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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) |  | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
--- | --- | --- | ---
Jan. 01, 2017 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2016 USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) segment | Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss from operations |  | $ (21,506,179) | $ (34,134,570) | $ (9,479,116) | $ (23,085,907) | $ (26,233,470) | $ (20,759,338) | $ (18,704,711) | $ (8,042,820) | $ (88,205,772) | $ (73,740,339) | $ (29,187,606)
Working capital |  | 103,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 103,000,000 |  |
Accumulated deficit |  | $ (523,356,317) |  |  |  | $ (434,838,235) |  |  |  | $ (523,356,317) | $ (434,838,235) |
Non-controlling interest |  | 15.00% |  |  |  | 15.00% |  |  |  | 15.00% | 15.00% |
Number of operating segments | segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |
Allowance for doubtful accounts |  | $ 0 |  |  |  | $ 0 |  |  |  | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets, net |  | 6,009,729 |  |  |  | 7,628,394 |  |  |  | 6,009,729 | 7,628,394 |
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance |  | $ 94,039,000 |  |  |  | 113,407,000 |  |  |  | $ 94,039,000 | 113,407,000 |
Cumulative effect of accounting change |  |  |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  |  | 0 |
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation |  |  |  |  | $ 1,100,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Minimum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant, and equipment, useful life |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 years |  |
Intangible asset, useful life |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 years |  |
Maximum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant, and equipment, useful life |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5 years |  |
Intangible asset, useful life |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18 years |  |
Patents | Minimum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Intangible asset, useful life |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8 years |  |
Patents | Maximum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Intangible asset, useful life |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 years |  |
Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance |  |  |  |  |  | 1,100,000 |  |  |  |  | 1,100,000 |
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation | $ 1,100,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cumulative effect of accounting change |  |  |  |  |  | (312,310) |  |  |  |  | (312,310) |
Retained earnings | Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cumulative effect of accounting change |  |  |  |  |  | 312,000 |  |  |  |  | 312,000 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cumulative effect of accounting change |  |  |  |  |  | 312,310 |  |  |  |  | 312,310 |
Additional paid-in capital | Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cumulative effect of accounting change |  |  |  |  |  | $ (312,000) |  |  |  |  | $ (312,000) |
Options to purchase common stock | Employees and Directors |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividend yield |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00%

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