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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense related to Cardiff Oncology equity awards have been recognized in operating results as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)20232022
Included in research and development expense$394 $335 
Included in selling, general and administrative expense670 817 
Total stock-based compensation expense$1,064 $1,152 
Schedule of Assumptions to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Option Awards
The estimated fair value of stock option awards was determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following weighted-average assumptions during the following periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Risk-free interest rate3.58 %1.84 %
Dividend yield%%
Expected volatility of Cardiff Oncology common stock110 %106 %
Expected term(1)
5.3 years6.0 years
Summary of Stock Option Activity and of Changes in Stock Options Outstanding
A summary of stock option activity and changes in stock options outstanding is presented below:
 
Total OptionsWeighted-Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Intrinsic
Value
Balance outstanding, December 31, 20225,069,458 $5.92 $19,322 
Granted1,806,008 $1.73  
Canceled / Forfeited(1,725)$7.98  
Expired(476,846)$6.93  
Balance outstanding, March 31, 20236,396,895 $4.66 $34,107 
Exercisable at March 31, 20232,427,304 $6.57 $20,517 
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 20236,187,656 $4.73 $33,160 
Summary of Warrant Activity and Changes in Warrants Outstanding
A summary of warrant activity and changes in warrants outstanding, including both liability and equity classifications is presented below:
 
Total WarrantsWeighted-Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Weighted-Average
Remaining Contractual
Term
Balance outstanding, December 31, 20224,360,968 $5.33 2.1 years
Expired(64,496)$101.52  
Balance outstanding, March 31, 20234,296,472 $3.89 1.8 years
Schedule of Preferred Stock
A summary of our Company's classes of preferred stock is presented below:
Shares outstanding
ClassPar valueShares designatedAs of March 31,
2023
As of December 31,
2022
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 277,100 60,600 60,600 
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 8,860 — — 
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 200,000 — — 
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock$0.0001 154,670 — — 
Series E Convertible Preferred Stock$0.001 865,824 — —