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Derivative Financial Instruments - Warrants
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments - Warrants Derivative Financial Instruments — Warrants
    Certain warrants issued in connection with the Company’s equity financings are accounted for as derivative liabilities. Accordingly, the warrants are remeasured at each balance sheet date based on their estimated fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. These warrants expired during the first quarter of 2023. Changes in fair value are recorded within Company’s statements of operations.

The assumptions used to determine the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model were:

As of December 31, 2022
Fair value of Cardiff Oncology common stock$1.40
Expected warrant term0.1 years
Risk-free interest rate4.12 %
Expected volatility of Cardiff Oncology common stock54 %
Dividend yield%

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of Cardiff Oncology’s common stock. The warrants have a transferability provision and based on guidance for instruments issued with such a provision, Cardiff Oncology used the remaining contractual term as the expected term of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury security rates consistent with the expected remaining term of the warrants at each balance sheet date.

The following table sets forth the components of changes in the Company’s derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability balance, valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing method, for the periods indicated.

(in thousands, except for number of warrants)
DateDescriptionNumber of WarrantsDerivative
Instrument
Liability
December 31, 2021
Balance of derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability
64,496 $285 
 
Change in fair value of derivative financial instrumentswarrants during the year recognized as a gain in the statement of operations
— (285)
December 31, 2022
Balance of derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability
64,496 — 
Expiration of Derivative Financial Instruments(64,496)— 
 
Change in fair value of derivative financial instrumentswarrants during the year recognized as a loss in the statement of operations
— — 
December 31, 2023
Balance of derivative financial instrumentswarrants liability
— $—