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.sch |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Schema with Embedded Linkbase Documents |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
104 |  | Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X

# Pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC, certain portions of this exhibit have been redacted because the Company has determined that the information is both not material and is the type that the Company treats as private or confidential. The Company hereby agrees to furnish supplementally to the SEC, upon its request, an unredacted copy of the exhibit.
+ Indicates management contract or compensatory plan
* The certifications furnished in Exhibit 32.1 hereto are deemed to accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | Cardlytics, Inc.
Date: | August 5, 2026 |  | By: | /s/ Amit Gupta
|  |  |  | Amit Gupta
|  |  |  | Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: | August 5, 2026 |  | By: | /s/ David Evans
|  |  |  | David Evans
|  |  |  | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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