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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

☒ |  | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended October 2, 2022
or

☐ |  | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-34851
RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 84-1573084
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

10000 E. Geddes Avenue, Suite 500
Englewood, Colorado 80112
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(303) 846-6000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer | ☐ |  | Accelerated Filer | ☒
Non-accelerated Filer | ☐ |  | Smaller Reporting Company | ☐
|  |  | Emerging Growth Company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, $0.001 par value |  | RRGB |  | Nasdaq | (Global Select Market) |

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
As of October 31, 2022, there were 15,928,045 shares of the registrant's common stock, par value of $0.001 per share outstanding.

Table of Contents
RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements (unaudited) | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 5
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 14
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 27
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 27
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 28
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 28
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 28
Item 6. | Exhibits | 29
| Signature | 30

i

Table of Contents
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except for per share amounts) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | December 26, 2021
Assets: |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 50,040 |  |  | $ | 22,750 |
Accounts receivable, net |  | 11,915 |  |  | 21,400 |
Inventories |  | 25,212 |  |  | 25,219 |
Income tax receivable |  | 754 |  |  | 15,824 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 13,044 |  |  | 16,963 |
Restricted cash |  | 8,090 |  |  | — |
Total current assets |  | 109,055 |  |  | 102,156 |
Property and equipment, net |  | 342,386 |  |  | 386,336 |
Operating lease assets, net |  | 375,747 |  |  | 400,825 |
Intangible assets, net |  | 19,320 |  |  | 21,292 |
Other assets, net |  | 14,434 |  |  | 18,389 |
Total assets |  | $ | 860,942 |  |  | $ | 928,998 |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 33,814 |  |  | $ | 32,510 |
Accrued payroll and payroll-related liabilities |  | 34,040 |  |  | 32,584 |
Unearned revenue |  | 37,539 |  |  | 54,214 |
Current portion of operating lease obligations |  | 47,726 |  |  | 48,842 |
Current portion of long-term debt |  | 2,000 |  |  | 9,692 |
Accrued liabilities and other |  | 50,482 |  |  | 45,458 |
Total current liabilities |  | 205,601 |  |  | 223,300 |
Long-term debt |  | 189,320 |  |  | 167,263 |
Long-term portion of operating lease obligations |  | 401,274 |  |  | 435,136 |
Other non-current liabilities |  | 13,120 |  |  | 26,325 |
Total liabilities |  | 809,315 |  |  | 852,024 |
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies) |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |
Common stock; $0.001 par value: 45,000 shares authorized; 20,449 shares issued; 15,900 and 15,722 shares outstanding as of October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 |  | 20 |  |  | 20 |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value: 3,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 |  | — |  |  | — |
Treasury stock 4,549 and 4,727 shares, at cost, as of October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 |  | (184,169) |  |  | (192,803) |
Paid-in capital |  | 242,235 |  |  | 242,560 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | (51) |  |  | 1 |
Retained earnings (deficit) |  | (6,408) |  |  | 27,196 |
Total stockholders' equity |  | 51,627 |  |  | 76,974 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 860,942 |  |  | $ | 928,998 |

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1

Table of Contents
RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited)

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(in thousands, except for per share amounts) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restaurant revenue |  | $ | 282,449 |  |  | $ | 270,202 |  |  | $ | 951,718 |  |  | $ | 861,036 |
Franchise and other revenues |  | 4,439 |  |  | 5,242 |  |  | 24,810 |  |  | 17,658 |
Total revenues |  | 286,888 |  |  | 275,444 |  |  | 976,528 |  |  | 878,694 |
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restaurant operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization shown separately below): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | 70,640 |  |  | 62,671 |  |  | 234,283 |  |  | 193,754 |
Labor |  | 100,522 |  |  | 99,725 |  |  | 340,273 |  |  | 310,333 |
Other operating |  | 52,858 |  |  | 51,462 |  |  | 172,725 |  |  | 156,102 |
Occupancy |  | 22,828 |  |  | 22,519 |  |  | 76,406 |  |  | 74,233 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 17,368 |  |  | 18,881 |  |  | 58,924 |  |  | 63,984 |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses |  | 35,692 |  |  | 30,343 |  |  | 102,168 |  |  | 89,299 |
Pre-opening costs |  | 217 |  |  | 418 |  |  | 514 |  |  | 792 |
Other charges (gains), net |  | (5,217) |  |  | 1,561 |  |  | 8,236 |  |  | 9,228 |
Total costs and expenses |  | 294,908 |  |  | 287,580 |  |  | 993,529 |  |  | 897,725 |
Loss from operations |  | (8,020) |  |  | (12,136) |  |  | (17,001) |  |  | (19,031) |
Other expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net and other |  | 4,590 |  |  | 2,870 |  |  | 16,151 |  |  | 9,986 |
Loss on debt refinancing |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income and other, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total other expenses |  | 4,590 |  |  | 2,870 |  |  | 16,151 |  |  |
Loss before income taxes |  | (12,610) |  |  | (15,006) |  |  | (33,152) |  |  | (29,017) |
Income tax provision (benefit) |  | (43) |  |  | (26) |  |  | 453 |  |  | (328) |
Net loss |  | $ | (12,567) |  |  | $ | (14,980) |  |  | $ | (33,605) |  |  | $ | (28,689) |
Loss per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | (0.79) |  |  | $ | (0.95) |  |  | $ | (2.12) |  |  | $ | (1.83) |
Diluted |  | $ | (0.79) |  |  | $ | (0.95) |  |  | $ | (2.12) |  |  | $ | (1.83) |
Weighted average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 15,892 |  |  | 15,709 |  |  | 15,816 |  |  | 15,647 |
Diluted |  | 15,892 |  |  | 15,709 |  |  | 15,816 |  |  | 15,647 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  | $ | (45) |  |  | $ | (6) |  |  | $ | (51) |  |  | $ | 14 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | (45) |  |  | (6) |  |  | (51) |  |  | 14 |
Total comprehensive loss |  | $ | (12,612) |  |  | $ | (14,986) |  |  | $ | (33,656) |  |  | $ | (28,675) |

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
2

Table of Contents
RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)

|  | Common Stock |  | Treasury Stock |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss), net of tax |  |  |  |
|  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Retained Earnings (Deficit) |  |
(in thousands) |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  | Total
Balance, December 26, 2021 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,727 |  |  | $ | (192,803) |  |  | $ | 242,560 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 27,196 |  |  | $ | 76,974 |
Exercise of options, issuance of restricted stock, shares exchanged for exercise and tax, and stock issued through employee stock purchase plan |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (64) |  |  | 2,781 |  |  | (2,846) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (65) |
Non-cash stock compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,042 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,042 |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,105) |  |  | (3,105) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Balance, April 17, 2022 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,663 |  |  | $ | (190,022) |  |  | $ | 242,756 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 24,091 |  |  | $ | 76,857 |
Exercise of options, issuance of restricted stock, shares exchanged for exercise and tax, and stock issued through employee stock purchase plan |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (113) |  |  | 5,817 |  |  | (5,691) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 126 |
Non-cash stock compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,542 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,542 |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,932) |  |  | (17,932) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18) |  |  | — |  |  | (18) |
Balance, July 10, 2022 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,550 |  |  | $ | (184,205) |  |  | $ | 239,607 |  |  | $ | (6) |  |  | $ | 6,159 |  |  | $ | 61,575 |
Exercise of options, issuance of restricted stock, shares exchanged for exercise and tax, and stock issued through employee stock purchase plan |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | 36 |  |  | (40) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |
Non-cash stock compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,668 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,668 |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,567) |  |  | (12,567) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (45) |  |  | — |  |  | (45) |
Balance, October 2, 2022 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,549 |  |  | $ | (184,169) |  |  | $ | 242,235 |  |  | $ | (51) |  |  | $ | (6,408) |  |  | $ | 51,627 |

3

Table of Contents

|  | Common Stock |  | Treasury Stock |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss), net of tax |  |  |  |
|  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |
(in thousands) |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  | Total
Balance, December 27, 2020 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,901 |  |  | $ | (199,908) |  |  | $ | 243,407 |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | 77,198 |  |  | $ | 120,713 |
Exercise of options, issuance of restricted stock, shares exchanged for exercise and tax, and stock issued through employee stock purchase plan |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (74) |  |  | 3,025 |  |  | (3,640) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (615) |
Non-cash stock compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 880 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 880 |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,713) |  |  | (8,713) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |
Balance, April 18, 2021 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,827 |  |  | $ | (196,883) |  |  | $ | 240,647 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 68,485 |  |  | $ | 112,286 |
Exercise of options, issuance of restricted stock, shares exchanged for exercise and tax, and stock issued through employee stock purchase plan |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (95) |  |  | 3,844 |  |  | (3,547) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 297 |
Non-cash stock compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,577 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,577 |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,996) |  |  | (4,996) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |
Balance, July 11, 2021 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,732 |  |  | $ | (193,039) |  |  | $ | 238,677 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 63,489 |  |  | $ | 109,163 |
Exercise of options, issuance of restricted stock, shares exchanged for exercise and tax, and stock issued through employee stock purchase plan |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |  |  | 220 |  |  | (280) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (60) |
Non-cash stock compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,048 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,048 |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,980) |  |  | (14,980) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6) |  |  | — |  |  | (6) |
Balance, October 3, 2021 |  | 20,449 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | 4,727 |  |  | $ | (192,819) |  |  | $ | 240,445 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 48,509 |  |  | $ | 96,165 |

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

|  | Forty Weeks Ended
(in thousands) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |
Net loss |  | $ | (33,605) |  |  | $ | (28,689) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 58,924 |  |  | 63,984 |
Gift card breakage |  | (8,289) |  |  | (3,231) |
Restaurant asset impairment |  | 13,048 |  |  | 1,357 |
Non-cash other charges, net |  | (2,287) |  |  | 319 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  | 8,229 |  |  | 4,501 |
(Gain) loss on sale of property, plant, and equipment |  | (9,204) |  |  | — |
Other, net |  | 3,240 |  |  | 2,228 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  | 9,487 |  |  | 4,544 |
Income tax receivable |  | 15,163 |  |  | 520 |
Inventories |  | (217) |  |  | — |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 2,183 |  |  | 1,014 |
Operating lease assets, net of liabilities |  | (10,562) |  |  | (12,711) |
Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  | 9,621 |  |  | 16,948 |
Unearned revenue |  | (8,386) |  |  | (4,286) |
Other operating assets and liabilities, net |  | (8,545) |  |  | (8,881) |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 38,800 |  |  | 37,617 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |
Purchases of property, equipment, and intangible assets |  | (27,036) |  |  | (19,987) |
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment and other investing activities |  | 8,739 |  |  | 20 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (18,297) |  |  | (19,967) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |
Borrowings of long-term debt |  | 282,151 |  |  | 109,500 |
Payments of long-term debt and finance leases |  | (266,275) |  |  | (125,216) |
Debt issuance costs |  | (4,869) |  |  | (870) |
Proceeds related to real estate sale |  | 3,856 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from other financing activities, net |  | 58 |  |  | 549 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | 14,921 |  |  | (16,037) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |  | (44) |  |  | 28 |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | 35,380 |  |  | 1,641 |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |  | 22,750 |  |  | 16,116 |
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period |  | $ | 58,130 |  |  | $ | 17,757 |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |  |  |  |
Income tax refunds received, net |  | $ | (14,729) |  |  | $ | (840) |
Interest paid, net of amounts capitalized |  | $ | 11,387 |  |  | $ | 7,586 |

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation and Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Red Robin Gourmet Burgers, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its subsidiaries ("Red Robin" or the "Company"), primarily operates, franchises, and develops full-service restaurants in North America. As of October 2, 2022, the Company owned and operated 424 restaurants located in 38 states. The Company also had 101 franchised full-service restaurants in 16 states and one Canadian province. The Company operates its business as one operating and one reportable segment.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Red Robin and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company's financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Red Robin have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company's annual consolidated financial statements on Form 10-K have been condensed or omitted. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 26, 2021 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures required for audited annual financial statements. For further information, please refer to and read these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022.
Our current, prior, and upcoming year periods, period end dates, and number of weeks included in the period are summarized in the table below:

Periods |  | Period End Date |  | Number of Weeks in Period
Current and Prior Fiscal Quarters: |  |  |  |
First Quarter 2022 |  | April 17, 2022 |  | 16
First Quarter 2021 |  | April 18, 2021 |  | 16
Second Quarter 2022 |  | July 10, 2022 |  | 12
Second Quarter 2021 |  | July 11, 2021 |  | 12
Third Quarter 2022 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | 12
Third Quarter 2021 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | 12
Current and Prior Fiscal Years: |  |  |  |
Fiscal Year 2022 |  | December 25, 2022 |  | 52
Fiscal Year 2021 |  | December 26, 2021 |  | 52
Upcoming fiscal year: |  |  |  |
Fiscal Year 2023 |  | December 31, 2023 |  | 53

Reclassifications
Certain amounts presented have been reclassified within the October 3, 2021 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows to conform with the current period presentation, including prior year reclassifications from Lease assets, net of liabilities to Other operating assets and liabilities. The reclassifications had no effect on the Company’s cash flows from operations.
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Change in Accounting Estimate - Gift Card Breakage
As part of its annual assessment of gift card breakage and during the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, the Company re-evaluated the estimated redemption pattern related to gift cards and aligned the recognition of gift card breakage to the updated estimated redemption pattern. As a result, the Company recognized $5.9 million of additional gift card breakage in Franchise and other revenues, partially offset by $0.6 million of associated commissions costs recognized in Selling, general and administrative expenses, in the first quarter of 2022. This change in accounting estimate decreased net loss by $5.2 million, or $0.33 per basic and diluted share for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022. The Company does not expect the impact of this change in estimate to be material to its future financial statements.
Recent Tax Legislation
The CHIPS and Science Act of 2022 (CHIPS) and the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 were signed into law by President Biden on August 9, 2022 and August 16, 2022, respectively. The legislation introduces new options for monetizing certain credits, a corporate alternative minimum tax, and a stock repurchase excise tax. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of CHIPS and IRA, but at present does not expect that any of the provisions included in these acts would result in a material impact to our deferred tax assets, liabilities, or income taxes payable.
2. Revenue
Disaggregation of revenue
In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by type of good or service (in thousands):

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Restaurant revenue |  | $ | 282,449 |  |  | $ | 270,202 |  |  | $ | 951,718 |  |  | $ | 861,036 |
Franchise revenue |  | 4,249 |  |  | 4,303 |  |  | 14,891 |  |  | 13,123 |
Gift card breakage(1) |  | 190 |  |  | 438 |  |  | 8,290 |  |  | 3,231 |
Other revenue |  | — |  |  | 501 |  |  | 1,629 |  |  | 1,304 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 286,888 |  |  | $ | 275,444 |  |  | $ | 976,528 |  |  | $ | 878,694 |

(1) During the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, the Company re-evaluated the estimated redemption pattern related to gift cards and aligned the recognition of gift card breakage revenue to the updated estimated redemption pattern. See Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Recent Accounting Pronouncements.
Contract liabilities
Components of Unearned revenue in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows (in thousands):

| October 2, 2022 |  | December 26, 2021
Unearned gift card revenue | $ | 23,971 |  |  | $ | 41,128 |
Deferred loyalty revenue | $ | 13,568 |  |  | $ | 13,086 |

Revenue recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the redemption and breakage of gift cards that were included in the liability balance at the beginning of the fiscal year was as follows (in thousands):

| Forty Weeks Ended
| October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Gift card revenue | $ | 19,788 |  |  | $ | 14,448 |

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3. Leases
The Company's finance and operating lease assets and liabilities as of October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

October 2, 2022 |  | Finance(1) |  | Operating(2) |  |
Lease assets, net(3) |  | $ | 7,233 |  |  | $ | 375,747 |  |  |
Current portion of lease obligations |  | 1,015 |  |  | 47,726 |  |  |
Long-term portion of lease obligations |  | 8,630 |  |  | 401,274 |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 9,645 |  |  | $ | 449,000 |  |  |
December 26, 2021 |  | Finance(1) |  | Operating(2) |  |
Lease assets, net(3) |  | $ | 9,664 |  |  | $ | 400,825 |  |  |
Current portion of lease obligations |  | 1,194 |  |  | 48,842 |  |  |
Long-term portion of lease obligations |  | 10,765 |  |  | 435,136 |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 11,959 |  |  | $ | 483,978 |  |  |

(1) Finance lease assets and obligations are included in Other assets, net, Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities, and Other non-current liabilities on our October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) Operating lease assets and obligations are included in Operating lease assets, net, Current portion of operating lease liabilities, and Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities on our October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3) The Lease assets, net caption includes the right of use assets associated with the Company's Finance and Operating leases, net of the associated amortization of these right of use assets.
The components of lease expense, including variable lease costs primarily consisting of common area maintenance charges and real estate taxes, are included in Occupancy on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss as follows (in thousands):

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Operating lease cost |  | $ | 15,793 |  |  | $ | 16,061 |  |  | $ | 53,904 |  |  | $ | 53,765 |
Finance lease cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of right of use assets |  | 261 |  |  | 197 |  |  | 841 |  |  | 657 |
Interest on lease liabilities |  | 111 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 408 |  |  | 407 |
Total finance lease cost |  | $ | 372 |  |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 1,249 |  |  | $ | 1,064 |
Variable lease cost |  | 4,130 |  |  | 4,496 |  |  | 15,136 |  |  | 15,271 |
Total |  | $ | 20,295 |  |  | $ | 20,885 |  |  | $ | 70,289 |  |  | $ | 70,100 |

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Maturities of our lease liabilities as of October 2, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

| Finance Leases |  | Operating Leases |  |
Remainder of 2022 | $ | 260 |  |  | $ | 13,829 |  |  |
2023 | 1,386 |  |  | 76,978 |  |  |
2024 | 1,479 |  |  | 76,047 |  |  |
2025 | 1,189 |  |  | 71,921 |  |  |
2026 | 1,245 |  |  | 66,078 |  |  |
Thereafter | 6,454 |  |  | 323,647 |  |  |
Total future lease payments | $ | 12,013 |  |  | $ | 628,500 |  |  |
Less imputed interest | 2,368 |  |  | 179,500 |  |  |
Total lease liability | $ | 9,645 |  |  | $ | 449,000 |  |  |

Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases is as follows (in thousands, except other information):

|  | Forty Weeks Ended |  |
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  |
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid related to lease liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  | $ | 65,943 |  |  | $ | 68,036 |  |  |
Finance leases |  | 408 |  |  | 406 |  |  |
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid related to lease liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |
Finance leases |  | 1,048 |  |  | 1,447 |  |  |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  | $ | 67,399 |  |  | $ | 69,889 |  |  |
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations |  | $ | 11,604 |  |  | $ | 27,483 |  |  |
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance lease obligations |  | $ | 541 |  |  | $ | 988 |  |  |
Other information related to operating leases as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |  | 9.21 |  | 9.86 |  |
Weighted average discount rate |  | 7.24 | % |  | 7.01 | % |  |
Other information related to finance leases as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |  | 10.49 |  | 11.04 |  |
Weighted average discount rate |  | 4.89 | % |  | 4.56 | % |  |

4. Loss Per Share
Basic loss per share amounts are calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share amounts are calculated based upon the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive shares are excluded from the computation in periods in which they have an anti-dilutive effect. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if holders of options exercised their options into common stock. As the Company was in a net loss position for each of the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021, all potentially dilutive common shares are considered anti-dilutive.
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The Company uses the treasury stock method to calculate the effect of outstanding stock options and awards. Basic weighted average shares outstanding is reconciled to diluted weighted average shares outstanding as follows (in thousands):

| Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
| October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Basic weighted average shares outstanding | 15,892 |  |  | 15,709 |  |  | 15,816 |  |  | 15,647 |
Dilutive effect of stock options and awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 15,892 |  |  | 15,709 |  |  | 15,816 |  |  | 15,647 |
Awards excluded due to anti-dilutive effect on diluted loss per share | 869 |  |  | 545 |  |  | 1,010 |  |  | 390 |

5. Other Charges (Gains), net
Other charges (gains), net consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Asset impairment |  | $ | 2,187 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,048 |  |  | $ | 1,357 |
Gain on sale of restaurant property |  | (9,204) |  |  | — |  |  | (9,204) |  |  | — |
Executive transition |  | 1,825 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,954 |  |  | — |
Other financing costs |  | 1,022 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,392 |  |  | — |
COVID-19 related charges |  | 123 |  |  | 299 |  |  | 423 |  |  | 1,112 |
Restaurant closure costs (gains) |  | (1,570) |  |  | 1,102 |  |  | 309 |  |  | 5,301 |
Closed corporate office, net of sublease income |  | 267 |  |  | — |  |  | 267 |  |  | — |
Litigation contingencies |  | 133 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 1,330 |
Board and stockholder matter costs |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 128 |
Other charges (gains), net |  | $ | (5,217) |  |  | $ | 1,561 |  |  | $ | 8,236 |  |  | $ | 9,228 |

The Company recognized non-cash impairment charges primarily related to restaurant assets at one and ten Company-owned restaurants during the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, respectively, and one Company-owned restaurant for the forty weeks ended October 3, 2021.
During the second quarter of 2022 the Company closed on an agreement to sell a restaurant property that the Company owned and leased back on a short-term basis. The Company collected initial net proceeds from the purchaser-lessor of $3.9 million, which represented a portion of the total consideration received from the sale. The Company did not recognize a sale in the second quarter of 2022 as certain criteria to recognize a sale in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases, and ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, were not met. During third quarter of 2022, the Company received the remaining proceeds, upon which the lease terminated and the sale transaction was completed, and recognized a $9.2 million gain on the sale of the restaurant property . The initial net proceeds of $3.9 million are included within cash flows from financing activities and the final proceeds received of $8.5 million are included within cash flows from investing activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022.
Executive transition costs include costs associated with transitioning to a new Chief Executive Officer.
Other financing costs include fees related to the entry by the Company into the new Credit Agreement (as defined below) on March 4, 2022 that were not capitalized with the closing of the Credit Facility. See Note 6. Borrowings.
COVID-19 related costs include the costs of purchasing personal protective equipment for restaurant Team Members and Guests and emergency sick pay provided to restaurant Team Members related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Restaurant closure costs (gains) include the ongoing restaurant operating costs of the Company-owned restaurants incurred for permanently closed restaurants and closed restaurant lease termination gains or losses.
Closed corporate office, net of sublease income includes expense and sublease income related to a corporate office facility that was vacated and subleased.
Litigation contingencies during the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 include the impact of cash proceeds received by the Company related to certain legal claims. Litigation contingencies during the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021 include legal settlement costs accrued related to pending or threatened litigation.
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Board and stockholder matters costs were primarily related to the recruitment and appointment of a new board member in the first quarter of 2021.
6. Borrowings
Borrowings as of October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 are summarized below (in thousands):

|  | October 2, 2022 |  | Weighted Average Interest Rate |  | December 26, 2021 |  | Weighted Average Interest Rate
Revolving line of credit |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 57,000 |  |  |
Term loan |  | 199,000 |  |  | 8.70 | % |  | 119,080 |  |  | 7.10 | %
Notes payable, non-current |  | 875 |  |  |  |  | 875 |  |  |
Total borrowings |  | 199,875 |  |  |  |  | 176,955 |  |  |
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts(1) |  | 8,555 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Less: current portion of long-term debt |  | 2,000 |  |  |  |  | 9,692 |  |  |
Long-term debt |  | $ | 189,320 |  |  |  |  | $ | 167,263 |  |  |
Revolving line of credit unamortized deferred financing charges(1): |  | $ | 1,042 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,015 |  |  |

(1) Loan origination costs associated with the Company's credit facility are included as deferred costs in Other assets, net for financing charges allocated to the Revolving line of credit, and Long-term debt for financing charges associated with the term loan in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Credit Agreement
On March 4, 2022, the Company replaced its prior amended and restated credit agreement (the "Prior Credit Agreement") with a new Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") by and among the Company, Red Robin International, Inc., as the borrower, the lenders from time to time party thereto, the issuing banks from time to time party thereto, Fortress Credit Corp., as Administrative Agent and as Collateral Agent and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Sole Lead Arranger and Sole Bookrunner. The five-year $225.0 million Credit Agreement provides for a $25.0 million revolving line of credit and a $200.0 million term loan (collectively, the "Credit Facility"). The borrower maintains the option to increase the Credit Agreement in the future, subject to lenders’ participation, by up to an additional $40.0 million in the aggregate on the terms and conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Facility will mature on March 4, 2027. No amortization is required with respect to the revolving Credit Facility. The term loans require quarterly principal payments in an aggregate annual amount equal to 1.0% of the original principal amount of the term loan. The Credit Agreement's interest rate references the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), a new index calculated by short-term repurchase agreements and backed by U.S. Treasury securities, or the Alternate Base Rate ("ABR"), which represents the highest of (a) the Prime Rate, (b) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5% per annum, or (c) one-month term SOFR plus 1.0% per annum. The variable interest rate on the term loan was 10.31% as of October 2, 2022.
Red Robin International, Inc. is the borrower under the Credit Agreement, and certain of its subsidiaries and the Company are guarantors of borrower’s obligations under the Credit Agreement. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and the guarantors, including the Company, and are available to: (i) refinance certain existing indebtedness of the borrower and its subsidiaries, (ii) pay any fees and expenses in connection with the Credit Agreement, and (iii) provide for the working capital and general corporate requirements of the Company, the borrower and its subsidiaries, including permitted acquisitions and capital expenditures, but excluding restricted payments.
On March 4, 2022, Red Robin International, Inc., the Company, and the guarantors also entered into a Pledge and Security Agreement (the “Security Agreement”) granting to the Administrative Agent a first priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of the borrower and the guarantors to secure the obligations under the Credit Agreement. This new Security Agreement replaced the existing security agreement, dated January 10, 2020, which was entered into in connection with the Prior Credit Agreement.
Red Robin International, Inc. as the borrower is obligated to pay customary fees to the agents, lenders and issuing banks under the Credit Agreement with respect to providing, maintaining, or administering, as applicable, the credit facilities.
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In connection with entry into the new Credit Agreement, the Company’s Prior Credit Agreement was terminated. In connection with such termination and new borrowings under the new Credit Agreement, the Company paid off all outstanding borrowings, accrued interest, and fees under the Prior Credit Agreement.
The summary descriptions of the Credit Agreement and the Security Agreement do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the Credit Agreement and the Security Agreement, respectively, which were filed as exhibits to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 10, 2022.
During the first quarter of 2022, the Company expensed approximately $1.7 million of deferred financing charges related to the extinguishment of the Prior Credit Agreement on March 4, 2022. These charges were recorded to interest expense, net and other on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022. In association with the execution of the new Credit Agreement, the Company recognized $4.8 million of deferred financing charges, and $6.1 million of original issuance discount.
7. Fair Value Measurements
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The carrying amounts of the Company's cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and current accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate fair value due to the short term nature or maturity of the instruments.
The Company maintains a rabbi trust to fund obligations under a deferred compensation plan. Amounts in the rabbi trust are invested in mutual funds, which are designated as trading securities and carried at fair value and are included in Other assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Fair market value of mutual funds is measured using level 1 inputs (quoted prices for identical assets in active markets).
The following tables present the Company's assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis included in Other assets, net on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021 (in thousands):

|  | October 2, 2022 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in rabbi trust |  | $ | 4,020 |  |  | $ | 4,020 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Total assets measured at fair value |  | $ | 4,020 |  |  | $ | 4,020 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
|  | December 26, 2021 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in rabbi trust |  | $ | 6,276 |  |  | $ | 6,276 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Total assets measured at fair value |  | $ | 6,276 |  |  | $ | 6,276 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Assets and liabilities recognized or disclosed at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements on a nonrecurring basis include items such as property, plant and equipment, right of use assets, and other intangible assets. These assets are measured at fair value if determined to be impaired.
The Company has measured non-financial assets for impairment using continuing and projected future cash flows, which were based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represented a level 3 fair value measurement. See Note 5. Other Charges (Gains), net.
We impaired long-lived restaurant assets with a carrying value (including right of use lease assets) of $5.8 million and $27.3 million, recognizing an impairment expense of $2.2 million and $13.0 million during the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, respectively, related to the net book value of these long-lived restaurant assets. We determined the fair value of these long-lived assets to be $3.6 million and $14.3 million in the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, respectively. The impairment was recorded as a result of quantitative impairment analyses.
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Disclosures of Fair Value of Other Assets and Liabilities
The Company's liability under its credit facility is carried at historical cost in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of October 2, 2022, the fair value of the credit facility was approximately $194.8 million and the principal amount carrying value was $199.0 million. The credit facility term loan is reported net of $8.6 million in unamortized discount and debt issuance costs in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 2, 2022. The carrying value approximated the fair value of the credit facility as of December 26, 2021, as the interest rate on the instrument approximated current market rates. The interest rate on the credit facility represents a level 2 fair value input.
8. Commitments and Contingencies
Because litigation is inherently unpredictable, assessing contingencies related to litigation is a complex process involving highly subjective judgment about potential outcomes of future events. When evaluating litigation contingencies, we may be unable to provide a meaningful estimate due to a number of factors, including the procedural status of the matter in question, the availability of appellate remedies, insurance coverage related to the claim or claims in question, the presence of complex or novel legal theories, and the ongoing discovery and development of information important to the matter. In addition, damage amounts claimed in litigation against us may be unsupported, exaggerated, or unrelated to possible outcomes, and as such are not meaningful indicators of our potential liability or financial exposure. Accordingly, we review the adequacy of accruals and disclosures each quarter in consultation with legal counsel, and we assess the probability and range of possible losses associated with contingencies for potential accrual in the condensed consolidated financial statements. However, the ultimate resolution of litigated claims may differ from our current estimates.
In the normal course of business, there are various claims in process, matters in litigation, and other contingencies. These include employment related claims and claims from Guests or Team Members alleging illness, injury, food quality, health, or operational concerns. To date, none of these claims, certain of which are covered by insurance policies, have had a material effect on the Company. While it is not possible to predict the outcome of these suits, legal proceedings, and claims with certainty, management is of the opinion that adequate provision for potential losses associated with these matters has been made in the financial statements and that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations. However, a significant increase in the number of these claims, or one or more successful claims resulting in greater liabilities than we currently anticipate, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
As of October 2, 2022, we had a balance of $4.5 million for loss contingencies included within Accrued liabilities and other on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We ultimately may be subject to greater or less than the accrued amount.
As of October 2, 2022, we had non-cancellable purchase commitments to certain vendors who provide food and beverages and other supplies to our restaurants, for an aggregate of $128.4 million. We expect to fulfill our commitments under these agreements in the normal course of business, and as such, no liability has been recorded.
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ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations provides a narrative of our financial performance and condition that should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. All comparisons under this heading between 2022 and 2021 refer to the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021, unless otherwise indicated.
Overview
Description of Business
Red Robin Gourmet Burgers, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its subsidiaries ("Red Robin," "we," "us," "our," or the "Company"), primarily operates, franchises, and develops full-service restaurants with 525 locations in North America. As of October 2, 2022, the Company owned 424 restaurants located in 38 states. The Company also had 101 franchised full-service restaurants in 16 states and one Canadian province. The Company operates its business as one operating and one reportable segment.
Financial and Operational Highlights
The following summarizes the operational and financial highlights during the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022:
Restaurant Revenue, compared to the same period in the prior year, is presented in the table below:

|  | (millions) |  |  |  |
Restaurant Revenue for the twelve weeks ended October 3, 2021 |  | $ | 270.2 |  |  |  |  |
Increase/(decrease) in comparable restaurant revenue(1) |  | 14.1 |  |  |  |  |
Increase/(decrease) from non-comparable restaurants |  | (1.9) |  |  |  |  |
Total increase/(decrease) |  | 12.2 |  |  |  |  |
Restaurant Revenue for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 |  | $ | 282.4 |  |  |  |  |

The following summarizes the operational and financial highlights during the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022:

|  | (millions) |  |  |  |
Restaurant Revenue for the forty weeks ended October 3, 2021 |  | $ | 861.0 |  |  |  |  |
Increase/(decrease) in comparable restaurant revenue(1) |  | 93.6 |  |  |  |  |
Increase/(decrease) from non-comparable restaurants |  | (2.9) |  |  |  |  |
Total increase/(decrease) |  | 90.7 |  |  |  |  |
Restaurant Revenue for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 |  | $ | 951.7 |  |  |  |  |

(1) Comparable restaurant revenue represents revenue from Company-owned restaurants that have operated five full quarters as of the end of the period presented.
Restaurant revenues and operating costs as a percentage of restaurant revenue for the period are detailed in the table below:

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  |  |  |
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |
Restaurant revenue (millions) |  | $ | 282.4 |  |  | $ | 270.2 |  |  | 4.5 | % |  |  |  |
Restaurant operating costs: |  | (Percentage of Restaurant Revenue) |  | (Basis Points) |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | 25.0 | % |  | 23.2 | % |  | 180 |  |  |  |  |
Labor |  | 35.6 |  |  | 36.9 |  |  | (130) |  |  |  |  |
Other operating |  | 18.7 |  |  | 19.0 |  |  | (30) |  |  |  |  |
Occupancy |  | 8.1 |  |  | 8.3 |  |  | (20) |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | 87.4 | % |  | 87.5 | % |  | (10) |  |  |  |  |

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|  | Forty Weeks Ended |  |  |  |
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |
Restaurant revenue (millions) |  | $ | 951.7 |  |  | $ | 861.0 |  |  | 10.5 | % |  |  |  |
Restaurant operating costs: |  | (Percentage of Restaurant Revenue) |  | (Basis Points) |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | 24.6 | % |  | 22.5 | % |  | 210 |  |  |  |  |
Labor |  | 35.8 |  |  | 36.0 |  |  | (20) |  |  |  |  |
Other operating |  | 18.1 |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Occupancy |  | 8.0 |  |  | 8.6 |  |  | (60) |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | 86.5 | % |  | 85.3 | % |  | 120 |  |  |  |  |

Certain percentage and basis point amounts in the table above do not total due to rounding as well as restaurant operating costs being expressed as a percentage of restaurant revenue and not total revenues.
The following table summarizes Net Loss, loss per diluted share, and adjusted loss per diluted share for the twelve and forty weeks ended and October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021:

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Net loss as reported |  | $ | (12,567) |  |  | $ | (14,980) |  |  | $ | (33,605) |  |  | $ | (28,689) |
Loss per share - diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss as reported |  | $ | (0.79) |  |  | $ | (0.95) |  |  | $ | (2.12) |  |  | $ | (1.83) |
Asset impairment |  | 0.14 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.82 |  |  | 0.09 |
Gain on sale of restaurant property |  | (0.58) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.58) |  |  | — |
Change in accounting estimate, gift card breakage revenue, net of commissions(1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.33) |  |  | — |
Executive transition |  | 0.11 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.12 |  |  | — |
Write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs(2) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.11 |  |  | — |
Other financing costs(3) |  | 0.06 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.09 |  |  | — |
Income tax expense |  | 0.09 |  |  | (0.03) |  |  | (0.08) |  |  | (0.16) |
COVID-19 related charges |  | 0.01 |  |  | 0.02 |  |  | 0.03 |  |  | 0.07 |
Restaurant closure costs (gains) |  | (0.10) |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.02 |  |  | 0.34 |
Closed corporate office, net of sublease income |  | 0.02 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.02 |  |  | — |
Litigation contingencies |  | 0.01 |  |  | 0.01 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.08 |
Board and stockholder matter costs |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.01 |
Adjusted loss per share - diluted |  | $ | (1.03) |  |  | $ | (0.88) |  |  | $ | (1.90) |  |  | $ | (1.40) |
Weighted average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 15,892 |  |  | 15,709 |  |  | 15,816 |  |  | 15,647 |
Diluted |  | 15,892 |  |  | 15,709 |  |  | 15,816 |  |  | 15,647 |

(1) During the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, the Company re-evaluated the estimated redemption pattern related to gift cards. See Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Recent Accounting Pronouncements included in Part I. Financial Information in this Quarterly Report on form 10-Q.
(2) Write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs related to the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs related to our Prior Credit Agreement (as defined below) with the completion of the refinancing of our Prior Credit Agreement in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022.
(3) Other financing costs includes legal and other charges related to the refinancing of our Prior Credit Agreement in the first quarter of 2022.
We believe the non-GAAP measure of adjusted loss per diluted share gives the reader additional insight into the ongoing operational results of the Company, and it is intended to supplement the presentation of the Company's financial results in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted loss per diluted share excludes the effects of changes in accounting estimates, asset impairment, litigation contingencies, the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, restaurant and office closure costs, other financing costs, COVID-19 related costs, executive transition costs, and related income tax effects. Other companies may define adjusted net loss per diluted share differently, and as a result our measure of adjusted loss per diluted share may not be directly comparable to those of other companies. Adjusted loss per diluted share should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, net loss as reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP as a measure of performance.
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Restaurant Data
The following table details restaurant unit data for our Company-owned and franchised locations for the periods indicated:

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Company-owned: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | 426 |  |  | 430 |  |  | 430 |  |  | 443 |
Closed during the period |  | (2) |  |  | — |  |  | (6) |  |  | (13) |
End of period |  | 424 |  |  | 430 |  |  | 424 |  |  | 430 |
Franchised: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | 102 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 103 |
Opened during the period |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |
Closed during the period |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | (2) |
End of period |  | 101 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 101 |
Total number of restaurants |  | 525 |  |  | 531 |  |  | 525 |  |  | 531 |

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The following table presents total Company-owned and franchised restaurants by state or province as of October 2, 2022:

|  | Company-Owned Restaurants |  | Franchised Restaurants
State: |  |  |  |
Arkansas |  | 2 |  | 2
Alaska |  |  |  | 3
Alabama |  | 4 |  |
Arizona |  | 17 |  | 1
California |  | 57 |  |
Colorado |  | 22 |  |
Connecticut |  |  |  | 3
Delaware |  |  |  | 5
Florida |  | 18 |  |
Georgia |  | 6 |  |
Iowa |  | 5 |  |
Idaho |  | 8 |  |
Illinois |  | 22 |  |
Indiana |  | 13 |  |
Kansas |  |  |  | 5
Kentucky |  | 4 |  |
Louisiana |  | 2 |  |
Massachusetts |  | 4 |  | 2
Maryland |  | 12 |  |
Maine |  | 2 |  |
Michigan |  |  |  | 20
Minnesota |  | 4 |  |
Missouri |  | 8 |  | 3
Montana |  |  |  | 2
North Carolina |  | 17 |  |
Nebraska |  | 4 |  |
New Hampshire |  | 3 |  |
New Jersey |  | 12 |  | 1
New Mexico |  | 3 |  |
Nevada |  | 6 |  |
New York |  | 14 |  |
Ohio |  | 18 |  | 2
Oklahoma |  | 5 |  |
Oregon |  | 15 |  | 5
Pennsylvania |  | 11 |  | 21
Rhode Island |  | 1 |  |
South Carolina |  | 4 |  |
South Dakota |  | 1 |  |
Tennessee |  | 11 |  |
Texas |  | 20 |  | 9
Utah |  | 1 |  | 5
Virginia |  | 20 |  |
Washington |  | 37 |  |
Wisconsin |  | 11 |  |
Province: |  |  |  |
British Columbia |  |  |  | 12
Total |  | 424 |  | 101

Results of Operations
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Operating results for each fiscal period presented below are expressed as a percentage of total revenues, except for the components of restaurant operating costs, which are expressed as a percentage of restaurant revenue.
This information has been prepared on a basis consistent with our audited 2021 annual financial statements, and, in the opinion of management, includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the information for the periods presented. Our operating results may fluctuate significantly as a result of a variety of factors, and operating results for any period presented are not necessarily indicative of results for a full fiscal year.

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restaurant revenue |  | 98.5 | % |  | 98.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 97.5 | % |  | 98.0 | %
Franchise and other revenues |  | 1.5 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | 2.0 |
Total revenues |  | 100.0 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 100.0 |
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restaurant operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization shown separately below): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | 25.0 |  |  | 23.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24.6 |  |  | 22.5 |
Labor |  | 35.6 |  |  | 36.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 35.8 |  |  | 36.0 |
Other operating |  | 18.7 |  |  | 19.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | 18.1 |
Occupancy |  | 8.1 |  |  | 8.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.0 |  |  | 8.6 |
Total restaurant operating costs |  | 87.4 |  |  | 87.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 86.5 |  |  | 85.3 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 6.1 |  |  | 6.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | 7.3 |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses |  | 12.4 |  |  | 11.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.5 |  |  | 10.2 |
Pre-opening costs |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.1 |
Other charges (gains), net |  | (1.8) |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 1.1 |
Loss from operations |  | (2.8) |  |  | (4.4) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1.7) |  |  | (2.2) |
Interest expense, net and other |  | 1.6 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | 1.1 |
Loss before income taxes |  | (4.4) |  |  | (5.4) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3.4) |  |  | (3.3) |
Income tax provision (benefit) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net loss |  | (4.4) | % |  | (5.4) | % |  |  |  |  |  | (3.4) | % |  | (3.3) | %

Revenues

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(Revenues in thousands) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Restaurant revenue |  | $ | 282,449 |  |  | $ | 270,202 |  |  | 4.5 | % |  | $ | 951,718 |  |  | $ | 861,036 |  |  | 10.5 | %
Franchise and other revenues |  | 4,439 |  |  | 5,242 |  |  | (15.3) | % |  | 24,810 |  |  | 17,658 |  |  | 40.5 | %
Total revenues |  | $ | 286,888 |  |  | $ | 275,444 |  |  | 4.2 | % |  | $ | 976,528 |  |  | $ | 878,694 |  |  | 11.1 | %
Average weekly net sales volumes in Company-owned restaurants |  | $ | 55,469 |  |  | $ | 52,599 |  |  | 5.5 | % |  | $ | 55,927 |  |  | $ | 50,324 |  |  | 11.1 | %
Total operating weeks |  | 5,092 |  |  | 5,137 |  |  | (0.9) | % |  | 17,017 |  |  | 17,110 |  |  | (0.5) | %
Net sales per square foot |  | 106 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 5.3 | % |  | 358 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 11.1 | %

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Restaurant revenue for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022, which comprises primarily food and beverage sales, increased $12.2 million, or 4.5%, as compared to the third quarter of 2021. The increase was due to a $14.1 million, or 5.3%, increase in comparable restaurant revenue, and a $1.9 million decrease at non-comparable restaurants, including the impact of restaurant closures. The comparable restaurant revenue increase was driven by a 9.0% increase in average Guest check, and a 3.7% decrease in Guest count. The increase in average Guest check resulted from a 2.5% increase in menu mix, a 7.7% increase in pricing, and was partially offset by a 1.2% decrease from higher discounts. The increase in menu mix was primarily driven by our limited time menu offerings and higher dine-in sales volumes. Dine-in sales comprised 72.3% of total food and beverage sales during the third quarter of 2022, as compared to 69.2% in the same period in 2021.
Restaurant revenue for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, increased $90.7 million, or 10.5%, as compared to the forty weeks ended October 3, 2021. The increase was due to a $93.6 million, or 11.2%, increase in comparable restaurant revenue, and a $2.9 million decrease at non-comparable restaurants, including the impact of restaurant closures. The comparable restaurant revenue increase was driven by a 10.6% increase in average Guest check, and a 0.6% increase in Guest count. The increase in average Guest check resulted from a 4.2% increase in menu mix, a 6.3% increase in pricing, and a 0.1% decrease in discounts. The increase in menu mix was primarily driven by our limited time menu offerings and higher dine-in sales volumes. Dine-in sales comprised 70.9% of total food and beverage sales during the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, as compared to 64.5% in the same period in 2021.
Average weekly net sales volumes represent the total restaurant revenue for all Company-owned Red Robin restaurants for each time period presented, divided by the number of operating weeks in the period. Comparable restaurant revenues are comprised of Company-owned restaurants that have operated five full quarters as of the end of the period presented. The Company-owned restaurants that were temporarily closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic were not included in the comparable base for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 or October 3, 2021. Fluctuations in average weekly net sales volumes for Company-owned restaurants reflect the effect of comparable restaurant revenue changes as well as the performance of reopened and new restaurants during the period, the average square footage of our restaurants, as well as the impact of changing capacity limitations in response to COVID-19 levels in a given locality. Net sales per square foot represents the total restaurant revenue for Company-owned restaurants included in the comparable base divided by the total square feet of Company-owned restaurants included in the comparable base.
Franchise and other revenue decreased $0.8 million, or 15.3% for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 compared to the twelve weeks ended October 3, 2021. Our franchisees reported flat comparable restaurant revenue for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
Franchise and other revenue increased $7.2 million for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 compared to the forty weeks ended October 3, 2021, primarily due to the re-evaluation of the estimated redemption pattern related to gift cards resulting in a $5.9 million adjustment to gift card breakage from aligning our estimate to the updated estimated redemption pattern. Our franchisees reported a comparable restaurant revenue increase of 8.0% for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
Cost of Sales

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(In thousands, except percentages) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Cost of sales |  | $ | 70,640 |  |  | $ | 62,671 |  |  | 12.7 | % |  | $ | 234,283 |  |  | $ | 193,754 |  |  | 20.9 | %
As a percent of restaurant revenue |  | 25.0 | % |  | 23.2 | % |  | 1.8 | % |  | 24.6 | % |  | 22.5 | % |  | 2.1 | %

Cost of sales, which comprises of food and beverage costs, is variable and generally fluctuates with sales volume. Cost of sales as a percentage of restaurant revenue increased 180 basis points for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by commodity inflation, partially offset by pricing and favorable mix shifts.
Cost of sales as a percentage of restaurant revenue increased 210 basis points for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by commodity inflation, partially offset by favorable mix shifts and pricing.
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Labor

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(In thousands, except percentages) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Labor |  | $ | 100,522 |  |  | $ | 99,725 |  |  | 0.8 | % |  | $ | 340,273 |  |  | $ | 310,333 |  |  | 9.6 | %
As a percent of restaurant revenue |  | 35.6 | % |  | 36.9 | % |  | (1.3) | % |  | 35.8 | % |  | 36.0 | % |  | (0.2) | %

Labor costs include restaurant-level hourly wages and management salaries as well as related taxes and benefits. For the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022, labor as a percentage of restaurant revenue decreased 130 basis points compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by sales leverage, lower hiring costs, and lower management incentive compensation costs, partially offset by wage rate inflation.
For the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, labor as a percentage of restaurant revenue decreased 20 basis points compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by sales leverage, lower group insurance, and lower management incentive compensation costs, partially offset by higher wage rate inflation.
Other Operating

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(In thousands, except percentages) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Other operating |  | $ | 52,858 |  |  | $ | 51,462 |  |  | 2.7 | % |  | $ | 172,725 |  |  | $ | 156,102 |  |  | 10.6 | %
As a percent of restaurant revenue |  | 18.7 | % |  | 19.0 | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | 18.1 | % |  | 18.1 | % |  | — | %

Other operating costs include costs such as equipment repairs and maintenance costs, restaurant supplies, utilities, restaurant technology, and other miscellaneous costs. For the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022, other operating costs as a percentage of restaurant revenue decreased 30 basis points as compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by lower hiring advertisement costs, lower off-premises supplies, and sales leverage, partially offset by an increase in utilities and credit card fees.
For the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, other operating costs as a percentage of restaurant revenue was flat compared to the same period in 2021.
Occupancy

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(In thousands, except percentages) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Occupancy |  | $ | 22,828 |  |  | $ | 22,519 |  |  | 1.4 | % |  | $ | 76,406 |  |  | $ | 74,233 |  |  | 2.9 | %
As a percent of restaurant revenue |  | 8.1 | % |  | 8.3 | % |  | (0.2) | % |  | 8.0 | % |  | 8.6 | % |  | (0.6) | %

Occupancy costs include fixed rents, property taxes, common area maintenance charges, general liability insurance, contingent rents, and other property costs. For the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022, occupancy costs as a percentage of restaurant revenue decreased 20 basis points compared to the same period in 2021 primarily driven by sales leverage.
For the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, occupancy costs as a percentage of restaurant revenue decreased 60 basis points compared to the same period in 2021 primarily driven by sales leverage, partially offset by higher insurance costs.
Our fixed rents for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021 were $16.1 million and $15.8 million, an increase of $0.3 million. Our fixed rents for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021 were $53.5 million and $52.8 million, an increase of $0.6 million.
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Depreciation and Amortization

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(In thousands, except percentages) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Depreciation and amortization |  | $ | 17,368 |  |  | $ | 18,881 |  |  | (8.0) | % |  | $ | 58,924 |  |  | $ | 63,984 |  |  | (7.9) | %
As a percent of total revenues |  | 6.1 | % |  | 6.9 | % |  | (0.8) | % |  | 6.0 | % |  | 7.3 | % |  | (1.3) | %

Depreciation and amortization includes depreciation on capital expenditures for restaurants and corporate assets as well as amortization of acquired franchise rights, leasehold interests, and certain liquor licenses. For the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022, depreciation and amortization expense as a percentage of revenue decreased 80 basis points over the same period in 2021 primarily due to net closed Company-owned restaurants, and sales leverage.
For the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, depreciation and amortization expense as a percentage of revenue decreased 130 basis points over the same period in 2021 primarily due to net closed Company-owned restaurants and sales leverage.
Selling, General, and Administrative

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(In thousands, except percentages) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Selling, general, and administrative |  | $ | 35,692 |  |  | $ | 30,343 |  |  | 17.6 | % |  | $ | 102,168 |  |  | $ | 89,299 |  |  | 14.4 | %
As a percent of total revenues |  | 12.4 | % |  | 11.0 | % |  | 1.4 | % |  | 10.5 | % |  | 10.2 | % |  | 0.3 | %

Selling, general, and administrative costs include all corporate and administrative functions. Components of this category include marketing and advertising costs; restaurant support center, regional, and franchise support salaries and benefits; travel; professional and consulting fees; corporate information systems; legal expenses; office rent; training; and board of directors expenses.
General, and administrative costs in the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 increased $3.8 million, or 21.5%, as compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by a timing shift of our annual leadership conference, increased stock based compensation expense, and merit increases, partially offset by lower corporate office costs.
General, and administrative costs in the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 increased $7.0 million, or 12.1%, as compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the 2022 leadership conference, increased stock based compensation expense, merit increases, and increased manager-in-training costs, partially offset by lower corporate office costs.
Selling costs in the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 increased $1.5 million, or 12.2%, as compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by increased marketing spend.
Selling costs in the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 increased $5.9 million, or 18.5%, as compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by increased marketing spend.
Pre-opening Costs

|  | Twelve Weeks Ended |  | Forty Weeks Ended
(In thousands, except percentages) |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change |  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |  | Percent Change
Pre-opening costs |  | $ | 217 |  |  | $ | 418 |  |  | (48.1) | % |  | $ | 514 |  |  | $ | 792 |  |  | (35.1) | %
As a percent of total revenues |  | 0.1 | % |  | 0.2 | % |  | (0.1) | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  | — | %

* Percentage increases and decreases over 100 percent were not considered meaningful
Pre-opening costs, which are expensed as incurred, comprise the costs related to preparing restaurants to introduce Donatos® and other initiatives, as well as direct costs, including labor, occupancy, training, and marketing, incurred related to opening new restaurants and hiring the initial work force. Our pre-opening costs fluctuate from period to period, depending upon, but not limited to, the number of restaurants where Donatos® has been introduced, the number of restaurant openings, the size of the restaurants being opened, and the location of the restaurants. Pre-opening costs for any given quarter will typically include expenses associated with restaurants opened during the quarter as well as expenses related to restaurants opening in subsequent quarters.
We incurred pre-opening costs during the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 related to the rollout of Donatos®. As of October 2, 2022, the Company had completed its rollout of Donatos® at approximately 50 restaurants for 2022.
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Interest Expense, Net and Other
Interest expense, net and other was $4.6 million for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022, an increase of $1.7 million, or 59.9%, compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily related to higher average outstanding debt, which increased $50.5 million compared to the same period in 2021, and a higher weighted average interest rate for the quarter. Our weighted average interest rate on our credit facility debt was 9.7% for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 as compared to 6.8% for the same period in 2021.
Interest expense, net and other was $16.2 million for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, an increase of $6.2 million, or 61.7%, compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily related to higher average outstanding debt, which increased $37.2 million compared to the same period in 2021, and a higher weighted average interest rate as well as the write off of approximately $1.7 million of deferred financing charges related to the Company's Prior Credit Facility upon the execution of the Credit Agreement on March 4, 2022. Our weighted average interest rate on our credit facility debt was 8.7% for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 as compared to 6.6% for the same period in 2021.
Income Tax Provision
The effective tax rate for the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022 was a 0.3% benefit, compared to a 0.2% benefit for the twelve weeks ended October 3, 2021.
The effective tax rate for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 was a 1.4% expense, compared to a 1.1% benefit for the forty weeks ended October 3, 2021.
During the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, the Company received $14.8 million of federal and state refund claims, respectively, and expects to receive an additional $0.7 million over the next 12-15 months due to processing delays at the IRS and state authorities.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash increased $35.4 million to $58.1 million as of October 2, 2022, from $22.8 million at the beginning of the fiscal year. As the Company continues to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic and generates operating cash flow, the Company is using available cash flow from operations to maintain existing restaurants and infrastructure, execute on its long-term strategic initiatives, and pay down debt. As of October 2, 2022, the Company had approximately $75.0 million in liquidity, including cash on hand and available borrowing capacity under its credit facility.
Cash Flows
The table below summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities for each period presented (in thousands):

|  | Forty Weeks Ended
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | $ | 38,800 |  |  | $ | 37,617 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (18,297) |  |  | (19,967) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | 14,921 |  |  | (16,037) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |  | (44) |  |  | 28 |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | $ | 35,380 |  |  | $ | 1,641 |

Operating Cash Flows
Net cash flows provided by operating activities increased $1.2 million to $38.8 million for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022. The change in net cash provided by operating activities is primarily attributable to changes in working capital, including the tax refunds received in 2022, partially offset by decreased cash from earnings after non-cash items, as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Investing Cash Flows
Net cash flows used in investing activities decreased $1.7 million to $18.3 million for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, as compared to $20.0 million for the same period in 2021. The decrease is primarily due to proceeds received in connection with the sale of a restaurant property, partially offset by increased spending on restaurant improvements, and investments in technology.
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The following table lists the components of our capital expenditures, net of currency translation, for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021 (in thousands):

| Forty Weeks Ended
| October 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021
Restaurant improvement capital and other | $ | 12,376 |  |  | $ | 6,467 |
Investment in technology, infrastructure, and other | 8,274 |  |  | 5,355 |
Donatos® expansion | 4,396 |  |  | 7,687 |
New restaurants and restaurant refreshes | 1,989 |  |  | 478 |
Total capital expenditures | $ | 27,036 |  |  | $ | 19,987 |

Financing Cash Flows
Net cash flows provided by financing activities increased $31.0 million to $14.9 million for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022, as compared to net cash flows used in financing activities of $16.0 million in the same period in 2021. The increase is primarily due to $15.9 million in net borrowings in 2022 compared to a net paydown of debt of $15.7 million in 2021 as a result of the Company's refinancing of debt on March 4, 2022 and $3.9 million in initial deposit proceeds received related to the sale of a restaurant property in the second quarter of 2022, partially offset by an increase in cash used for debt issuance costs.
New Credit Agreement
On March 4, 2022 the Company entered into a new Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement"), which replaced its prior amended and restated credit agreement (the "Prior Credit Agreement"). The five-year $225.0 million Credit Agreement provides for a $25.0 million revolving line of credit and a $200.0 million term loan (collectively, the “Credit Facility”). The new Credit Agreement references the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), a new index calculated by short-term repurchase agreements and backed by U.S. Treasury securities, or the Alternate Base Rate ("ABR"), which represents the highest of (a) the Prime Rate, (b) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5% per annum, or (c) one-month term SOFR plus 1.0% per annum.
As of October 2, 2022, the Company had outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement of $190.4 million net of $8.6 million of unamortized deferred financing charges and discounts, of which $2.0 million was classified as current. As of October 2, 2022, the Company had $25.0 million of available borrowing capacity under its Credit Agreement.
As of October 2, 2022, the Company had $7.8 million of letters of credit issued against cash collateral, compared to $8.6 million as of the prior comparable period. The Company's cash collateral is recorded in Restricted cash on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the quarter ended October 2, 2022.
Covenants
We are subject to a number of customary covenants under our new Credit Facility, including limitations on additional borrowings, acquisitions, stock repurchases, sales of assets, and dividend payments, as well as a Total Net Leverage ratio covenant. As of October 2, 2022, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.
Debt Outstanding
Total debt outstanding increased $22.9 million to $199.9 million at October 2, 2022, from $177.0 million at December 26, 2021, primarily driven by net proceeds from the execution of the new Credit Facility during the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022.
Working Capital
We typically maintain current liabilities in excess of our current assets which results in a working capital deficit. We are able to operate with a working capital deficit because restaurant sales are primarily conducted on a cash or credit card basis. Rapid turnover of inventory results in limited investment in inventories, and cash from sales is usually received before related payables for food, supplies, and payroll become due. In addition, receipts from the sale of gift cards are received well in advance of related redemptions. Rather than maintain higher cash balances that would result from this pattern of operating cash flows, we typically utilize operating cash flows in excess of those required for currently-maturing liabilities to pay for capital expenditures, debt repayment, or to repurchase stock as allowed. When necessary, we utilize our credit facility to satisfy short-term liquidity requirements. We believe our future cash flows generated from restaurant operations combined with our remaining borrowing capacity under the credit facility will be sufficient to satisfy any working capital deficits and our planned capital expenditures.
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Share Repurchase
On August 9, 2018, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company's current share repurchase program of up to a total of $75 million of the Company's common stock. The share repurchase authorization was effective as of August 9, 2018, and will terminate upon completing repurchases of $75 million of common stock unless otherwise terminated by the board. Pursuant to the repurchase program, purchases may be made from time to time at the Company's discretion and the Company is not obligated to acquire any particular amount of common stock. From the date of the current program approval through October 2, 2022, we have repurchased a total of 226,500 shares at an average price of $29.14 per share for an aggregate amount of $6.6 million. Accordingly, as of October 2, 2022, we had $68.4 million of availability under the current share repurchase program.
Effective March 14, 2020, the Company suspended its share repurchase program to provide additional liquidity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our ability to repurchase shares is limited to conditions set forth by our lenders in the Credit Agreement; repurchases shall not exceed (in any fiscal year) the greater of $2,500,000 and 4% of Consolidated EBITDA calculated on a Pro Forma Basis for the then most recently ended period.
Inflation
The primary inflationary factors affecting our operations are food, labor costs, energy costs, and materials used in the construction of new restaurants. Increases in wage rates have directly affected our labor costs in recent years. Additionally, many of our leases require us to pay taxes, maintenance, repairs, insurance, and utilities, all of which are generally subject to inflationary increases. Labor cost and commodity cost inflation had a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations during the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022. Uncertainties related to fluctuations in costs, including energy costs, commodity prices, annual indexed and other wage increases, and construction materials make it difficult to predict what impact, if any, inflation may continue to have on our business, but it is anticipated inflation will have a negative impact on labor and commodity costs for the remainder of 2022.
Seasonality
Our business is subject to seasonal fluctuations. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, sales in most of our restaurants have been higher during the summer months and winter holiday season and lower during the fall season. As a result, our quarterly operating results and comparable restaurant revenue may fluctuate significantly as a result of seasonality. Accordingly, results for any one quarter are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other quarter, and comparable restaurant sales for any particular future period may decrease.
Contractual Obligations
There were no other material changes outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations since the filing of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021, except for long-term debt obligations resulting from the refinancing of our Credit Agreement in March 2022 as previously discussed above and in Note 6. Borrowings, of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Contractual long-term debt payments as of October 2, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

|  | Payments Due by Period
|  | Total |  | 2022 |  | 2023-2024 |  | 2025-2026 |  | 2027 and Thereafter
Long-term debt obligations(1) |  | $ | 291,775 |  |  | $ | 5,707 |  |  | $ | 45,187 |  |  | $ | 44,351 |  |  | $ | 196,530 |
Purchase obligations(2) |  | $ | 171,974 |  |  | $ | 18,335 |  |  | $ | 68,287 |  |  | $ | 38,848 |  |  | $ | 46,504 |

(1) Long-term debt obligations primarily represent minimum required principal payments under our Credit Facility including estimated interest of $91.9 million based on a 10.31% average borrowing interest rate.
(2) Purchase obligations includes the Company's share of expected system-wide fixed price commitments for food, beverage, equipment, and restaurant supply items. These amounts are estimates based on both purchase commitments for contracts, as well as anticipated inventory needed for the Company's restaurants, and could vary due to the timing of anticipated volumes.
See the maturity of lease liabilities table in Note 3. Leases, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Critical accounting policies and estimates are those we believe are both significant and that require us to make difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often because we need to estimate the effect of inherently uncertain matters. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experiences and various other factors we believe to be appropriate under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates, including our estimates of future restaurant level cash flows, which are subject to the current economic environment and future impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, and we might obtain different results if we use different assumptions or conditions. We had no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates which were disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021.
Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
None noted.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain information and statements contained in this report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "PSLRA") codified at Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Forward-looking statements include statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, intentions, plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements which are other than statements of historical facts. These statements may be identified, without limitation, by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "anticipate," "assume," "believe," "could," "estimate," "expect," "future," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "will," "continue," and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements may relate to, among other things: (i) anticipated impacts of litigation, including employment-related claims, on our financial position and results of operations, (ii) anticipated impacts of COVID-19 on our business, our financial position and results of operations, (iii) expectations regarding our ability to attract and retain Team Members, (iv) our business focus and strategy, (v) our ability to maintain our working capital position, (vi) our ability to use our credit facility to satisfy our working capital deficit, short-term liquidity requirements and capital expenditures, (vii) anticipated impacts of inflation, and (viii) availability of food and supplies meeting our specifications from alternate sources.
Although we believe the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, such expectations may prove to be materially incorrect due to known and unknown risks and uncertainties.
In some cases, information regarding certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from a forward-looking statement appears together with such statement. In addition, the factors described under Risk Factors, as well as other possible factors not listed, could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, the following:
•the impact of COVID-19 on our results of operations, supply chain, and liquidity; the effectiveness of the Company's strategic initiatives, including alternative labor models, service, and operational improvement initiatives;
•our ability to recruit staff, train, and retain our workforce for service execution;
•the effectiveness of the Company's marketing strategies and promotions;
•menu changes, including the anticipated sales growth, costs, and timing of the Donatos® expansion;
•the implementation, rollout, and timing of technology solutions in our restaurants and at our restaurant support center, in addition to digital platforms that are accessed by our Guests;
•our ability to achieve and sustain revenue and cost savings from off-premise sales and other initiatives;
•competition in the casual dining market and discounting by competitors;
•changes in consumer spending trends and habits;
•changes in the cost and availability of key food products and distribution, restaurant equipment, construction materials, labor, and energy, including the existence of alternate suppliers and the availability of supplies meeting our specification;
•general economic conditions, including changes in consumer disposable income, weather conditions, and related events in regions where our restaurants are operated;
•the adequacy of cash flows and the cost and availability of capital or credit facility borrowings, including our ability to refinance our credit facility, on terms we expect or at all
•the level and impacts of inflation;
•the impacts of interest rate increases;
•the impact of federal, state, and local regulation of the Company's business;
•changes in federal, state, or local laws and regulations affecting the operation of our restaurants, including minimum wages, consumer health and safety, health insurance coverage, nutritional disclosures, and employment eligibility-related documentation requirements; and
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•costs and other effects of legal claims by Team Members, franchisees, customers, vendors, stockholders, and others, including negative publicity regarding food safety or cyber security.
All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which it is made or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances.
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ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There has been no material change in the interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange risk, or commodity price risk since the filing of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021.
We continue to monitor our interest rate risk on an ongoing basis and may use interest rate swaps or similar instruments in the future to manage our exposure to interest rate changes related to our borrowings as the Company deems appropriate. As of October 2, 2022, we had $199.0 million of borrowings subject to variable interest rates. A 1.0% change in the effective interest rate applied to these loans would have resulted in pre-tax interest expense fluctuation of $2.0 million on an annualized basis.
The Company's restaurant menus are highly dependent upon a few select commodities, including ground beef, poultry, and potatoes. We may or may not have the ability to increase menu prices, or vary menu items, in response to commodity price increases. A 1.0% increase in food and beverage costs would negatively impact cost of sales by approximately $3.0 million on an annualized basis.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company's reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the management of the Company ("Management"), including the Company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. The Company's CEO and CFO have concluded that, based upon the evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company's most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings
Evaluating contingencies related to litigation is a complex process involving subjective judgment on the potential outcome of future events and the ultimate resolution of litigated claims may differ from our current analysis. Accordingly, we review the adequacy of accruals and disclosures each quarter in consultation with legal counsel and we assess the probability and range of possible losses associated with contingencies for potential accrual in the consolidated financial statements.
For further information related to our litigation contingencies, see Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
Risk factors associated with our business are contained in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022. There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in the fiscal year 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the twelve weeks ended October 2, 2022, the Company did not have any sales of securities in transactions that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, that have not been reported in a Current Report on Form 8-K, nor were any share repurchases made by the Company. Our ability to repurchase shares is limited to conditions set forth by our lenders in the Credit Agreement; repurchases shall not exceed (in any fiscal year) the greater of $2,500,000 and 4% of Consolidated EBITDA calculated on a Pro Forma Basis for the then most recently ended period (as each term is defined in the Credit Agreement).
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ITEM 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number |  | Description
(10.1) |  | Offer Letter by and between Red Robin Gourmet Burgers, Inc. and G.J. Hart, dated July 13, 2022. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 14, 2022.
31.1 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
31.2 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
32.1 |  | Section 1350 Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
101 |  | The following financial information from the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Red Robin Gourmet Burgers, Inc. for the quarter ended October 2, 2022 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at October 2, 2022 and December 26, 2021; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the twelve and forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity at October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the forty weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021; and (v) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.

( ) Exhibits previously filed in the Company's periodic filings as specifically noted.
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | RED ROBIN GOURMET BURGERS, INC. (Registrant)
November 2, 2022 |  | By: |  | /s/ Lynn S. Schweinfurth
(Date) |  |  |  | Lynn S. Schweinfurth (Chief Financial Officer)

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