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Stock based Compensation Stock based Compensation
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility and expected option life. The Company amortizes the fair value of the awards expected to vest on a straight-line basis. All option grants are amortized over the requisite service period of the awards. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility. The expected life of options granted is based on historical expected life. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant. The forfeiture rate is based on historical data, and the Company records stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. The dividend yield is based on the fact that no dividends have been paid historically and none are currently expected to be paid.
The weighted average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model for employees and directors are presented below:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Risk-free interest rate
0.40%
 
0.36%
Expected volatility
113%
 
132%
Expected life in years
4
 
4
Dividend yield
—
 
—
Forfeiture rate
8%
 
10%


Total employee compensation cost for the Company's stock plan recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 was $450,000 and $505,000, respectively, of which $235,000 and $234,000 was included in research and development expenses and $215,000 and $271,000 was included in general and administrative expenses, respectively.
At March 31, 2013, there was $1.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years.
The weighted average grant date fair value per share was $0.40 and $0.48 for employee stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
The fair value of options granted to non-employees at the measurement dates were estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model. Total stock-based compensation for options granted to non-employees for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 was $69,000 and $98,000, respectively.