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Derivative Financial Instruments - Warrants
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments - Warrants Derivative Financial Instruments — Warrants
    Certain warrants issued in connection with the Company’s equity financings are accounted for as derivative liabilities. Accordingly, the warrants are remeasured at each balance sheet date based on their estimated fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Changes in fair value are recorded within Company’s statements of operations.
The assumptions used to determine the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model were:
As of December 31,
20212020
Fair value of Cardiff Oncology common stock$6.01$17.99
Expected warrant term1.1 years2.1 years
Risk-free interest rate0.41 %0.13 %
Expected volatility of Cardiff Oncology common stock83 %116 %
Dividend yield%%

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of Cardiff Oncology’s common stock. The warrants have a transferability provision and based on guidance for instruments issued with such a provision, Cardiff Oncology used the remaining contractual term as the expected term of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury security rates consistent with the expected remaining term of the warrants at each balance sheet date.

The following table sets forth the components of changes in the Company’s derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability balance, valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing method, for the periods indicated.
(in thousands, except for number of warrants)
DateDescriptionNumber of WarrantsDerivative
Instrument
Liability
December 31, 2019
Balance of derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability
64,496 $
 
Change in fair value of derivative financial instrumentswarrants during the year recognized as a gain in the statement of operations
— 281 
December 31, 2020
Balance of derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability
64,496 285 
 
Change in fair value of derivative financial instrumentswarrants during the year recognized as a loss in the statement of operations
— (285)
December 31, 2021
Balance of derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability
64,496 $—