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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023
or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-38791
LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 83-1804317
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2603 Discovery Drive | Suite 100 | Orlando | Florida | 32826
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code)

(407) 900-5259
Registrant's telephone number, including area code
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A common stock, par value of $0.0001 per share |  | LAZR |  | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

| Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐ |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of July 31, 2023, the registrant had 293,291,160 shares of Class A common stock and 97,088,670 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents
LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | 2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements. | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited) | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (Unaudited) | 6
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) | 8
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 9
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. | 30
| Overview | 30
| Industrialization and Customer Update | 30
| Basis of Presentation | 31
| Components of Results of Operations | 31
| Results of Operations | 33
| Liquidity and Capital Resources | 34
| Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates | 36
| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | 36
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. | 37
Item 4. Controls and Procedures. | 37
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings. | 38
Item 1A. Risk Factors. | 38
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds. | 38
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities. | 38
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. | 38
Item 5. Other Information. | 38
Item 6. Exhibits. | 39
SIGNATURES | 40

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which involve substantial risks and uncertainties. These statements reflect the current views of management with respect to future events and our financial performance. These forward-looking statements include statements regarding product plans and performance, future growth and financial performance, purchase price allocations with respect to acquired assets, anticipated cost efficiencies associated with locating certain manufacturing assembly activities in the new Mexico manufacturing facility and timing for completion of validation processes with respect to the facility, timing for revenue recognition and validation processes, expectations regarding funding of product and business development initiatives and capital expenditures, and anticipated impacts on our business of COVID-19 and related public health measures. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “future,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words or phrases, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business.
These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including our history of losses and our expectation that we will continue to incur significant expenses, including substantial R&D costs, and continuing losses for the foreseeable future as well as our limited operating history which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects and the risks and challenges we may encounter; our strategic initiatives which may prove more costly than we currently anticipate and potential failure to increase our revenue to offset these initiatives; whether our lidar products are selected for inclusion in autonomous driving or Advanced Driving Assistance Systems by automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) or their suppliers, and whether we will be de-selected by any customers; the lengthy period of time from a major commercial win to implementation and the risks of cancellation or postponement of the contract or unsuccessful implementation; potential inaccuracies in our forward looking estimates of certain metrics, including Order Book, our future cost of goods sold (COGS) and bill of materials (BOM) and total addressable market; the discontinuation, lack of success of our customers in developing and commercializing products using our solutions or loss of business with respect to a particular vehicle model or technology package and whether end automotive consumers will demand and be willing to pay for such features; our inability to reduce and control the cost of the inputs on which we rely, which could negatively impact the adoption of our products and our profitability; the effect of continued pricing pressures, competition from other lidar manufacturers, OEM cost reduction initiatives and the ability of automotive OEMs to re-source or cancel vehicle or technology programs which may result in lower than anticipated margins, or losses, which may adversely affect our business; the effect of general economic conditions, including inflation, recession risks and rising interest rates, generally and on our industry and us in particular, including the level of demand and financial performance of the autonomous vehicle industry and the decline in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities in a rising interest rate environment; market adoption of lidar as well as developments in alternative technology and the increasingly competitive environment in which we operate, which includes established competitors and market participants that have substantially greater resources; our ability to achieve technological feasibility and commercialize our software products and the requirement to continue to develop new products and product innovations due to rapidly changing markets and government regulations of such technologies; our ability to manage our growth and expand our business operations effectively, including into international markets, such as China, which exposes us to operational, financial and regulatory risks; adverse impacts due to limited availability and quality of materials, supplies, and capital equipment, or dependency on third-party service providers and single-source suppliers; the project-based nature of our orders, which can cause our results of operations to fluctuate on a quarterly and annual basis; whether we will be able to successfully transition our engineering designs into high volume manufacturing, including our ability to transition to an outsourced manufacturing business model and whether we and our outsourcing partners and suppliers can successfully operate complex machinery; whether we can successfully select, execute or integrate our acquisitions; whether the complexity of our products results in undetected defects and reliability issues which could reduce market adoption of our new products, limit our ability to manufacture, damage our reputation and expose us to product liability, warranty and other claims; our ability to maintain and adequately manage our inventory; our ability to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting; our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights; availability of qualified personnel, loss of highly skilled personnel and dependence on Austin Russell, our Founder, President and Chief Executive Officer; the impact of inflation and our stock price on our ability to hire and retain highly skilled personnel; the amount and timing of future sales and whether the average selling prices of our products could decrease rapidly over the life of the product as well as our dependence on a few key customers, who are often large corporations with substantial negotiating power; our ability to establish and maintain confidence in our long-term business prospects among customers and analysts and within our industry; whether we are subject to negative
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publicity; the effects of COVID-19 or other infectious diseases, health epidemics, pandemics and natural disasters on Luminar’s business; interruption or failure of our information technology and communications systems; cybersecurity risks to our operational systems, security systems, infrastructure, integrated software in our lidar solutions; market instability exacerbated by geopolitical conflicts, including Russia and China and including the effect of sanctions and trade restrictions that may affect supply chain or sales opportunities; and those other factors discussed in Part 1, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (our “2022 Annual Report”) under the heading “Risk Factors” and in subsequent reports filed with the SEC which we encourage you to carefully read. Given these risks, uncertainties and other factors, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
WEBSITE AND SOCIAL MEDIA DISCLOSURE
We use our website (https://www.luminartech.com/) and various social media channels as a means of disclosing information about the Company and its products to its customers, investors and the public (e.g., @luminartech on Twitter, Luminartech on YouTube, and Luminar Technologies on LinkedIn). The information on our website (or any webpages referenced in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q) or posted on social media channels is not part of this or any other report that the Company files with, or furnishes to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The information we post through these channels may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor these channels, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands)

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
| (Unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 89,115 |  |  | $ | 69,552 |
Restricted cash | 2,381 |  |  | 1,553 |
Marketable securities | 276,678 |  |  | 419,314 |
Accounts receivable | 16,809 |  |  | 11,172 |
Inventory | 20,317 |  |  | 8,792 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 29,949 |  |  | 44,203 |
Total current assets | 435,249 |  |  | 554,586 |
Property and equipment, net | 79,144 |  |  | 30,260 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 21,043 |  |  | 21,244 |
Intangible assets, net | 28,157 |  |  | 22,077 |
Goodwill | 19,879 |  |  | 18,816 |
Other non-current assets | 16,302 |  |  | 40,344 |
Total assets | $ | 599,774 |  |  | $ | 687,327 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 21,909 |  |  | $ | 18,626 |
Accrued and other current liabilities | 66,039 |  |  | 52,962 |
Operating lease liabilities | 6,071 |  |  | 5,953 |
Total current liabilities | 94,019 |  |  | 77,541 |
Warrant liabilities | 4,033 |  |  | 3,005 |
Convertible senior notes | 613,810 |  |  | 612,192 |
Operating lease liabilities, non-current | 16,701 |  |  | 16,989 |
Other non-current liabilities | 358 |  |  | 4,005 |
Total liabilities | 728,921 |  |  | 713,732 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) |  |  |
Stockholders’ deficit: |  |  |
Class A common stock | 31 |  |  | 29 |
Class B common stock | 10 |  |  | 10 |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,741,053 |  |  | 1,558,685 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (808) |  |  | (4,226) |
Treasury stock | (312,477) |  |  | (312,477) |
Accumulated deficit | (1,556,956) |  |  | (1,268,426) |
Total stockholders’ deficit | (129,147) |  |  | (26,405) |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit | $ | 599,774 |  |  | $ | 687,327 |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share data)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products | $ | 9,923 |  |  | $ | 1,798 |  |  | $ | 17,290 |  |  | $ | 3,339 |
Services | 6,274 |  |  | 8,134 |  |  | 13,416 |  |  | 13,448 |
Total revenue | 16,197 |  |  | 9,932 |  |  | 30,706 |  |  | 16,787 |
Cost of sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products | 25,059 |  |  | 16,987 |  |  | 44,262 |  |  | 28,805 |
Services | 9,473 |  |  | 11,105 |  |  | 19,403 |  |  | 15,941 |
Total cost of sales | 34,532 |  |  | 28,092 |  |  | 63,665 |  |  | 44,746 |
Gross loss | (18,335) |  |  | (18,160) |  |  | (32,959) |  |  | (27,959) |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development | 67,483 |  |  | 40,941 |  |  | 136,535 |  |  | 74,050 |
Sales and marketing | 15,654 |  |  | 7,189 |  |  | 29,383 |  |  | 16,587 |
General and administrative | 42,420 |  |  | 38,150 |  |  | 86,910 |  |  | 68,175 |
Total operating expenses | 125,557 |  |  | 86,280 |  |  | 252,828 |  |  | 158,812 |
Loss from operations | (143,892) |  |  | (104,440) |  |  | (285,787) |  |  | (186,771) |
Other income (expense), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | 26 |  |  | 11,733 |  |  | (1,028) |  |  | 7,876 |
Interest expense | (1,273) |  |  | (3,148) |  |  | (2,938) |  |  | (6,428) |
Interest income | 1,605 |  |  | 1,346 |  |  | 3,510 |  |  | 2,417 |
Other income (expense) | 1,787 |  |  | (743) |  |  | (2,278) |  |  | (275) |
Total other income (expense), net | 2,145 |  |  | 9,188 |  |  | (2,734) |  |  | 3,590 |
Loss before provision for (benefit from) income taxes | (141,747) |  |  | (95,252) |  |  | (288,521) |  |  | (183,181) |
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | 9 |  |  | (13) |  |  | 9 |  |  | 391 |
Net loss | $ | (141,756) |  |  | $ | (95,239) |  |  | $ | (288,530) |  |  | $ | (183,572) |
Net loss per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted | $ | (0.37) |  |  | $ | (0.27) |  |  | $ | (0.77) |  |  | $ | (0.52) |
Shares used in computing net loss per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted | 382,424,675 |  |  | 352,054,529 |  |  | 376,616,066 |  |  | 350,378,494 |
Comprehensive Loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (141,756) |  |  | $ | (95,239) |  |  | $ | (288,530) |  |  | $ | (183,572) |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities | 1,192 |  |  | (1,449) |  |  | 3,418 |  |  | (5,097) |
Comprehensive loss | $ | (140,564) |  |  | $ | (96,688) |  |  | $ | (285,112) |  |  | $ | (188,669) |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share data)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Class A Common Stock |  | Class B Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Treasury Stock |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of March 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 269,978,536 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,314,742 |  |  | $ | (4,556) |  |  | $ | (275,519) |  |  | $ | (910,820) |  |  | $ | 123,884 |
Shares repurchased |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (36,958) |  |  | — |  |  | (36,958) |
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of Private Warrants |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,387 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 314 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 314 |
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,068,339 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 659 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 659 |
Retirement of unvested restricted common stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (2,793) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Vendor payments under the stock-in-lieu of cash program |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,612,315 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,144 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,145 |
Consideration related to acquisitions |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,550,398 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,871 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,871 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35,542 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35,542 |
Payments of employee taxes related to stock-based awards |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,208) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,208) |
Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,449) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,449) |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (95,239) |  |  | (95,239) |
Balance as of June 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 282,211,182 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,413,064 |  |  | $ | (6,005) |  |  | $ | (312,477) |  |  | $ | (1,006,059) |  |  | $ | 88,561 |
Balance as of March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 301,045,203 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,647,357 |  |  | $ | (2,000) |  |  | $ | (312,477) |  |  | $ | (1,415,200) |  |  | $ | (82,280) |
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,009,392 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 610 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 610 |
Issuance of Class A common stock under employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 272,524 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,406 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,406 |
Issuance of Class A common stock under the Equity Financing Program |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,005,603 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,939 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,939 |
Issuance of Class A common stock to a wholly owned subsidiary of TPK Universal Solutions Limited (“TPK”) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,652,892 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |
Vendor payments under the stock-in-lieu of cash program |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,487,402 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,853 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,854 |
Milestone awards related to acquisitions |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,415,613 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,320 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,320 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 48,568 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 48,568 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,192 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,192 |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (141,756) |  |  | (141,756) |
Balance as of June 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 313,888,629 |  |  | $ | 31 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,741,053 |  |  | $ | (808) |  |  | $ | (312,477) |  |  | $ | (1,556,956) |  |  | $ | (129,147) |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share data)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Class A Common Stock |  | Class B Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Treasury Stock |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 266,076,525 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,257,214 |  |  | $ | (908) |  |  | $ | (235,871) |  |  | $ | (822,487) |  |  | $ | 197,985 |
Shares repurchased |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (76,606) |  |  |  |  | (76,606) |
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of Private Warrants |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 405,752 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,003 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,003 |
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,185,398 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,744 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,744 |
Retirement of unvested restricted common stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (43,556) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Vendor payments under the stock-in-lieu of cash program |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,036,665 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 43,757 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 43,758 |
Consideration related to acquisitions |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,550,398 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,871 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,871 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 59,199 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 59,199 |
Payments of employee taxes related to stock-based awards |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,724) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,724) |
Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,097) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,097) |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (183,572) |  |  | (183,572) |
Balance as of June 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 282,211,182 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,413,064 |  |  | $ | (6,005) |  |  | $ | (312,477) |  |  | $ | (1,006,059) |  |  | $ | 88,561 |
Balance as of December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 291,942,087 |  |  | $ | 29 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,558,685 |  |  | $ | (4,226) |  |  | $ | (312,477) |  |  | $ | (1,268,426) |  |  | $ | (26,405) |
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,725,129 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,648 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,649 |
Issuance of Class A common stock under ESPP |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 272,524 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,406 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,406 |
Issuance of Class A common stock under the Equity Financing Program |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,765,292 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,604 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,604 |
Issuance of Class A common stock to a wholly owned subsidiary of TPK |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,652,892 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |
Vendor payments under the stock-in-lieu of cash program |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,115,092 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,594 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,595 |
Milestone awards related to acquisitions |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,415,613 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,320 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,320 |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 97,368 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 97,368 |
Payments of employee taxes related to stock-based awards |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (572) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (572) |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,418 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,418 |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (288,530) |  |  | (288,530) |
Balance as of June 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 313,888,629 |  |  | $ | 31 |  |  | 97,088,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,741,053 |  |  | $ | (808) |  |  | $ | (312,477) |  |  | $ | (1,556,956) |  |  | $ | (129,147) |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited, in thousands)

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (288,530) |  |  | $ | (183,572) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 7,536 |  |  | 2,544 |
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets | 3,303 |  |  | 2,139 |
Amortization of premium (discount) on marketable securities | (1,611) |  |  | 919 |
Loss on marketable securities | 1,859 |  |  | — |
Change in fair value of private warrants | 1,028 |  |  | (7,876) |
Vendor stock-in-lieu of cash program | 21,114 |  |  | 19,916 |
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs | 1,618 |  |  | 1,618 |
Inventory write-offs and write-downs | 13,432 |  |  | 4,778 |
Share-based compensation | 115,149 |  |  | 65,323 |
Product warranty and other | 3,084 |  |  | 171 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (5,635) |  |  | 7,038 |
Inventories | (24,958) |  |  | (2,814) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 13,858 |  |  | (2,417) |
Other non-current assets | (5,287) |  |  | (532) |
Accounts payable | 3,761 |  |  | 7,392 |
Accrued and other current liabilities | 10,927 |  |  | 1,106 |
Other non-current liabilities | (8,631) |  |  | (931) |
Net cash used in operating activities | (137,983) |  |  | (85,198) |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Acquisition of Freedom Photonics LLC (net of cash acquired) | — |  |  | (2,759) |
Acquisition of certain assets from Solfice | — |  |  | (2,001) |
Acquisition of Seagate’s lidar business | (12,608) |  |  | — |
Purchases of marketable securities | (171,118) |  |  | (270,440) |
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities | 277,771 |  |  | 147,053 |
Proceeds from sales/redemptions of marketable securities | 39,152 |  |  | 50,315 |
Purchases of property and equipment | (16,831) |  |  | (7,491) |
Advances for capital projects and equipment | — |  |  | (1,673) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 116,366 |  |  | (86,996) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Net proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock under the Equity Financing Program | 29,604 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock to a wholly owned subsidiary of TPK | 10,000 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 1,570 |  |  | 1,791 |
Proceeds from sale of Class A common stock under ESPP | 1,406 |  |  | — |
Payments of employee taxes related to stock-based awards | (572) |  |  | (1,724) |
Repurchase of common stock | — |  |  | (80,878) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 42,008 |  |  | (80,811) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 20,391 |  |  | (253,005) |
Beginning cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 71,105 |  |  | 330,702 |
Ending cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 91,496 |  |  | $ | 77,697 |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |  |  |
Cash paid for interest | $ | 3,906 |  |  | $ | 3,863 |
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities: |  |  |
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of warrants | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19,003 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations | 2,948 |  |  | 9,993 |
Purchases of property and equipment recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 5,439 |  |  | 2,630 |
Vendor stock-in-lieu of cash program—advances for capital projects and equipment | 4,245 |  |  | 10,293 |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 1. Organization and Description of Business
Luminar Technologies, Inc. (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, the “Company” or “Luminar”) is incorporated in Delaware. Luminar is a global automotive technology company ushering in a new era of vehicle safety and autonomy. Over the past decade, Luminar has been building from the chip-level up, its light detection and ranging sensor, or lidar, which is expected to meet the demanding performance, safety, reliability and cost requirements to enable next generation safety and autonomous capabilities for passenger and commercial vehicles as well as other adjacent markets. The Company’s Class A common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “LAZR.”
Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on February 28, 2023. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures. The significant estimates made by management include inventory reserves, useful life of long-lived assets, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, valuation of warrants issued in a private placement (“Private Warrants”), valuation of assets acquired in mergers and acquisitions including intangible assets, forecasted costs associated with non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) services, product warranty reserves, stock-based compensation expense and other loss contingencies. Management periodically evaluates such estimates and they are adjusted prospectively based upon such periodic evaluation. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment Information
The Company has determined its operating segments using the same indicators which are used to evaluate its performance internally. The Company’s business activities are organized in two operating segments:
(i) “Autonomy Solutions,” which includes manufacturing and distribution of lidar sensors that measure distance using laser light to generate a 3D map, non-recurring engineering services related to the Company’s lidar products, development of software products that enable autonomy capabilities for automotive applications, and licensing of the Company’s intellectual property (“IP”). In January 2023, the Company acquired certain assets from Seagate Technology LLC and Seagate Singapore International Headquarters Pte. Ltd. (individually and collectively, “Seagate”). Assets purchased from Seagate have been included in the Autonomy Solutions segment.
(ii) “Advanced Technologies and Services” (“ATS”), which includes development of application-specific integrated circuits, pixel-based sensors, advanced lasers, as well as designing, testing and providing consulting services for non-standard integrated circuits.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, debt securities and accounts receivable. The Company’s deposits exceed federally insured limits. Cash held by foreign subsidiaries of the Company as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was not material.
The Company’s revenue is derived from customers located in the United States and international markets. One customer accounted for 54% of the Company’s accounts receivable as of June 30, 2023. Three customers accounted for 27%, 23% and 11% of the Company’s accounts receivable as of December 31, 2022.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Significant Accounting Policies
The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. There has been no material change to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective
The Company has reviewed, or is in the process of evaluating, all issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and does not believe the future adoption of any such accounting pronouncements will cause a material impact on its consolidated financial position, operating results or statements of cash flows.
Note 3. Business Combinations and Acquisitions
Acquisition of Seagate’s Lidar Business
On January 18, 2023, the Company acquired certain assets (including intellectual property (“IP”), equipment and other assets) and employees from Seagate Technology LLC and its affiliates (together “Seagate”). The Company simultaneously licensed IP from Seagate. The aggregate purchase price of $12.6 million for the said acquired assets and the license was paid in cash. The acquired assets and employees comprised Seagate’s lidar development operations and have been combined into the Company’s research and development team. This transaction has been accounted for as a business combination.
Recording of Assets Acquired
Price allocation includes estimates of fair value of certain working capital and deferred tax balances. During the quarter ended June 30, 2023, the Company finalized its determination relating to the fair value of assets acquired from Seagate. The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation to assets acquired (in thousands):

|  | Recorded Value
Property plant and equipment |  | $ | 3,163 |
Developed Technology (1) |  | 8,240 |
Goodwill (2) |  | 1,063 |
Other assets |  | 142 |
Net assets acquired |  | $ | 12,608 |

(1)Technology and IP Licenses were measured using the cost approach. Significant inputs used as part of the valuation of intangible assets include personnel costs, overhead costs, developer’s profit, and expected time to reproduce.
(2)Goodwill is the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets recognized and represents the expected future economic benefits as a result of other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. Goodwill is not amortized. The factors that made up the goodwill recognized included workforce and expected synergies derived from the technology application to the Company’s current technological platforms. The entire amount of goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes and is allocated to the Autonomy Solutions segment, which is also deemed the reporting unit.
Identifiable intangible assets recognized (in thousands):

|  | Useful Life |  | Recorded Value
Developed technology |  | 4 — 6 years |  | $ | 8,240 |

The acquired business did not contribute distinct revenues but added additional operating expenses primarily related to personnel-related costs of the hired team of former Seagate employees and related facilities costs in the period from January 18, 2023 to June 30, 2023. Such operating expenses were not material to the operating results of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 4. Revenue
The Company’s revenue is comprised of sales of lidar sensors hardware, components, NRE services and licensing of certain information available with the Company.
Disaggregation of Revenues
The Company disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by (1) geographic region based on a customer’s billed to location, and (2) type of good or service and timing of transfer of goods or services to customers (point-in-time or over time), as it believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Total revenue based on the disaggregation criteria described above, as well as revenue by segment, are as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
| Revenue |  | % of Revenue |  | Revenue |  | % of Revenue
Revenue by primary geographical market: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North America | $ | 13,776 |  |  | 85 | % |  | $ | 8,716 |  |  | 88 | %
Asia Pacific | 393 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 932 |  |  | 9 | %
Europe and Middle East | 2,028 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 284 |  |  | 3 | %
Total | $ | 16,197 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 9,932 |  |  | 100 | %
Revenue by timing of recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recognized at a point in time | $ | 9,932 |  |  | 61 | % |  | $ | 1,798 |  |  | 18 | %
Recognized over time | 6,265 |  |  | 39 | % |  | 8,134 |  |  | 82 | %
Total | $ | 16,197 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 9,932 |  |  | 100 | %
Revenue by segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Autonomy Solutions | $ | 9,738 |  |  | 60 | % |  | $ | 4,179 |  |  | 42 | %
ATS | 6,459 |  |  | 40 | % |  | 5,753 |  |  | 58 | %
Total | $ | 16,197 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 9,932 |  |  | 100 | %

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
| Revenue |  | % of Revenue |  | Revenue |  | % of Revenue
Revenue by primary geographical market: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North America | $ | 26,974 |  |  | 88 | % |  | $ | 13,684 |  |  | 81 | %
Asia Pacific | 985 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 2,792 |  |  | 17 | %
Europe and Middle East | 2,747 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 311 |  |  | 2 | %
Total | $ | 30,706 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 16,787 |  |  | 100 | %
Revenue by timing of recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recognized at a point in time | $ | 17,290 |  |  | 56 | % |  | $ | 3,339 |  |  | 20 | %
Recognized over time | 13,416 |  |  | 44 | % |  | 13,448 |  |  | 80 | %
Total | $ | 30,706 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 16,787 |  |  | 100 | %
Revenue by segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Autonomy Solutions | $ | 20,411 |  |  | 66 | % |  | $ | 10,077 |  |  | 60 | %
ATS | 10,295 |  |  | 34 | % |  | 6,710 |  |  | 40 | %
Total | $ | 30,706 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 16,787 |  |  | 100 | %

Volvo Stock Purchase Warrant
As disclosed in the Company’s 2022 Annual Report, the Company had previously issued certain stock purchase warrants (“Volvo Warrants”) to Volvo Car Technology Fund AB (“VCTF”) in connection with an engineering services contract. The Volvo Warrants vest and become exercisable in two tranches based on satisfaction of certain commercial milestones. The fair value of the first tranche of the Volvo Warrants was recorded as a reduction in revenue in 2021. The second tranche of the
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Volvo warrants will be recorded as reduction in revenue upon achievement of sales of a certain number of the Company’s sensors to Volvo for use in their commercial vehicles, which had not commenced as of the end of June 30, 2023.
Contract assets and liabilities
Changes in our contract assets and contract liabilities primarily result from the timing difference between our performance and the customer’s payment based on contractual terms. Contract assets primarily represent revenues recognized for performance obligations that have been satisfied but for which amounts have not been billed. Contract liabilities consist of the Company’s obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration from the customer. Customer advanced payments represent required customer payments in advance of product shipments. Customer advance payments are recognized in revenue as or when control of the performance obligation is transferred to the customer.
The opening and closing balances of contract assets were as follows (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Contract assets, current | $ | 8,038 |  |  | $ | 15,395 |
Contract assets, non-current | 7,513 |  |  | 2,575 |
Ending balance | $ | 15,551 |  |  | $ | 17,970 |

The significant changes in contract assets balances consisted of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Beginning balance | $ | 17,970 |  |  | $ | 9,907 |
Amounts billed that were included in the contract assets beginning balance | (8,373) |  |  | (4,228) |
Revenue recognized for performance obligations that have been satisfied but for which amounts have not been billed | 5,954 |  |  | 12,291 |
Ending balance | $ | 15,551 |  |  | $ | 17,970 |

The opening and closing balances of contract liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Contract liabilities, current | $ | 4,143 |  |  | $ | 1,993 |
Contract liabilities, non-current | — |  |  | 1,015 |
Ending balance | $ | 4,143 |  |  | $ | 3,008 |

The significant changes in contract liabilities balances consisted of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Beginning balance | $ | 3,008 |  |  | $ | 898 |
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liabilities beginning balance | (1,615) |  |  | (489) |
Increase due to cash received and not recognized as revenue and billings in excess of revenue recognized during the period | 2,750 |  |  | 2,599 |
Ending balance | $ | 4,143 |  |  | $ | 3,008 |

Remaining Performance Obligations
Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations was $31.8 million as of June 30, 2023 and includes amounts within contract liabilities. The Company expects to recognize approximately 86% of this revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 5. Investments
Debt Securities
The Company’s investments in debt securities consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

|  | June 30, 2023
|  | Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
U.S. treasury securities |  | $ | 210,583 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | (749) |  |  | $ | 209,881 |
Commercial paper |  | 7,467 |  |  | — |  |  | (14) |  |  | 7,453 |
Corporate bonds |  | 43,946 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (91) |  |  | 43,857 |
Asset-backed securities |  | 981 |  |  | — |  |  | (3) |  |  | 978 |
Total debt securities |  | $ | 262,977 |  |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | (857) |  |  | $ | 262,169 |
Included in marketable securities |  | 262,977 |  |  | 49 |  |  | (857) |  |  | 262,169 |

|  | December 31, 2022
|  | Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
U.S. treasury securities |  | $ | 191,075 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | (2,598) |  |  | $ | 188,480 |
U.S. agency and government sponsored securities |  | 4,999 |  |  | — |  |  | (75) |  |  | 4,924 |
Commercial paper |  | 74,755 |  |  | — |  |  | (232) |  |  | 74,523 |
Corporate bonds |  | 111,123 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,214) |  |  | 109,909 |
Asset-backed securities |  | 11,945 |  |  | — |  |  | (110) |  |  | 11,835 |
Total debt securities |  | $ | 393,897 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | (4,229) |  |  | $ | 389,671 |
Included in marketable securities |  | $ | 393,897 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | (4,229) |  |  | $ | 389,671 |

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and the fair value for those debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

|  | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
|  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
U.S. treasury securities |  | $ | (749) |  |  | $ | 159,069 |  |  | $ | (2,598) |  |  | $ | 158,888 |
U.S. agency and government sponsored securities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (75) |  |  | 4,924 |
Commercial paper |  | (14) |  |  | 7,453 |  |  | (232) |  |  | 74,523 |
Corporate bonds |  | (91) |  |  | 39,729 |  |  | (1,214) |  |  | 109,909 |
Asset-backed securities |  | (3) |  |  | 978 |  |  | (110) |  |  | 11,835 |
Total |  | $ | (857) |  |  | $ | 207,229 |  |  | $ | (4,229) |  |  | $ | 360,079 |

As of June 30, 2023, the total amortized cost basis of the Company’s available-for-sale securities exceeded its fair value by $0.9 million, which was primarily attributable to widening credit spreads and rising interest rates since purchase. The Company reviewed its available-for-sale securities and concluded that the decline in fair value was not related to credit losses and that it is more likely than not that the entire amortized cost of each security will be recoverable before the Company is required to sell them or when the security matures. Accordingly, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, no allowance for credit losses was recorded and instead the unrealized losses are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Equity Investments
The Company’s equity investments consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets Location |  | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Money market funds(1) | Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 55,517 |  |  | $ | 42,056 |
Marketable equity investments(1) | Marketable securities |  | 14,509 |  |  | 29,643 |
Non-marketable equity investment measured using the measurement alternative(2) | Other non-current assets |  | 4,000 |  |  | 4,000 |
Total |  |  | $ | 74,026 |  |  | $ | 75,699 |

(1) Investments with readily determinable fair values.
(2) Investment in privately held company without readily determinable fair value.
The Company assesses its non-marketable equity investments quarterly for impairment. Adjustments and impairments are recorded in other income (expense), net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Note 6. Financial Statement Components
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consisted of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Cash | $ | 33,598 |  |  | $ | 27,496 |
Money market funds | 55,517 |  |  | 42,056 |
Total cash and cash equivalents | $ | 89,115 |  |  | $ | 69,552 |

Inventory
Inventory comprised of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Raw materials | $ | 11,461 |  |  | $ | 3,614 |
Work-in-process | 3,190 |  |  | 2,329 |
Finished goods | 5,666 |  |  | 2,849 |
Total inventories, net | $ | 20,317 |  |  | $ | 8,792 |

The Company’s inventory write-offs and write-downs (primarily due to obsolescence, lower of cost or market assessment, and other adjustments) were $8.0 million and $13.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and $3.4 million and $4.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Prepaid expenses | $ | 10,942 |  |  | $ | 15,653 |
Contract assets | 8,038 |  |  | 15,395 |
Advance payments to vendors | 7,031 |  |  | 7,919 |
Other receivables | 3,938 |  |  | 5,236 |
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 29,949 |  |  | $ | 44,203 |

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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Machinery and equipment | $ | 55,423 |  |  | $ | 14,047 |
Computer hardware and software | 8,431 |  |  | 6,797 |
Land | 1,001 |  |  | 1,001 |
Leasehold improvements | 19,139 |  |  | 885 |
Vehicles, including demonstration fleet | 3,353 |  |  | 3,222 |
Furniture and fixtures | 818 |  |  | 818 |
Construction in progress | 6,508 |  |  | 13,642 |
Total property and equipment | 94,673 |  |  | 40,412 |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (15,529) |  |  | (10,152) |
Total property and equipment, net | $ | 79,144 |  |  | $ | 30,260 |

Property and equipment capitalized under finance lease (capital lease prior to adoption of ASC 842) were not material.
Depreciation and amortization expense associated with property and equipment was $3.5 million and $5.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and $0.9 million and $1.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
The Company continually evaluates opportunities for optimizing its manufacturing processes and product design. During the second quarter of 2023, the Company’s management began evaluating certain options for changing sourcing of certain sub-assemblies and components which may help reduce future per unit sensor manufacturing costs. If these options are executed, certain property, plant & equipment items presently owned by the Company may no longer be needed for their original intended use. The impacted asset group was determined to be recoverable as of June 30, 2023. Given uncertainty with these strategic options as of June 30, 2023, the estimated useful lives of said assets were not revised during the second quarter of 2023. Subsequent to June 30, 2023, the Company’s management finalized and committed to a plan to proceed with change in its sourcing strategy. The Company is in the process of re-evaluating the useful lives of certain long-lived assets within the impacted asset group. Finalization of this analysis may result in the Company needing to record depreciation for the impacted assets over an accelerated period.
Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes the activity in the Company’s intangible assets (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  |
Beginning of the period | $ | 22,077 |  |  | $ | 2,424 |  |  |
Additions | 8,240 |  |  | 21,890 |  |  |
Amortization expense | (2,160) |  |  | (2,237) |  |  |
End of the period | $ | 28,157 |  |  | $ | 22,077 |  |  |

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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The components of intangible assets were as follows (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
| Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Weighted Average Remaining Period (Years) |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Weighted Average Remaining Period (Years)
Customer relationships | $ | 3,730 |  |  | $ | (1,071) |  |  | $ | 2,659 |  |  | 4.0 |  | $ | 3,730 |  |  | $ | (664) |  |  | $ | 3,066 |  |  | 4.4
Customer backlog | 650 |  |  | (488) |  |  | 162 |  |  | 0.4 |  | 650 |  |  | (292) |  |  | 358 |  |  | 0.9
Tradename | 620 |  |  | (276) |  |  | 344 |  |  | 2.8 |  | 620 |  |  | (214) |  |  | 406 |  |  | 3.3
Assembled workforce | 130 |  |  | (130) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | 130 |  |  | (130) |  |  | — |  |  | —
Developed technology | 20,150 |  |  | (2,658) |  |  | 17,492 |  |  | 6.1 |  | 11,910 |  |  | (1,163) |  |  | 10,747 |  |  | 7.5
IPR&D | 7,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,500 |  |  | — |  | 7,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,500 |  |  | —
Total intangible assets | $ | 32,780 |  |  | $ | (4,623) |  |  | $ | 28,157 |  |  | 5.7 |  | $ | 24,540 |  |  | $ | (2,463) |  |  | $ | 22,077 |  |  | 6.6

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $1.1 million and $2.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and $0.8 million and $0.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
As of June 30, 2023, the expected future amortization expense for intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):

Period |  | Expected Future Amortization Expense
2023 (remaining six months) |  | $ | 2,163 |
2024 |  | 4,001 |
2025 |  | 4,001 |
2026 |  | 3,354 |
2027 |  | 3,138 |
Thereafter |  | 4,000 |
IPR&D |  | 7,500 |
Total |  | $ | 28,157 |

Goodwill
The carrying amount of goodwill allocated to the Company’s reportable segments was as follows (in thousands):

| Autonomy Solutions |  | ATS |  | Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022 | $ | 687 |  |  | $ | 18,129 |  |  | $ | 18,816 |
Goodwill related to acquisition of Seagate’s lidar business (see Note 3) | 1,063 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,063 |
Balance as of June 30, 2023 | $ | 1,750 |  |  | $ | 18,129 |  |  | $ | 19,879 |

Other Non-Current Assets
Other non-current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Security deposits | $ | 2,386 |  |  | $ | 5,495 |
Non-marketable equity investment | 4,000 |  |  | 4,000 |
Advance payment for capital projects | — |  |  | 27,683 |
Contract assets | 7,513 |  |  | 2,575 |
Other non-current assets | 2,403 |  |  | 591 |
Total other non-current assets | $ | 16,302 |  |  | $ | 40,344 |

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Accrued and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Accrued compensation and benefits | $ | 26,847 |  |  | $ | 16,682 |
Accrued expenses | 21,853 |  |  | 22,358 |
Contract losses | 7,580 |  |  | 7,526 |
Warranty reserves | 4,734 |  |  | 3,584 |
Contract liabilities | 4,143 |  |  | 1,993 |
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities | 882 |  |  | 819 |
Total accrued and other current liabilities | $ | 66,039 |  |  | $ | 52,962 |

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded $4.8 million and $7.6 million, respectively, and $5.1 million and $5.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, in cost of sales (services) estimated losses expected to be incurred on NRE projects with certain customers. The estimated contract losses recorded were primarily a result of (a) changes in estimates related to costs expected to be incurred for contractual milestones based on actual experience on similar projects and (b) changes in scope of project deliverables agreed upon with the respective customers during the year.
Note 7. Convertible Senior Notes and Capped Call Transactions
In December 2021, the Company issued $625.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 in a private placement, which included $75.0 million aggregate principal amount of such notes pursuant to the exercise in full of the option granted to the initial purchasers to purchase additional notes (collectively, the “Convertible Senior Notes”). The interest on the Convertible Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on June 15, 2022. The Convertible Senior Notes will mature on December 15, 2026, unless repurchased or redeemed earlier by the Company or converted pursuant to their terms.
The total net proceeds from the debt offering, after deducting fees paid to the initial purchasers paid by the Company, was approximately $609.4 million.
Each $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes is initially convertible into 50.0475 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $19.98 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events prior to the maturity date but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date or if the Company delivers a notice of redemption in respect of some or all of the Convertible Senior Notes, the Company will, under certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate of the Convertible Senior Notes for a holder who elects to convert its Convertible Senior Notes in connection with such a corporate event or convert its Convertible Senior Notes called for redemption during the related redemption period, as the case may be. The Convertible Senior Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part (subject to certain limitations), at the Company’s option at any time, and from time to time, on or after December 20, 2024, and on or before the 40th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if certain liquidity conditions are satisfied and the last reported sale price per share of the Class A common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price on (1) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends the related redemption notice, and (2) the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends such notice. If the Company undergoes a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Senior Notes) prior to the maturity date, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes in principal amounts of $1,000 or a multiple thereof at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
Holders of the Convertible Senior Notes may convert their Convertible Senior Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 15, 2026, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter) commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2022, if the last reported sale price per share of the Class A common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2)
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
during the five consecutive business days immediately after any 10 consecutive trading day period (such 10 consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of the Class A common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events or distributions on the Class A common stock; and (4) if the Convertible Senior Notes are called for redemption. On or after June 15, 2026, holders may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of its Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of its Class A common stock, at the Company’s election. As of June 30, 2023, the conditions allowing holders of the Convertible Senior Notes to convert were not met.
The Company currently intends to settle the principal amount of its outstanding Convertible Senior Notes in cash and any excess in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock.
The Convertible Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations and will rank equal in right of payment with the Company’s future senior unsecured indebtedness; senior in right of payment to the Company’s future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Convertible Senior Notes; effectively subordinated to the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and (to the extent the Company is not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of the Company’s subsidiaries.
The Company has classified the Convertible Senior Notes as a non-current liability under the guidance in ASC 470-20, as amended by ASU 2020-06. Debt discount and issuance costs aggregating approximately $16.2 million were initially recorded as a reduction to the principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes and is being amortized as interest expense on a straight line basis over the contractual terms of the notes. The Company estimates that the difference between amortizing the debt discounts and the issuance costs using the straight line method as compared to using the effective interest rate method is immaterial.
The net carrying amount of the Convertible Senior Notes was as follows (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Principal | $ | 625,000 |  |  | $ | 625,000 |
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs | (11,190) |  |  | (12,808) |
Net carrying amount | $ | 613,810 |  |  | $ | 612,192 |

The following table sets forth the interest expense recognized related to the Convertible Senior Notes (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Contractual interest expense | $ | 1,948 |  |  | $ | 1,948 |  |  | $ | 3,874 |  |  | $ | 3,874 |
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs | 809 |  |  | 809 |  |  | 1,618 |  |  | 1,618 |
Total interest expense | $ | 2,757 |  |  | $ | 2,757 |  |  | $ | 5,492 |  |  | $ | 5,492 |

The remaining term over which the debt discount and issuance costs will be amortized is 3.5 years. Contractual interest expense is reflected as a component of other income (expense) income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.
In connection with the offering of the Convertible Senior Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call option transactions with certain counterparties (the “Capped Calls”). The Capped Calls each have an initial strike price of approximately $19.98 per share, subject to certain adjustments, which corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Convertible Senior Notes. The Capped Calls have initial cap prices of $30.16 per share, subject to certain adjustment events. The Capped Calls are generally intended to reduce the potential dilution to the Class A common stock upon any conversion of the Convertible Senior Notes and/or offset any cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted Convertible Senior Notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap based on the cap price. The Capped Calls expire on April 6, 2027, subject to earlier exercise. The Capped Calls are subject to either adjustment or termination upon the occurrence of specified extraordinary events affecting the Company, including a merger event, a tender offer, and a nationalization, insolvency or delisting involving the Company. In addition, the Capped Calls are subject to certain specified additional disruption events that may give rise to a termination of the Capped Calls, including
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
changes in law, failure to deliver, and hedging disruptions. The Capped Calls are recorded in stockholders’ equity and are not accounted for as derivatives. The net cost of $73.4 million incurred to purchase the Capped Calls was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
Note 8. Fair Value Measurements
As of June 30, 2023, the Company carried cash equivalents, marketable investments and Private Warrants that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, the Company measures its equity settled fixed value awards at fair value on a recurring basis. See Note 11 for further information on the Company’s fixed value equity awards.
Fair value is based on the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:
Level 1 — Observable inputs, which include unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs, such as quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are based on management’s assumptions, including fair value measurements determined by using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques.
The Company determined the fair value of its Level 1 financial instruments, which are traded in active markets, using quoted market prices for identical instruments.
Marketable investments classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy are valued based on other observable inputs, including broker or dealer quotations, alternative pricing sources or U.S. Government Treasury yield of appropriate term. When quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities are not available, the Company relies on non-binding quotes from its investment managers, which are based on proprietary valuation models of independent pricing services. These models generally use inputs such as observable market data, quoted market prices for similar instruments, historical pricing trends of a security as relative to its peers. To validate the fair value determination provided by its investment managers, the Company reviews the pricing movement in the context of overall market trends and trading information from its investment managers. The Company performs routine procedures such as comparing prices obtained from independent source to ensure that appropriate fair values are recorded.
Given that the transfer of Private Warrants to anyone outside of a small group of individuals constituting the sponsors of Gores Metropoulos, Inc. would result in the Private Warrants having substantially the same terms as the Public Warrants, management determined that the fair value of each Private Warrant is the same as that of a Public Warrant, with an insignificant adjustment for short-term marketability restrictions, as of December 31, 2022. As of June 30, 2023, management determined the fair value of the Private Warrants using observable inputs in the Black-Scholes valuation model, which used the remaining term of warrants of 2.43 years volatility of 78.3% and a risk-free rate of 4.71%. Accordingly, the Private Warrants are classified as Level 3 financial instruments.
The following table presents changes in Level 3 liabilities relating to Private Warrants measured at fair value (in thousands):

|  | Private Warrants
Balance as of December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 3,005 |
Change in fair value of outstanding warrants |  | 1,028 |
Balance as of June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 4,033 |

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The Company’s financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis and the level of inputs used for such measurements were as follows (in thousands):

| Fair Value (in thousands) Measured as of June 30, 2023 Using:
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 55,517 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 55,517 |
Total cash equivalents | $ | 55,517 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 55,517 |
Marketable investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasury securities | $ | 209,881 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 209,881 |
Commercial paper | — |  |  | 7,453 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,453 |
Corporate bonds | — |  |  | 43,857 |  |  | — |  |  | 43,857 |
Asset-backed securities | — |  |  | 978 |  |  | — |  |  | 978 |
Marketable equity investments | 14,509 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,509 |
Total marketable investments | $ | 224,390 |  |  | $ | 52,288 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 276,678 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Private Warrants | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,033 |  |  | $ | 4,033 |

| Fair Value (in thousands) Measured as of December 31, 2022 Using:
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 42,056 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 42,056 |
Total cash equivalents | $ | 42,056 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 42,056 |
Marketable investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasury securities | $ | 188,480 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 188,480 |
U.S. agency and government sponsored securities | — |  |  | 4,924 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,924 |
Commercial paper | — |  |  | 74,523 |  |  | — |  |  | 74,523 |
Corporate bonds | — |  |  | 109,909 |  |  | — |  |  | 109,909 |
Asset-backed securities | — |  |  | 11,835 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,835 |
Marketable equity investments | 29,643 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,643 |
Total marketable investments | $ | 218,123 |  |  | $ | 201,191 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 419,314 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Private Warrants | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,005 |  |  | $ | 3,005 |

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the Company’s outstanding Convertible Senior Notes was $418.8 million and $352.5 million, respectively. The fair value was determined based on the quoted price of the Convertible Senior Notes in an inactive market on the last trading day of the reporting period and have been classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. See Note 7 for further information on the Company’s Convertible Senior Notes.
The fair value of Company’s other financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable and other current liabilities, approximate their carrying value due to the relatively short maturity of those instruments. The carrying amounts of the Company’s finance leases approximate their fair value, which is the present value of expected future cash payments based on assumptions about current interest rates and the creditworthiness of the Company.
Note 9. Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock during the period plus common stock equivalents, as calculated under the treasury stock method, outstanding during the period. If the Company reports a net loss, the computation of diluted loss per share
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
excludes the effect of dilutive common stock equivalents, as their effect would be antidilutive. The Company computes earnings (loss) per share using the two-class method for its Class A and Class B common stock. Earnings (loss) per share is same for both Class A and Class B common stock since they are entitled to the same liquidation and dividend rights.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except for share and per share amounts):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (141,756) |  |  | $ | (95,239) |  |  | $ | (288,530) |  |  | $ | (183,572) |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding—Basic | 382,424,675 |  |  | 352,054,529 |  |  | 376,616,066 |  |  | 350,378,494 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding—Diluted | 382,424,675 |  |  | 352,054,529 |  |  | 376,616,066 |  |  | 350,378,494 |
Net loss per share—Basic and Diluted | $ | (0.37) |  |  | $ | (0.27) |  |  | $ | (0.77) |  |  | $ | (0.52) |

The following table presents the potential shares of common stock outstanding that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share of common stock as of the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive or related contingencies on issuance of shares had not been met as of June 30, 2023:

|  |  |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |
Warrants |  |  |  |  | 5,757,549 |  |  |
Stock-based awards—Equity classified |  |  |  |  | 36,511,687 |  |  |
Stock-based awards—Liability classified |  |  |  |  | 9,789,753 |  |  |
Vendor stock-in-lieu of cash program |  |  |  |  | 500,969 |  |  |
Option issued to a wholly owned subsidiary of TPK |  |  |  |  | 1,652,892 |  |  |
Convertible Senior Notes |  |  |  |  | 31,279,716 |  |  |
Earn-out shares |  |  |  |  | 8,606,717 |  |  |
Total |  |  |  |  | 94,099,283 |  |  |

The Company uses the if converted method for calculating the dilutive effect of the Convertible Senior Notes using the initial conversion price of $19.981 per share. The closing price of Class A common stock as of June 30, 2023 was less than the initial conversion price.
Note 10. Stockholders’ Equity
Class A and Class B Common Stock
The Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) has authorized two classes of common stock, Class A and Class B. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had authorized 715,000,000 shares of Class A common stock and 121,000,000 shares of Class B common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share for each class. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had 313,888,629 shares issued and 292,025,179 shares outstanding of Class A common stock, and 97,088,670 shares issued and outstanding of Class B common stock. Holders of Class A and Class B common stock have identical rights, except that holders of the Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share and the holder of the Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes per share.
Equity Financing Program
On February 28, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Virtu Americas LLC (the “Agent”) under which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time in its sole discretion, shares of the Company’s Class A common stock with aggregate gross sales proceeds of up to $75.0 million through an equity offering program under which the Agent will act as sales agent (the “Equity Financing Program”). The Company intends to use the net proceeds from offerings under the Equity Financing Program primarily for expenditures or payments in connection with strategic merger and acquisition opportunities, as well as potential strategic investments, partnerships and similar transactions.
Under the Sales Agreement, the Company sets the parameters for the sale of the shares, including the number of shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, limitations on the number of shares that may be sold in any one trading day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the Agent has agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
practices, to sell the shares by methods deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) including sales made through The Nasdaq Global Select Market.
The Company issued 1,005,603 and 3,765,292 shares of Class A common stock under the Equity Financing Program during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 for net proceeds of $6.9 million and $29.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2023, $45.1 million of Class A common stock was available for sale under the program.
Strategic Investment Agreement
On May 8, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement to issue 1,652,892 shares of Class A common stock to a wholly owned subsidiary of TPK, for a cash purchase price of $10.0 million pursuant to a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. The Company received proceeds of $10.0 million and issued 1,652,892 shares of Class A common stock on May 15, 2023. Additionally, the Company granted an option to purchase 1,652,892 additional shares of Class A common stock worth $10.0 million within 90 days following the date of the agreement. The option was equity classified and the fair value of the option recorded within additional paid in capital was not material. On August 4, 2023, TPK notified the Company of its intention to exercise the option. The settlement of the option exercise is expected to close in August 2023.
Private Warrants
The Company had 1,668,269 Private Warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2022. No Private Warrants were exercised in the six months ended June 30, 2023. The Private Warrants are set to expire on December 2, 2025. Each Private Warrant allows the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at $11.50 per share.
Stock-in-lieu of Cash Program
The Company has entered into arrangements with certain vendors and other third parties wherein the Company at its discretion may elect to compensate the respective vendors / third parties for services provided in either cash or by issuing shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (“Stock-in-lieu of Cash Program”). The Company considers the shares issuable under the Stock-in-lieu of Cash Program as liability classified awards when the arrangement with the vendors requires the Company to issue a variable number of shares to settle amounts owed.
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued 6,115,092 shares of Class A common stock as part of the Stock-in-lieu of Cash Program, including 1,564,822 shares of Class A common stock in lieu of cash to a certain vendor for purchases of certain data, hardware and software pursuant to a private placement.
As of June 30, 2023, the Company had a total of $11.0 million in prepaid expenses and other current and non-current assets related to its Stock-in-lieu of Cash Program.
The Company’s vendor Stock-in-lieu of Cash Program activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was as follows:

| Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested shares as of December 31, 2022 | 1,047,151 |  |  | $ | 11.90 |
Granted | 6,115,092 |  |  | 6.15 |
Vested | (4,588,812) |  |  | 6.72 |
Unvested shares as of June 30, 2023 | 2,573,431 |  |  | 7.47 |

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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 11. Stock-based Compensation
Prior to becoming a publicly traded entity, the Company issued incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, and restricted stock to employees and non-employee consultants under its 2015 Stock Plan (the “2015 Plan”). Since the closing of the business combination between Gores Metropoulos, Inc. and Luminar Technologies, Inc. on December 2, 2020 (the “Business Combination”), the Company has not issued any new stock-based awards under the 2015 Plan.
In December 2020, the Board adopted, and the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”). The 2020 Plan became effective upon the closing of the Business Combination. Under the 2020 Plan, the Company was originally authorized to issue a maximum number of 36,588,278 shares of Class A common stock.
In June 2022, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of the Company’s 2020 Plan (the “Amended 2020 Plan”) to increase the number of shares of Class A common stock authorized for issuance by 36,000,000 additional shares and added an evergreen provision under which the number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the Amended 2020 Plan will be increased on the first day of each fiscal year of the Company beginning with the 2023 fiscal year and ending on (and including) the first day of the 2030 fiscal year, in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, (ii) 40,000,000 shares or (iii) such number of shares determined by the Board. Pursuant to the evergreen provision, 18,358,365 additional shares of Class A common stock were added to the Amended 2020 Plan on January 1, 2023.
Stock Options
Under the terms of the 2015 Plan, incentive stock options had an exercise price at or above the fair market value of the stock on the date of the grant, while non-qualified stock options were permitted to be granted below fair market value of the stock on the date of grant. Stock options granted have service-based vesting conditions only. The service-based vesting conditions vary, though typically, stock options vest over four years with 25% of stock options vesting on the first anniversary of the grant and the remaining 75% vesting monthly over the remaining 36 months. Option holders have a 10-year period to exercise their options before they expire. Forfeitures are recognized in the period of occurrence.
The Company’s stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was as follows:

| Number of Common Stock Options |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 8,162,850 |  |  | $ | 1.74 |  |  |  |  |
Exercised | (987,653) |  |  | 1.67 |  |  |  |  |
Cancelled/Forfeited | (254,010) |  |  | 1.67 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding as of June 30, 2023 | 6,921,187 |  |  | 1.75 |  |  | 6.49 |  | $ | 36,209 |

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $5.5 million. The intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price and the fair value of the common stock on the exercise date. The total grant-date fair value of stock options vested during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $2.1 million.
Restricted Stock Awards
Prior to June 30, 2019, the Company granted restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) to employees. Recipients purchased the restricted stock on the grant date and the Company has the right to repurchase the restricted shares at the same price recipients paid to obtain those shares. The restrictions lapse solely based on continued service, and generally lapse over 4 years —25% on the first anniversary of the date of issuance, and the remaining 75% monthly over the remaining 36 months. At the grant date of the award, recipients of restricted stock are granted voting rights and receive dividends on unvested shares. No restricted stock awards have been granted since June 30, 2019.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The Company’s RSAs activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was as follows:

| Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 64,486 |  |  | $ | 1.29 |
Vested | (64,486) |  |  | 1.29 |
Outstanding as of June 30, 2023 | — |  |  | — |

Restricted Stock units
Since the closing of the Business Combination, the Company has granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under the Amended 2020 Plan (and prior to its amendment and restatement, under the 2020 Plan). Each RSU granted under the Amended 2020 Plan represents a right to receive one share of the Company’s Class A common stock when the RSU vests. RSUs generally vest over a period up to six years. The Company has granted certain performance-based equity awards that vest upon achievement of certain performance milestones. The fair value of RSUs is equal to the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
The Company’s Time-Based RSUs and Performance-Based and Other RSUs activity (the Company disclosed RSUs activity on an aggregated basis in filings prior to this Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023) for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was as follows:

| Time-Based RSUs |  | Performance-Based and Other RSUs
| Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share |  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 25,010,689 |  |  | $ | 12.76 |  |  | 583,347 |  |  | $ | 8.39 |
Granted | 13,318,819 |  |  | 7.17 |  |  | 961,187 |  |  | 8.58 |
Forfeited | (1,598,623) |  |  | 11.12 |  |  | (12,832) |  |  | 8.58 |
Vested | (7,481,325) |  |  | 11.82 |  |  | (31,282) |  |  | 8.58 |
Change in units based on performance | — |  |  | — |  |  | (404,323) |  |  | 9.90 |
Outstanding as of June 30, 2023 | 29,249,560 |  |  | 10.54 |  |  | 1,096,097 |  |  | 7.99 |

Fixed Value Equity Awards
The Company issues fixed value equity awards to certain employees as a part of their compensation package. These awards are issued as RSUs under the Amended 2020 Plan (and prior to its amendment and restatement, under the 2020 Plan) and are accounted for as liability classified awards under ASC 718 — Stock Compensation. Fixed value equity awards granted have service-based conditions only and vest quarterly over a period of up to four years. These awards represent a fixed dollar amount settled in a variable number of shares determined at each vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense related to these awards was $3.0 million and $5.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $1.7 million and $3.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
Optogration Milestone Awards
As part of the acquisition of Optogration, Inc. in August 2021, the Company owed up to $22.0 million of post combination compensation related to certain service and performance conditions (“Optogration Milestone Awards”). In August 2022, the Company issued 1,632,056 shares of Class A common stock for $11.0 million of the Optogration Milestone Awards due to achievement of the service and performance conditions. As of June 30, 2023, it is probable that the service and performance conditions for the remaining $11.0 million obligation will be met.
Freedom Photonics Awards
As part of the acquisition of Freedom Photonics LLC (“Freedom Photonics”) in April 2022, the Company owed up to $29.8 million of post combination compensation related to certain service and performance conditions including achievement of certain technical and financial milestones. In May 2023, the Company issued 634,994 shares of Class A common stock and 492,176 RSUs for $3.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively, of the post combination compensation due to achievement of the service and performance conditions. As of June 30, 2023, it is probable that the remaining conditions will be met for the outstanding balance of $22.4 million of post combination compensation.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Solfice Awards
The service and performance conditions related to the post combination compensation associated with the acquisition of certain assets from Solfice Research, Inc. (“Solfice”) were met in June 2023.
Management Awards
On May 2, 2022, the Board granted an award of 10.8 million RSUs to Austin Russell, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The grant date fair value per share of the award granted to Mr. Russell was $8.70 per share. On August 19, 2022, the Board granted 500,000 RSUs to each of Thomas Fennimore, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, and Alan Prescott, the Company’s Chief Legal Officer. The grant date fair value per share of the awards granted to Mr. Fennimore and Mr. Prescott was $6.12 per share.
These awards to Mr. Russell, Mr. Fennimore and Mr. Prescott are subject to all of the following vesting conditions:
•Public Market condition: Achievement of three stock price milestones: $50 or more, $60 or more, and $70 or more. The stock price will be measured based on the volume-weighted average price per share for 90 consecutive trading days;
•Service condition: Approximately 7-years of vesting; and
•Performance condition: Start of production for at least one series production program.
On March 16, 2023, the Board granted a $12.0 million stock-price based award to the Company’s Executive Vice President & General Manager that vested in six tranches of $2.0 million each, upon achievement of the six stock price milestones of $20, $25, $30, $40, $50 and $60 based on 90 trading day volume-weighted average price of a share of common stock over a 7.0 years performance period. The grant date fair value per share of the award granted to the said executive was $8.58 per share. On June 20, 2023, this award was modified to settle in a fixed number of shares and the impact of modification was not material.
The Company measured the compensation cost for the above management awards using a Monte Carlo simulation model and recorded $5.8 million and $11.5 million in stock-based compensation expense related to these awards in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.
The Company’s management awards activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was as follows:

| Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 11,800,000 |  |  | $ | 8.48 |
Granted | 370,000 |  |  | 6.80 |
Outstanding as of June 30, 2023 | 12,170,000 |  |  | 8.43 |

Compensation expense
Stock-based compensation expense by function was as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Cost of sales | $ | 1,925 |  |  | $ | 6,989 |  |  | $ | 4,587 |  |  | $ | 8,775 |
Research and development | 20,541 |  |  | 8,714 |  |  | 38,012 |  |  | 15,816 |
Sales and marketing | 9,792 |  |  | 2,741 |  |  | 15,620 |  |  | 5,609 |
General and administrative | 26,937 |  |  | 20,181 |  |  | 56,930 |  |  | 35,123 |
Total | $ | 59,195 |  |  | $ | 38,625 |  |  | $ | 115,149 |  |  | $ | 65,323 |

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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Stock-based compensation expense by type of award was as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Equity Classified Awards: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options | $ | 534 |  |  | $ | 748 |  |  | $ | 1,261 |  |  | $ | 1,270 |
RSAs | 1 |  |  | 187 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 21 |
RSUs | 34,706 |  |  | 32,540 |  |  | 73,038 |  |  | 54,049 |
Management awards | 5,840 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,499 |  |  | — |
ESPP | 345 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 748 |  |  | 157 |
Liability Classified Awards: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity settled fixed value | 3,035 |  |  | 1,741 |  |  | 5,916 |  |  | 3,521 |
Optogration | 3,078 |  |  | 394 |  |  | 5,659 |  |  | 3,447 |
Freedom Photonics | 4,977 |  |  | 2,800 |  |  | 9,532 |  |  | 2,800 |
Other | 6,679 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 7,435 |  |  | 58 |
Total | $ | 59,195 |  |  | $ | 38,625 |  |  | $ | 115,149 |  |  | $ | 65,323 |

Note 12. Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was not material. The effective tax rate was 0.0% and 0.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective tax rates differ significantly from the statutory tax rate of 21%, primarily due to the Company’s valuation allowance movement in each period presented.
Note 13. Leases
The Company leases office and manufacturing facilities under non-cancelable operating leases expiring at various dates through November 2028. Some of the Company’s leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal terms that if exercised by the Company, extend the lease term from one to six years. The exercise of these renewal options is at the Company’s discretion. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material terms and conditions of residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The Company’s short-term leases and sublease income were not material.
The components of lease expenses were as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating lease cost | $ | 2,028 |  |  | $ | 1,597 |  |  | $ | 4,000 |  |  | $ | 2,713 |
Variable lease cost | 518 |  |  | 515 |  |  | 1,034 |  |  | 1,070 |
Total operating lease cost | $ | 2,546 |  |  | $ | 2,112 |  |  | $ | 5,034 |  |  | $ | 3,783 |

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |
Cash paid for operating leases included in operating activities | $ | (3,881) |  |  | $ | (2,857) |
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: |  |  |
Operating leases | 2,948 |  |  | 9,993 |

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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  |
Operating leases: |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 21,043 |  |  | $ | 21,244 |  |  |
Operating lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease liabilities, current | $ | 6,071 |  |  | $ | 5,953 |  |  |
Operating lease liabilities, non-current | 16,701 |  |  | 16,989 |  |  |
Total operating lease liabilities | $ | 22,772 |  |  | $ | 22,942 |  |  |

Weighted average remaining terms were as follows (in years):

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  |
Weighted average remaining lease term |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases | 4.14 |  | 4.43 |  |

Weighted average discount rates were as follows:

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  |
Weighted average discount rate |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases | 5.90 | % |  | 5.45 | % |  |

Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

| Operating Leases |  |
Year Ending December 31, |  |  |
2023 (remaining six months) | $ | 3,240 |  |  |
2024 | 5,892 |  |  |
2025 | 5,789 |  |  |
2026 | 5,310 |  |  |
2027 | 4,208 |  |  |
2028 | 1,363 |  |  |
Total lease payments | 25,802 |  |  |
Less: imputed interest | (3,030) |  |  |
Total leases liabilities | $ | 22,772 |  |  |

Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies
Purchase and Other Obligations
The Company purchases goods and services from a variety of suppliers in the ordinary course of business. Purchase obligations are defined as agreements that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased, fixed, minimum, or variable price provisions, and the approximate timing of the transaction. The Company had purchase obligations primarily for purchases of inventory, R&D, and general and administrative activities totaling $82.9 million as of June 30, 2023.
Legal Matters
From time to time, the Company is involved in actions, claims, suits and other proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including assertions by third parties relating to intellectual property infringement, breaches of contract or warranties or employment-related matters. When it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company records a liability for such loss contingencies. The Company’s estimates regarding potential losses and materiality are based on the Company’s judgment and assessment of the claims utilizing currently available information. Although the Company will continue to reassess its reserves and estimates based on future developments, the Company’s objective assessment of the legal merits of such claims may not always be predictive of the outcome and actual results may vary from the Company’s current estimates. The Company’s current legal accrual is not material to the financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
On May 26, 2023, a putative class action styled Johnson v. Luminar Technologies, Inc., et al., Case No. 6:23-cv-00982-PGB-LHP, was filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, against the Company and an employee. The suit asserts purported claims on behalf of purchasers of the Company’s securities between February 28, 2023 and March 17, 2023 under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act for allegedly misleading statements regarding the Company’s photonic integrated circuits technology. The Company disputes the allegations in the complaint and intends to vigorously defend the litigation. The Company presently does not expect this matter to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial results and did not accrue anything related to this matter as of June 30, 2023.
Note 15. Segment and Customer Concentration Information
Reportable segments are (i) Autonomy Solutions and (ii) ATS. These segments reflect the way the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) evaluates the Company’s business performance and manages its operations. Each segment has distinct product offerings, customers and market penetration. The Chief Executive Officer is the CODM of the Company.
Autonomy Solutions
This segment manufactures and distributes commercial lidar sensors that measure distance using laser light for automotive mobility applications. This segment is impacted by trends in the autonomous vehicles and associated infrastructure/technology sector.
ATS
This segment is in the business of development of semiconductor technology based lasers and sensors. This segment also designs, tests and provides consulting services for development of integrated circuits. This segment is impacted by trends in and the strength of the automobile and aeronautics sector as well as government spending in military and defense activities.
The accounting policies of the operating segments are the same as those described in Note 2. Segment operating results and reconciliations to the Company’s consolidated balances are as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
| Autonomy Solutions |  | ATS |  | Total reportable segments |  | Eliminations (1) |  | Total Consolidated
Revenues from external customers | $ | 9,738 |  |  | $ | 6,459 |  |  | $ | 16,197 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,197 |
Depreciation and amortization | 3,866 |  |  | 683 |  |  | 4,549 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,549 |
Operating income (loss) | (120,162) |  |  | (22,234) |  |  | (142,396) |  |  | (1,496) |  |  | (143,892) |
Other significant items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment assets | 708,853 |  |  | 73,664 |  |  | 782,517 |  |  | (182,743) |  |  | 599,774 |
Inventories, net | 19,679 |  |  | 676 |  |  | 20,355 |  |  | (38) |  |  | 20,317 |

| Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
| Autonomy Solutions |  | ATS |  | Total reportable segments |  | Eliminations (1) |  | Total Consolidated
Revenues from external customers | $ | 4,179 |  |  | $ | 5,753 |  |  | $ | 9,932 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,932 |
Depreciation and amortization | 976 |  |  | 763 |  |  | 1,739 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,739 |
Operating income (loss) | (105,592) |  |  | 728 |  |  | (104,864) |  |  | 424 |  |  | (104,440) |
Other significant items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment assets | 786,708 |  |  | 51,046 |  |  | 837,754 |  |  | (62,157) |  |  | 775,597 |
Inventory | 9,022 |  |  | 327 |  |  | 9,349 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,349 |

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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
| Autonomy Solutions |  | ATS |  | Total reportable segments |  | Eliminations (1) |  | Total Consolidated
Revenues from external customers | $ | 20,411 |  |  | $ | 10,295 |  |  | $ | 30,706 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 30,706 |
Depreciation and amortization | 6,192 |  |  | 1,344 |  |  | 7,536 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,536 |
Operating income (loss) | (261,851) |  |  | (22,830) |  |  | (284,681) |  |  | (1,106) |  |  | (285,787) |
Other significant items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment assets | 708,853 |  |  | 73,664 |  |  | 782,517 |  |  | (182,743) |  |  | 599,774 |
Inventory | 19,679 |  |  | 676 |  |  | 20,355 |  |  | (38) |  |  | 20,317 |

| Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
| Autonomy Solutions |  | ATS |  | Total reportable segments |  | Eliminations (1) |  | Total Consolidated
Revenues from external customers | $ | 10,077 |  |  | $ | 6,710 |  |  | $ | 16,787 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,787 |
Depreciation and amortization | 1,520 |  |  | 1,024 |  |  | 2,544 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,544 |
Operating income (loss) | (187,769) |  |  | 998 |  |  | (186,771) |  |  | — |  |  | (186,771) |
Other significant items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment assets | 786,708 |  |  | 51,046 |  |  | 837,754 |  |  | (62,157) |  |  | 775,597 |
Inventory | 9,022 |  |  | 327 |  |  | 9,349 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,349 |

(1) Represents the eliminations of all intercompany balances and transactions during the period presented.
One customer accounted for 31% of the Company’s revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Two customers accounted for 29% and 16% of the Company’s revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023. One customer accounted for 24% of the Company’s revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Two customers accounted for 35% and 15% of the Company’s revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022.
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on February 28, 2023. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in our 2022 Annual Report and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. See also “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Form 10-Q.
Overview
We are a global automotive technology company ushering a new era of vehicle safety and autonomy. We are enabling solutions for series production passenger cars and commercial trucks as well as other targeted markets.
We have built a new type of lidar sensor which we believe meets the demanding performance, safety, and cost requirements for autonomous vehicles in production, while also enabling Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (“ADAS”).
Our lidar hardware and software products help set the standard for safety in the industry and are designed to enable accurate and reliable detections of some of the most challenging “edge cases” autonomous vehicles can encounter on a regular basis. This is achieved by advancing existing lidar range and resolution to new levels, ensuring hard-to-see objects like a tire on the road ahead or a child that runs into the street are not missed, as well as by developing our software to interpret the data needed to inform autonomous and assisted driving decisions.
Acquisition of Seagate’s Lidar Business
On January 18, 2023, we completed our purchase of certain assets (including intellectual property (“IP”), equipment and other assets) and hired employees from Seagate Technology LLC and Seagate Singapore International Headquarters Pte. Ltd. (individually and collectively, “Seagate”). The said assets and workforce are expected to contribute towards continued development of our lidar technology. This transaction has been accounted for as a business combination.
COVID-19 Impact
COVID-19 and any new developments relating to COVID-19 could adversely impact certain aspects of our business, including product development and industrialization initiatives, timing of shipment of products and provision of services to customers, supply chain, and may impact our financial position and results of operations. We are unable to predict at this time the potential adverse impacts. For more information on our operations and risks related to health epidemics, including COVID-19, see Item 1A. Risk Factors in our 2022 Annual Report.
Industrialization Update
We continue to execute on our industrialization plan in conjunction with our automaker partners. We remain on track to complete the rigorous validation process throughout the second half of 2023 at the new manufacturing facility in Mexico built in conjunction with our contract manufacturing partner Celestica.
We continually evaluate opportunities for optimizing our manufacturing processes and product design. During the second quarter of 2023, we began evaluating certain options for changing sourcing of certain sub-assemblies and components which may help reduce future per unit sensor manufacturing costs. Given the uncertainty around these strategic options as of June 30, 2023, the impacted asset group was determined to be recoverable as of June 30, 2023, and the estimated useful lives of said assets were not revised during the second quarter of 2023. Subsequent to June 30, 2023, we finalized and committed to a plan to proceed with change in our sourcing strategy. As a result, we are in the process of re-evaluating the useful lives of certain long-lived assets within the impacted asset group, as this change will result in certain property, plant and equipment items presently owned by us no longer being needed for their original intended use. Finalization of this analysis will result in us needing to record depreciation for the impacted assets over an accelerated period. While the amount is uncertain, we currently estimate that the aggregate amount of the accelerated depreciation and other charges, if required, to be recorded by the fourth quarter of 2023 may be in the range of approximately $10.0 million to $20.0 million.
Business Updates
In the second quarter of 2023, we announced a partnership with Plus to advance highly automated driving and safety systems for commercial vehicle manufacturers. We will be the exclusive provider of mid- to long-range lidar for PlusDrive, Plus’s factory installed assisted driving system for commercial vehicles. Plus will also be the exclusive third-party provider of enhanced driver assist software for our solution for commercial vehicle OEMs.
Given the customary business practices in the automotive industry, the rapidly changing nature of the markets in which we compete and that lidar is new, there remains potential risk that our major commercial wins may not ultimately generate any
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significant revenue. See the discussion under the heading “The period of time from a major commercial win to implementation is long and we are subject to risks of cancellation or postponement of the contract or unsuccessful implementation” in “Risk Factors” in Item IA of Part I in our 2022 Annual Report.
Basis of Presentation
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our wholly owned subsidiaries. We have eliminated intercompany accounts and transactions.
Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
Our business and revenue producing activities are organized in two operating segments: (i) Autonomy Solutions and (ii) Advanced Technologies and Services (“ATS”).
The Autonomy Solutions segment is engaged in design, manufacturing, and sale of lidar sensors catering mainly to the OEMs in the automobile, commercial vehicle, robo-taxi and adjacent industries. The Autonomy Solutions segment revenue also includes fees earned from non-recurring engineering services provided to customers in connection with customization of our sensor and software products, as well as revenue generated from licensing of certain information.
The ATS segment provides advanced semiconductors and related components, as well as design, test and consulting services to the Autonomy Solutions segment and to various third-party customers, including government agencies and defense contractors, in markets generally unrelated to autonomous vehicles.
One customer accounted for 31% of the Company’s revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Two customers accounted for 29% and 16% of the Company’s revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023. One customer accounted for 24% of the Company’s revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Two customers accounted for 35% and 15% of the Company’s revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022.
Cost of sales and gross profit (loss)
Cost of sales includes the fixed and variable manufacturing cost of our lidar sensors, which primarily consists of personnel-related costs, including stock-based compensation expense for personnel engaged in manufacturing, engineering, and material purchases from third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers which are directly associated with our manufacturing process. Cost of sales includes cost of providing services to customers, depreciation and amortization for manufacturing fixed assets or equipment, cost of components, product testing and launch-related costs, an allocated portion of overhead, facility and information technology (“IT”) costs, write downs for excess and obsolete inventory and shipping costs.
The ATS segment provides certain services and components to the Autonomy Solutions segment which are recorded as cost of goods sold or research and development costs depending on the nature and use of such services and components by the Autonomy Solutions segment. These inter-segment transactions are eliminated in the consolidated results.
Gross profit (loss) equals revenue less cost of sales.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development (R&D)
R&D costs are expensed as incurred. Design and development costs for products to be sold under long-term supply arrangements are expensed as incurred. Design and development costs for molds, dies, and other tools involved in developing new technologies are expensed as incurred.
Our R&D efforts are focused on enhancing and developing additional functionality for our existing products and on new product development, including new releases and upgrades to our lidar sensors and integrated software solutions. R&D expenses consist primarily of:
•Personnel-related expenses, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense, for personnel in our research and engineering functions;
•Expenses related to materials, software licenses, supplies and third-party services;
•Prototype expenses; and
•An allocated portion of facility and IT costs and depreciation.
The ATS segment provides certain services and components to the Autonomy Solutions segment which are recorded as cost of goods sold or research and development costs depending on the nature and use of such services and components by the Autonomy Solutions segment. These inter-segment transactions are eliminated in our consolidated results. We expect our R&D
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costs to increase for the foreseeable future as we continue to invest in research and development activities to achieve our product roadmap, and we expect to continue to incur operating losses for at least the foreseeable future due to continued R&D investments.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses consist of personnel and personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation of our business development team, as well as advertising and marketing expenses. These include the cost of marketing programs, trade shows, promotional materials, demonstration equipment, an allocated portion of facility and IT costs and depreciation.
We expect to increase our sales and marketing activities, mainly in order to continue to build out our geographic presence to be closer to our partners and better serve them. We also expect that our sales and marketing expenses will increase over time as we continue to hire additional personnel to scale our business.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consist of personnel and personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation of our executive, finance, human resources, information systems and legal departments as well as legal and accounting fees for professional and contract services.
We expect our general and administrative expenses to increase for the foreseeable future as we scale headcount with the growth of our business, and as a result of operating as a public company, including compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, legal, audit, additional insurance expenses, investor relations activities, and other administrative and professional services.
Change in Fair Value of Warrants
The warrant liabilities are classified as marked-to-market liabilities and the corresponding increase or decrease in value is reflected in change in fair value of warrants.
Other income (expense), net
Interest income consists of income earned on our cash equivalents and marketable securities. These amounts will vary based on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balances, and also with market rates. Interest expense consisted primarily of interest on convertible senior notes as well as amortization of premium (discount) on marketable securities. Other income (expense) includes realized gains and losses related to the marketable securities, as well as impact of gains and losses related to foreign exchange transactions.
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Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022
The results of operations presented below should be reviewed in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. The following table sets forth our consolidated results of operations data for the periods presented (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Revenue | $ | 16,197 |  |  | $ | 9,932 |  |  | $ | 6,265 |  |  | 63 | % |  | $ | 30,706 |  |  | $ | 16,787 |  |  | $ | 13,919 |  |  | 83 | %
Cost of sales | 34,532 |  |  | 28,092 |  |  | 6,440 |  |  | 23 | % |  | 63,665 |  |  | 44,746 |  |  | 18,919 |  |  | 42 | %
Gross loss | (18,335) |  |  | (18,160) |  |  | (175) |  |  | 1 | % |  | (32,959) |  |  | (27,959) |  |  | (5,000) |  |  | 18 | %
Operating Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development | 67,483 |  |  | 40,941 |  |  | 26,542 |  |  | 65 | % |  | 136,535 |  |  | 74,050 |  |  | 62,485 |  |  | 84 | %
Sales and marketing | 15,654 |  |  | 7,189 |  |  | 8,465 |  |  | 118 | % |  | 29,383 |  |  | 16,587 |  |  | 12,796 |  |  | 77 | %
General and administrative | 42,420 |  |  | 38,150 |  |  | 4,270 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 86,910 |  |  | 68,175 |  |  | 18,735 |  |  | 27 | %
Total operating expenses | 125,557 |  |  | 86,280 |  |  | 39,277 |  |  | 46 | % |  | 252,828 |  |  | 158,812 |  |  | 94,016 |  |  | 59 | %
Loss from operations | (143,892) |  |  | (104,440) |  |  | (39,452) |  |  | 38 | % |  | (285,787) |  |  | (186,771) |  |  | (99,016) |  |  | 53 | %
Other income (expense), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of warrants | 26 |  |  | 11,733 |  |  | (11,707) |  |  | (100) | % |  | (1,028) |  |  | 7,876 |  |  | (8,904) |  |  | (113) | %
Interest expense | (1,273) |  |  | (3,148) |  |  | 1,875 |  |  | (60) | % |  | (2,938) |  |  | (6,428) |  |  | 3,490 |  |  | (54) | %
Interest income | 1,605 |  |  | 1,346 |  |  | 259 |  |  | 19 | % |  | 3,510 |  |  | 2,417 |  |  | 1,093 |  |  | 45 | %
Other income (expense) | 1,787 |  |  | (743) |  |  | 2,530 |  |  | (341) | % |  | (2,278) |  |  | (275) |  |  | (2,003) |  |  | 728 | %
Total other income (expense), net | 2,145 |  |  | 9,188 |  |  | (7,043) |  |  | (77) | % |  | (2,734) |  |  | 3,590 |  |  | (6,324) |  |  | (176) | %
Loss before provision for (benefit from) income taxes | (141,747) |  |  | (95,252) |  |  | (46,495) |  |  | 49 | % |  | (288,521) |  |  | (183,181) |  |  | (105,340) |  |  | 58 | %
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | 9 |  |  | (13) |  |  | 22 |  |  | nm |  | 9 |  |  | 391 |  |  | (382) |  |  | nm
Net loss | $ | (141,756) |  |  | $ | (95,239) |  |  | $ | (46,517) |  |  | 49 | % |  | $ | (288,530) |  |  | $ | (183,572) |  |  | $ | (104,958) |  |  | 57 | %

Revenue
The following table sets forth a breakdown of revenue by segments for the periods presented (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Revenue from sales to external customers: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Autonomy Solutions | $ | 9,738 |  |  | $ | 4,179 |  |  | $ | 5,559 |  |  | 133 | % |  | $ | 20,411 |  |  | $ | 10,077 |  |  | $ | 10,334 |  |  | 103 | %
ATS | 6,459 |  |  | 5,753 |  |  | 706 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 10,295 |  |  | 6,710 |  |  | 3,585 |  |  | 53 | %
Total | $ | 16,197 |  |  | $ | 9,932 |  |  | $ | 6,265 |  |  | 63 | % |  | $ | 30,706 |  |  | $ | 16,787 |  |  | $ | 13,919 |  |  | 83 | %

The increase in revenue of our Autonomy Solutions segment in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022 was primarily due to revenue from an increase in sales of our lidar sensors and licensing of certain of our intellectual property.
The increase in revenue of our ATS segment in the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 primarily resulted from an increase in sales of our photodetector chips. The increase in revenue of our ATS segment in the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 resulted from an increase in sales of our photodetector chips and the acquisition of Freedom Photonics LLC (“Freedom Photonics”) in April 2022.
Cost of Sales
The $6.4 million and $18.9 million increase in the cost of sales in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to the same periods in 2022, was primarily due to costs associated with increase in sales of sensors, accrual for loss in certain NRE arrangements, industrialization of Iris as we approach closer to series production readiness and impairment of inventory due to changes in design of our sensors as we get closer to series production.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development
The $26.5 million and $62.5 million increase in research and development expenses in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022 was primarily due to:
•a $16.1 million and $32.6 million increase in personnel-related costs driven mainly by increased headcount and an increase in stock-based compensation expense; and
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•a $7.7 million and $25.2 million increase in purchased supplies, contractor fees and external spend in relation to continued development and testing of our sensor and software products, development activities related to advanced manufacturing as well as data labeling services.
Sales and Marketing
The $8.5 million and $12.8 million increase in sales and marketing expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022 were primarily due to increases in personnel related costs including stock-based compensation costs due to increased headcount.
General and Administrative
The $4.3 million and $18.7 million increase in general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022 was primarily due to a $8.7 million and $25.7 million increase in personnel costs, including stock-based compensation costs, partially offset by
•a $2.8 million and $4.1 million decrease in legal, outside consultants, contractors and other costs; and
•a $1.4 million and $2.2 million decrease in travel costs and health insurance.
Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liabilities
The change in fair value of warrant liabilities is a non-cash benefit or charge due to the corresponding decrease or increase in the estimated fair value of warrants issued in a private placement in connection with the initial public offering of Gores Metropoulos, Inc. (“Private Warrants”).
The non-cash charge related to the Private Warrants for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was not material. The non-cash gain related to the Private Warrants was $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Segment Operating Income or Loss
Segment income or loss is defined as income or loss before taxes. Our segment income or loss breakdown is as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Segment operating income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Autonomy Solutions | $ | (120,162) |  |  | $ | (105,592) |  |  | $ | (14,570) |  |  | 14 | % |  | $ | (261,851) |  |  | $ | (187,769) |  |  | $ | (74,082) |  |  | 39 | %
ATS | (22,234) |  |  | 728 |  |  | (22,962) |  |  | 3154 | % |  | (22,830) |  |  | 998 |  |  | (23,828) |  |  | 2388 | %

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources of Liquidity and Capital Requirements
Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
•production capacity and volume;
•the timing and extent of spending to support R&D efforts;
•investments in manufacturing equipment and facilities;
•the expansion of sales and marketing activities, market adoption of new and enhanced products and features; and
•investments in information technology systems.
Until we can generate sufficient revenue from sale of products and services to cover our operating expenses, working capital, and capital expenditures, we expect our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and proceeds from debt and/or equity financings to fund our cash needs. If we are required to raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, dilution to stockholders would result. Any equity securities issued may also provide for rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of holders of our common stock. If we raise funds by issuing debt securities, these debt securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of holders of our common stock. The terms of debt securities or borrowings could impose significant restrictions on our operations. The credit market and financial services industry have in the past, and may in the future, experience periods of uncertainty that could impact the availability and cost of equity and debt financing.
We expect to continue to invest in our product and software development as well as incur efforts to build customer relations and markets. Further, we expect to invest in developing advanced manufacturing capabilities, both, internally as well as with our contract manufacturing partners. We expect to fund these product and business development initiatives and capital
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expenditures either through our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities or through issuance of shares of our Class A common stock to vendors and third parties for services provided (“Stock-in-lieu of Cash Program”).
On February 28, 2023, we entered into an agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Virtu Americas LLC (the “Agent”) under which we may offer and sell, from time to time in its sole discretion, shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock with aggregate gross sales proceeds of up to $75,000,000 through an equity offering program under which Virtu Americas LLC will act as sales agent (the “Equity Financing Program”). We intend to use the net proceeds from offerings under the Equity Financing Program primarily for expenditures or payments in connection with strategic merger and acquisition opportunities, as well as potential strategic investments, partnerships and similar transactions.
Under the Sales Agreement, we set the parameters for the sale of the shares, including the number of shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, limitations on the number of shares that may be sold in any one trading day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the Agent has agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, to sell the shares by methods deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act, including sales made through The Nasdaq Global Select Market.
We issued 1,005,603 and 3,765,292 shares of Class A common stock under the Equity Financing Program during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 for net proceeds of $6.9 million and $29.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2023, $45.1 million of Class A Common Stock was available for sale under the program.
On May 8, 2023, we entered into an agreement to issue 1,652,892 shares of Class A common stock to a wholly owned subsidiary of TPK, for a cash purchase price of $10.0 million. The 1,652,892 shares of Class A common stock were issued pursuant to a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act on May 15, 2023.
Additionally, we granted an option to purchase 1,652,892 additional shares of Class A common stock worth $10.0 million within 90 days following the date of the agreement. As of June 30, 2023, TPK had not exercised the option to purchase such additional shares.
As of June 30, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents totaling $89.1 million and marketable securities of $276.7 million, totaling $365.8 million of total liquidity. To date, our principal sources of liquidity have been proceeds received from issuances of debt and equity. Market and economic conditions, such as the increase in interest rates by federal agencies, may materially impact relative cost and mix of these sources of liquidity.
To date, we have not generated positive cash flows from operating activities and have incurred significant losses from operations in the past as reflected in our accumulated deficit of $1.6 billion as of June 30, 2023. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for at least the foreseeable future due to continued R&D investments that we intend to make in our business and, as a result, we may require additional capital resources to grow our business. We believe that current cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities will be sufficient to continue to execute our business strategy in the next 12 months.
Cash Flow Summary
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:

| Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  |
Operating activities | $ | (137,983) |  |  | $ | (85,198) |
Investing activities | 116,366 |  |  | (86,996) |
Financing activities | 42,008 |  |  | (80,811) |

Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $138.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Net cash used in operating activities was due to our net loss of $288.5 million adjusted for non-cash items of $166.5 million, primarily consisting of $115.1 million of stock-based compensation, $21.1 million of vendor payments in stock in lieu of cash, $13.4 million of inventory write-offs and write-downs, $7.5 million of depreciation and amortization, $1.9 million of loss on marketable securities and $1.0 million of change in fair value of warrant liabilities, and cash provided by operating assets and liabilities of $16.0 million due to the timing of cash payments to vendors and cash receipts from customers.
Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities of $116.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2023 was comprised of cash proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities of $39.2 million and $277.8 million, respectively, offset by $171.1
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million related to purchases of marketable securities, $16.8 million in cash spent for capital expenditures, and $12.6 million cash paid for acquisition of certain assets of Seagate.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities of $42.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2023 was comprised of $29.6 million cash received from sale and issuance of shares of Class A common stock under the Equity Financing Program, $10.0 million cash received from issuance of shares of Class A common stock to a wholly owned subsidiary of TPK, $1.6 million cash received from exercises of stock options, $1.4 million of proceeds from sale of Class A common stock under our employee stock purchase plan offset by $0.6 million cash paid for employee taxes related to stock-based awards.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe our critical accounting policies involve the greatest degree of judgment and complexity and have the greatest potential impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, there were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates. For a more detailed discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, please refer to our 2022 Annual Report and Note 2 of the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 of the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
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ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
We are exposed to market risk in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily a result of fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. For a discussion of market risk, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk” in Item 7A of our 2022 Annual Report. Our exposure to market risk has not changed materially since December 31, 2022.
We had cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities totaling $365.8 million as of June 30, 2023. Cash equivalents and marketable securities were invested primarily in U.S. treasury securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, U.S. agency and government sponsored securities, equity investments and asset-backed securities. Our investment policy is focused on the preservation of capital and supporting our liquidity needs. Under the policy, we invest in highly rated securities, while limiting the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer other than the U.S. government. We do not invest in financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes, nor do we use leveraged financial instruments. We utilize external investment managers who adhere to the guidelines of our investment policy. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in interest rates would not have a material impact on the value of our cash and cash equivalents or marketable investments.
As of June 30, 2023, the principal amount outstanding of our Convertible Senior Notes was $625.0 million. The fair value of the Convertible Senior Notes is subject to interest rate risk, market risk and other factors due to their conversion features. The fair value of the Convertible Senior Notes will generally increase as our common stock price increases and will generally decrease as our common stock price declines. The interest and market value changes affect the fair value of the Convertible Senior Notes but do not impact our financial position, cash flows or results of operations due to the fixed nature of the debt obligations. We carry the Convertible Senior Notes at face value less unamortized discount on our consolidated balance sheets.
Our Convertible Senior Notes bear a fixed interest rate, and therefore, are not subject to interest rate risk. We have not utilized derivative financial instruments, derivative commodity instruments or other market risk sensitive instruments, positions or transactions in any material fashion, except for the privately negotiated capped call transactions entered into in December 2021 related to the issuance of our Convertible Senior Notes.
Our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Currently, all of our revenue is generated in U.S. dollars. Our expenses are generally denominated in the currencies of the jurisdictions in which we conduct our operations, which are primarily in the U.S. and in Europe. Luminar’s results of operations and cash flows in the future may be adversely affected due to an expansion of non-U.S. dollar denominated contracts, growth of its international entities, and changes in foreign exchange rates. The effect of a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to our business would not have a material impact on our historical or current consolidated financial statements. To date, we have not engaged in any hedging strategies. As our international operations grow, we will continue to reassess our approach to manage the risk relating to fluctuations in currency rates.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of June 30, 2023.
Based on management’s evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were designed, and were effective, to provide assurance at a reasonable level that the information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the three months ended June 30, 2023, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings.
Information with respect to this Item may be found under the heading “Legal Matters” in Note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors.
There have been no material changes from the “Risk Factors” previously disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A, of our 2022 Annual Report. You should carefully consider the “Risk Factors” discussed in our 2022 Annual Report as they could materially affect our business, financial condition and future results of operation.
ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
On April 6, 2023, we issued 553,807 shares of Class A common stock in lieu of cash to a certain service provider for services rendered to us pursuant to a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.
ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. Other Information.
During the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) informed us of the adoption or termination of a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (both as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K).
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ITEM 6. Exhibits.

|  |  | Incorporation by Reference |  |
Exhibit Number | Description |  | Form |  | File Number |  | Exhibit/Appendix Reference |  | Filing Date |  | Filed Herewith
3.1 | Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company. |  | 8-K/A |  | 001-38791 |  | 3.1 |  | 12/8/20 |  |
3.2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (as amended on March 17. 2023). |  | 8-K |  | 001-38791 |  | 3.1 |  | 03/21/23 |  |
10.1 | Luminar Technologies, Inc. Executive Incentive Bonus Plan. |  | 8-K |  | 001-38791 |  | 10.1 |  | 06/9/23 |  |
31.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
31.2 | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
32.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Furnished herewith
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL). |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X

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SIGNATURES.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| Luminar Technologies, Inc.
Date: August 8, 2023 | By: | /s/ Austin Russell
|  | Austin Russell
|  | President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairperson of the Board
|  | (Principal Executive Officer)
|  | /s/ Thomas J. Fennimore
|  | Thomas J. Fennimore
|  | Chief Financial Officer
|  | (Principal Financial Officer)

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