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Marketable Securities and Fair Value Measurements (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis | The following table presents the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and are determined using the following inputs as of December 31, 2017:
| Fair Value Measurements at
| December 31, 2017
| Total |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 9,843,482 |  |  | $ | 9,843,482 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Mutual funds | 68,565,889 |  |  | — |  |  | 68,565,889 |  |  | — |
US corporate debt securities | 35,072,955 |  |  | — |  |  | 35,072,955 |  |  | — |
Investments in affiliated entities | 11,394,480 |  |  | 11,394,480 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total assets | $ | 124,876,806 |  |  | $ | 21,237,962 |  |  | $ | 103,638,844 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock warrants | $ | 360,795 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 360,795 |
Total liabilities | $ | 360,795 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 360,795 |
The following table presents the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and are determined using the following inputs as of December 31, 2016:
| Fair Value Measurements at
| December 31, 2016
| Total |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 10,300,813 |  |  | $ | 10,300,813 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Mutual funds | 60,589,746 |  |  | — |  |  | 60,589,746 |  |  | — |
US corporate debt securities | 25,039,666 |  |  | — |  |  | 25,039,666 |  |  | — |
Investments in affiliated entities | 19,829,575 |  |  | 19,829,575 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total assets | $ | 115,759,800 |  |  | $ | 30,130,388 |  |  | $ | 85,629,412 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock warrants | $ | 1,167,614 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,167,614 |
Total liabilities | $ | 1,167,614 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,167,614 |
Assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the common stock warrants | The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of common stock warrants at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are presented below:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Risk-free interest rate | 1.75% |  | 1.1%
Expected volatility | 55% |  | 61%
Expected life in years | 0.70 |  | 1.70
Dividend yield | — |  | —
Changes in fair value of the financial liabilities | The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Company’s total Level 3 financial liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 1,167,614 |  |  | $ | 1,301,138 |
Decrease in fair value included in change in fair value of common stock warrants | (806,819 | ) |  | (133,524 | )
Balance at end of year | $ | 360,795 |  |  | $ | 1,167,614 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments, including financial assets and financial liabilities, and the measurements of those instruments, assets, and liabilities. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=77997519&loc=d3e13476-108611 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 11 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=77997519&loc=d3e13467-108611 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 45 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=75026489&loc=d3e13220-108610 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 30 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=75031198&loc=d3e14172-108612 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=77997519&loc=d3e13433-108611 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of liabilities using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets), and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs) by class of liability. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19279-110258 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of assets and liabilities, including [financial] instruments measured at fair value that are classified in stockholders' equity, if any, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The disclosures contemplated herein include the fair value measurements at the reporting date by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19190-110258 + Details
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