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Summary of significant accounting policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of significant accounting policies |
2 | Summary of significant accounting policies
(a) | Basis of presentation and principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of Currenc Group Inc. and its majority-owned subsidiaries. Non-controlling interest is recorded in the consolidated financial statements to recognize the minority ownership interest in the consolidated subsidiaries. Non-controlling interest in the profits and losses represent the share of net income or loss allocated to the minority interest holders of the consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in these consolidated financial statements.
(b) | Going concern
The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the going concern basis of accounting, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $150 million and incurred a net loss of $18.5 million for the year then ended. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. While the Company believes that it will be able to grow the Company’s revenue base and control expenditures, there is no assurance that it will be able to achieve these goals. As a result, the Company continually monitors its capital structure and operating plans and evaluates various potential funding alternatives that may be needed to finance the Company’s business development activities, general and administrative expenses and growth strategy. In addition, on October 8, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with a third party. Under the agreement, the company will have the capacity to issue aggregate principal amount of convertible promissory notes up to $33 million. As of December 31, 2025, only $4.4 million principal amount of convertible promissory notes has been issued, and $28.6 million principal amount of convertible promissory notes could be issued for extra capital.
(c) | Use of estimates
The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Certain accounting estimates of the Company require a higher degree of judgment than others in their application. These include valuation of goodwill, provision for credit losses, impairment of long-lived assets, valuation of convertible bonds, income tax, valuation of ESOS and estimates related to lease accounting involving discount rates used in lease calculations (if estimate using incremental borrowing rate) and Lease term assumptions considering exercise of renewal or termination options. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates, and such differences may be material.
(d) | Foreign currency
Foreign subsidiaries have designated the local currency of their respective countries as their functional currency. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are re-measured into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are re-measured at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Exchange gains and losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Non-monetary items are not subsequently re-measured. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Company uses the average exchange rate for the year and the exchange rate at the balance sheet date to translate the operating results and financial position, respectively, from the functional currency into the US$. Translation differences are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of shareholders’ equity/(deficit).
(e) | Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use and with original maturities of three months or less when purchased.
(f) | Restricted cash
Restricted cash includes the balance in the Company’s e-wallet mobile application held by the Company on behalf of the individual e-wallet users. It is the Company’s policy to maintain approximately 110% of the amount deposited in case of immediate cash withdrawal by e-wallet users. It also includes fixed deposits pledged to the banks as security for banking facilities granted to the Company.
(g) | Accounts receivable
Accounts receivable represents the amounts that the Company has an unconditional right to receive. The Company complies with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326, which employs an approach based on expected losses to estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts. To measure the expected credit losses, accounts receivable has been grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics and the days past due. For certain large customers or customers with a high risk of default, the Company assesses the risk of loss of each customer individually based on their financial information, past trends of payments and, where applicable, an external credit rating. Also, the Company considers any accounts receivable having financial difficulty or in default with significant balances outstanding for more than 60 days to be credit-impaired, and assesses the risk of loss for each of these accounts individually. The expected loss rates are based on the payment profiles of sales over a period of 12 months from the measurement date and the corresponding historical credit losses experienced within this period. The historical loss rates are adjusted to reflect current and forward-looking information on macroeconomic factors affecting the ability of the customers to settle their debts. The Company has recorded a credit loss of US$386,322 and US$484,303 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(h) | Equipment, net
Equipment, net is stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Historical cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisitions of the fixed assets. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss during the year in which they are incurred. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Depreciation of equipment is calculated using the straight-line method with no residual values over their estimated useful lives, as follows: Schedule of Depreciation of Equipment Estimated Useful lives
Office equipment |  |  | 10 | %
Furniture and fittings |  |  | 10 | %
Renovation |  |  | 10 | %
Signboard |  |  | 10 | %
Computer peripherals |  |  | 33 | %
Electrical installation |  |  | 10 | %
Mobile phone |  |  | 33 | %
Motor vehicle |  |  | 20 | %
Air conditioners |  |  | 10 | %
Store equipment |  |  | 20 | %
The assets’ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Gains and losses on disposals of equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
(i) | Intangible assets, net
Intangible assets primarily consist of acquired computer software, developed technologies and trade names and trademarks. These intangible assets are amortized over a period of 5 years, 7 years and 10 years on a straight-line basis, respectively.
(j) | Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. The Company performs goodwill impairment test on annual basis and more frequently upon the occurrence of certain events as defined by ASC 350. Goodwill is impaired when the carrying value of the reporting units exceeds its fair value. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Based on the qualitative assessment, if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is performed. The Company estimates the fair value of the reporting unit using a discounted cash flow approach. Significant management judgment and estimation are involved in forecasting the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and the underlying assumptions used in the discounted cash flow approach to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company performed the annual assessment, determined that the goodwill associated with the Indonesian airtime was impaired, and recorded impairment charges of $2.3 million.
(k) | Impairment of long-lived assets other than goodwill
Long-lived assets such as equipment and software with finite lives are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be fully recoverable or that the useful life is shorter than the Company had originally estimated. When these events occur, the Company evaluates the impairment of the long-lived assets by comparing the carrying value of the assets to an estimate of future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying value of the assets over the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the cash flows expected to be generated by the assets, when the market prices are not readily available. During the year 2024, the Company have performed an impairment assessment, determined that the Intangible assets of TNGA and GEA business were impaired, and recorded impairment charges of $5.4 million. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(l) | Convertible bond
The Company accounts for convertible debt instruments in accordance with FASB ASU 2020-06, which eliminates the previous requirements to separately recognize an equity component for certain convertible instruments. All convertible debt instruments are accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost, unless they meet the criteria for derivative accounting under ASC 815. Under this guidance, there is no longer a separation of liability and equity components, and therefore no allocation of proceeds to an equity component or recognition of a debt discount related to conversion features. Interest expense is recognized based on the contractual coupon rate, eliminating the additional non-cash interest expense that previously resulted from amortizing a debt discount. If a conversion of the bonds occurs at more favorable terms than the original agreement, the Company assesses whether an inducement is present. Any incremental fair value transferred in excess of the fair value of the original securities or consideration issuable is recognized as a debt conversion expense.
(m) | Fair value of financial instruments
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, provides guidance on the development and disclosure of fair value measurements. Under this accounting guidance, fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The accounting guidance classifies fair value measurements in one of the following three categories for disclosure purposes:
Level 1 — | Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets.
Level 2 — | Inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3 — | Unobservable inputs of which there is little or no market data, which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.
ASC 825-10 “Financial Instruments” allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company elected to apply the fair value option to its PIPE Convertible Notes described in Note 14, Convertible bonds and notes. These financial liabilities were initially measured at its issue-date fair value and is subsequently remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis at each reporting period date. The Company elected to present the fair value and the accrued interest component separately in the statements of operations. Changes in fair value of debt presented in the “Other income” or “Other expenses” line item under other income in the statements of operations. The Company estimates the fair value of its Convertible Notes using the Income Approach (Binomial Option Pricing Model). The fair value measurement incorporates both observable and unobservable inputs, classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. The Convertible Notes were initially recognized on October 8, 2025, upon issuance. As of October 8, 2025, and December 31, 2025, the key assumptions used in the valuation were as follows: Schedule of assumptions used in determining the fair value
Key Assumptions |  | October 8, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2025 |
Stock Price (USD) |  |  | 1.73 |  |  |  | 1.79 |
Risk-Free Rate (%) |  |  | 3.517 |  |  |  | 3.413 |
Volatility Rate (%) |  |  | 118.87 |  |  |  | 122.11 |
Bond Yield (%) |  |  | 15.87 |  |  |  | 20.40 |
CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The fair value derived from the Binomial Option Pricing Model reflected changes in market conditions, including fluctuations in stock price, volatility, and credit risk. While the valuation as of December 31, 2025, incorporated updated assumptions, the resulting change in fair value was determined to be negligible. Given the immaterial impact of the valuation changes on the financial statements, management has determined that no adjustment is necessary to the fair value of the Convertible Notes from the initial recognition date (October 8, 2025) through year-end (December 31, 2025).
(n) | Revenue recognition
The Company complies with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue from contracts with customers is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer net of sales and service tax, returns, rebates and discounts. The Company recognizes revenue when (or as) it transfers control over a product or service to its customer. An asset is transferred when (or as) the customer obtains control of the asset. Depending on the substance of the contract, revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which may be at a point in time or over time. Contract assets represent the Company’s right to consideration for performance obligations that have been fulfilled but for which the customer has not been billed as of the balance sheet date. Remittance services revenue Revenue from contracts with customers on service charges and gain/loss on foreign exchange arising from remittance activities are recognized upon the processing and execution of the international money transfer transactions. Remittance services are further divided into Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Service and XRP Prefunded Remittance Service. Management has considered these two services to be two line of products. The customers of the remittance services are financial institutions (referred to as “Remittance Partners”). Remittance Partners who use the fiat currency prefunding option for their remittance business with the Company are referred to as Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Partners, whereas customers who choose the XRP Prefunding mode are referred to as XRP Prefunded Remittance Partners. Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Service The Company earns revenue by charging their customers a Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Fee when they use the Company’s platform to transfer money to a beneficiary in another country. These Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Fees are fixed and specific for every country’s currency and are charged at the point-in-time of executing this performance obligation. Prior to delivering cash to the customer’s beneficiary, the customer must directly provide the Company with prefunding (i.e., the cash to be remitted to the beneficiary). This is the traditional prefunding process, which the Company describes as Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Service. XRP Prefunded Remittance Service Unlike the Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Service, the customer obtains prefunding through Ripple Solution offered by Ripple Lab Inc. (see Note 18) with the XRP Prefunded Remittance Service. Ripple supplies the customer with the XRP equivalent of the requested prefunding. The Company subsequently liquidates this XRP on Ripple’s behalf, and the fiat currency obtained as a result of the liquidation process is transferred to the customer’s beneficiary. Customers who prefund their remittance service with XRP must enter into an agreement with Ripple and undergo stringent credit checks in order to get XRP prefunding and use Ripple’s platform. The Company charges their customers an XRP Prefunded Remittance Service Fee when the money is transferred to the customer’s beneficiary. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For both the XRP Prefunded and Fiat Currency Prefunded Remittance Services, the Company has no obligations to the Customer in terms of guarantees, warranties or other similar obligations. There are also no significant payment terms involved as the Company obtains their fees shortly after charging their customers. Sales Walletku Modern Channel Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized at the point in time when the Company satisfies its performance obligation, which is upon delivery of the goods to customer. The credit terms are typically 3-7 days. Sales of airtime Revenue from airtime sold is recognized when the relevant international airtime transfer or reload request is processed and executed. Other services Revenue from contracts with customers on other services is recognized as and when services are rendered.
(o) | Cost of revenue
Costs of revenues consist primarily of agency handling fees, top-up service fees paid to convenience stores, handling charges to banks and credit card providers, amortization of the intangible assets of acquired computer software, developed technologies, cost of digital - pulses, data packages, game vouchers, bill payment, SIM Cards (starter pack) and airtime balance.
(p) | Advertising and Promotion Costs
Advertising and promotion costs are expensed when incurred and are included in general and administrative expenses. The total amount of advertising and promotion costs recognized were US$40,637 and US$956,471 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(q) | Leases
According to ASC 842, Leases, lessees are required to record a right-of-use asset and lease liabilities for operating leases. At the lease commencement date, a lessee should measure and record the lease liability equal to the present value of scheduled lease payments discounted using the rate implicit in the lease or the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate, and the right-of-use asset is calculated on the basis of the initial measurement of the lease liability, plus any lease payments at or before the commencement date and direct costs, minus any incentives received. Over the lease term, a lessee must amortize the right-of-use asset and record interest expense on the lease liability. The recognition and classification of lease expenses depend on the classification of the lease as either operating or finance. The Company has elected the practical expedient of the short-term lease exemption for contracts with lease terms of 12 months or less.
(r) | Employee benefit expenses
The Company’s costs related to the staff retirement plans (see Note 15) are charged to the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as incurred. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(s) | Income tax
Income taxes are recorded in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, which provides for deferred taxes using an asset and liability approach. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or its tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized in the foreseeable future. When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit would more likely than not be realized assuming examination by the taxing authority. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. The accounting guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes also addresses derecognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, and accounting in interim periods. Interest and penalties from tax assessments, if any, are included in income taxes in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company believes it does not have any uncertain tax positions through the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which would have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
(t) | Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of ordinary shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. If there is a loss, potentially dilutive securities are not considered, as they would be anti-dilutive. The following tables provide the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share for the year ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024: Schedule of basic and diluted net loss per ordinary shares
|  | Year ended December 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  | $ | (18,431,134 | ) |  | $ | (39,475,321 | )
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding |  |  | 61,473,847 |  |  |  | 38,163,168 |
Basic and diluted net (loss) per share |  | $ | (0.30 | ) |  | $ | (1.03 | )
The following table conveys the number of shares that may potentially be dilutive ordinary shares in the future. The holders of these shares do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses. The Company excluded the following potential ordinary shares, presented based on amounts outstanding at each period end, from the computation of diluted loss per share: Schedule of computation of diluted loss per share
|  | December 31, 2025 |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
Warrants |  |  | 17,277,831 |  |  |  | 17,796,765 |
Convertible bonds (treasury stock method) |  |  | 2,378,378 |  |  |  | 244,515 |
Anti dilutive securities |  |  | 2,378,378 |  |  |  | 244,515 |
CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(u) | Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent reporting period end date while the warrants are outstanding. All of the Company’s warrants have met the criteria for equity treatment (see Note 20, Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit), for additional information).
(v) | Segments
As the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) of the Company, the Chief Executive Officer reviews the financial results when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing the performance of the Company. The Tranglo Sdn BHD and related subsidiaries (“Tranglo”) and PT Walletku Indompet Indonesia (“Walletku”) are all considered operating segments. These have been aggregated into two reportable segments, which are remittance services and sales of airtime, as described in Note 18. Other services are not assigned to a specific reportable segment as their results of operations are immaterial. The remittance segment is operated through Tranglo. Tranglo operates the remittance hub covering Southeast Asia and globally, which in the downstream segment of the remittance business. Management operates, monitors and evaluates the whole remittance business so as to create maximum value for the Company. The Company operates the airtime segment via its international airtime transfer business through Tranglo and its retail airtime trading business locally in Indonesian through WalletKu. As with the remittance segment, management believes maximum synergy and business value can best be achieved by aggregating and managing the airtime business through these two subsidiaries.
(w) | Share capital
The Company has only one class of common shares authorized, issued and outstanding.
(x) | Related parties
Entities are considered to be related to the Company if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests.
(y) | Concentrations of credit risk
The Company is potentially subject to significant concentration of credit risk arising primarily from cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, restricted cash, escrow money receivable, deposits, other receivables and amounts due from related parties. As of December 31, 2025, a majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held at reputable financial institutions with high-credit ratings. In the event of bankruptcy of one of these financial institutions, the Company may not be able to claim its cash and demand deposits back in full, as these deposits are not insured. The Company continues to monitor the financial strength of the financial institutions. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Company’s major concentration of credit risk relates to the amounts owing by four customers (2024: four customers) which constituted approximately 56.4% (2024: 64.9%) of its accounts receivable as of December 31, 2025. The Company has not experienced any losses on its cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, deposits, other receivables and amounts due from related parties during the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 and believes its credit risk to be minimal. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support instruments subject to credit risk.
(z) | Share-based compensation
The Company accounts for share-based payments in accordance with ASC Topic 718 “Compensation – Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”), under which the fair value of awards issued to employees is expensed over the period in which the awards vest. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan and 2022 Incentive Plan Seamless had an incentive plan approved and adopted on September 13, 2018, namely the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan. Under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, a total of 2,591,543 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and 978,397 options with an exercise price of $12.87 had been awarded to certain directors and employees. All RSUs and options granted under the 2018 Incentive Plan had not been vested. The 2018 Incentive Plan was later terminated on July 29, 2022 and replaced by the new 2022 Incentive Plan. All previous awarded RSUs and options under the 2018 Incentive Plan were voided. Under the 2022 Incentive Plan, a total of 5,803,000 Seamless shares were reserved and granted to employees of Seamless. All shares granted under the 2022 Incentive Plan will be vested upon (i) the completion of an IPO or (ii) the completion of a de-SPAC merger, with such vesting occurring upon the Closing of the Business Combination on August 30, 2024. The Incentive shares will then be vested under a trust, with 3,964,324 ordinary shares (part of the 40,000,000 Exchange Consideration Shares) being placed in trust upon the Closing of the Business Combination. The trustee will distribute the vested shares based on vesting schedules. Shares will be vested upon meeting of the vesting conditions: (i) immediately upon the vesting of Incentive shares at the time of completion of IPO or de-SPAC, (ii) on the first anniversary date thereafter, (iii) on the second anniversary date thereafter. As of December 31, 2025, 2,896,854 vested shares have been distributed to the staff, while 1,067,470 vested shares remain in trust. Fair value of the outstanding unvested shares to employee are $3,143,529.6 The Company estimates the fair value of awards using a Income Approach (Finnerty method). The Company accounts forfeitures as they occur. For the awards granted on July 29, 2022, the following assumptions were used in the model: Schedule of fair value assumptions of awards Expected Volatility (39.84% to 43.74%) Expected Dividend Yield (0%) Expected Time to Liquidity (0.92 years to 2.92 years) Exercise Price ($Nil) Stock price at grant date ($6.55) Weighted Average Fair Value of 1 Share ($5.73) The fair value of the awards granted on July 29, 2022 is $29,376,811, after accounting for the forfeiture of 1,578,460 shares as of December 31, 2025. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the awards granted on August 21, 2024, the following assumptions were used in the model: Schedule of Fair Assumption of Awards Granted Expected Volatility (26.65% to 42.32%) Expected Dividend Yield (0%) Expected Time to Liquidity (0.03 years to 2.03 years) Exercise Price ($Nil) Stock price at grant date ($6.22) Weighted Average Fair Value of 1 Share ($5.75) On August 30, 2024, Seamless has re-granted 466,573 shares out of the forfeited shares mentioned above. The fair value of the awards granted on August 30, 2024 is $2,695,334. 2024 Equity Incentive Plan Currenc had an incentive plan approved and adopted in 2025, namely the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan. Under the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan, there would be 4,636,091 shares available for the Company to issue. As at December 31, 2025, a total of 580,320 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and 4,000,000 options with an exercise price of $1.94 had been granted to certain directors and employees. During the year ended December 31, 2025, 424,659 restricted stock units has been vested. The fair value of the RSU granted and vested in 2025 is $404,989. The restricted stock units has been placed in the trust. The trustee will distribute the vested shares based on vesting schedules. Shares will be vested upon meeting of the vesting conditions: (i) completion of service periods, (ii) the proposed transaction is consummated. The Company estimates the fair value of awards of share options using a Binomial options pricing model . The Company accounts forfeitures as they occur. For the share options granted in 2025, the following assumptions were used in the model: Schedule of Fair Assumption of Awards Granted Expected Volatility (45.74% to 48.35%) Risk Free rate (3.51% to 4.06%) Expected Dividend Yield (0%) Expected Time to Liquidity (3.58 to 9.89 years) Exercise Price ($1.94) Stock price at grant date ($1.76) Weighted Average Fair Value of 1 Share ($0.56) 2025 Equity Incentive Plan Currenc had an incentive plan approved by the Board and adopted, subject to shareholder approval, on November 7, 2025, namely the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan. The 2025 Equity Incentive Plan was approved by shareholders on February 25, 2026. Under the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan, there would be 10,000,000 shares available for the Company to issue. As at December 31, 2025, a total of 5,000,000 options with an exercise price of $1.94 had been granted to certain directors and employees. Share options will be vested upon meeting of the vesting conditions: (i) the proposed transaction is consummated. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Company estimates the fair value of awards of share options using a Binomial options pricing model. The Company accounts forfeitures as they occur. For the share options granted in 2025, the following assumptions were used in the model: Schedule of Fair Assumption of Awards Granted Expected Volatility (46.87%) Risk Free rate (4.06%) Expected Dividend Yield (0%) Expected Time to Liquidity (9.89 years) Exercise Price ($1.94) Stock price at grant date ($1.76) Weighted Average Fair Value of 1 Share ($0.89) Share-based compensation expense of $3,456,420, $912,625 and $nil were recognized for 2022 Incentive Plan, 2024 Incentive Plan and 2025 Incentive Plan under General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2025. Compensation are measured based on the fair value of awards developed from using a Binomial options pricing model.
(aa) | Other income and expenses
The Company accounts for gain or loss from exchange differences in other income and expenses.
(bb) | Business combination
The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations”. Acquisition method accounting requires that the consideration transferred be allocated to the assets, including separately identifiable assets, and liabilities the Company acquired, based on their estimated fair values. The consideration transferred in an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the fair values at the date of exchange of the assets given, liabilities incurred, and equity instruments issued as well as the contingent considerations and all contractual contingencies as of the acquisition date. The costs directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired or assumed are measured separately at their fair value as of the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any noncontrolling interests. The excess of (i) the total cost of acquisition, fair value of the noncontrolling interests and acquisition date fair value of any previously held equity interest in the acquiree over (ii) the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree, is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized directly in the Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
(cc) | Prefunding to remittances partner
Prefunding to remittance partner represents deposits made with such a partner for remittance services to be rendered by the partner in the future. The prepayments are utilized when a remittance order is executed by the partner and the resulting amount of the order is deducted from the balance with the partner. We allow our remittance partners to prefund their balance through cryptocurrencies. These cryptocurrencies are mainly XRP. Ripple provides the XRP upon request to the Company and our remittance partners. Under applicable accounting standards, we are an agent when facilitating cryptocurrency transactions on behalf of our customers. These cryptocurrencies are held under a bailment arrangement in an account in the Company’s name on behalf of our business partner but they are not Seamless’s assets and therefore, are not reflected as cryptocurrency assets on our consolidated balance sheets . Although the Company does not control the XRP in the bailment account, we are responsible for safeguarding the XRP in the bailment account. Independent Reserve SG Pte Ltd (“Independent Reserve”), Philippine Digital Asset Exchange (“Pdax”), Betur, Inc. (“Coins.ph”) and Bitstamp Global Limited (“Bitstamp”) (collectively, the “Cryptocurrency Exchanges”) are centralized crypto exchanges which keep the cryptographic keys for each respective XRP wallet and provide the Company with its respective API access keys. The Company is the only party that holds the API access keys that grant it direct access to its XRP wallet maintained on the respective Cryptocurrency Exchange. The Cryptocurrency Exchanges maintain records of all assets deposited by its users and send statements to the Company. The Company reconciles its internal ODL transaction records to the statements received from the Cryptocurrency Exchanges to ensure that these are accurate. The Company has an obligation to protect the API access keys from being abused or stolen. The Company is responsible for any damages caused by loss or theft. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dd) | Recent accounting pronouncements
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations upon adoption. Staff Accounting Bulletin 121 (Bulletin) On January 23, 2025, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 122, which rescinds SAB No. 121. Under SAB 121, entities that safeguard crypto-assets for platform users were required to recognize a corresponding liability and asset for those obligations. SAB 122 eliminates this requirement and must be applied retrospectively for all periods presented. In accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 99, “Materiality,” and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements,” the Company evaluated the changes and has determined that the related impacts were material to previously presented financial statements. The following tables summarize the effect of the restatement on each financial statement line item as of the date, and for the periods indicated. Schedule of restatement of each financial statement
|  | Previously Reported |  |  | Adjustments |  |  | As Restated |
|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Previously Reported |  |  | Adjustments |  |  | As Restated |
|  | US$ |  |  | US$ |  |  | US$ |
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepayments, receivables and other assets |  |  | 24,738,392 |  |  |  | (3,790,176 | ) |  |  | 20,948,216 |
Accounts payable, accruals and other payables |  |  | 59,119,916 |  |  |  | (3,790,176 | ) |  |  | 55,329,740 |
Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (ASC 220) In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” This ASU requires additional disaggregation of certain expenses within the footnotes to the financial statements. This ASU is effective for the firm for annual periods beginning in January 2027, and interim periods beginning in January 2028 under a prospective approach. Early adoption and retrospective application is permitted. Since this ASU only requires additional disclosures, adoption of this ASU will not have an impact on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (ASC 326) In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-05, “Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets.” This ASU simplifies the estimation of credit losses on accounts receivable and contract assets arising from transactions accounted for under ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” by providing companies an option to assume that the conditions as of the balance sheet date will remain unchanged for the remaining life of these assets while estimating expected credit losses. This ASU is effective for the firm beginning in January 2026 under a prospective approach. Adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. CURRENC GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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