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Marketable Securities and Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The following table presents the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and are determined using the following inputs as of December 31, 2017:
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
 
December 31, 2017
 
Total
 
Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
9,843,482

 
$
9,843,482

 
$

 
$

Mutual funds
68,565,889

 

 
68,565,889

 

US corporate debt securities
35,072,955

 

 
35,072,955

 

Investments in affiliated entities
11,394,480

 
11,394,480

 

 

Total assets
$
124,876,806

 
$
21,237,962

 
$
103,638,844

 
$

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock warrants
$
360,795

 


 
$

 
$
360,795

Total liabilities
$
360,795

 


 
$

 
$
360,795


The following table presents the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and are determined using the following inputs as of December 31, 2016:
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
 
December 31, 2016
 
Total
 
Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
10,300,813

 
$
10,300,813

 
$

 
$

Mutual funds
60,589,746

 

 
60,589,746

 

US corporate debt securities
25,039,666

 

 
25,039,666

 

Investments in affiliated entities
19,829,575

 
19,829,575

 

 

Total assets
$
115,759,800

 
$
30,130,388

 
$
85,629,412

 
$

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock warrants
$
1,167,614

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,167,614

Total liabilities
$
1,167,614

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,167,614

Assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the common stock warrants
The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of common stock warrants at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are presented below:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Risk-free interest rate
1.75%
 
1.1%
Expected volatility
55%
 
61%
Expected life in years
0.70
 
1.70
Dividend yield
 
Changes in fair value of the financial liabilities
The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Company’s total Level 3 financial liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Balance at beginning of year
$
1,167,614

 
$
1,301,138

Decrease in fair value included in change in fair value of common stock warrants
(806,819
)
 
(133,524
)
Balance at end of year
$
360,795

 
$
1,167,614