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Stockholders' Equity
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity Stockholders’ Equity
Warrants

A summary of warrant activity and changes in warrants outstanding, including both liability and equity classifications, is presented below:
 Number of
Warrants		Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
Per Share		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term
Balance outstanding, December 31, 20205,260,992 $5.19 4.1 years
Exercised(770,833)$1.64  
Balance outstanding, December 31, 20214,490,159 $5.80 3.0 years
Expired(129,191)$21.60 
Balance outstanding, December 31, 20224,360,968 $5.33 2.1 years

Preferred Stock

A summary of our Company's classes of preferred stock is presented below:
Shares issued and outstanding
ClassPar valueShares designatedAs of December 31, 2022As of December 31, 2021
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 277,100 60,600 60,600 
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 8,860 — — 
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 200,000 — — 
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock$0.0001 154,670 — — 
Series E Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 865,824 — 655,044 

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
The material terms of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock consist of:
1)Dividends. Holders of the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the rate per share of 4% per annum, payable quarterly on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, beginning with September 30, 2005. Dividends are payable, at the Company’s sole election, in cash or shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had $438,000 and $414,000, respectively in cumulative unpaid preferred stock dividends, included in the liquidation preference of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, and $24,000 and $24,000 of cumulative dividends were added to the liquidation preference of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
2)Voting Rights. Shares of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have no voting rights. However, so long as any shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Company may not, without the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock then outstanding, (a) adversely change the powers, preferences or rights given to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, (b) authorize or create any class of stock senior or equal to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, (c) amend its certificate of incorporation or other charter documents, so as to affect adversely any rights of the holders of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or (d) increase the authorized number of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.
3)Liquidation. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, the holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to receive an amount equal to the Stated Value per share, which is currently $10 per share plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.
4)Conversion Rights. Each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible at the option of the holder into that number of shares of common stock determined by dividing the Stated Value, currently $10 per share, by the conversion price, which at the time of issuance was $928.80 per share, and subsequently adjusted to $691.20 per share.
5)Subsequent Equity Sales. The conversion price is subject to adjustment for dilutive issuances for a period of 12 months beginning March 17, 2006 and the conversion price was adjusted to $691.20 per share.

6) Automatic Conversion. If the price of the Company’s common stock equals $1,857.60 per share for 20 consecutive trading days, and an average of 116 shares of common stock per day are traded during the 20 trading days, the Company will have the right to deliver a notice to the holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, requesting the holders to convert any portion of the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into shares of common stock at the applicable conversion price. As of the date of these financial statements, such conditions have not been met.

The components of the liquidation preference for the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were as follows:
 As of December 31,
(in thousands)20222021
Stated Value per share liquidation$606 $606 
Cumulative unpaid preferred stock dividends438 414 
Liquidation preference - Series A Convertible Preferred Stock$1,044 $1,020 

Series E Convertible Preferred Stock

On June 15, 2020 the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with certain accredited investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to offer, issue and sell to Acorn, CDK and Third Street, (i) in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of 1,984,328 shares of common stock and (ii) in a concurrent private placement, (a) an aggregate of 865,824 shares of Series E Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”) and (b) Series N warrants to purchase up to 2,213,115 shares of Common Stock. The Series E Preferred Stock is convertible at any time determined by dividing the $10 stated value per share of the Series E Preferred Stock by a conversion price of $2.44 per share, subject to adjustment in accordance with the Certificate of Designation. The Series N Warrants will be exercisable six months following the date of issuance at an exercise price of $2.39 per share and will expire on December 16, 2025. Certain investors converted 210,780 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred stock to 863,852 shares of Common Stock during December 2020. Certain investors converted 327,535 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred stock to 1,342,357 shares of Common Stock during January 2022. Certain investors converted 327,509 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred stock to 1,342,250 shares of Common Stock during October 2022. As of December 31, 2022 no shares of Series E Convertible Preferred stock were outstanding.

In conjunction with the June 15, 2020 offering, we issued 184,426 warrants as an advisory fee. These warrants are exercisable six months following the date of issuance at an exercise price of $3.05 per share and will expire 5.5 years following the date of issuance. These warrants were classified as equity.

Sales Agreement with Jefferies LLC

During May 2021, the Company sold 2.0 million shares of its common stock under the Sales Agreement with Jefferies LLC., for gross proceeds of approximately $20.0 million.

Pfizer Breakthrough Growth Initiative
During November 2021, the Company sold 2.4 million shares of its common stock under a Securities Purchase Agreement with Pfizer Inc. ("Pfizer"), in a registered direct offering for gross proceeds of approximately $15.0 million. The investment is part of the Pfizer Breakthrough Growth Initiative, which includes an information rights agreement and Pfizer's participation on a Scientific Advisory Board for the Company. Pfizer agreed to not sell or transfer any shares for 180 days from the closing date of the agreement, which expired during May 2022.