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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense related to Cardiff Oncology equity awards have been recognized in operating results as follows:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

(in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Included in research and development expense

 

$

630

 

 

$

436

 

 

$

1,818

 

 

$

1,223

 

Included in selling, general and administrative
   expense

 

 

754

 

 

 

817

 

 

 

2,614

 

 

 

2,333

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 

$

1,384

 

 

$

1,253

 

 

$

4,432

 

 

$

3,556

 

Schedule of Assumptions to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Option Awards

The estimated fair value of stock option awards was determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following weighted-average assumptions during the following periods indicated:

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

4.06

%

 

 

4.06

%

Dividend yield

 

 

0

%

 

 

0

%

Expected volatility of Cardiff Oncology common stock

 

 

106

%

 

 

106

%

Expected term

 

6.2 years

 

 

5.8 years

 

Summary of Stock Option Activity and of Changes in Stock Options Outstanding

A summary of stock option activity and changes in stock options outstanding is presented below:

 

 

 

Total Options

 

 

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
Per Share

 

 

Intrinsic
Value

 

Balance outstanding, December 31, 2024

 

 

8,334,765

 

 

$

3.88

 

 

$

11,668,989

 

Granted

 

 

3,368,632

 

 

$

3.59

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

(17,440

)

 

$

1.60

 

 

 

 

Forfeited and expired

 

 

(442,069

)

 

$

3.29

 

 

 

 

Balance outstanding, September 30, 2025

 

 

11,243,888

 

 

$

3.82

 

 

$

759,735

 

Exercisable at September 30, 2025

 

 

6,325,691

 

 

$

4.19

 

 

$

545,463

 

Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2025

 

 

11,006,847

 

 

$

3.83

 

 

$

744,568

 

Summary of Warrant Activity and Changes in Warrants Outstanding

A summary of warrant activity and changes in warrants outstanding, classified as equity is presented below:

 

 

 

Total Warrants

 

 

Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share

 

 

Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term

Balance outstanding, December 31, 2024

 

 

2,807,353

 

 

$

2.40

 

 

0.9 years

Exercised

 

 

(1,711,668

)

 

$

2.29

 

 

 

Expired

 

 

(19,639

)

 

$

2.27

 

 

 

Balance outstanding, September 30, 2025

 

 

1,076,046

 

 

$

2.59

 

 

0.2 years