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Note 13 - Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2015
Notes to Financial Statements  
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]
13.     Income Taxes
 
Provisions for income taxes were $4,788,916 and $11,434,581 for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, based on effective tax rates of 36% and 37%.
Provisions for income taxes were $4,125,355 and $18,872,435 for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2014, respectively, based on effective tax rates of 40% and 38%.
The increase in income taxes over the three-month period ended September 30, 2015 resulted from higher net income as compared to the same period last year. The decrease in income taxes over the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 was primarily due to decreased net income as a result of the approximately $24.7 million in milestone and contract revenue recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 associated with the Company’s U.S. license agreement for MONOVISC. See the previous discussion under Note 12. The decrease in the effective tax rate
for each of the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the same periods in 2014,
was primarily due to an increase in the expected tax benefit of the domestic production deduction.
 
The Company files income tax returns in the United States on a federal basis, in certain U.S. states, and in Italy. The associated tax filings remain subject to examination by applicable tax authorities for a certain length of time following the tax year to which those filings relate. The Company’s filings from 2012 through the present tax year remain subject to examination by the IRS and other taxing authorities for U.S. federal and state tax purposes. The Company’s filings from 2011 through the present tax year remain subject to examination by the appropriate governmental authorities in Italy.
 
In connection with the preparation of the financial statements, the Company performed an analysis to ascertain if it was more likely than not that it would be able to utilize, in future periods, the net deferred tax assets associated with its net operating loss carryforward. The Company concluded that the positive evidence outweighs the negative evidence and, thus, those deferred tax assets are realizable on a “more likely than not” basis. As such, the Company did not record a valuation allowance at September 30, 2015 or December 31, 2014.