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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Loss Before Income Taxes

The Company's loss before income taxes is as follows:

 

(in thousands)

 

Years ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

U.S. Domestic

 

$

(45,851

)

 

$

(45,431

)

Loss before income taxes

 

$

(45,851

)

 

$

(45,431

)

Provision for Income Tax (Benefit) Expense

The provision for income tax (benefit) expense consists of the following:

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

 

 

$

 

State

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current income tax (benefit) expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

 

(8,615

)

 

 

(8,697

)

State

 

 

(213

)

 

 

(566

)

Total deferred income tax (benefit) expense

 

 

(8,828

)

 

 

(9,263

)

Valuation allowance

 

 

8,828

 

 

 

9,263

 

Total income tax (benefit) expense

 

$

 

 

$

 

Schedule of Significant Components of the Company's Taxes and the Rates

Significant components of the Company’s taxes and the rates are shown below:

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(in thousands, except percentages)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

US federal statutory rate

 

$

(9,628

)

 

 

21.0

%

 

$

(9,540

)

 

 

21.0

%

State and local taxes net of federal income tax effect(1)

 

 

(408

)

 

 

0.9

%

 

 

1

 

 

 

%

Tax Credits:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development credits

 

 

(591

)

 

 

1.3

%

 

 

(642

)

 

 

1.4

%

Change in valuation allowance

 

 

8,615

 

 

 

(18.8

)%

 

 

8,816

 

 

 

(19.4

)%

Nontaxable or Nondeductible Items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Officers' compensation

 

 

348

 

 

 

(0.7

)%

 

 

588

 

 

 

(1.3

)%

Stock-based compensation

 

 

432

 

 

 

(1.0

)%

 

 

488

 

 

 

(1.1

)%

Other

 

 

5

 

 

 

%

 

 

5

 

 

 

%

Other adjustments

 

 

400

 

 

 

(0.9

)%

 

 

284

 

 

 

(0.6

)%

Change in unrecognized tax benefits

 

 

827

 

 

 

(1.8

)%

 

 

 

 

 

%

Effective income tax rate

 

$

 

 

 

%

 

$

 

 

 

%

(1) Income tax rate associated with the state of California.

Schedule of Significant Components of the Company's Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities from federal and state income taxes are shown below:

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax loss carryforwards

 

$

31,977

 

 

$

27,374

 

Research and development credits and other tax credits

 

 

4,685

 

 

 

4,556

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

1,645

 

 

 

1,252

 

Capitalized research and development

 

 

17,597

 

 

 

14,209

 

Operating lease liabilities

 

 

180

 

 

 

327

 

Other

 

 

1,314

 

 

 

967

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

 

57,398

 

 

 

48,685

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating lease right-of-use assets

 

 

(136

)

 

 

(251

)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

 

(136

)

 

 

(251

)

Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance

 

 

57,262

 

 

 

48,434

 

Valuation allowance

 

 

(57,262

)

 

 

(48,434

)

Net deferred tax asset

 

$

 

 

$

 

Schedule of Changes in Valuation Allowance

A summary of changes to the Company's valuation allowance is presented below:

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Deferred Tax Assets - Valuation Allowance

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

$

48,434

 

 

$

39,171

 

Federal increase/(decrease) charge to expenses

 

 

8,615

 

 

 

8,816

 

State increase/(decrease) charge to expenses

 

 

213

 

 

 

447

 

Balance at end of year

 

$

57,262

 

 

$

48,434

 

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The Company's gross unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Unrecognized tax benefits

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning balance

 

$

 

 

$

 

Increases related to prior year tax positions

 

 

777

 

 

 

 

Increases related to current year tax positions

 

 

158

 

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

 

$

935

 

 

$

 

Schedule of Cash Taxes Paid

The amounts of cash taxes paid are as follows:

 

(in thousands)

 

Years ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

 

 

$

 

State:

 

 

 

 

 

 

California

 

 

1

 

 

 

1

 

Cash paid for income taxes

 

$

1

 

 

$

1