<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001133228-19-000525.txt : 20190222
<SEC-HEADER>0001133228-19-000525.hdr.sgml : 20190222
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20190222160029
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001133228-19-000525
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	486BPOS
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		16
FILED AS OF DATE:		20190222
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20190222
EFFECTIVENESS DATE:		20190301

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JOHN HANCOCK INVESTORS TRUST
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000759828
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		486BPOS
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-222087
		FILM NUMBER:		19625620

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		C/O JOHN HANCOCK FUNDS
		STREET 2:		601 CONGRESS STREET
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02210
		BUSINESS PHONE:		617-663-3000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		C/O JOHN HANCOCK FUNDS
		STREET 2:		601 CONGRESS STREET
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02210

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	HANCOCK JOHN INVESTORS TRUST
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JOHN HANCOCK INVESTORS TRUST
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000759828
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		486BPOS
		SEC ACT:		1940 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	811-04173
		FILM NUMBER:		19625621

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		C/O JOHN HANCOCK FUNDS
		STREET 2:		601 CONGRESS STREET
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02210
		BUSINESS PHONE:		617-663-3000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		C/O JOHN HANCOCK FUNDS
		STREET 2:		601 CONGRESS STREET
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02210

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	HANCOCK JOHN INVESTORS TRUST
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>486BPOS
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>html737_486bpos.htm
<DESCRIPTION>486BPOS
<TEXT>
<HTML>
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<TITLE></TITLE>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on February 22, 2019</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">1933 Act File No. 333-222087</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">1940 Act File No. 811-04173</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 0"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Washington, D.C. 20549</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>FORM N-2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 96%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</B></FONT></TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Pre-Effective Amendment No.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&thorn;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Post-Effective Amendment No. 1</B></FONT></TD>
    </TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">and/or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&thorn;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 96%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940</B></FONT></TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&thorn;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Amendment No. 29</B></FONT></TD>
    </TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 16pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>JOHN HANCOCK INVESTORS TRUST</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts
02116-2805</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip
Code)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Registrant&#8217;s Telephone Number, including
Area Code: 1-800-225-6020</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Christopher Sechler, Esq.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts
02116-2805</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Name and Address (of Agent for Service)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Copies of Communications to:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Mark P. Goshko, Esq.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>K&amp;L Gates LLP</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>One Lincoln Street</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Boston, Massachusetts 02111-2950</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: </B>Commencing as
soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement and continuing from time to time thereafter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be
offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered
in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan, check the following box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&thorn;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate
box):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 96%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">when declared effective pursuant to section 8(c)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&thorn;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">on March 1, 2019 pursuant to Rule 486(b) as applied by no-action relief granted to Registrant on June 26, 2013 </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="img01.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Base Prospectus dated
March 1, 2019</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>1,000,000 Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Investors Trust</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Common Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Beginning on January
1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, paper copies of the Fund&rsquo;s shareholder
reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the transfer agent or
from your financial intermediary. Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each
time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If you already elected
to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and do not need to take any action. You
may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications electronically by calling the transfer agent, Computershare at
800-852-0218 or by going to &lsquo;Communication Preferences&rsquo; at <I>www.computershare.com/investor</I> or by contacting your
financial intermediary.
</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">You may elect to receive all reports in
paper free of charge at any time. You can inform the transfer agent or your financial intermediary that you wish to continue receiving
paper copies of your shareholder reports by following the instructions listed above. Your election to receive reports in paper
will apply to all funds held with John Hancock Investments or your financial intermediary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">John Hancock Investors Trust (the &ldquo;Fund&rdquo;)
is a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund commenced operations in January 1971 following an initial
public offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Investment Objectives. </B>The Fund&rsquo;s
primary investment objective is to generate income for distribution to its shareholders, with capital appreciation as a secondary
objective. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>The Offering. </B>The Fund may offer,
from time to time, in one or more offerings, the Fund&rsquo;s common shares of beneficial interest, no par value (&ldquo;Common
Shares&rdquo;). Common Shares may be offered at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus
(each, a &ldquo;Prospectus Supplement&rdquo;). You should read this Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully
before you invest in Common Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Common Shares may be offered directly to
one or more purchasers, through agents designated from time to time by the Fund, or to or through underwriters or dealers. The
Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering will identify any agents, underwriters or dealers involved in the offer or sale
of Common Shares, and will set forth any applicable offering price, sales, load, fee, commission or discount arrangement between
the Fund and its agents or underwriters, or among its underwriters, or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated, net
proceeds and use of proceeds, and the terms of any sale. The Fund may not sell any Common Shares through agents, underwriters or
dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the particular offering of the Common Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Investment Strategy. </B>The preponderance
of the Fund&rsquo;s assets are invested in a diversified portfolio of debt securities issued by U.S. and non-U.S. corporations
and governments, some of which may carry equity features. The Fund emphasizes corporate debt securities which pay interest on
a fixed or contingent basis and which may possess certain equity features, such as conversion or exchange rights, warrants for
the acquisition of the stock of the same or different issuers, or participations based on revenues, sales or profits. The Fund
may invest up to 70% of its net assets (plus borrowings for investment purposes) in debt securities rated below investment grade,
commonly known as &ldquo;junk bonds.&rdquo; The Fund also may purchase preferred securities and may acquire common stock through
the exercise of conversion or exchange rights acquired in connection with other securities owned by the Fund. The Fund will not
acquire any additional preferred securities or common stock if as a result of that acquisition the value of all preferred securities
and common stocks in the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio would exceed 20% of its total assets. Up to 50% of the value of the Fund&rsquo;s
assets may be invested in restricted securities acquired through private placements. The Fund may purchase</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> mortgage-backed securities.
The Fund also may purchase and sell derivative instruments. In addition, the Fund may invest in repurchase agreements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Investment Advisor and Subadvisor. </B>The
Fund&rsquo;s investment advisor is John Hancock Advisers, LLC (the &ldquo;Advisor&rdquo; or &ldquo;JHA&rdquo;) and its subadvisor
is John Hancock Asset Management a division of Manulife Asset Management (US) LLC (the &ldquo;Subadvisor&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Exchange listing. </B>The Fund&rsquo;s
currently outstanding Common Shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (&ldquo;NYSE&rdquo;) under the symbol &ldquo;JHI.&rdquo;
Any new Common Shares offered and sold hereby are expected to be listed on the NYSE and trade under this symbol. As of February
19, 2019, the last reported sale price for the Common Shares was $15.48.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Leverage. </B>The Fund may use leverage
to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the &ldquo;1940 Act&rdquo;), this Prospectus, and a liquidity agreement
dated December 2, 2015 (the &ldquo;LA&rdquo;). See &ldquo;&mdash;Other Investment Policies&mdash;Borrowing.&rdquo; The LA includes
a line of credit, and will utilize securities lending and reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund&rsquo;s leverage strategy may
not be successful.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>The Common Shares have traded both at
a premium and a discount to net asset value (&ldquo;NAV&rdquo;). The Fund cannot predict whether Common Shares will trade in the
future at a premium or discount to NAV. The provisions of the 1940 Act generally require that the public offering price of common
shares (less any underwriting commissions and discounts) must equal or exceed the NAV per share of a company&rsquo;s common stock
(calculated within 48 hours of pricing). The Fund&rsquo;s issuance of Common Shares may have an adverse effect on prices in the
secondary market for the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares by increasing the number of Common Shares available, which may put downward
pressure on the market price for the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares. Shares of common stock of closed-end investment companies frequently
trade at a discount from NAV, which may increase investors&rsquo; risk of loss.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Investing in the Fund&rsquo;s Common
Shares involves certain risks. See &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; beginning on page 27.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined whether
this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This Prospectus, together with any applicable Prospectus Supplement,
sets forth concisely the information about the Fund that a prospective investor should know before investing. You should read this
Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement, which contain important information, before deciding whether to invest in
the Common Shares. You should retain the Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement for future reference. A Statement of Additional Information
(&ldquo;SAI&rdquo;), dated March 1, 2019, containing additional information about the Fund, has been filed with the SEC and is
incorporated by reference in its entirety into this Prospectus. The Table of Contents for the SAI is on page 58 of the Prospectus.
A copy of the SAI may be obtained without charge by calling 800-225-6020 (toll-free) or from the SEC&rsquo;s website at sec.gov.
Copies of the Fund&rsquo;s annual report and semi-annual report and other information about the Fund may be obtained upon request
by writing to the Fund, by calling 800-225-6020, or by visiting the Fund&rsquo;s website at www.jhinvestments.com/Fund/PerformanceTable.aspx?ProductType=ClosedEnd.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">You also may obtain a copy of any information
regarding the Fund filed with the SEC from the SEC&rsquo;s website (sec.gov).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares do not represent
a deposit or obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and are not
federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Prospectus dated March 1, 2019</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>You should rely only on the information
contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this Prospectus and any related Prospectus Supplement in making your investment
decisions. The Fund has not authorized any person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different
or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. The Fund is not making an offer to sell the Common Shares in any jurisdiction
where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information in this Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement
is accurate only as of the dates on their covers. The Fund&rsquo;s business, financial condition and prospects may have changed
since the date of its description in this Prospectus or the date of its description in any Prospectus Supplement.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; width: 93%; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_001">Prospectus Summary</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; width: 7%; padding: 4pt">1</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_002">Summary of Fund Expenses</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">13</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_003">Financial Highlights</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">15</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_004">Market and Net Asset Value Information</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">17</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_005">The Fund</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">17</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_006">Use of Proceeds</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_007">Investment Objectives</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_008">Investment Strategies</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_009">Risk Factors</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">27</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_010">Management of the Fund</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">41</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_011">Determination of Net Asset Value</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">44</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_012">Distribution Policy</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">45</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_013">Dividend Reinvestment Plan</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_014">Closed-End Fund Structure</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">47</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_015">U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">48</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_016">Plan of Distribution</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">51</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_017">Description of Capital Structure</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">52</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_018">Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">55</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_019">Reports to Shareholders</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">56</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_020">Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">56</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_021">Additional Information</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">56</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_022">Table of Contents of the Statement of Additional Information</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">58</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; padding: 4pt"><A HREF="#pros_023">The Fund&rsquo;s Privacy Policy</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: right; padding: 4pt">59</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>

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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_001"></A>Prospectus Summary</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>This is only a summary. You should review
the more detailed information elsewhere in this prospectus (&ldquo;Prospectus&rdquo;), in any related supplement to this Prospectus
(each, a &ldquo;Prospectus Supplement&rdquo;), and in the Statement of Additional Information (the &ldquo;SAI&rdquo;) prior to
making an investment in the Fund. See &ldquo;Risk Factors.&rdquo;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The Fund </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">John Hancock Investors Trust (the &ldquo;Fund&rdquo;) is a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund commenced operations in January 1971 following an initial public offering.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Investment Objectives </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Fund&rsquo;s primary investment objective is to generate income for distribution to its shareholders, with capital appreciation as a secondary objective. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives. The Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives are not fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The Offering </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Fund may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, up to 1,000,000 of the Fund&rsquo;s common shares of beneficial interest, no par value (&ldquo;Common Shares&rdquo;), on terms to be determined at the time of the offering. The Common Shares may be offered at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more Prospectus Supplements. You should read this Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully before you invest in Common Shares. Common Shares may be offered directly to one or more purchasers, through agents designated from time to time by the Fund, or to or through underwriters or dealers. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering will identify any agents, underwriters or dealers involved in the offer or sale of Common Shares, and will set forth any applicable offering price, sales load, fee, commission or discount arrangement between the Fund and its agents or underwriters, or among its underwriters, or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated, net proceeds and use of proceeds, and the terms of any sale. See &ldquo;Plan of Distribution.&rdquo; The Fund may not sell any Common Shares through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the particular offering of Common Shares. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Listing and Symbol </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Fund&rsquo;s currently outstanding Common Shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (&ldquo;NYSE&rdquo;) under the symbol &ldquo;JHI.&rdquo; Any new Common Shares offered and sold hereby will be listed on the NYSE and trade under this symbol. As of February 19, 2019, the last reported sale price for the Common Shares was $15.48. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Investment Strategy </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The preponderance of the Fund&rsquo;s assets are invested in a diversified portfolio of debt securities issued by U.S. and non-U.S. corporations and governments, some of which may carry equity features. The Fund emphasizes corporate debt securities which pay interest on a fixed or contingent basis and which may possess certain equity features, such as conversion or exchange rights, warrants for the acquisition of the stock of the same or different issuers, or participations based on revenues, sales or profits. The Fund also may purchase preferred securities and may acquire common stock through the exercise of conversion or exchange rights acquired in connection with other securities owned by the Fund. The Fund will not acquire any additional preferred securities or common stock if as a result of that acquisition the value of all preferred securities and common stocks in the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio would exceed 20% of its total assets. Up to 50% of the value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets may be invested in restricted securities acquired through private placements. The Fund may purchase mortgage-backed securities. The Fund also may purchase and sell derivative instruments, including foreign currency forward contracts, foreign currency swaps, futures contracts, swaps, including credit-default swaps and interest-rate swaps, and options, including currency options. In addition, the Fund may invest in repurchase agreements.&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At least 30% of Fund&rsquo;s net assets
        (plus borrowings for investment purposes) will be represented by (a) debt securities that are rated, at the time of acquisition,
        investment grade (<I>i.e.</I>, at least &ldquo;Baa&rdquo; by Moody&rsquo;s Investors Service, Inc. (&ldquo;Moody&rsquo;s&rdquo;)
        or &ldquo;BBB&rdquo; by Standard &amp; Poor&rsquo;s Ratings Services (&ldquo;S&amp;P&rdquo;)) or in unrated securities determined
        by the Subadvisor to be of comparable credit quality, (b) securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies
        and instrumentalities, and (c) cash or cash equivalents. The remaining 70% of the Fund&rsquo;s net assets (plus borrowings for
        investment purposes) may be invested in debt securities of any credit quality, including securities rated below investment grade
        (<I>i.e.</I>, rated &ldquo;Ba&rdquo; or lower by Moody&rsquo;s or &ldquo;BB&rdquo; or lower by S&amp;P). Debt securities of below
        investment grade quality are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer&rsquo;s ability
        to pay interest and repay principal and are commonly referred to as &ldquo;junk bonds&rdquo; or &ldquo;high yield securities.&rdquo;
        While the Fund focuses on intermediate- and longer-term debt securities, the Fund may acquire securities of any maturity and is
        not subject to any limits as to the average maturity of its overall portfolio.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Securities rated &ldquo;BBB&rdquo;
by S&amp;P are regarded by S&amp;P as having an adequate capacity to pay interest or dividends and repay capital or principal,
as the case may be; whereas such securities normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing
circumstances are more likely, in the opinion of S&amp;P, to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest or dividends and repay
capital or principal for securities in this category than in higher rating categories. Securities rated &ldquo;Baa&rdquo; by Moody&rsquo;s
are considered by Moody&rsquo;s as medium to lower medium grade securities; they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured;
interest or dividend payments and capital or principal security, as the case may be, appear to Moody&rsquo;s to be adequate for
the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over time; and, in the opinion
of Moody&rsquo;s, securities in this rating category lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative
characteristics as well. Below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities involve substantial risk of loss,
are considered highly speculative with respect to the issuer&rsquo;s ability to pay interest and any required redemption or principal
payments and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and business developments. Securities
rated Ba or BB may face significant ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial or economic conditions that
could lead to the issuer being unable to meet its financial commitments. The protection of interest and principal may be moderate
and not well safeguarded during both good and bad times. Securities rated B generally lack the characteristics of a desirable
investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments over the long term may be low, and such securities are more vulnerable
to nonpayment than obligations rated BB or Ba. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the issuer&rsquo;s
capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments. The descriptions of the investment grade rating categories by Moody&rsquo;s
and S&amp;P, including a description of their speculative characteristics, are set forth in the SAI. All references to securities
ratings by Moody&rsquo;s and S&amp;P in this Prospectus shall, unless otherwise indicated, include all securities within each
such rating category (<I>e.g.</I>, &ldquo;Baa1&rdquo;, &ldquo;Baa2&rdquo; and &ldquo;Baa3&rdquo; in the case of Moody&rsquo;s
and &ldquo;BBB+&rdquo;, &ldquo;BBB&rdquo; and &ldquo;BBB-&rdquo; in the case of S&amp;P). All percentage and ratings limitations
on securities in which the Fund may invest apply at the time of making an investment and shall not be considered violated if an
investment rating is subsequently downgraded to a rating that would have precluded the Fund&rsquo;s initial investment in such
security. In the event of such security downgrade, the Fund will sell the portfolio security as soon as the Subadvisor believes
it to be prudent to do so in order to again cause the Fund to be within the percentage and ratings limitations set forth in this
Prospectus. In the event that the Fund disposes of a portfolio security subsequent to its being downgraded, the Fund&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">may
    experience a greater risk of loss than if such security had been sold prior to such downgrade.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">In managing the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio, the Subadvisor concentrates first on sector selection by deciding which types of bonds and industries to emphasize at a given time, and then which individual bonds to buy. When making sector and industry allocations, the Subadvisor tries to anticipate shifts in the business cycle, using top-down analysis to determine which sectors and industries may benefit over the next 12 months. In choosing individual securities, the Subadvisor uses bottom-up research to find securities that appear comparatively undervalued. The Subadvisor looks at bonds of all quality levels and maturities from many different issuers, potentially including U.S. dollar-denominated securities of foreign corporations and governments. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Investment Advisor and Subadvisor </B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s investment advisor is John
        Hancock Advisers, LLC (the &ldquo;Advisor&rdquo; or &ldquo;JHA&rdquo;) and its subadvisor is John Hancock Asset Management a division
        of Manulife Asset Management (US) LLC (the &ldquo;Subadvisor&rdquo;).</p></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">JHA, the Fund&rsquo;s investment advisor, is an indirect principally owned subsidiary of Manulife Financial Corporation. The Advisor is responsible for overseeing the management of the Fund, including its day-to-day business operations and monitoring the Subadvisor. As of December 31, 2018, the Advisor had total assets under management of approximately $131.8 billion. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Subadvisor handles the fund&rsquo;s portfolio management activity, subject to oversight by the Advisor. The Subadvisor, organized in 1968, is a wholly owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.) (a subsidiary of Manulife Financial, a publicly held, Canadian-based company). As of December 31, 2018, the Subadvisor had total assets under management of approximately $184.6 billion.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">See &ldquo;Management of the Fund&mdash;The Advisor&rdquo; and &ldquo;&mdash;The Subadvisor.&rdquo; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Distributions </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Fund makes regular quarterly distributions to holders of Common Shares (the &ldquo;Common Shareholders&rdquo;) sourced from the Fund&rsquo;s cash available for distribution. &ldquo;Cash available for distribution&rdquo; consists of the Fund&rsquo;s (i) investment company taxable income, which includes among other things, dividend and ordinary income after payment of Fund expenses, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, and income from certain hedging and interest rate transactions, and (ii) net long-term capital gain (gain from the sale of capital assets held longer than one year). The Board of Trustees of the Fund (the &ldquo;Board&rdquo;) may modify this distribution policy at any time without obtaining the approval of Common Shareholders. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, in the event the Fund makes distributions from sources other than income, a notice will accompany each quarterly distribution with respect to the estimated sources of the distribution made. Such notices will describe the portion, if any, of the quarterly dividend which, in the Fund&rsquo;s good faith judgment, constitutes long-term capital gain, short-term capital gain, net investment income or a return of capital. The actual character of such dividend distributions for U.S. federal income tax purposes, however, will only be determined finally by the Fund at the close of its fiscal year, based on the Fund&rsquo;s full year performance and its actual net investment company taxable income and net capital gain for the year, which may result in a recharacterization of amounts distributed during such fiscal year from the characterization in the quarterly estimates.</FONT></P>
                                                                                                <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
                                                                                <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">If, for any calendar year, as discussed above, the total distributions made exceed the Fund&rsquo;s net investment taxable income and net capital gain, the excess</FONT></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify">generally will be treated as a return
of capital to each Common Shareholder (up to the amount of the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s basis in his or her Common Shares) and
thereafter as gain from the sale of Common Shares. The amount treated as a return of capital reduces the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s
adjusted basis in his or her Common Shares, thereby increasing his or her potential gain or reducing his or her potential loss
on the subsequent sale of his or her Common Shares. Distributions in any year may include a substantial return of capital component.
</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Distribution rates are based on projected quarterly cash available for distribution, which may result in fluctuations in quarterly rates. As a result, the distributions paid by the Fund for any particular quarter may be more or less than the amount of cash available for distribution from that quarterly period. In certain circumstances, the Fund may be required to sell a portion of its investment portfolio to fund distributions. Distributions will reduce the Common Shares&rsquo; net asset value (&ldquo;NAV&rdquo;). </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The 1940 Act limits the number of times the Fund may distribute long-term capital gain in any tax year, which may increase the variability of the Fund&rsquo;s distributions and result in certain distributions being composed more heavily of long-term capital gain eligible for favorable income tax rates. In the future, the Advisor may seek Board approval to implement a managed distribution plan for the Fund. The managed distribution plan would be implemented pursuant to an exemptive order previously granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;), which provides an exemption from Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 19b-1 thereunder to permit the Fund to include long-term capital gain as a part of its regular distributions to Common Shareholders more frequently than would otherwise be permitted by the 1940 Act (generally once or twice per year). If the Fund implements a managed distribution plan, it would do so without a vote of the Common Shareholders. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dividend Reinvestment Plan </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Fund has established an automatic dividend reinvestment plan (the &ldquo;Plan&rdquo;). Under the Plan, distributions of dividends and capital gain are automatically reinvested in Common Shares of the Fund by Computershare, Inc. Every shareholder holding at least one full share of the Fund will be automatically enrolled in the Plan. Shareholders who do not participate in the Plan will receive all distributions in cash. Common Shareholders who intend to hold their Common Shares through a broker or nominee should contact such broker or nominee regarding the Plan. See &ldquo;Dividend Reinvestment Plan.&rdquo; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Closed-End Fund Structure </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (which generally are referred to as &ldquo;mutual funds&rdquo;) in that closed-end funds generally list their shares for trading on a securities exchange and do not redeem their shares at the option of the shareholder. Mutual funds do not trade on securities exchanges and issue securities redeemable at the option of the shareholder. The continuous outflows of assets in a mutual fund can make it difficult to manage the fund&rsquo;s investments. Closed-end funds generally are able to stay more fully invested in securities that are consistent with their investment objectives and also have greater flexibility to make certain types of investments and to use certain investment strategies, such as financial leverage and investments in illiquid securities. The Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares are designed primarily for long-term investors; you should not purchase Common Shares if you intend to sell them shortly after purchase. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at prices lower than their NAV. Since inception, the market price of the Common Shares has fluctuated and at times has traded below the Fund&rsquo;s NAV and at times has traded above the Fund&rsquo;s NAV. The Fund cannot predict whether in the future the Common Shares will trade at, above or below NAV. In addition to NAV, the market price of the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares may be affected by such factors as the Fund&rsquo;s dividend stability, dividend levels, which are in turn affected by expenses, and market supply and demand. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">In recognition of the possibility that the Common Shares may trade at a discount from their NAV, and that any such discount may not be in the best interest of Common Shareholders, the Board, in consultation with the Advisor, from time to time may review possible actions to reduce any such discount. There can be no assurance that the Board will decide to undertake any of these actions or that, if undertaken, such actions would result in the Common Shares trading at a price equal to or close to NAV per Common Share. In the event that the Fund conducts an offering of new Common Shares and such offering constitutes a &ldquo;distribution&rdquo; under Regulation M, the Fund and certain of its affiliates may be subject to an applicable restricted period that could limit the timing of any repurchases by the Fund. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Summary of Risks </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Fund&rsquo;s principal risk factors are listed below by general risks and strategy risks. Before investing, be sure to read the additional descriptions of these risks beginning on page 27 of this Prospectus. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; text-indent: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&#9;General Risks </I></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Investment and Market Risk.</I></B>
        An investment in Common Shares is subject to investment and market risk, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount
        invested. An investment in Common Shares represents an indirect investment in the securities owned by the Fund, which generally
        are traded on a securities exchange or in the over-the-counter markets. The value of these securities, like other market investments,
        may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. Common Shares at any point in time may be worth less than the original
        investment, even after taking into account any reinvestment of dividends and distributions.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Tax Risk.</I></B> To qualify for the
        special tax treatment available to regulated investment companies, the Fund must: (i) derive at least 90% of its annual gross income
        from certain kinds of investment income; (ii) meet certain asset diversification requirements at the end of each quarter; and (iii)
        distribute in each taxable year at least 90% of its net investment income (including net interest income and net short-term capital
        gain). If the Fund failed to meet any of these requirements, subject to the opportunity to cure such failures under applicable
        provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the &ldquo;Code&rdquo;), the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal
        income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gain, even if such income were distributed
        to its shareholders. All distributions by the Fund from earnings and profits, including distributions of net capital gain (if any),
        would be taxable to the shareholders as ordinary income. To the extent designated by the Fund, such distributions generally would
        be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of individual and other non-corporate shareholders and (ii)
        for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders, provided that in each case the shareholder meets applicable
        holding period requirements. In addition, in order to requalify for taxation as a regulated investment company, the Fund might
        be required to recognize unrealized gain, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make certain distributions. See &ldquo;U.S. Federal
        Income Tax Matters.&rdquo;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The tax treatment and characterization
of the Fund&rsquo;s distributions may vary significantly from time to time due to the nature of the Fund&rsquo;s investments.
The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund&rsquo;s distributions in a calendar year may not finally be determined until after
the end of that calendar year. The Fund may make distributions during a calendar year that exceed the Fund&rsquo;s net investment
income and net realized capital gain for that year. In such a situation, the amount by which the Fund&rsquo;s total distributions
exceed net investment income and net realized capital gain generally would be treated as a return of capital up to the amount
of the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s tax basis in his or her Common Shares, with any amounts exceeding such basis treated as gain
from the sale of his or her Common Shares. The Fund&rsquo;s income distributions that qualify for favorable tax treatment may
be affected by Internal Revenue Service (&ldquo;IRS&rdquo;) interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations.
See &ldquo;U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters.&rdquo;&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">No assurance can be given as to what percentage
        of the distributions paid on the Common Shares, if any, will consist of long-term capital gain or what the tax rates on various
        types of income will be in future years.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Distribution Risk.</I></B> There can
        be no assurance that quarterly distributions paid by the Fund to shareholders will be maintained at current levels or increase
        over time. The quarterly distributions shareholders receive from the Fund are derived from the Fund&rsquo;s dividends and interest
        income after payment of Fund expenses. The Fund&rsquo;s cash available for distribution may vary widely over the short- and long-term.
        If, for any calendar year, the total distributions made exceed the Fund&rsquo;s net investment taxable income and net capital gain,
        the excess generally will be treated as a return of capital to each Common Shareholder (up to the amount of the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s
        basis in his or her Common Shares) and thereafter as gain from the sale of Common Shares. The amount treated as a return of capital
        reduces the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s adjusted basis in his or her Common Shares, thereby increasing his or her potential gain
        or reducing his or her potential loss on the subsequent sale of his or her Common Shares. Distributions in any year may include
        a substantial return of capital component.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Defensive Positions Risk.</I></B>
        During periods of adverse market or economic conditions, the Fund may temporarily invest all or a substantial portion of its total
        assets in short-term money market instruments, securities with remaining maturities of less than one year, cash or cash equivalents.
        The Fund will not be pursuing its investment objectives in these circumstances and could miss favorable market developments.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Interest Rate Risk.</I></B> Interest
        rate risk is the risk that fixed-income securities such as debt securities and preferred securities will decline in value because
        of changes in market interest rates. When market interest rates rise, the market value of such securities generally will fall.
        The Fund&rsquo;s investments in debt securities and preferred securities means that the NAV and market price of the Common Shares
        will tend to decline if market interest rates rise. Given the historically low level of interest rates in recent years and the
        likelihood that interest rates will increase when the national economy strengthens, the risk of the potentially negative impact
        of rising interest rates on the value of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio may be significant. In addition, the longer the average maturity
        of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio of debt securities, the greater the potential impact of rising interest rates on the value of the
        Fund&rsquo;s portfolio and the less flexibility the Fund may have to respond to the decreasing spread between the yield on its
        portfolio securities.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During periods of declining interest rates,
        an issuer may exercise its option to prepay principal of debt securities or to redeem preferred securities earlier than scheduled,
        forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities. This is known as call or prepayment risk. During periods of rising interest
        rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected principal payments. This
        may lock in a below market interest rate, increase the security&rsquo;s duration and reduce the value of the security. This is
        known as extension risk. Recent and potential future changes in government monetary policy may affect the level of interest rates.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Inflation Risk.</I></B> Inflation
        risk is the risk that the purchasing power of assets or income from investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases
        the value of money. As inflation increases, the real value of the Common Shares and distributions thereon can decline.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Leverage Risk.</I></B> The Fund is
        authorized to utilize leverage through borrowings, reinvestment of securities lending collateral or reverse repurchase agreement
        proceeds, and/or the issuance of preferred shares, including the issuance of debt securities. The Fund is party to the LA as described
        in &ldquo;&mdash;Description of Capital Structure&mdash;Liquidity Facility.&rdquo;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund utilizes the LA to increase
its assets available for investment. When the Fund leverages its assets, Common Shareholders bear the fees associated with the
LA and have the potential to benefit or be disadvantaged from the use of leverage. In addition, the fee paid to the Advisor is
calculated on the basis of</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">the Fund&rsquo;s average daily managed assets,
        including proceeds from borrowings and/or the issuance of any preferred shares, so the fee will be higher when leverage is utilized,
        which may create an incentive for the Advisor to employ financial leverage. Consequently, the Fund and the Advisor may have differing
        interests in determining whether to leverage the Fund&rsquo;s assets. Leverage creates risks that may adversely affect the return
        for the Common Shareholders, including:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B>the
        likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and market price of Common Shares;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B>fluctuations
        in the interest rate paid for the use of the LA;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B>increased
        operating costs, which may reduce the Fund&rsquo;s total return;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B>the
        potential for a decline in the value of an investment acquired through leverage, while the Fund&rsquo;s obligations under such
        leverage remains fixed; and</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B>the
        Fund is more likely to have to sell securities in a volatile market in order to meet asset coverage or other debt compliance requirements.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the extent the returns derived from securities
        purchased with proceeds received from leverage exceeds the cost of leverage, the Fund&rsquo;s distributions may be greater than
        if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the returns from the securities purchased with such proceeds are not sufficient to
        cover the cost of leverage, the amount available for distribution to Common Shareholders will be less than if leverage had not
        been used. In the latter case, the Advisor, in its best judgment, may nevertheless determine to maintain the Fund&rsquo;s leveraged
        position if it deems such action to be appropriate. The costs of a borrowing program and/or an offering of preferred shares would
        be borne by Common Shareholders and consequently would result in a reduction of the NAV of Common Shares.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the risks created by the
        Fund&rsquo;s use of leverage, the Fund is subject to the risk that it would be unable to timely, or at all, obtain replacement
        financing if the LA is terminated. For more information regarding termination, see &ldquo;&mdash;Description of Capital Structure&mdash;Liquidity
        Facility.&rdquo;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Market Discount Risk.</I></B> The
        Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares will be offered only when Common Shares of the Fund are trading at a price equal to or above the Fund&rsquo;s
        NAV per Common Share plus the per Common Share amount of commissions. As with any security, the market value of the Common Shares
        may increase or decrease from the amount initially paid for the Common Shares. The Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares have traded at both
        a premium and at a discount to NAV. The shares of closed-end management investment companies frequently trade at a discount from
        their NAV. This characteristic is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that the Fund&rsquo;s NAV could decrease as a result
        of investment activities. Investors bear a risk of loss to the extent that the price at which they sell their shares is lower in
        relation to the Fund&rsquo;s NAV than at the time of purchase, assuming a stable NAV.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Secondary Market for the Common Shares.
        </I></B>The issuance of new Common Shares may have an adverse effect on the secondary market for the Common Shares. When Common
        Shares are trading at a premium, the Fund may issue new Common Shares of the Fund. The increase in the amount of the Fund&rsquo;s
        outstanding Common Shares resulting from the offering of new Common Shares may put downward pressure on the market price for the
        Common Shares of the Fund. Common Shares will not be issued at any time when Common Shares are trading at a price lower than a
        price equal to the Fund&rsquo;s NAV per Common Share plus the per Common Share amount of commissions.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund also issues Common Shares
through its dividend reinvestment plan. Common Shares may be issued under the plan at a discount to the market price for such
Common Shares, which may put downward pressure on the market price for Common Shares of the Fund.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The voting power of current Common Shareholders
        will be diluted to the extent that such shareholders do not purchase shares in any future Common Share offerings or do not purchase
        sufficient shares to maintain their percentage interest. In addition, if the proceeds of such offering are unable to be invested
        as intended, the Fund&rsquo;s per Common Share distribution may decrease (or may consist of return of capital) and the Fund may
        not participate in market advances to the same extent as if such proceeds were fully invested as planned.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Management Risk.</I></B> The Fund
        is subject to management risk because it relies on the Subadvisor&rsquo;s ability to pursue the Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives.
        The Subadvisor applies investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no
        guarantee that it will produce the desired results.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Economic and market events
        risk</I></B>. Events in the U.S. and global financial markets, including actions taken by the U.S. Federal Reserve or foreign central
        banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility, which could negatively
        impact performance. Reduced liquidity in credit and fixed-income markets could adversely affect issuers worldwide. Banks and financial
        services companies could suffer losses if interest rates rise or economic conditions deteriorate.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 8.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Natural Disasters and Adverse Weather
        Conditions.</I></B> Certain areas of the world historically have been prone to major natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes,
        typhoons, flooding, tidal waves, tsunamis, erupting volcanoes, wildfires or droughts, and have been economically sensitive to environmental
        events. Such disasters, and the resulting damage, could have a severe and negative impact on the Fund&rsquo;s investment portfolio
        and, in the longer term, could impair the ability of issuers in which the Fund invests to conduct their businesses in the manner
        normally conducted. Adverse weather conditions also may have a particularly significant negative effect on issuers in the agricultural
        sector and on insurance companies that insure against the impact of natural disasters.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Changes in U.S. Law.</I></B> Changes
        in the state and U.S. federal laws applicable to the Fund, including changes to state and U.S. federal tax laws, or applicable
        to the Advisor, the Subadvisor and other securities or instruments in which the Fund may invest, may negatively affect the Fund&rsquo;s
        returns to Common Shareholders. The Fund may need to modify its investment strategy in the future in order to satisfy new regulatory
        requirements or to compete in a changed business environment.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Anti-takeover Provisions.</I></B>
        The Fund&rsquo;s Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could limit the ability of other persons or entities to acquire
        control of the Fund or to change the composition of its Board. These provisions may deprive shareholders of opportunities to sell
        their Common Shares at a premium over the then current market price of the Common Shares. See &ldquo;Certain Provisions in the
        Declaration of Trust and By-Laws&mdash;Anti-takeover provisions.&rdquo;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Cybersecurity and Operational
Risk.</I></B> Cybersecurity breaches may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to fund assets, customer data, or proprietary
information, or cause the Fund or its service providers to suffer data corruption or lose operational functionality. Similar incidents
affecting issuers of the Fund&rsquo;s securities may negatively impact performance. Operational risk may arise from human error,
error by third parties, communication errors, or technology failures, among other causes.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 7.2pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Strategy Risks</I></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Credit and counterparty risk.</I></B>
        The issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, the counterparty to an over-the-counter derivatives contract, or a borrower
        of fund securities may not make timely payments or otherwise honor its obligations. U.S. government securities are subject to varying
        degrees of credit risk depending upon the nature of their support. A downgrade or default affecting any of the Fund&rsquo;s securities
        could affect the Fund&rsquo;s performance.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Corporate Debt Securities Risk. </I></B>Corporate
        debt obligations are subject to the risk of an issuer&rsquo;s inability to meet principal and interest payments on the obligations
        and also may be subject to price volatility due to such factors as market interest rates, market perception of the creditworthiness
        of the issuer and general market liquidity.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>U.S. Government Securities Risk. </I></B>No
        assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support in the future to U.S. government agencies, authorities
        or instrumentalities that are not supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Securities guaranteed as to principal and
        interest by the United States government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities include: (i) securities for which the
        payment of principal and interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by the U.S. government or any of its agencies,
        authorities or instrumentalities; and (ii) participations in loans made to non-U.S. governments or other entities that are so guaranteed.
        The secondary market for certain of these participations is limited and therefore may be regarded as illiquid.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Fixed-income securities risk.</I></B>
        A rise in interest rates typically causes bond prices to fall. The longer the average maturity or duration of the bonds held by
        a fund, the more sensitive it will likely be to interest-rate fluctuations. An issuer may not make all interest payments or repay
        all or any of the principal borrowed. Changes in a security&rsquo;s credit quality may adversely affect fund performance.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 1.45pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B><I>Lower-rated
        and high-yield fixed-income securities risk.</I></B> Lower-rated and high-yield fixed-income securities (junk bonds) are subject
        to greater credit quality risk, risk of default, and price volatility than higher-rated fixed-income securities, may be considered
        speculative, and can be difficult to resell.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 1.45pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B><I>Mortgage-backed
        and asset-backed securities risk.</I></B> Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are subject to different combinations of
        prepayment, extension, interest-rate, and other market risks.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0.75pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Equity securities risk.</I></B> The price of equity securities
        may decline due to changes in a company&rsquo;s financial condition or overall market conditions.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Liquidity and Restricted Securities Risk. </I></B>The Fund
        may invest up to 20% of its total assets in securities for which there is no readily available trading market or which are otherwise
        illiquid. The Fund may have significant exposure to restricted securities.&nbsp; Restricted securities are securities with restrictions
        on public resale, such as securities offered in accordance with an exemption under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the
        &ldquo;1933 Act&rdquo;), or commercial paper issued under Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act.&nbsp; Restricted securities are often
        required to be sold in private sales to institutional buyers, markets for restricted securities may or may not be well developed,
        and restricted securities can be illiquid.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The extent (if at all) to which
a security may be sold or a derivative position closed without negatively impacting its market value may be impaired by&nbsp;reduced
market activity or participation, legal restrictions, or other economic and market impediments. Liquidity risk may be magnified
in rising interest rate environments due to higher than normal redemption rates. Widespread selling of fixed-income securities
to satisfy redemptions during periods of reduced demand may adversely impact the price or salability of such securities. Periods </P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">of
                                         heavy redemption could cause the fund to sell assets at a loss or depressed value, which
                                         could negatively affect performance. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of
                                         declining or illiquid markets.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Non-U.S. Investment Risk.</I></B>
        As compared to U.S. companies, less information may be publicly available regarding foreign issuers. Non-U.S. securities may be
        subject to foreign taxes and may be more volatile than U.S. securities. The value of non-U.S. securities is subject to currency
        fluctuations and adverse political and economic developments. Investments in emerging-market countries are subject to greater levels
        of non-U.S. investment risk.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Sovereign Debt Obligations Risk.</I></B>
        An investment in debt obligations of non-U.S. governments and their political subdivisions (sovereign debt), whether denominated
        in U.S. dollars or a foreign currency, involves special risks that are not present in corporate debt obligations. The non-U.S.
        issuer of the sovereign debt or the non-U.S. governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling
        to repay principal or pay interest when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of
        economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt may be more volatile than prices of debt obligations of U.S. issuers.
        In the past, certain non-U.S. countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of
        principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their sovereign debt. A sovereign debtor&rsquo;s
        willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash
        flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange, the relative size
        of the debt service burden, the sovereign debtor&rsquo;s policy toward its principal international lenders and local political
        constraints. Sovereign debtors also may be dependent on expected disbursements from non-U.S. governments, multilateral agencies
        and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic
        reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation
        of third-party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor&rsquo;s ability or willingness
        to service its debts.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Brady Bonds Risk.</I></B>
Brady Bonds may involve a high degree of risk, may be in default or present the risk of default. Agreements implemented under
the Brady Plan to date are designed to achieve debt and debt-service reduction through specific options negotiated by a debtor
nation with its creditors. As a result, the financial packages offered by each country differ. These types of options have included
the exchange of outstanding commercial bank debt for bonds issued at 100% of face value of such debt, bonds issued at a discount
of face value of such debt, bonds bearing an interest rate which increases over time and bonds issued in exchange for the advancement
of new money by existing lenders. Certain Brady Bonds have been collateralized as to principal due at maturity by U.S. Treasury
zero coupon bonds with a maturity equal to the final maturity of such Brady Bonds, although the collateral is not available to
investors until the final maturity of the Brady Bonds. Collateral purchases are financed by the International Monetary Fund, the
World Bank and the debtor nations&rsquo; reserves. In addition, the first two or three interest payments on certain types of Brady
Bonds may be collateralized by cash or securities agreed upon by creditors. Although Brady Bonds may be collateralized by U.S.
government securities, repayment of principal and interest is not guaranteed by the U.S. government.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Reverse Repurchase Agreement Risk.</I></B>
        Reverse repurchase agreement transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities that the Fund is obligated to
        repurchase under such agreements may decline below the repurchase price. Any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities
        transferred to the other party or the securities in which the proceeds may be</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">invested would affect the market
value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets, thereby potentially increasing fluctuations in the market value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets.
In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Fund&rsquo;s
use of proceeds received under the agreement may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver,
whether to enforce the Fund&rsquo;s obligation to repurchase the securities. An event of default of insolvency of the counterparty
to a reverse repurchase agreement could result in delays or restrictions with respect to the Fund&rsquo;s ability to dispose of
the underlying securities, in addition, a reverse repurchase agreement may be considered a form of leverage and may, therefore,
increase fluctuations in the Fund&rsquo;s net asset value per share (NAV).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Warrants Risk</I>.</B> Warrants are
        rights to purchase securities at specific prices and are valid for a specific period of time. Warrant prices do not necessarily
        move parallel to the prices of the underlying securities, and warrant holders receive no dividends and have no voting rights or
        rights with respect to the assets of an issuer. The price of a warrant may be more volatile than the price of its underlying security,
        and a warrant may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss. Warrants cease to have value if not
        exercised prior to the expiration date. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Hedging, Derivatives and Other Strategic
        Transactions Risk.</I></B> Hedging, derivatives, and other strategic transactions may increase the volatility of the Fund and,
        if the transaction does not have the desired outcome, could result in a significant loss to the Fund. The use of derivative instruments
        could produce disproportionate gain or loss, more than the principal amount invested. Investing in derivative instruments involves
        risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional
        investments and, in a down market, could become harder to value or sell at a fair price. It is possible that government regulation
        of various types of derivative instruments would, upon implementation, impose limits on the maximum positions that could be held
        by a single trader in certain contracts and would subject some derivatives transactions to new forms of regulation that could create
        barriers to some types of investment activity. Regulatory changes in derivative markets could impact the cost of or the Fund&rsquo;s
        ability to engage in derivative transactions. The following is a list of certain derivatives and other strategic transactions in
        which the Fund may invest and the main risks associated with each of them:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Credit
        default swaps. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into closing transactions), interest-rate
        risk, settlement risk, risk of default of the underlying reference obligation and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal
        risks of engaging in transactions involving credit default swaps.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Foreign
        currency forward contracts. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into closing transactions),
        foreign currency risk and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving foreign currency
        forward contracts.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Foreign
        currency swaps. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into closing transactions), foreign
        currency risk and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving foreign currency
        swaps.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Futures
        contracts. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into closing transactions) and risk of
        disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving futures contracts.</P>
	</TD>
	</TR>
	</TABLE>
	<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; padding-right: 4.5pt; padding-left: 4.5pt">


        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Interest-rate
        swaps. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into closing transactions), interest-rate
        risk and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving interest-rate swaps.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Options
        and currency options. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into closing transactions)
        and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving options, including currency options.
        Counterparty risk does not apply to exchange-traded options.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 20.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><B>&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Swaps.
        </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into closing transactions), interest-rate risk,
        settlement risk, risk of default of the underlying reference obligation and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks
        of engaging in transactions involving swaps, including credit default swaps and total return swaps.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 20.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B><I>Given
the risks described above, an investment in Common Shares may not be appropriate for all investors.</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.6pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -14.4pt"><B><I>You
should carefully consider your ability to assume these risks before making an investment in the Fund.</I></B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_002"></A>Summary of Fund Expenses</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The purpose of the table below is to help
you understand all fees and expenses that you, as a Common Shareholder, would bear directly or indirectly. In accordance with SEC
requirements, the table below shows the Fund&rsquo;s expenses as a percentage of its average net assets as of October 31, 2018,
and not as a percentage of total assets. By showing expenses as a percentage of average net assets, expenses are not expressed
as a percentage of all of the assets in which the Fund invests. The offering costs to be paid or reimbursed by the Fund are not
included in the Annual Expenses table below. However, these expenses will be borne by Common Shareholders and may result in a reduction
in the NAV of the Common Shares. See &ldquo;Management of the Fund&rdquo; and &ldquo;Dividend Reinvestment Plan.&rdquo; The table
and example are based on the Fund&rsquo;s capital structure as of October 31, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 80%; padding: 4pt 5.05pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Shareholder Transaction Expenses</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.65pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sales load (as a percentage of offering price) <SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">_____%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.65pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Offering expenses (as a percentage of offering price) <SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">_____%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.65pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dividend Reinvestment Plan fees <SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">None</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Annual Expenses (Percentage of Net Assets Attributable to Common Shares)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.65pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management fees <SUP>(3)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.84%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.65pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest payments on borrowed funds<SUP>(4)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.39%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.65pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other expenses<SUP>(5)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.28%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.1pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total Annual Operating Expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.51%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.1pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contractual Expense Reimbursement <SUP>(6)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(0.01)%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 5.05pt 4pt 15.1pt; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -5.05pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.50%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 25%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.95pt">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If Common Shares are sold to or through underwriters, the Prospectus Supplement will set forth
any applicable sales load and the estimated offering expenses.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.95pt">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Participants in the Fund&rsquo;s dividend reinvestment plan do not pay brokerage charges with respect
to Common Shares issued directly by the Fund. However, whenever Common Shares are purchased or sold on the NYSE or otherwise on
the open market, each participant will pay a <I>pro rata </I>portion of brokerage trading fees, currently $0.05 per share purchased
or sold. Brokerage trading fees will be deducted from amounts to be invested. Shareholders participating in the Plan may buy additional
Common Shares of the Fund through the Plan at any time and will be charged a $5 transaction fee plus $0.05 per share brokerage
trading fee for each order. See &ldquo;Distribution Policy&rdquo; and &ldquo;Dividend Reinvestment Plan.&rdquo;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.95pt">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">See &ldquo;Management of the Fund&mdash;The Advisor.&rdquo;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.95pt">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Fund uses leverage by borrowing under a liquidity agreement. &ldquo;Interest payments on borrowed
funds&rdquo; includes all interest paid in connection with outstanding loans. See &ldquo;Other Investment Policies - Borrowing&rdquo;
and &ldquo;Use of Leverage by the Fund.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 15.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.95pt">(5) &ldquo;Other
expenses&rdquo; have been restated from fiscal year amounts to reflect current contractual fees and expenses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 15.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.95pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 15.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.95pt">(6) The
advisor contractually agrees to waive a portion of its management fee and/or reimburse expenses for the fund and certain other
John Hancock funds according to an asset level breakpoint schedule that is based on the aggregate net assets of all the funds participating
in the waiver or reimbursement. This waiver is allocated proportionally among the participating funds. During its most recent fiscal
year, the fund&rsquo;s reimbursement amounted to 0.01% of the fund&rsquo;s average daily net assets. This agreement expires on
June 30, 2020, unless renewed by mutual agreement of the fund and the advisor based upon a determination that this is appropriate
under the circumstances at that time.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 15.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.95pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>EXAMPLE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following example illustrates the expenses
that Common Shareholders would pay on a $1,000 investment in Common Shares, assuming (i) total annual expenses set forth above,
including any reimbursements through their current expiration date; (ii) a 5% annual return; and (iii) all distributions are reinvested
at NAV:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 85%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1
    Year</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>3
    Years</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>5
    Years</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>10&nbsp;Years</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total Expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$25</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$78</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$133</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$285</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The above table and example and the assumption
in the example of a 5% annual return are required by regulations of the SEC that are applicable to all investment companies; the
assumed 5% annual return is not a prediction of, and does not represent, the projected or actual performance of the Fund&rsquo;s
Common Shares. For more complete descriptions of certain of the Fund&rsquo;s costs and expenses, see &ldquo;Management of the Fund.&rdquo;
In addition, while the example assumes reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at NAV, participants in the Fund&rsquo;s
dividend reinvestment plan may receive Common Shares purchased or issued at a price or value different from NAV. See &ldquo;Distribution
Policy&rdquo; and &ldquo;Dividend Reinvestment Plan.&rdquo; The example does not include sales load or estimated offering costs,
which would cause the expenses shown in the example to increase.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>The example should not be considered
a representation of past or future expenses, and the Fund&rsquo;s actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. Moreover,
the Fund&rsquo;s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example.</B></P>


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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_003"></A>Financial Highlights</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This table details the financial performance
of the Common Shares, including total return information showing how much an investment in the Fund has increased or decreased
each period (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The financial statements of the Fund as
of October 31, 2018 have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (&ldquo;PwC&rdquo;), the Fund&rsquo;s independent registered
public accounting firm. The report of PwC is included, along with the Fund&rsquo;s financial statements, in the Fund&rsquo;s annual
report, which has been incorporated by reference into the SAI and is available upon request.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Common Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 42%; padding-right: 9pt; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Period
    ended</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-18</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-17</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-16</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-15</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-14</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Per
    share operating performance</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Net
    asset value, beginning of period</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$18.81</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$18.11</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$17.20</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.56</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.76</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    investment income<SUP>1</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.21</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.28</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.32</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.41</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.58</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt; text-indent: -7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.79)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.72</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.96</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2.28)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0.14)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Total
    from investment operations</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0.58)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.00</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.28</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0.87)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.44</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Less
    distributions</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">From
    net investment income</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.24)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.30)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.39)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.49)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.64)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Anti-dilutive
    impact of repurchase plan</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.02<SUP>2</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Anti-dilutive
    impact of shelf offering</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;<SUP>3</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Net
    asset value, end of period</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$16.99</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$18.81</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$18.11</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$17.20</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.56</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Per
    share market value, end of period</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$15.51</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$17.87</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$16.73</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$15.20</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.06</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Total
    return at net asset value (%)</B><SUP>4,5</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2.74)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;11.87</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;14.95</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3.85)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7.65</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Total
    return at market value (%)</B><SUP>4</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6.54)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;15.05</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;20.17</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;(12.80)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7.40</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;Ratios
    and supplemental data</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    assets, end of period (in millions)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$148</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$164</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$158</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$151</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$172</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Ratios
    (as a percentage of average net assets):</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Expenses
    before reductions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.52</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.95</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.79</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.54</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.38</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Expenses
    including reductions<SUP>6</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.51</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.94</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.78</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.53</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.37</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    investment income</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6.76</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6.96</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7.75</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7.70</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7.94</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Portfolio
    turnover (%)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;52</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;53</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;62</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;74</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;71</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;Senior
    securities</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt; text-indent: -7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Total
    debt outstanding end of period (in millions)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$87</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$87</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$87</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$87</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$87</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Asset
    coverage per $1,000 of debt<SUP>7</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$2,702</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$2,884</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$2,814</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$2,741</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$2,979</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-right: 3pt; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 99%; padding-left: 3pt; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based on average daily shares outstanding.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The repurchase plan was completed at an average repurchase price of $13.99 for 84,400 shares for the period ended 10-31-16.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less than $0.005 per share.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total return based on net asset value reflects changes in the fund&rsquo;s net asset value during each period. Total return based on market value reflects changes in market value. Each figure assumes that distributions from income, capital gains and tax return of capital, if any, were reinvested.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">5</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total returns would have been lower had certain expenses not been reduced during the applicable periods.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">6</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expenses including reductions excluding interest expense were 1.12%, 1.06%, 1.16%, 1.06% and 1.05% for the periods ended 10-31-18, 10-31-17, 10-31-16, 10-31-15 and 10-31-14, respectively. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">7</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Asset coverage equals the total net assets plus borrowings divided by the borrowings of the fund outstanding at period end (Note 8). As debt outstanding changes, the level of invested assets may change accordingly. Asset coverage ratio provides a measure of leverage.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 42%; padding-right: 9pt; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>COMMON
    SHARES Period ended</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-13</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-12</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-11</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding: 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-10</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>10-31-09</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;Per
    share operating performance</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Net
    asset value, beginning of period</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$20.44</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.19</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$20.11</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$18.03</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$14.51</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    investment income<SUP>1</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.61</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.88</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.93</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.15</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.70</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt; text-indent: -7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0.59)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.30</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0.88)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.51</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Total
    from investment operations</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.02</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.18</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.05</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4.15</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.21</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Less
    distributions to common shareholders</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">From
    net investment income</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.71)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.94)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.97)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2.07)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1.69)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Anti-dilutive
    impact of shelf offering</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.01</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.01</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Net
    asset value, end of period</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.76</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$20.44</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.19</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$20.11</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$18.03</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Per
    share market value, end of period</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$19.30</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$22.24</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$21.82</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$21.13</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>$17.73</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Total
    return at net asset value (%)</B><SUP>2</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.09</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;16.14</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;4.90</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;23.81</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;39.26</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Total
    return at market value (%)</B><SUP>2</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5.66)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;11.13</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;13.52</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;32.29</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;47.62</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;Ratios
    and supplemental data</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    assets applicable to common shares, end of period (in millions)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$173</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$176</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$164</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$171</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$152</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Ratios
    (as a percentage of average net assets):</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Expenses<SUP>3</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.41</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.57</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.62</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.93</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.43</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Net
    investment income</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;8.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;9.65</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;9.63</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.33</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.34</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Portfolio
    turnover (%)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;61</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;56</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;45</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;71</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;72</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(229,229,229)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>&nbsp;Senior
    securities</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 9pt 4pt 7.6pt; text-indent: -7.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Total
    debt outstanding end of period (in millions)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$86</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$86</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$88</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$80</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$67</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Asset
    coverage per $1,000 of debt<SUP>4</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$3,013</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$3,054</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$2,871</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">&nbsp;$3,136</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">$3,268&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 9pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: #D8D8D8 1pt solid; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-right: 3pt; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 99%; padding-left: 3pt; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based on average daily shares outstanding.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total return based on net asset value reflects changes in the fund&rsquo;s net asset value during each period. Total return based on market value reflects changes in market value. Each figure assumes that dividend and capital gain distributions, if any, were reinvested. These figures will differ depending upon the level of any discount from or premium to net asset value at which the fund&rsquo;s shares traded during the period.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expenses excluding interest were 1.07%, 1.07%, 1.04%, 1.12% and 1.43% for the periods ended 10-31-13, 10-31-12, 10-31-11, 10-31-10 and 10-31-09, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 4pt; padding-left: 3pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Asset coverage equals the total net assets plus borrowings divided by the borrowings of the fund outstanding at period end (Note 7). As debt outstanding changes, level of invested assets may change accordingly. Asset coverage ratio provides a measure of leverage.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_004"></A>Market and Net Asset Value
Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s currently outstanding Common
Shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (&ldquo;NYSE&rdquo;) under the symbol &ldquo;JHI&rdquo; and commenced trading
on the NYSE in 1971.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares have traded
both at a premium and at a discount to its net asset value (&ldquo;NAV&rdquo;). The Fund cannot predict whether its shares will
trade in the future at a premium or discount to NAV. The provisions of the 1940 Act generally require that the public offering
price of common shares (less any underwriting commissions and discounts) must equal or exceed the NAV per share of a company&rsquo;s
common stock (calculated within 48 hours of pricing). The Fund&rsquo;s issuance of Common Shares may have an adverse effect on
prices in the secondary market for Common Shares by increasing the number of Common Shares available, which may put downward pressure
on the market price for Common Shares. Shares of common stock of closed-end investment companies frequently trade at a discount
from NAV. See &ldquo;Risk Factors&mdash;General Risks&mdash;Market Discount Risk&rdquo; and &ldquo;&mdash;Secondary Market for
the Common Shares.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth for each
of the periods indicated the high and low closing market prices for Common Shares on the NYSE, and the corresponding NAV per share
and the premium or discount to NAV per share at which the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares were trading as of such date. NAV is determined
once daily as of the close of regular trading of the NYSE (typically 4:00 P.M., Eastern Time). See &ldquo;Determination of Net
Asset Value&rdquo; for information as to the determination of the Fund&rsquo;s NAV.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Market
                                         Price</B></P></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>NAV
                                         per Share on</B></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Date
                                         of Market Price</B></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>High
                                         and Low</B></P></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Premium/(Discount)
                                         on</B></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Date
                                         of Market Price</B></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>High
                                         and Low</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">Fiscal Quarter Ended</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">High</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Low</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">High</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Low</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">High</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Low</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 26%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">January 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.19</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">15.94</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.86</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.56</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(3.75</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(9.23</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">April 30, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.68</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">16.49</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.59</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.77</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(4.75</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(7.20</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">July 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.29</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.15</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.87</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.41</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(2.92</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(7.25</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">October 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.85</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.65</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.98</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.62</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">0.43</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(5.61</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">January 31, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.93</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.19</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.81</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.35</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(4.68</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(6.32</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">April 30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.46</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">16.45</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">18.44</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.66</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(5.31</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(6.85</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">July 31, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">16.48</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">15.86</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.65</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.3&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(6.63</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(8.32</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">October 31, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">16.59</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">15.51</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">17.72</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">16.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(6.38</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(8.71</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">January 31, 2019</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">15.61</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">13.60</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">16.98</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">15.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(8.07</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt">(14.95</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 4pt">)%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The last reported sale price, NAV per share and percentage discount
to NAV per share of the Common Shares as of February 19, 2019 were $15.48, $17.28 and 10.42%, respectively. As of February 19,
2019, the Fund had 8,707,025  Common Shares outstanding and net assets of the Fund were $150,417,789.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_005"></A>The Fund</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund was organized on October 26, 1970 as a Delaware corporation and was
reorganized on October 5, 1984 as a Massachusetts business trust pursuant to an Agreement and Declaration of Trust (as amended
and restated from time to time, the &ldquo;Declaration of Trust&rdquo;). The Fund commenced operations following an initial public
offering on January 29, 1971, pursuant to which the Fund issued an aggregate of 5,500,000 Common Shares of beneficial interest,
$1.00 par value. The Fund&rsquo;s principal office is located at 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116 and its phone
number is 800-225-6020.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following provides information about
the Fund&rsquo;s outstanding securities as of October 31, 2018.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 57%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B><U>Title of Class</U></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 11%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Amount</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Authorized</U></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Amount Held by</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>the Fund or for</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>its Account</U></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Amount</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Outstanding</U></B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common Shares, no par value</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unlimited</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,707,025</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_006"></A>Use of Proceeds</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Subject to the remainder of this section,
and unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Fund currently intends to invest substantially all of the net proceeds
of any sales of Common Shares pursuant to this Prospectus in accordance with its investment objectives and policies as described
under &ldquo;Investment Objectives&rdquo; and &ldquo;Investment Strategies&rdquo; within three months of receipt of such proceeds.
Such investments may be delayed up to three months if suitable investments are unavailable at the time or for other reasons, such
as market volatility and lack of liquidity in the markets of suitable investments. Pending such investment, the Fund anticipates
that it will invest the proceeds in short-term money market instruments, securities with remaining maturities of less than one
year, cash or cash equivalents. A delay in the anticipated use of proceeds could lower returns and reduce the Fund&rsquo;s distribution
to Common Shareholders or result in a distribution consisting principally of a return of capital.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_007"></A>Investment Objectives</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s primary investment objective
is to generate income for distribution to its shareholders, with capital appreciation as a secondary objective. There can be no
assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives. The Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives are not fundamental policies
and may be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the
Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_008"></A>Investment Strategies</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The preponderance of the Fund&rsquo;s assets
are invested in a diversified portfolio of debt securities issued by U.S. and non-U.S. corporations and governments, some of which
may carry equity features. The Fund emphasizes corporate debt securities which pay interest on a fixed or contingent basis and
which may possess certain equity features, such as conversion or exchange rights, warrants for the acquisition of the stock of
the same or different issuers, or participations based on revenues, sales or profits. The Fund also may purchase preferred securities
and may acquire common stock through the exercise of conversion or exchange rights acquired in connection with other securities
owned by the Fund. The Fund will not acquire any additional preferred securities or common stock if as a result of that acquisition
the value of all preferred securities and common stocks in the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio would exceed 20% of its total assets. Up
to 50% of the value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets may be invested in restricted securities acquired through private placements. The
Fund may purchase mortgage-backed securities. The Fund also may purchase and sell derivative instruments, including foreign currency
forward contracts, foreign currency swaps, futures contracts, swaps, including credit-default swaps and interest-rate swaps, and
options, including currency options. In addition, the Fund may invest in repurchase agreements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At least 30% of Fund&rsquo;s net assets
(plus borrowings for investment purposes) will be represented by (a) debt securities which are rated, at the time of acquisition,
investment grade (<I>i.e.</I>, at least &ldquo;Baa&rdquo; by Moody&rsquo;s Investors Service, Inc. (&ldquo;Moody&rsquo;s&rdquo;)
or &ldquo;BBB&rdquo; by Standard &amp; Poor&rsquo;s Ratings Services (&ldquo;S&amp;P&rdquo;)) or in unrated securities determined
by the Subadvisor to be of comparable credit quality, (b) securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies
and instrumentalities, and (c) cash or cash equivalents. The remaining 70% of the Fund&rsquo;s net assets (plus borrowings for
investment purposes) may be invested in debt securities of any credit quality, including securities rated below investment grade
(<I>i.e.</I>, rated &ldquo;Ba&rdquo; or lower by Moody&rsquo;s or &ldquo;BB&rdquo; or lower by S&amp;P). Debt securities of below
investment grade quality are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer&rsquo;s ability
to pay interest and repay principal and are commonly referred to as &ldquo;junk bonds&rdquo; or &ldquo;high yield securities.&rdquo;
While the Fund focuses on intermediate- and longer-term debt securities, the Fund may acquire securities of any maturity and is
not subject to any limits as to the average maturity of its overall portfolio.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Securities rated &ldquo;BBB&rdquo; by S&amp;P
are regarded by S&amp;P as having an adequate capacity to pay interest or dividends and repay capital or principal, as the case
may be; whereas such securities normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances
are more likely, in the opinion of S&amp;P, to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest or dividends and repay capital or principal
for securities in this category than in higher rating categories. Securities rated &ldquo;Baa&rdquo; by Moody&rsquo;s are considered
by Moody&rsquo;s as medium to lower medium grade securities; they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured; interest or
dividend payments and capital or principal security, as the case may be, appear to Moody&rsquo;s to be adequate for the present
but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over time; and, in the opinion of Moody&rsquo;s,
securities in this rating</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">category lack outstanding investment characteristics
and in fact have speculative characteristics as well. Below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities involve
substantial risk of loss, are considered highly speculative with respect to the issuer&rsquo;s ability to pay interest and any
required redemption or principal payments and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and
business developments. Securities rated Ba or BB may face significant ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial
or economic conditions that could lead to the issuer being unable to meet its financial commitments. The protection of interest
and principal may be moderate and not well safeguarded during both good and bad times. Securities rated B generally lack the characteristics
of a desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments over the long term may be low, and such securities are
more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB or Ba. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair
the issuer&rsquo;s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments. The descriptions of the investment grade rating categories
by Moody&rsquo;s and S&amp;P, including a description of their speculative characteristics, are set forth in the SAI. All references
to securities ratings by Moody&rsquo;s and S&amp;P in this Prospectus shall, unless otherwise indicated, include all securities
within each such rating category (<I>e.g.</I>, &ldquo;Baa1&rdquo;, &ldquo;Baa2&rdquo; and &ldquo;Baa3&rdquo; in the case of Moody&rsquo;s
and &ldquo;BBB+&rdquo;, &ldquo;BBB&rdquo; and &ldquo;BBB-&rdquo; in the case of S&amp;P). All percentage and ratings limitations
on securities in which the Fund may invest apply at the time of making an investment and shall not be considered violated if an
investment rating is subsequently downgraded to a rating that would have precluded the Fund&rsquo;s initial investment in such
security. In the event of such security downgrade, the Fund will sell the portfolio security as soon as the Subadvisor believes
it to be prudent to do so in order to again cause the Fund to be within the percentage and ratings limitations set forth in this
Prospectus. In the event that the Fund disposes of a portfolio security subsequent to its being downgraded, the Fund may experience
a greater risk of loss than if such security had been sold prior to such downgrade.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In managing the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio,
the Subadvisor concentrates first on sector selection by deciding which types of bonds and industries to emphasize at a given time,
and then which individual bonds to buy. When making sector and industry allocations, the Subadvisor tries to anticipate shifts
in the business cycle, using top-down analysis to determine which sectors and industries may benefit over the next 12 months. In
choosing individual securities, the Subadvisor uses bottom-up research to find securities that appear comparatively undervalued.
The Subadvisor looks at bonds of all quality levels and maturities from many different issuers, potentially including U.S. dollar-denominated
securities of foreign corporations and governments. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Corporate debt securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund invests in corporate debt obligations.
Corporate debt obligations are subject to the risk of an issuer&rsquo;s inability to meet principal and interest payments on the
obligations and also may be subject to price volatility due to such factors as market interest rates, market perception of the
creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>U.S. government and foreign government securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">U.S. government securities in which the
Fund invests include debt obligations of varying maturities issued by the U.S. Treasury or issued or guaranteed by an agency or
instrumentality of the U.S. government. U.S. government securities include securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government
or its authorities, agencies, or instrumentalities. Foreign government securities include securities issued or guaranteed by foreign
governments (including political subdivisions) or their authorities, agencies, or instrumentalities or by supra-national agencies.
Different kinds of U.S. government securities and foreign government securities have different kinds of government support. For
example, some U.S. government securities (<I>e.g.</I>, U.S. Treasury bills, Treasury notes and Treasury bonds, which differ only
in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance) are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Other U.S. government
securities are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or government-chartered or -sponsored enterprises, but are neither guaranteed
nor insured by the U.S. government (<I>e.g.</I>, debt securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (&ldquo;Freddie
Mac&rdquo;), Federal National Mortgage Association (&ldquo;Fannie Mae&rdquo;), and Federal Home Loan Banks (&ldquo;FHLBs&rdquo;)).
Others may be supported by: (i) the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (ii) the discretionary authority of
the U.S. government to purchase the agency&rsquo;s obligations; or (iii) only the credit of the issuer. Similarly, some foreign
government securities are supported by the full faith and credit of a foreign national government or political subdivision and
some are not. Foreign government securities of some countries may involve varying degrees of credit risk as a result of financial
or political instability in those countries and the possible inability</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">of the Fund to enforce its rights against
the foreign government issuer. As with other fixed-income securities, sovereign issuers may be unable or unwilling to make timely
principal or interest payments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Supra-national agencies are agencies whose
member nations make capital contributions to support the agencies&rsquo; activities, and include the International Bank for Reconstruction
and Development (the &ldquo;World Bank&rdquo;), the Asian Development Bank, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the Inter-American
Development Bank.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Like other fixed-income securities, U.S.
government securities are subject to market risk and their market values typically will change as interest rates fluctuate. For
example, the value of the Fund&rsquo;s investment in U.S. government securities may fall during times of rising interest rates.
Yields on U.S. government securities tend to be lower than those of corporate securities of comparable maturities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition to investing directly in U.S.
government securities and foreign government securities, the Fund may purchase certificates of accrual or similar instruments evidencing
undivided ownership interests in interest payments and/or principal payments of U.S. government securities and foreign government
securities. Certificates of accrual and similar instruments may be more volatile than other government securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Mortgage-backed securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities
which represent participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans which are guaranteed by agencies or
instrumentalities of the U.S. government. Unlike conventional debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities provide monthly payments
derived from the monthly interest and principal payments (including any prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled
mortgage loans. The mortgage loans underlying mortgage-backed securities are generally subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments
in a declining interest rate environment and to a lesser rate of principal prepayments in an increasing interest rate environment.
Under certain interest and prepayment scenarios, the Fund may fail to recover the full amount of its investment in mortgage-backed
securities notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental or agency guarantee. Since faster than expected prepayments must
usually be invested in lower yielding securities, mortgage-backed securities are less effective than conventional bonds in &ldquo;locking
in&rdquo; a specified interest rate. In a rising interest rate environment, a declining prepayment rate may extend the average
life of many mortgage-backed securities. Extending the average life of a mortgage-backed security increases the risk of depreciation
due to future increases in market interest rates. Government-sponsored entities such as the FHLMC, FNMA and FHLB, although chartered
or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by congressional appropriations and the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by
them are neither guaranteed nor issued by the U.S. government.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s investments in mortgage-backed
securities may include conventional mortgage pass through securities and certain classes of multiple class collateralized mortgage
obligations (&ldquo;CMOs&rdquo;). In order to reduce the risk of prepayment for investors, CMOs are issued in multiple classes,
each having different maturities, interest rates, payment schedules and allocations of principal and interest on the underlying
mortgages. Senior CMO classes will typically have priority over residual CMO classes as to the receipt of principal and/or interest
payments on the underlying mortgages. The CMO classes in which the Fund may invest include but are not limited to sequential and
parallel pay CMOs, including planned amortization class (&ldquo;PAC&rdquo;) and target amortization class (&ldquo;TAC&rdquo;) securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Different types of mortgage-backed securities
are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Conventional mortgage
pass through securities and sequential pay CMOs are subject to all of these risks, but are typically not leveraged. PACs, TACs
and other senior classes of sequential and parallel pay CMOs involve less exposure to prepayment, extension and interest rate risk
than other mortgage-backed securities, provided that prepayment rates remain within expected prepayment ranges or &ldquo;collars.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Illiquid securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest up to 20% of its total
assets in illiquid securities (<I>i.e.</I>, securities that are not readily marketable). For this purpose, &ldquo;illiquid securities&rdquo;
may include certain securities that are not registered (&ldquo;restricted securities&rdquo;) under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended (the &ldquo;1933 Act&rdquo;), including commercial paper issued in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act and
securities offered and sold to &ldquo;qualified institutional buyers&rdquo; under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. If the Board of
Trustees (the &ldquo;Board&rdquo;) determines, based upon a continuing review of the trading markets for specific Section 4(a)(2)
commercial paper or Rule 144A securities, that these instruments are liquid, they will not be subject to the 20% limit on illiquid
investments. The Board has adopted guidelines and delegated to the</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Advisor the daily function of determining
the monitoring and liquidity of restricted securities. The Board will, however, retain sufficient oversight and be ultimately responsible
for these determinations. The Board will carefully monitor the Fund&rsquo;s investments in these securities, focusing on such important
factors, among others, as valuation, liquidity and availability of information. This investment practice could have the effect
of increasing the level of illiquidity in the Fund if qualified institutional buyers become for a time uninterested in purchasing
these restricted securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Repurchase agreements maturing in more than
seven days are considered illiquid, unless an agreement can be terminated after a notice period of seven days or less.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As long as the SEC maintains the position
that most swap contracts, caps, floors, and collars are illiquid, the Fund will continue to designate these instruments as illiquid
for purposes of its 20% illiquid limitation unless the instrument includes a termination clause or has been determined to be liquid
based on a case-by-case analysis pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Equity securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets
in preferred securities and common stocks. The Fund may purchase preferred securities and may acquire common stock through the
exercise of conversion or exchange rights acquired in connection with other securities owned by the Fund. The Fund normally will
invest in such securities when the Subadvisor believes that they will provide a sufficiently high yield to attain the Fund&rsquo;s
investment objectives. The Fund also may purchase income producing securities which are convertible into or come with rights to
purchase preferred securities and common stocks.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Fixed rate preferred securities have fixed
dividend rates. They can be perpetual, with no mandatory redemption date, or issued with a fixed mandatory redemption date. Certain
issues of preferred securities are convertible into other equity securities. Perpetual preferred securities provide a fixed dividend
throughout the life of the issue, with no mandatory retirement provisions, but may be callable. Sinking fund preferred securities
provide for the redemption of a portion of the issue on a regularly scheduled basis with, in most cases, the entire issue being
retired as of a future date. The value of fixed rate preferred securities can be expected to vary inversely with interest rates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Adjustable rate preferred securities have
a variable dividend rate which is determined periodically, typically quarterly, according to a formula based on a specified premium
or discount to the yield on particular U.S. Treasury securities, typically the highest base-rate yield of one of three U.S. Treasury
securities: the 90-day Treasury bill; the 10-year Treasury note; and either the 20-year or 30-year Treasury bond or other index.
The premium or discount to be added to or subtracted from this base-rate yield is fixed at the time of issuance and cannot be changed
without the approval of the holders of the adjustable rate preferred securities. Some adjustable rate preferred securities have
a maximum and a minimum rate and in some cases are convertible into common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Auction rate preferred securities pay dividends
that adjust based upon periodic auctions. Such preferred securities are similar to short-term corporate money market instruments
in that an auction rate preferred stockholder has the opportunity to sell the preferred securities at its liquidation value in
an auction, normally conducted at least every 49 days, through which buyers set the dividend rate in a bidding process for the
next period. The dividend rate set in the auction depends upon market conditions and the credit quality of the particular issuer.
Typically, the auction rate preferred securities&rsquo; dividend rate is limited to a specified maximum percentage of an external
commercial paper index as of the auction date. Further, the terms of auction rate preferred securities generally provide that they
are redeemable by the issuer at certain times or under certain conditions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Common stocks are shares of a corporation
or other entity that entitle the holder to a <I>pro rata </I>share of the profits, if any, of the corporation without preference
over any other shareholder or class of shareholders, including holders of such entity&rsquo;s preferred securities and other senior
equity securities. Common stock usually carries with it the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so. In selecting
common stocks for investment, the Fund expects generally to focus more on the security&rsquo;s dividend paying capacity than on
its potential for capital appreciation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Non-U.S. securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">While the Fund primarily invests in the
securities of United States issuers, the Fund may invest in securities of corporate and governmental issuers located outside the U.S.,
including emerging market issuers. The Fund may invest up to 30% of its total assets in securities that are denominated in foreign
currencies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Sovereign debt obligations</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations,
which involve special risks that are not present in corporate debt obligations. The foreign issuer of the sovereign debt or the
foreign governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest
when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market
prices of sovereign debt, and the Fund&rsquo;s NAV, to the extent it invests in such securities, may be more volatile than prices
of debt obligations of U.S. issuers. In the past, certain foreign countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt
obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their
sovereign debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Money market instruments</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Money market instruments include short-term
U.S. government securities, U.S. dollar-denominated, high quality commercial paper (unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations
to finance their short-term credit needs), certificates of deposit, bankers&rsquo; acceptances and repurchase agreements relating
to any of the foregoing. U.S. government securities include Treasury notes, bonds and bills, which are direct obligations of the
U.S. government backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S., and securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the
U.S. government, which may be guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, may be supported by the issuer&rsquo;s right to borrow from the
U.S. Treasury or may be backed only by the credit of the U.S. federal agency or instrumentality itself.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Hedging and interest rate transactions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may, but is not required to, use
various hedging and interest rate transactions described below to mitigate risks or facilitate portfolio management. Such transactions
are regularly used by many mutual funds and other institutional investors. Although the Subadvisor seeks to use these practices
to further the Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives, no assurance can be given that these practices will achieve this result.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may purchase and sell derivative
instruments such as exchange-listed and over-the-counter put and call options on securities, financial futures, fixed-income, interest
rate and equity indices, and other financial instruments, purchase and sell financial futures contracts and options thereon, and
enter into various interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or collars or credit transactions and credit default
swaps. The Fund also may purchase derivative instruments that combine features of these instruments. Collectively, all of the above
are referred to as &ldquo;Strategic Transactions.&rdquo; The Fund generally seeks to use Strategic Transactions as a portfolio
management or hedging technique to seek to protect against possible adverse changes in the market value of securities held in or
to be purchased for the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio, protect the value of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio, facilitate the sale of certain
securities for investment purposes, manage the effective interest rate exposure of the Fund, including the effective yield paid
on any preferred shares issued by the Fund, manage the effective maturity or duration of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio or establish
positions in the derivatives markets as a temporary substitute for purchasing or selling particular securities. The Fund does not
engage in these transactions for speculative purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Strategic Transactions have risks, including
the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets, the possible default of the other party
to the transaction or illiquidity of the derivative instruments. Furthermore, the ability to use Strategic Transactions depends
on the Subadvisor&rsquo;s ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. Thus, the use to the benefit
of the Fund of Strategic Transactions may result in a loss greater than if they had not been used, may require the Fund to sell
or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount of appreciation
the Fund can realize on an investment or may cause the Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell. Additionally, amounts
paid by the Fund as premiums and cash or other assets held in margin accounts with respect to Strategic Transactions are not otherwise
available to the Fund for investment purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A more complete discussion of Strategic
Transactions and their risks is contained in the SAI.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>TEMPORARY DEFENSIVE STRATEGIES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">There may be times when, in the Subadvisor&rsquo;s
judgment, conditions in the securities markets would make pursuit of the Fund&rsquo;s investment strategy inconsistent with achievement
of the Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives. At such times, the Subadvisor may employ alternative strategies primarily to seek to
reduce fluctuations in the value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In implementing these temporary defensive
strategies, depending on the circumstances, the Fund may invest an unlimited portion of its portfolio in short-term money market
instruments, securities with remaining maturities of less than one year, cash or cash equivalents. It is impossible to predict
when, or for how long, the Fund may use these alternative strategies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>ADDITIONAL PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Structured securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in structured securities
including notes, bonds or debentures, the value of the principal of and/or interest on which is to be determined by reference to
changes in the value of specific currencies, interest rates, commodities, indices or other financial indicators (the &ldquo;Reference&rdquo;)
or the relative change in two or more References. The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption
may be increased or decreased depending upon changes in the applicable Reference. The terms of the structured securities may provide
that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity and, therefore, may result in the loss of the Fund&rsquo;s investment.
Structured securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the Reference may produce an increase or
decrease in the interest rate or value of the security at maturity. In addition, the change in interest rate or the value of the
security at maturity may be a multiple of the change in the value of the Reference. Consequently, structured securities entail
a greater degree of market risk than other types of debt obligations. Structured securities also may be more volatile, less liquid
and more difficult to price accurately than less complex fixed-income investments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>When-Issued and Forward Commitment Securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued
or forward commitment basis. &ldquo;When-issued&rdquo; refers to securities whose terms are available and for which a market exists,
but which have not been issued. The Fund will engage in when-issued transactions with respect to securities purchased for its portfolio
in order to obtain what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of the transaction. For when-issued transactions,
no payment is made until delivery is due, often a month or more after the purchase. In a forward commitment transaction, the Fund
contracts to purchase securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">When the Fund engages in a forward commitment
or when-issued transaction, the Fund relies on the issuer or seller to consummate the transaction. The failure of the issuer or
seller to consummate the transaction may result in the Fund losing the opportunity to obtain a price and yield considered to be
advantageous. The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis also involves a risk of loss if the value
of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On the date that the Fund enters into an
agreement to purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, the Fund will segregate in a separate account cash
or liquid securities, of any type or maturity, equal in value to the Fund&rsquo;s commitment. These assets will be valued daily
at market, and additional cash or securities will be segregated in a separate account to the extent that the total value of the
assets in the account declines below the amount of the when-issued commitments. Alternatively, the Fund may enter into offsetting
contracts for the forward sale of other securities that it owns.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Repurchase agreements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements.
In a repurchase agreement the Fund would buy a security for a relatively short period (usually not more than 7 days) subject to
the obligation to sell it back to the seller at a fixed time and price plus accrued interest. The Fund will enter into repurchase
agreements only with member banks of the Federal Reserve System and with &ldquo;primary dealers&rdquo; in U.S. government securities.
When the Fund enters into a repurchase agreement, it receives collateral which is held in a segregated account by the Fund&rsquo;s
custodian. The collateral amount is marked-to-market and monitored on a daily basis to ensure that the collateral held is in an
amount not less than the principal amount of the repurchase agreement plus any accrued interest. In the event of a default by the
counterparty, realization of the collateral proceeds could be delayed, during which time the collateral value may decline.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Reverse repurchase agreements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may enter into &ldquo;reverse&rdquo;
repurchase agreements. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, and related guidance of the SEC and its staff, under a reverse
repurchase agreement, a fund may sell a debt security and agree to</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">repurchase it at an agreed upon time and
at an agreed upon price. The Fund maintains liquid assets such as cash, Treasury bills or other U.S. government securities having
an aggregate value equal to the amount of such commitment to repurchase including accrued interest, until payment is made. A reverse
repurchase agreement may be considered a form of leveraging and may increase fluctuations in a fund&rsquo;s NAV per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund intends to use reverse repurchase
agreements to obtain investment leverage either alone and/or pursuant to the LA. To the extent permitted under the LA, in a reverse
repurchase transaction, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party in return for cash.
At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time and price, which reflects an interest payment.
The value of the portfolio securities transferred may substantially exceed the purchase price received by the Fund under the reverse
repurchase agreement transaction and, during the life of the reverse repurchase agreement transaction, the Fund may be required
to transfer additional securities if the market value of those securities initially transferred declines. In engaging in a reverse
repurchase transaction, the Fund may transfer (&ldquo;sell&rdquo;) any of its portfolio securities to a broker-dealer, bank or
another financial institution counterparty. Each such counterparty must be approved by the Fund. In accordance with guidance from
the SEC and its staff from time to time in effect, the Fund will pledge, earmark or segregate liquid assets equal to repayment
obligations under the reverse repurchase agreements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Reverse repurchase agreements involve the
risk that the market value of securities purchased by the Fund with proceeds of the transaction may decline below the repurchase
price of the securities sold by the Fund which it is obligated to repurchase. The Fund also will continue to be subject to the
risk of a decline in the market value of the securities sold under the agreements because it will reacquire those securities upon
effecting their repurchase. The Fund may designate any or all securities as ineligible for reverse repurchase transactions with
any counterparty, whether or not such securities are currently the subject of any such transaction, for any reason. Under the procedures
established by the Trustees, the Advisor will monitor the creditworthiness of the Fund&rsquo;s reverse repurchase agreement counterparties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Asset-backed securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in asset-backed securities.
Asset-backed securities are often subject to more rapid repayment than their stated maturity date would indicate as a result of
the pass-through of prepayments of principal on the underlying loans. During periods of declining interest rates, prepayment of
loans underlying asset-backed securities can be expected to accelerate. Accordingly, the Fund&rsquo;s ability to maintain positions
in these securities will be affected by reductions in the principal amount of such securities resulting from prepayments, and its
ability to reinvest the returns of principal at comparable yields is subject to generally prevailing interest rates at that time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Brady Bonds</B></P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in Brady Bonds and other
sovereign debt securities of countries that have restructured or are in the process of restructuring sovereign debt pursuant to
the Brady Plan. Brady Bonds are debt securities described as part of a restructuring plan created by U.S. Treasury Secretary Nicholas
F. Brady in 1989 as a mechanism for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external indebtedness (generally, commercial
bank debt). In restructuring its external debt under the Brady Plan framework, a debtor nation negotiates with its existing bank
lenders as well as multilateral institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (the &ldquo;IMF&rdquo;).
The Brady Plan facilitates the exchange of commercial bank debt for newly issued bonds (known as Brady Bonds). The World Bank and
the IMF provide funds pursuant to loan agreements or other arrangements which enable the debtor nation to collateralize the new
Brady Bonds or to repurchase outstanding bank debt at a discount. Under these arrangements the IMF debtor nations are required
to implement domestic monetary and fiscal reforms. These reforms have included the liberalization of trade and foreign investment,
the privatization of state-owned enterprises and the setting of targets for public spending and borrowing. These policies and programs
seek to promote the debtor country&rsquo;s ability to service its external obligations and promote its economic growth and development.
The Brady Plan only sets forth general guiding principles for economic reform and debt reduction, emphasizing that solutions must
be negotiated on a case-by-case basis between debtor nations and their creditors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Other investment companies</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in the securities of
other investment companies to the extent that such investments are consistent with the Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives and
policies and permissible under the 1940 Act. As a stockholder in an investment company, the Fund will bear its ratable share of
that investment company&rsquo;s expenses, and would remain</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">subject to payment of the Fund&rsquo;s investment
management fees and other expenses with respect to the assets so invested. Common Shareholders would therefore be subject to duplicative
expenses to the extent the Fund invests in other investment companies. In addition, these other investment companies may utilize
leverage, in which case an investment would subject the Fund to additional risks associated with leverage. See &ldquo;Risk Factors&mdash;Leverage
Risk.&rdquo; The Fund, as a holder of the securities of other investment companies, will bear its <I>pro rata </I>portion of the
other investment companies&rsquo; expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses are in addition to the direct expenses of the
Fund&rsquo;s own operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Borrowing</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may use leverage to the extent
permitted by the 1940 Act, this Prospectus, and the LA. The Fund is authorized to utilize leverage through borrowings, reinvestment
of securities lending collateral or reverse repurchase agreement proceeds, and/or the issuance of preferred shares, including the
issuance of debt securities. The Fund is party to the LA as described in &ldquo;&mdash;Description of Capital Structure&mdash;Liquidity
Facility.&rdquo; Borrowings, together with the issuance of preferred shares, or other &ldquo;senior securities&rdquo; as that term
is defined in the 1940 Act, may not be in an aggregate amount that would, immediately after giving effect to the drawdown, exceed
33<SUP>1/3</SUP>% of the Fund&rsquo;s total assets (including any assets attributable to financial leverage from senior securities)
minus the sum of accrued liabilities (other than liabilities from senior securities).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Portfolio turnover</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may engage in short-term trading
strategies, and securities may be sold without regard to the length of time held when, in the opinion of the Subadvisor, investment
considerations warrant such action. Short term trading may have the effect of increasing portfolio turnover rate. A high turnover
rate (100% or more) necessarily involves greater trading costs to the Fund and may result in the realization of net short-term
capital gain. The portfolio turnover rate for the Fund for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017 was 52%
and 53%, respectively. The success of short-term trading will depend upon the ability of the Subadvisor to evaluate particular
securities, to anticipate relevant market factors, including trends of interest rates and earnings and variations from such trends,
to obtain relevant information, to evaluate it promptly, and to take advantage of its evaluations by completing transactions on
a favorable basis. There can be no assurance that the Subadvisor will be successful in that evaluation. If securities are not held
for the applicable holding periods, dividends paid on them will not qualify for the advantageous U.S. federal tax rates. See &ldquo;Investment
Strategies&rdquo; and &ldquo;U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters.&rdquo;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Securities loans</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is party to the LA as described
in &ldquo;&mdash;Description of Capital Structure&mdash;Liquidity Facility.&rdquo; The Fund may seek to obtain additional income
or portfolio leverage by making secured loans of its portfolio securities with a value of up to 33<SUP>1/3</SUP>% of total assets.
In such transactions, the borrower pays to the Fund an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on loaned securities.
The Fund retains all or a portion of the dividends, interest, capital gains, and/or other distributions received on investment
of cash collateral in short-term obligations of the U.S. government, cash equivalents (including shares of a fund managed by the
Fund&rsquo;s investment adviser or an affiliate thereof), or other investments consistent with the Fund&rsquo;s investment objective,
policies, and restrictions, or receives a fee from the borrower. If the Fund receives a fee in lieu of dividends with respect
to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not be eligible for the dividends-received
deduction for corporate shareholders. As a result of investing such cash collateral in such investments, the Fund will receive
the benefit of any gains and bear any losses generated by such investments. All securities loans will be made pursuant to agreements
requiring that the loans be continuously secured by collateral in cash or short-term debt obligations at least equal at all times
to the market value of the loaned securities. The Fund may pay reasonable finders&rsquo;, administrative and custodial fees in
connection with loans of its portfolio securities. Although voting rights or rights to consent accompanying loaned securities
pass to the borrower, the Fund retains the right to call the loans at any time on reasonable notice, and it will do so in order
that the securities may be voted by the Fund with respect to matters materially affecting the Fund&rsquo;s investment. The Fund
may also call a loan in order to sell the securities involved. Lending portfolio securities involves risks of delay in recovery
of the loaned securities or, in some cases, loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower commence an action relating to
bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization. The use of securities lending collateral to obtain leverage in the Fund&rsquo;s investment
portfolio may subject the Fund to greater risk of loss than the use of traditional</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">securities lending to earn incremental income
via investing collateral solely in short-term U.S. government securities or cash equivalents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Foreign currency transactions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The value of non-U.S. assets as measured
in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations.
Currency exchange rates also can be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or
the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the U.S. or abroad. The Fund may (but is not required
to) engage in transactions to hedge against changes in foreign currencies, and will use such hedging techniques when the Advisor
or the Subadvisor deems appropriate. Foreign currency exchange transactions may be conducted on a spot (<I>i.e.</I>, cash) basis
at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into derivative currency transactions.
Currency futures contracts are exchange-traded and change in value to reflect movements of a currency or a basket of currencies.
Settlement must be made in a designated currency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Forward foreign currency exchange contracts
are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. Such contracts
may be used when a security denominated in a foreign currency is purchased or sold, or when the receipt in a foreign currency of
dividend or interest payments on such a security is anticipated. A forward contract can then &ldquo;lock in&rdquo; the U.S. dollar
price of the security or the U.S. dollar equivalent of such dividend or interest payment, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, when the Advisor or the Subadvisor
believes that the currency of a particular foreign country may suffer a substantial decline against the U.S. dollar, it may enter
into a forward contract to sell, for a fixed amount of dollars, the amount of foreign currency approximating the value of some
or all of the securities held that are denominated in such foreign currency. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts
and the value of the securities involved generally will not be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term
currency changes. Cross-hedging may be performed by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge
against fluctuations in the value of securities denominated in a different currency if the Advisor or the Subadvisor determines
that there is an established historical pattern of correlation between the two currencies (or the basket of currencies and the
underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward
contracts also may be used to shift exposure to foreign currency exchange rate changes from one currency to another. Short-term
hedging provides a means of fixing the dollar value of only a portion of portfolio assets. Income or gain earned on any of the
Fund&rsquo;s foreign currency transactions generally will be treated as fully taxable income (<I>i.e.</I>, income other than tax-advantaged
dividends).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Currency transactions are subject to the
risk of a number of complex political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore,
unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the
foreign currencies underlying the derivative currency transactions. As a result, available information may not be complete. In
an over-the-counter trading environment, there are no daily price fluctuation limits. There may be no liquid secondary market to
close out options purchased or written, or forward contracts entered into, until their exercise, expiration or maturity. There
also is the risk of default by, or the bankruptcy of, the financial institution serving as counterparty.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>USE OF LEVERAGE BY THE FUND</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may use leverage to the extent
permitted by the 1940 Act, this Prospectus, and the LA. The Fund is authorized to utilize leverage through borrowings, reinvestment
of securities lending collateral or reverse repurchase agreement proceeds, and/or the issuance of preferred shares, including the
issuance of debt securities. See &ldquo;&mdash;Other Investment Policies&mdash;Borrowing.&rdquo; The Fund is party to the LA as
described in &ldquo;&mdash;Description of Capital Structure&mdash;Liquidity Facility.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s leverage strategy may
not be successful. By leveraging its investment portfolio, the Fund creates an opportunity for increased net income or capital
appreciation. However, the use of leverage also involves risks, which can be significant. These risks include the possibility
that the value of the assets acquired with such borrowing decreases although the Fund&rsquo;s liability is fixed, greater volatility
in the Fund&rsquo;s NAV and the market price of the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares and higher expenses. Because the Advisor&rsquo;s
fee is based upon a percentage of the Fund&rsquo;s managed assets, the Advisor&rsquo;s fee will be higher if the Fund is leveraged
and the Advisor will have an incentive to leverage the Fund. The Advisor intends only to leverage the Fund when it believes that
the potential return on the additional investments acquired through the use of leverage is likely to exceed the costs incurred
in connection with the offering.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At October 31, 2018, the Fund had borrowings
under the LA of $86,900,000. The average daily loan balance, weighted average interest rate and maximum daily loan outstanding
for the year ended October 31, 2018, including borrowings under a prior credit facility discussed below, were as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Average Daily Loan Balance</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Weighted Average Interest Rate%</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Maximum Daily Loan Outstanding</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 10pt; padding-left: 10pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$86,900,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 10pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.49%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 10pt; padding-left: 10pt; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.49%</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s borrowings under the LA
as of October 31, 2018 equaled approximately 36.60% of the Fund&rsquo;s total assets (including the proceeds of such leverage).
The Fund&rsquo;s asset coverage ratio as of October 31, 2018 was 273%. See &ldquo;&mdash;Other Investment Policies&mdash;Borrowing&rdquo;
for a brief description of the Fund&rsquo;s liquid facility agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Assuming the utilization of leverage in
the amount of 36.60% of the Fund&rsquo;s total assets and an annual interest rate of 2.91% payable on such leverage based on market
rates as of October 31, 2018, the additional income that the Fund must earn (net of expenses) in order to cover such leverage is
approximately $2,528,790. Actual costs of leverage may be higher or lower than that assumed in the previous example. Under normal
market conditions, interest charged under the LA is at the rate of one-month LIBOR plus 0.60%.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Following an offering of additional Common
Shares from time to time, the Fund may increase the amount of leverage outstanding. The Fund may engage in additional borrowings,
securities lending, and reverse repurchase agreements in order to maintain the Fund&rsquo;s desired leverage ratio. Leverage creates
a greater risk of loss, as well as a potential for more gain, for the Common Shares than if leverage was not used. Interest on
borrowings may be at a fixed or floating rate and generally will be based on short-term rates. The costs associated with the Fund&rsquo;s
use of leverage, including the issuance of such leverage and the payment of dividends or interest on such leverage, will be borne
entirely by the Common Shareholders. As long as the rate of return, net of applicable Fund expenses, on the Fund&rsquo;s investment
portfolio investments purchased with leverage exceeds the costs associated with such leverage, the Fund will generate more return
or income than will be needed to pay such costs. In this event, the excess will be available to pay higher dividends to Common
Shareholders. Conversely, if the Fund&rsquo;s return on such assets is less than the cost of leverage and other Fund expenses,
the return to the Common Shareholders will diminish. To the extent that the Fund uses leverage, the NAV and market price of the
Common Shares and the yield to Common Shareholders will be more volatile. The Fund&rsquo;s leveraging strategy may not be successful.
See &ldquo;Risk Factors&mdash;Leverage Risk.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table is designed to illustrate
the effect on the return to a holder of the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares of leverage in the amount of approximately 36.60% of the
Fund&rsquo;s total assets, assuming hypothetical annual returns of the Fund&rsquo;s investment portfolio of minus 10% to plus 10%.
As the table shows, leverage generally increases the return to Common Shareholders when portfolio return is positive and greater
than the cost of leverage and decreases the return when the portfolio return is negative or less than the cost of leverage. The
figures appearing in the table are hypothetical. Actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing in the table.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Assumed Portfolio Return</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>(10.00)%</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>(5.00)%</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>0.00%</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 11%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>5.00%</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>10.00%</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.05pt; padding-left: 5.05pt; text-indent: -5.05pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corresponding Common Shares Total Return</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">-14.72%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">-8.13%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">-1.54%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.04%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">11.63%</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_009"></A>Risk Factors</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 8.15pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">The principal
risks of investing in the Fund are summarized in the Prospectus Summary above. Below are more detailed descriptions of such factors.
The descriptions are grouped by general risks, equity strategy risks, and options strategy risks. For a discussion of non-principal
risk factors, see the Fund&rsquo;s SAI.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 8.15pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>General Risks</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>Cybersecurity and
operational risk</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Intentional cybersecurity breaches include unauthorized access
to systems, networks, or devices (such as through &ldquo;hacking&rdquo; activity); infection from computer viruses or other malicious
software code; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access
or functionality. In addition, unintentional incidents can occur, such as the inadvertent release of confidential information
(possibly resulting in the violation of applicable privacy laws).</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A cybersecurity breach could result in the
loss or theft of customer data or funds, the inability to access electronic systems (&ldquo;denial of services&rdquo;), loss or
theft of proprietary information or corporate data, physical damage to a computer or network system, or costs associated with system
repairs. Such incidents could cause the Fund, the advisor, a manager, or other service providers to incur regulatory penalties,
reputational damage, additional compliance costs, or financial loss. In addition, such incidents could affect issuers in which
the Fund invests, and thereby cause the fund&rsquo;s investments to lose value.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Cyber-events have the potential to affect
materially the Fund and the Advisor&rsquo;s relationships with accounts, shareholders, clients, customers, employees, products,
and service providers. The Fund has established risk management systems reasonably designed to seek to reduce the risks associated
with cyber-events. There is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to prevent or mitigate the impact of all cyber-events.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is exposed to operational risk
arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the
Fund&rsquo;s service providers, counterparties, or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system
failures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>INVESTMENT AND MARKET RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">An investment in Common Shares is subject
to investment and market risk, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount invested. An investment in Common Shares
represents an indirect investment in the securities owned by the Fund, which generally are traded on a securities exchange or in
the over-the-counter markets. The value of these securities, like other market investments, may move up or down, sometimes rapidly
and unpredictably. Common Shares at any point in time may be worth less than the original investment, even after taking into account
any reinvestment of dividends and distributions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>TAX RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To qualify for the special tax treatment
available to regulated investment companies, the Fund must: (i) derive at least 90% of its annual gross income from certain kinds
of investment income; (ii) meet certain asset diversification requirements at the end of each quarter; and (iii) distribute in
each taxable year at least 90% of its net investment income (including net interest income and net short term capital gain). If
the Fund failed to meet any of these requirements, subject to the opportunity to cure such failures under applicable provisions
of the Code, the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its
net capital gain, even if such income were distributed to its shareholders. All distributions by the Fund from earnings and profits,
including distributions of net capital gain (if any), would be taxable to the shareholders as ordinary income. To the extent designated
by the Fund, such distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of individual
and other non-corporate shareholders and (ii) for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders, provided
that in each case the shareholder meets applicable holding period requirements. In addition, in order to requalify for taxation
as a regulated investment company, the Fund might be required to recognize unrealized gain, pay substantial taxes and interest,
and make certain distributions. See &ldquo;U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The tax treatment and characterization of
the Fund&rsquo;s distributions may vary significantly from time to time due to the nature of the Fund&rsquo;s investments. The
ultimate tax characterization of the Fund&rsquo;s distributions in a calendar year may not finally be determined until after the
end of that calendar year. The Fund may make distributions during a calendar year that exceed the Fund&rsquo;s net investment income
and net realized capital gain for that year. In such a situation, the amount by which the Fund&rsquo;s total distributions exceed
net investment income and net realized capital gain generally would be treated as a return of capital up to the amount of the Common
Shareholder&rsquo;s tax basis in his or her Common Shares, with any amounts exceeding such basis treated as gain from the sale
of his or her Common Shares. The Fund&rsquo;s income distributions that qualify for favorable tax treatment may be affected by
the Internal Revenue Service&rsquo;s (&ldquo;IRS&rdquo;) interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations.
See &ldquo;U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">No assurance can be given as to what percentage
of the distributions paid on Common Shares, if any, will consist of long-term capital gain or what the tax rates on various types
of income will be in future years. See &ldquo;U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters.&rdquo;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>DISTRIBUTION RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">There can be no assurance that quarterly
distributions paid by the Fund to shareholders will be maintained at current levels or increase over time. The quarterly distributions
shareholders receive from the Fund are derived from the Fund&rsquo;s dividends and interest income after payment of Fund expenses,
net option premiums and net realized gain on equity securities investments. If stock market volatility and/or stock prices decline,
the premiums available from writing call options and writing put options on individual stocks likely will decrease as well. Payments
to purchase put options and to close written call and put options will reduce amounts available for distribution. Net realized
gain on the Fund&rsquo;s stock investments will be determined primarily by the direction and movement of the stock market and the
equity securities held. The Fund&rsquo;s cash available for distribution may vary widely over the short- and long-term. If, for
any calendar year, the total distributions made exceed the Fund&rsquo;s net investment taxable income and net capital gain, the
excess generally will be treated as a return of capital to each Common Shareholder (up to the amount of the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s
basis in his or her Common Shares) and thereafter as gain from the sale of Common Shares. The amount treated as a return of capital
reduces the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s adjusted basis in his or her Common Shares, thereby increasing his or her potential gain
or reducing his or her potential loss on the subsequent sale of his or her Common Shares. Distributions in any year may include
a substantial return of capital component. Dividends on common stocks are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the issuer&rsquo;s
board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>DEFENSIVE POSITIONS RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During periods of adverse market or economic
conditions, the Fund may temporarily invest all or a substantial portion of its total assets in short-term money market instruments,
securities with remaining maturities of less than one year, cash or cash equivalents. The Fund will not be pursuing its investment
objectives in these circumstances and could miss favorable market developments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>INTEREST RATE RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed-income
securities such as debt securities and preferred securities will decline in value because of changes in market interest rates.
When market interest rates rise, the market value of such securities generally will fall. The Fund&rsquo;s investments in debt
securities and preferred securities means that the NAV and market price of the Common Shares will tend to decline if market interest
rates rise. Given the historically low level of interest rates in recent years and the likelihood that interest rates will increase
when the national economy strengthens, the risk of the potentially negative impact of rising interest rates on the value of the
Fund&rsquo;s portfolio may be significant. In addition, the longer the average maturity of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio of debt securities,
the greater the potential impact of rising interest rates on the value of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio and the less flexibility the
Fund may have to respond to the decreasing spread between the yield on its portfolio securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During periods of declining interest rates,
an issuer may exercise its option to prepay principal of debt securities or to redeem preferred securities earlier than scheduled,
forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities. This is known as call or prepayment risk. During periods of rising interest
rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected principal payments. This
may lock in a below market interest rate, increase the security&rsquo;s duration and reduce the value of the security. This is
known as extension risk. Recent and potential future changes in government monetary policy may affect the level of interest rates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>INFLATION RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Inflation risk is the risk that the purchasing
power of assets or income from investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation
increases, the real value of Common Shares and distributions thereon can decline.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>LEVERAGE RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">By leveraging its investment portfolio,
the Fund creates an opportunity for increased net income or capital appreciation. However, the use of leverage also involves risks,
which can be significant. These risks include the possibility that the value of the assets acquired with such borrowing decreases
although the Fund&rsquo;s liability is fixed, greater volatility in the Fund&rsquo;s NAV and the market price of the Fund&rsquo;s
Common Shares and higher expenses. Since the Advisor&rsquo;s fee is based upon a percentage of the Fund&rsquo;s managed assets,
the Advisor&rsquo;s fee will be higher if the Fund is leveraged and the Advisor will have an incentive to leverage the Fund. The
Board will monitor this potential</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">conflict. The Advisor intends to leverage
the Fund only when it believes that the potential return on the additional investments acquired through the use of leverage is
likely to exceed the costs incurred in connection with the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is authorized to utilize leverage
through borrowings, reinvestment of securities lending collateral or reverse repurchase agreement proceeds, and/or the issuance
of preferred shares, including the issuance of debt securities. The Fund is party to the LA as described in &ldquo;&mdash;Description
of Capital Structure&mdash;Liquidity Facility.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund utilizes the LA to increase its
assets available for investment. When the Fund leverages its assets, Common Shareholders bear the fees associated with the liquidity
facility and have the potential to benefit or be disadvantaged from the use of leverage. In addition, the fee paid to the Advisor
is calculated on the basis of the Fund&rsquo;s average daily managed assets, including proceeds from borrowings and/or the issuance
of preferred shares, so the fee will be higher when leverage is utilized, which may create an incentive for the Advisor to employ
financial leverage. Consequently, the Fund and the Advisor may have differing interests in determining whether to leverage the
Fund&rsquo;s assets. Leverage creates risks that may adversely affect the return for the Common Shareholders, including:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and market price of Common Shares;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">fluctuations in the interest rate paid for the use of the LA;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">increased operating costs, which may reduce the Fund&rsquo;s total return;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the potential for a decline in the value of an investment acquired through leverage, while the
Fund&rsquo;s obligations under such leverage remains fixed; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Fund is more likely to have to sell securities in a volatile market in order to meet asset
coverage or other debt compliance requirements.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the extent the returns derived from securities
purchased with proceeds received from leverage exceed the cost of leverage, the Fund&rsquo;s distributions may be greater than
if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the returns from the securities purchased with such proceeds are not sufficient to
cover the cost of leverage, the amount available for distribution to Common Shareholders will be less than if leverage had not
been used. In the latter case, the Advisor, in its best judgment, may nevertheless determine to maintain the Fund&rsquo;s leveraged
position if it deems such action to be appropriate. The costs of a borrowing program and/or an offering of preferred shares would
be borne by Common Shareholders and consequently would result in a reduction of the NAV of Common Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the risks created by the
Fund&rsquo;s use of leverage, the Fund is subject to the risk that the liquidity facility agreement is terminated due to the occurrence
of one or more events of default under the LA. If the LA is terminated in such circumstances, the Fund would be subject to additional
risk that it would be unable to timely, or at all, obtain replacement financing. The Fund might also be required to de-leverage,
selling securities at a potentially inopportune time and incurring tax consequences. Further, the Fund&rsquo;s ability to generate
income from the use of leverage would be adversely affected.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may be required to maintain minimum
average balances in connection with borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a liquidity facility; either of
these requirements will increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. To the extent that the Fund borrows through
the use of reverse repurchase agreements, it would be subject to a risk that the value of the portfolio securities transferred
may substantially exceed the purchase price received by the Fund under the reverse repurchase agreement transaction. Alternatively,
during the life of any reverse repurchase agreement transaction, the Fund may be required to transfer additional securities if
the market value of those securities initially transferred declines. In addition, capital raised through borrowing or the issuance
of preferred shares will be subject to interest costs or dividend payments that may or may not exceed the income and appreciation
on the assets purchased. The issuance of additional classes of preferred shares involves offering expenses and other costs, which
will be borne by the Common Shareholders, and may limit the Fund&rsquo;s freedom to pay dividends on Common Shares or to engage
in other activities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may be subject to certain restrictions
on investments imposed by guidelines of one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations which may issue ratings
for the preferred shares or short-term debt instruments issued by the Fund. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio
composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types of borrowings may result in
the Fund being subject to covenants in credit agreements, including those relating to asset coverage, borrowing base and portfolio</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">composition requirements and additional
covenants that may affect the Fund&rsquo;s ability to pay dividends and distributions on Common Shares in certain instances. The
Fund also may be required to pledge its assets to the lenders in connection with certain types of borrowing. Under the current
LA, the Fund is subject to covenants that include, but are not limited to, certain minimum net asset value and collateral requirements,
as well as a requirement to provide timely certain financial information to the lender. The Advisor does not anticipate that these
covenants or restrictions will adversely affect its ability to manage the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio in accordance with the Fund&rsquo;s
investment objectives and principal investment strategies. Due to these covenants or restrictions, the Fund may be forced to liquidate
investments at times and at prices that are not favorable to the Fund, or the Fund may be forced to forego investments that the
Advisor otherwise views as favorable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The extent that the Fund employs leverage,
if any, will depend on many factors, the most important of which are investment outlook, market conditions and interest rates.
Successful use of a leveraging strategy depends on the Advisor&rsquo;s ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements.
There is no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful during any period in which it is employed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>MARKET DISCOUNT RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares will be offered
only when Common Shares of the Fund are trading at a price equal to or above the Fund&rsquo;s NAV per Common Share plus the per
Common Share amount of commissions. As with any security, the market value of the Common Shares may increase or decrease from the
amount initially paid for the Common Shares. The Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares have traded at both a premium and at a discount to
NAV. The shares of closed-end management investment companies frequently trade at a discount from their NAV. This characteristic
is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that the Fund&rsquo;s NAV could decrease as a result of investment activities. Investors
bear a risk of loss to the extent that the price at which they sell their shares is lower in relation to the Fund&rsquo;s NAV than
at the time of purchase, assuming a stable NAV.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>SECONDARY MARKET FOR THE COMMON SHARES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The issuance of new Common Shares may have
an adverse effect on the secondary market for the Common Shares. When Common Shares are trading at a premium, the Fund may issue
new Common Shares of the Fund. The increase in the amount of the Fund&rsquo;s outstanding Common Shares resulting from the offering
of new Common Shares may put downward pressure on the market price for the Common Shares of the Fund. Common Shares will not be
issued at any time when Common Shares are trading at a price lower than a price equal to the Fund&rsquo;s NAV per Common Share
plus the per Common Share amount of commissions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund also issues Common Shares through
its dividend reinvestment plan. Common Shares may be issued under the plan at a discount to the market price for such Common Shares,
which may put downward pressure on the market price for Common Shares of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The voting power of current Common Shareholders
will be diluted to the extent that such shareholders do not purchase shares in any future Common Share offerings or do not purchase
sufficient shares to maintain their percentage interest. In addition, if the proceeds of such offering are unable to be invested
as intended, the Fund&rsquo;s per Common Share distribution may decrease (or may consist of return of capital) and the Fund may
not participate in market advances to the same extent as if such proceeds were fully invested as planned.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>MANAGEMENT RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is subject to management risk
because it relies on the Subadvisor&rsquo;s ability to pursue the Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives. The Subadvisor applies investment
techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that it will produce the
desired results. The Subadvisor&rsquo;s securities selections and other investment decisions might produce a loss or cause the
Fund to underperform when compared to other funds with similar investment goals. If one or more key individuals leave the employ
of the Subadvisor, then the Subadvisor may not be able to hire qualified replacements, or may require an extended time to do so.
This could prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objectives.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>ECONOMIC AND MARKET EVENTS RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Events in certain sectors historically have
resulted, and may in the future result, in an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, both domestic and foreign.
These events have included, but are not limited to: bankruptcies, corporate restructurings, and other events related to the sub-prime
mortgage crisis in 2008; governmental efforts to limit short selling and high frequency trading; measures to address U.S. federal
and state budget deficits; social, political and economic instability in Europe; economic stimulus by the Japanese central bank;
steep declines in oil prices; dramatic changes in currency exchange rates; and China&rsquo;s economic slowdown. Interconnected
global economies and financial markets increase the possibility that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact
issuers in a different country or region. Both domestic and foreign equity markets have experienced increased volatility and turmoil,
with issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage, and credit markets particularly affected. Banks and financial services
companies could suffer losses if interest rates were to rise or economic conditions deteriorate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, relatively high market volatility
and reduced liquidity in credit and fixed-income markets may adversely affect many issuers worldwide. Actions taken by the U.S.
Federal Reserve (Fed) or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as interventions in currency markets,
could cause high volatility in the equity and fixed-income markets. Reduced liquidity may result in less money being available
to purchase raw materials, goods, and services from emerging markets, which may, in turn, bring down the prices of these economic
staples. It may also result in emerging-market issuers having more difficulty obtaining financing, which may, in turn, cause a
decline in their securities prices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, while interest rates have been
unusually low in recent years in the United States and abroad, any decision by the Fed to adjust the target fed funds rate, among
other factors, could cause markets to experience continuing high volatility. A significant increase in interest rates may cause
a decline in the market for equity securities. Also, regulators have expressed concern that rate increases may contribute to price
volatility. These events and the possible resulting market volatility may have an adverse effect on the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Political turmoil within the United States
and abroad may also impact the fund. Although the U.S. government has honored its credit obligations, it remains possible that
the United States could default on its obligations. While it is impossible to predict the consequences of such an unprecedented
event, it is likely that a default by the United States would be highly disruptive to the United States and global securities markets
and could significantly impair the value of the fund&rsquo;s investments. Similarly, political events within the United States
at times have resulted, and may in the future result, in a shutdown of government services, which could negatively affect the U.S.
economy, decrease the value of many fund investments, and increase uncertainty in or impair the operation of the United States
or other securities markets. The United States is also considering significant new investments in infrastructure and national defense
which, coupled with lower federal taxes, could lead to increased government borrowing and higher interest rates. While these proposed
policies are going through the political process, the equity and debt markets may react strongly to expectations which could increase
volatility, especially if the markets expectations for changes in government policies are not born out.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Uncertainties surrounding the sovereign
debt of a number of European Union (EU) countries and the viability of the EU have disrupted and may in the future disrupt markets
in the United States and around the world. If one or more countries leave the EU or the EU dissolves, the world&rsquo;s securities
markets likely will be significantly disrupted. In June 2016, the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU, commonly
referred to as &ldquo;Brexit.&rdquo; There is significant market uncertainty regarding Brexit&rsquo;s ramifications, and the range
and potential implications of possible political, regulatory, economic, and market outcomes are difficult to predict. Political
and military events, including in North Korea, Venezuela, Syria, and other areas of the Middle East, and nationalist unrest in
Europe, also may cause market disruptions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, there is a risk that the prices
of goods and services in the United States and many foreign economies may decline over time, known as deflation. Deflation may have an adverse
effect on stock prices and creditworthiness and may make defaults on debt more likely. If a country&rsquo;s economy slips into
a deflationary pattern, it could last for a prolonged period and may be difficult to reverse.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>NATURAL DISASTERS AND ADVERSE WEATHER
CONDITIONS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain areas of the world historically
have been prone to major natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, typhoons, flooding, tidal waves, tsunamis, erupting
volcanoes, wildfires or droughts, and have been economically sensitive to environmental events. Such disasters, and the resulting
damage, could have a severe and negative impact</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">on the Fund&rsquo;s investment portfolio
and, in the longer term, could impair the ability of issuers in which the Fund invests to conduct their businesses in the manner
normally conducted. Adverse weather conditions also may have a particularly significant negative effect on issuers in the agricultural
sector and on insurance companies that insure against the impact of natural disasters.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>CHANGES IN U.S. LAW</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Changes in the state and U.S. federal laws
applicable to the Fund, including changes to state and U.S. federal tax laws, or applicable to the Advisor, the Subadvisor and
other securities or instruments in which the Fund may invest, may negatively affect the Fund&rsquo;s returns to Common Shareholders.
The Fund may need to modify its investment strategy in the future in order to satisfy new regulatory requirements or to compete
in a changed business environment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s Declaration of Trust includes
provisions that could limit the ability of other persons or entities to acquire control of the Fund or to change the composition
of its Board. These provisions may deprive shareholders of opportunities to sell their Common Shares at a premium over the then
current market price of the Common Shares. See &ldquo;Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws&mdash;Anti-takeover
provisions.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Strategy Risks</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>CREDIT AND COUNTERPARTY RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">This is the risk
that the issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, the counterparty to an over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives contract (see
&ldquo;Hedging, derivatives, and other strategic transactions risk&rdquo;), or a borrower of the Fund&rsquo;s securities will be
unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest, or settlement payments, or otherwise honor its obligations. Credit risk
associated with investments in fixed-income securities relates to the ability of the issuer to make scheduled payments of principal
and interest on an obligation. A fund that invests in fixed-income securities is subject to varying degrees of risk that the issuers
of the securities will have their credit ratings downgraded or will default, potentially reducing the fund&rsquo;s share price
and income level. Nearly all fixed-income securities are subject to some credit risk, which may vary depending upon whether the
issuers of the securities are corporations, domestic or foreign governments, or their subdivisions or instrumentalities. U.S. government
securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk depending upon whether the securities are supported by the full faith
and credit of the United States; the ability to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; only by the credit of the issuing U.S. government
agency, instrumentality, or corporation; or otherwise supported by the United States. For example, issuers of many types of U.S.
government securities (e.g., the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie
Mae), and Federal Home Loan Banks), although chartered or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by congressional appropriations,
and their fixed-income securities, including asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities, are neither guaranteed nor insured by
the U.S. government. An agency of the U.S. government has placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship, a statutory process
with the objective of returning the entities to normal business operations. It is unclear what effect this conservatorship will
have on the securities issued or guaranteed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. As a result, these securities are subject to more credit
risk than U.S. government securities that are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States (e.g., U.S. Treasury
bonds). When a fixed-income security is not rated, a manager may have to assess the risk of the security itself. Asset-backed securities,
whose principal and interest payments are supported by pools of other assets, such as credit card receivables and automobile loans,
are subject to further risks, including the risk that the obligors of the underlying assets default on payment of those assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 6.7pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">Funds that invest
in below-investment-grade securities, also called junk bonds (e.g., fixed-income securities rated Ba or lower by Moody&rsquo;s
Investors Service, Inc. or BB or lower by Standard &amp; Poor&rsquo;s Ratings Services, at the time of investment, or determined
by a manager to be of comparable quality to securities so rated) are subject to increased credit risk. The sovereign debt of many
foreign governments, including their subdivisions and instrumentalities, falls into this category. Below-investment-grade securities
offer the potential for higher investment returns than higher-rated securities, but they carry greater credit risk: their issuers&rsquo;
continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments is considered speculative, they are more susceptible to real or perceived
adverse economic and competitive industry conditions, and they may be less liquid than higher-rated securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">In addition,
the Fund is exposed to credit risk to the extent that it makes use of OTC derivatives (such as forward foreign currency contracts
and/or swap contracts) and engages to a significant extent in the lending of fund</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">securities or
the use of repurchase agreements. OTC derivatives transactions can be closed out with the other party to the transaction. If the
counterparty defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but there is no assurance that the counterparty will be able to
meet its contractual obligations or that, in the event of default, the Fund will succeed in enforcing them. A fund, therefore,
assumes the risk that it may be unable to obtain payments owed to it under OTC derivatives contracts or that those payments may
be delayed or made only after the fund has incurred the costs of litigation. While the manager intends to monitor the creditworthiness
of contract counterparties, there can be no assurance that the counterparty will be in a position to meet its obligations, especially
during unusually adverse market conditions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.4pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>CORPORATE DEBT SECURITIES RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Corporate debt obligations are subject to
the risk of an issuer&rsquo;s inability to meet principal and interest payments on the obligations and also may be subject to price
volatility due to such factors as market interest rates, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market
liquidity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">The Fund may
invest in U.S. government securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or by an agency or instrumentality of the U.S.
government. Not all U.S. government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Some are supported
only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality, which depends entirely on its own resources to repay the debt. U.S.
government securities that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States include U.S. Treasuries and mortgage-backed
securities guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association. Securities that are only supported by the credit of the
issuing agency or instrumentality include Fannie Mae, FHLBs and Freddie Mac. See &ldquo;Credit and counterparty risk&rdquo; for
additional information on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 8.25pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">Fixed-income
securities are generally subject to two principal types of risk, as well as other risks described below: (1) interest-rate risk
and (2) credit quality risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B>Interest-rate
risk. </B>Fixed-income securities are affected by changes in interest rates. When interest rates decline, the market value of fixed-income
securities generally can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the market value of fixed-income securities
generally can be expected to decline. The longer the duration or maturity of a fixed-income security, the more susceptible it is
to interest-rate risk. Recent and potential future changes in government monetary policy may affect the level of interest rates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B>Credit quality
risk. </B>Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk that the issuer of the security will not repay all or a portion of the
principal borrowed and will not make all interest payments. If the credit quality of a fixed-income security deteriorates after
the Fund has purchased the security, the market value of the security may decrease and lead to a decrease in the value of the fund&rsquo;s
investments. An issuer&rsquo;s credit quality could deteriorate as a result of poor management decisions, competitive pressures,
technological obsolescence, undue reliance on suppliers, labor issues, shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures,
or other factors. Funds that may invest in lower-rated fixed-income securities, commonly referred to as junk securities, are riskier
than funds that may invest in higher-rated fixed-income securities. Additional information on the risks of investing in investment-grade
fixed-income securities in the lowest rating category and lower-rated fixed-income securities is set forth below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B>Investment-grade
fixed-income securities in the lowest rating category risk. </B>Investment-grade fixed-income securities in the lowest rating category
(such as Baa by Moody&rsquo;s Investors Service, Inc. or BBB by Standard and Poor&rsquo;s Ratings Services and comparable unrated
securities) involve a higher degree of risk than fixed-income securities in the higher rating categories. While such securities
are considered investment-grade quality and are deemed to have adequate capacity for payment of principal and interest, such securities
lack outstanding investment characteristics and have speculative characteristics as well. For example, changes in economic conditions
or other circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to make principal and interest payments than is the case
with higher-grade securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.8pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B>Prepayment
of principal risk. </B>Many types of debt securities, including floating-rate loans, are subject to prepayment risk. Prepayment
risk occurs when the issuer of a security can repay principal prior to the security&rsquo;s</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">maturity. Securities
subject to prepayment risk can offer less potential for gains when the credit quality of the issuer improves.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B>Additional
risks regarding lower-rated foreign government fixed-income securities. </B>Lower-rated foreign government fixed-income securities
are subject to the risks of investing in foreign countries described under &ldquo;Foreign securities risk.&rdquo; In addition,
the ability and willingness of a foreign government to make payments on debt when due may be affected by the prevailing economic
and political conditions within the country. Emerging-market countries may experience high inflation, interest rates, and unemployment,
as well as exchange-rate fluctuations which adversely affect trade and political uncertainty or instability. These factors increase
the risk that a foreign government will not make payments when due.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Recent Fixed-Income Market Events.</B>
In addition to financial market volatility, relatively high market volatility and reduced liquidity in credit and fixed-income
markets may adversely affect many issuers worldwide. Actions taken by the U.S. Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate
or stabilize economic growth, such as decreases or increases in short-term interest rates, or interventions in currency markets,
could cause high volatility in the equity and fixed-income markets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>LOWER-RATED AND HIGH-YIELD FIXED-INCOME
SECURITIES RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Lower-rated fixed-income securities and
high-yield fixed-income securities (both commonly known as &ldquo;junk bonds&rdquo;) are subject to the same risks as other fixed-income
securities but have greater credit quality risk and may be considered speculative. In addition, lower-rated corporate debt securities
(and comparable unrated securities) tend to be more sensitive to individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions
than higher-rated corporate fixed-income securities. Issuers of lower-rated corporate debt securities may also be highly leveraged,
increasing the risk that principal and income will not be repaid. Lower-rated foreign government fixed-income securities are subject
to the risks of investing in foreign countries described under &ldquo;Foreign securities risk.&rdquo; In addition, the ability
and willingness of a foreign government to make payments on debt when due may be affected by the prevailing economic and political
conditions within the country. Emerging-market countries may experience high inflation, interest rates and unemployment, as well
as exchange rate fluctuations which adversely affect trade and political uncertainty or instability. These factors increase the
risk that a foreign government will not make payments when due.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Lower-rated fixed-income securities are
defined as securities rated below investment grade (such as Ba and below by Moody&rsquo;s Investors Service, Inc. and BB and below
by Standard and Poor&rsquo;s Ratings Services) (also called junk bonds). The general risks of investing in these securities are
as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Risk to principal and income.</I></B>
Investing in lower-rated fixed-income securities is considered speculative. While these securities generally provide greater income
potential than investments in higher-rated securities, there is a greater risk that principal and interest payments will not be
made. Issuers of these securities may even go into default or become bankrupt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Price volatility.</I></B> The price
of lower-rated fixed-income securities may be more volatile than securities in the higher-rated categories. This volatility may
increase during periods of economic uncertainty or change. The price of these securities is affected more than higher-rated fixed-income
securities by the market&rsquo;s perception of their credit quality, especially during times of adverse publicity. In the past,
economic downturns or increases in interest rates have, at times, caused more defaults by issuers of these securities and may do
so in the future. Economic downturns and increases in interest rates have an even greater effect on highly leveraged issuers of
these securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Liquidity.</I></B> The market for
lower-rated fixed-income securities may have more limited trading than the market for investment-grade fixed-income securities.
Therefore, it may be more difficult to sell these securities, and these securities may have to be sold at prices below their market
value in order to meet redemption requests or to respond to changes in market conditions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Dependence on manager&rsquo;s own
credit analysis.</I></B> While a manager may rely on ratings by established credit rating agencies, it will also supplement such
ratings with its own independent review of the credit quality of the issuer. Therefore, the assessment of the credit risk of lower-rated
fixed-income securities is more dependent on the manager&rsquo;s evaluation than the assessment of the credit risk of higher-rated
securities.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Additional risks regarding lower-rated
corporate fixed-income securities.</I></B> Lower-rated corporate fixed-income securities (and comparable unrated securities) tend
to be more sensitive to individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions than higher-rated corporate fixed-income
securities. Issuers of lower-rated corporate fixed-income securities may also be highly leveraged, increasing the risk that principal
and income will not be repaid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>MORTGAGE-BACKED AND ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES
RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B><I>Mortgage-backed
securities.</I></B> Mortgage-backed securities represent participating interests in pools of residential mortgage loans, which
are guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies, or its instrumentalities. However, the guarantee of these types of securities
relates to the principal and interest payments, and not to the market value of such securities. In addition, the guarantee only
relates to the mortgage-backed securities held by a fund and not the purchase of shares of a fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 8.25pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">Mortgage-backed
securities are issued by lenders, such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks, and savings and loan associations. Such securities
differ from conventional debt securities, which provide for the periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts (usually semiannually)
with principal payments at maturity or on specified dates. Mortgage-backed securities provide periodic payments which are, in effect,
a pass through of the interest and principal payments (including any prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled
mortgage loans. A mortgage-backed security will mature when all the mortgages in the pool mature or are prepaid. Therefore, mortgage-backed
securities do not have a fixed maturity and their expected maturities may vary when interest rates rise or fall.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 3.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">When interest
rates fall, homeowners are more likely to prepay their mortgage loans. An increased rate of prepayments on the fund&rsquo;s mortgage-backed
securities will result in an unforeseen loss of interest income to the fund as the fund may be required to reinvest assets at a
lower interest rate. Because prepayments increase when interest rates fall, the prices of mortgage-backed securities do not increase
as much as other fixed-income securities when interest rates fall.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.45pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">When interest
rates rise, homeowners are less likely to prepay their mortgage loans. A decreased rate of prepayments lengthens the expected maturity
of a mortgage-backed security. Therefore, the prices of mortgage-backed securities may decrease more than prices of other fixed-income
securities when interest rates rise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 8.7pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">The yield of mortgage-backed
securities is based on the average life of the underlying pool of mortgage loans. The actual life of any particular pool may be
shortened by unscheduled or early payments of principal and interest. Principal prepayments may result from the sale of the underlying
property, or the refinancing or foreclosure of underlying mortgages. The occurrence of prepayments is affected by a wide range
of economic, demographic, and social factors, and, accordingly, it is not possible to accurately predict the average life of a
particular pool. The actual prepayment experience of a pool of mortgage loans may cause the yield realized by the fund to differ
from the yield calculated on the basis of the average life of the pool. In addition, if the Fund purchases mortgage-backed securities
at a premium, the premium may be lost in the event of early prepayment, which may result in a loss to the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">Prepayments tend
to increase during periods of falling interest rates, while during periods of rising interest rates, prepayments are likely to
decline. Monthly interest payments received by the Fund have a compounding effect, which will increase the yield to shareholders
as compared with debt obligations that pay interest semiannually. Because of the reinvestment of prepayments of principal at current
rates, mortgage-backed securities may be less effective than U.S. Treasury bonds of similar maturity at maintaining yields during
periods of declining interest rates. Also, although the value of debt securities may increase as interest rates decline, the value
of these pass through types of securities may not increase as much, due to their prepayment feature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B><I>Collateralized
mortgage obligations (CMOs).</I></B> The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities called CMOs. CMOs are issued in separate
classes with different stated maturities. As the mortgage pool experiences prepayments, the pool pays off investors in classes
with shorter maturities first. By investing in CMOs, the Fund may manage the prepayment risk of mortgage-backed securities. However,
prepayments may cause the actual maturity of a CMO to be substantially shorter than its stated maturity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B><I>Asset-backed
securities.</I></B> Asset-backed securities include interests in pools of debt securities, commercial or consumer loans, or other
receivables. The value of these securities depends on many factors, including changes in interest rates, the availability of information
concerning the pool and its structure, the credit quality of the underlying assets, the market&rsquo;s perception of the servicer
of the pool, and any credit enhancement provided. In addition, asset-backed securities have prepayment risks similar to mortgage-backed
securities.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Mortgage Dollar Rolls.</I></B>
<FONT STYLE="color: #231F20">Under a mortgage dollar roll, the Fund sells mortgage-backed securities for delivery in the future
(generally within 30 days) and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities
on a specified future date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">At the time the
Fund enters into a mortgage dollar roll, it will maintain on its records liquid assets such as cash or U.S. government securities
equal in value to its obligations in respect of dollar rolls, and accordingly, such dollar rolls will not be considered borrowings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">The Fund may only
enter into covered rolls. A &ldquo;covered roll&rdquo; is a specific type of dollar roll for which there is an offsetting cash
or cash equivalent security position that matures on or before the forward settlement date of the dollar roll transaction. Dollar
roll transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities sold by the Fund may decline below the repurchase price
of those securities. While a mortgage dollar roll may be considered a form of leveraging, and may, therefore, increase fluctuations
in the Fund&rsquo;s NAV per share, the Fund will cover the transaction as described above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.9pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>EQUITY SECURITIES RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Common and preferred stocks represent equity
ownership in a company. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate, and can decline and reduce the
value of the Fund investing in equities. The price of equity securities fluctuates based on changes in a company&rsquo;s financial
condition and overall market and economic conditions. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the
financial condition of the companies in which the Fund is invested declines, or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate.
An issuer&rsquo;s financial condition could decline as a result of poor management decisions, competitive pressures, technological
obsolescence, undue reliance on suppliers, labor issues, shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures, or other
factors. Changes in the financial condition of a single issuer can impact the market as a whole.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Even a fund that invests in high-quality,
or blue chip, equity securities, or securities of established companies with large market capitalizations (which generally have
strong financial characteristics), can be negatively impacted by poor overall market and economic conditions. Companies with large
market capitalizations may also have less growth potential than smaller companies and may be less able to react quickly to changes
in the marketplace.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may maintain substantial exposure
to equities and generally does not attempt to time the market. Because of this exposure, the possibility that stock market prices
in general will decline over short or extended periods subjects the Fund to unpredictable declines in the value of its investments,
as well as periods of poor performance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Preferred and convertible securities
risk.</I></B> Unlike interest on debt securities, preferred stock dividends are payable only if declared by the issuer&rsquo;s
board. Also, preferred stock may be subject to optional or mandatory redemption provisions. The market values of convertible securities
tend to fall as interest rates rise and rise as interest rates fall. The value of convertible preferred stock can depend heavily
upon the value of the security into which such convertible preferred stock is converted, depending on whether the market price
of the underlying security exceeds the conversion price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>LIQUIDITY AND RESTRICTED SECURITIES RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #231F20">The Fund may have significant exposure to restricted
securities.&nbsp; Restricted securities are securities with restrictions on public resale, such as securities offered in accordance
with an exemption under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the &ldquo;1933 Act&rdquo;), or commercial paper issued under
Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act.&nbsp; Restricted securities are often required to be sold in private sales to institutional buyers,
markets for restricted securities may or may not be well developed, and restricted securities can be illiquid. The extent (if
at all) to which a security may be sold or a derivative position closed without negatively impacting its market value may be impaired
by reduced market activity or participation, legal restrictions or other economic and market impediments. Funds with principal
investment strategies that involve investments in securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations, foreign securities,
derivatives, or securities with substantial market and/or credit risk tend to have the greatest exposure to liquidity risk. Exposure
to liquidity risk may be heightened for funds that invest in securities of emerging markets and related derivatives that are not
widely traded, and that may be subject to purchase and sale restrictions.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">The capacity
of traditional dealers to engage in fixed-income trading has not kept pace with the bond market&rsquo;s growth. As a result, dealer
inventories of corporate bonds, which indicate the ability to &ldquo;make markets,&rdquo; i.e., buy or sell a security at the quoted
bid and ask price, respectively, are at or near historic lows relative to market size. Because market makers provide stability
to fixed-income markets, the significant reduction in dealer inventories could lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility,
which may become exacerbated during periods of economic or political stress.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.1pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>NON-U.S. INVESTMENT RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Funds that invest in securities traded principally
in securities markets outside the United States are subject to additional and more varied risks, as the value of non-U.S. securities may
change more rapidly and extremely than the value of U.S. securities. Less information may be publicly available regarding non-U.S.
securities, which may be subject to non-U.S. taxes and may be more volatile than U.S. securities. Currency fluctuations and political
and economic developments may adversely impact the value of foreign securities. The securities markets of many foreign countries
are relatively small, with a limited number of companies representing a small number of industries. Additionally, issuers of non-U.S.
securities may not be subject to the same degree of regulation as U.S. issuers. Reporting, accounting and auditing standards of
foreign countries differ, in some cases significantly, from U.S. standards. There generally are higher commission rates on non-U.S.
portfolio transactions, transfer taxes, higher custodial costs and the possibility that non-U.S. taxes will be charged on dividends
and interest payable on non-U.S. securities, some or all of which may not be reclaimable. Also, adverse changes in investment or
exchange control regulations (which may include suspension of the ability to transfer currency or assets from a country), political
changes or diplomatic developments could adversely affect the Fund&rsquo;s investments. In the event of nationalization, expropriation,
confiscatory taxation, or other confiscation, the Fund could lose a substantial portion of, or its entire investment in a non-U.S.
security. Some of the non-U.S. Investments securities risks also are applicable to funds that invest a material portion of their
assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers traded in the United States.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"><B><I>Currency risk.</I></B>
Currency risk is the risk that fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of the Fund&rsquo;s investments.
Currency risk includes both the risk that currencies in which a fund&rsquo;s investments are traded, or currencies in which a fund
has taken an active investment position, will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar and, in the case of hedging positions,
that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency being hedged. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate
significantly for a number of reasons, including the forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets, actual or perceived
changes in interest rates, intervention (or the failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or currency
controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Certain funds may engage in proxy hedging of currencies by entering
into derivative transactions with respect to a currency whose value is expected to correlate to the value of a currency the fund
owns or wants to own. This presents the risk that the two currencies may not move in relation to one another as expected. In that
case, the fund could lose money on its investment and also lose money on the position designed to act as a proxy hedge. Certain
funds may also take active currency positions and may cross-hedge currency exposure represented by their securities into another
foreign currency. This may result in a fund&rsquo;s currency exposure being substantially different than that suggested by its
securities investments. All funds with foreign currency holdings and/or that invest or trade in securities denominated in foreign
currencies or related derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Derivative
foreign currency transactions (such as futures, forwards, and swaps) may also involve leveraging risk, in addition to currency
risk. Leverage may disproportionately increase a fund&rsquo;s portfolio losses and reduce opportunities for gain when interest
rates, stock prices, or currency rates are changing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>SOVEREIGN DEBT OBLIGATIONS RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">An investment in debt obligations of non-U.S.
governments and their political subdivisions (sovereign debt), whether denominated in U.S. dollars or a foreign currency, involves
special risks that are not present in corporate debt obligations. The non-U.S. issuer of the sovereign debt or the non-U.S. governmental
authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or pay interest when due, and
the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign
debt may be more volatile than prices of debt obligations of U.S. issuers. In the past, certain non-U.S. countries have encountered
difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment
of principal and interest on their sovereign debt. A sovereign debtor&rsquo;s willingness or ability to repay principal and pay
interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency
reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange, the relative size of the debt</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">service burden, the sovereign debtor&rsquo;s
policy toward its principal international lenders and local political constraints. Sovereign debtors also may be dependent on expected
disbursements from non-U.S. governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on
their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or
repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of third-party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor,
which may further impair such debtor&rsquo;s ability or willingness to service its debts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>BRADY BONDS RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Brady Bonds may involve a high degree of
risk, may be in default or present the risk of default. Agreements implemented under the Brady Plan to date are designed to achieve
debt and debt-service reduction through specific options negotiated by a debtor nation with its creditors. As a result, the financial
packages offered by each country differ. The types of options have included the exchange of outstanding commercial bank debt for
bonds issued at 100% of face value of such debt, bonds issued at a discount of face value of such debt, bonds bearing an interest
rate which increases over time and bonds issued in exchange for the advancement of new money by existing lenders. Certain Brady
Bonds have been collateralized as to principal due at maturity by U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds with a maturity equal to the
final maturity of such Brady Bonds, although the collateral is not available to investors until the final maturity of the Brady
Bonds. Collateral purchases are financed by the IMF, the World Bank and the debtor nations&rsquo; reserves. In addition, the first
two or three interest payments on certain types of Brady Bonds may be collateralized by cash or securities agreed upon by creditors.
Although Brady Bonds may be collateralized by U.S. government securities, repayment of principal and interest is not guaranteed
by the U.S. government.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENT RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Reverse repurchase agreement transactions
involve the risk that the market value of the securities that the Fund is obligated to repurchase under such agreements may decline
below the repurchase price. Any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to the other party or the
securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets, thereby potentially
increasing fluctuations in the market value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets. In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase
agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Fund&rsquo;s use of proceeds received under the agreement may be restricted
pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver, whether to enforce the Fund&rsquo;s obligation to repurchase
the securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>WARRANTS RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Warrants are rights to purchase securities
at specific prices and are valid for a specific period of time. Warrant prices do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of
the underlying securities, and warrant holders receive no dividends and have no voting rights or rights with respect to the assets
of an issuer. The price of a warrant may be more volatile than the price of its underlying security, and a warrant may offer greater
potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss. Warrants cease to have value if not exercised prior to the expiration
date. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>HEDGING, DERIVATIVES AND OTHER STRATEGIC
TRANSACTIONS RISK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The ability of the Fund to utilize hedging,
derivatives and other strategic transactions to benefit the Fund will depend in part on the Subadvisor&rsquo;s ability to predict
pertinent market movements and market risk, counterparty risk, credit risk, interest-rate risk and other risk factors, none of
which can be assured. The skills required to utilize hedging and other strategic transactions are different from those needed to
select the Fund&rsquo;s securities. Even if the Subadvisor only uses hedging and other strategic transactions in the Fund primarily
for hedging purposes or to gain exposure to a particular securities market, if the transaction does not have the desired outcome,
it could result in a significant loss to the Fund. The amount of loss could be more than the principal amount invested. These transactions
also may increase the volatility of the Fund and may involve a small investment of cash relative to the magnitude of the risks
assumed, thereby magnifying the impact of any resulting gain or loss. For example, the potential loss from the use of futures can
exceed the Fund&rsquo;s initial investment in such contracts. In addition, these transactions could result in a loss to the Fund
if the counterparty to the transaction does not perform as promised.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in derivatives, which
are financial contracts with a value that depends on, or is derived from, the value of underlying assets, reference rates or indexes.
Examples of derivative instruments include options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, foreign currency forward
contracts and swap agreements (including, but not limited to, interest-rate swaps, total return swaps, credit default swaps and
swaps on exchange-traded funds). Derivatives may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates
and related indexes. The Fund may use derivatives for many purposes, including for hedging, and as a substitute for direct investment
in</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">securities or other assets. Derivatives
may be used in a way to efficiently adjust the exposure of the Fund to various securities, markets and currencies without the Fund
actually having to sell existing investments and make new investments. This generally will be done when the adjustment is expected
to be relatively temporary or in anticipation of effecting the sale of fund assets and making new investments over time. Further,
since many derivatives have a leverage component, adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate
or index can result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative itself. Certain derivatives have
the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. When the Fund uses derivatives for leverage,
investments in the Fund will tend to be more volatile, resulting in larger gain or loss in response to market changes. To limit
leverage risk, the Fund may segregate assets determined to be liquid or, as permitted by applicable regulation, enter into certain
offsetting positions to cover its obligations under derivative instruments. For a description of the various derivative instruments
the Fund may utilize, refer to the SAI.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The regulation of the U.S. and non-U.S.
derivatives markets has undergone substantial change in recent years and such change may continue. In particular, the Dodd-Frank
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and regulation proposed to be promulgated thereunder require many derivatives to
be cleared and traded on an exchange, expand entity registration requirements, impose business conduct requirements on dealers
that enter into swaps with a pension plan, endowment, retirement plan or government entity, and required banks to move some derivatives
trading units to a non-guaranteed affiliate separate from the deposit-taking bank or divest them altogether. Although the CFTC
has released final rules relating to clearing, reporting, recordkeeping and registration requirements under the legislation, many
of the provisions are subject to further final rule making, and thus its ultimate impact remains unclear. New regulations could,
among other things, restrict the Fund&rsquo;s ability to engage in derivatives transactions (for example, by making certain types
of derivatives transactions no longer available to the Fund) and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions (for example,
by increasing margin or capital requirements), and the Fund may be unable to fully execute its investment strategies as a result.
Limits or restrictions applicable to the counterparties with which the Fund engages in derivative transactions also could prevent
the Fund from using these instruments or affect the pricing or other factors relating to these instruments, or may change the availability
of certain investments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At any time after the date of this prospectus,
legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund. Legislation or regulation may change the way in
which the Fund itself is regulated. The Adviser cannot predict the effects of any new governmental regulation that may be implemented,
and there can be no assurance that any new governmental regulation will not adversely affect the Fund&rsquo;s ability to achieve
its investment objectives.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20">The use of derivative
instruments may involve risks different from, or potentially greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities
and other, more traditional assets. In particular, the use of derivative instruments exposes the Fund to the risk that the counterparty
to an OTC derivatives contract will be unable or unwilling to make timely settlement payments or otherwise honor its obligations.
OTC derivatives transactions typically can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction, although either party may
engage in an offsetting transaction that puts that party in the same economic position as if it had closed out the transaction
with the counterparty or may obtain the other party&rsquo;s consent to assign the transaction to a third party. If the counterparty
defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but there is no assurance that the counterparty will meet its contractual obligations
or that, in the event of default, the Fund will succeed in enforcing them. For example, because the contract for each OTC derivatives
transaction is individually negotiated with a specific counterparty, the Fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty may interpret
contractual terms (e.g., the definition of default) differently than the Fund when the Fund seeks to enforce its contractual rights.
If that occurs, the cost and unpredictability of the legal proceedings required for the Fund to enforce its contractual rights
may lead it to decide not to pursue its claims against the counterparty. The Fund, therefore, assumes the risk that it may be
unable to obtain payments owed to it under OTC derivatives contracts or that those payments may be delayed or made only after
the Fund has incurred the costs of litigation. While a manager intends to monitor the creditworthiness of counterparties, there
can be no assurance that a counterparty will meet its obligations, especially during unusually adverse market conditions. To the
extent the Fund contracts with a limited number of counterparties, the Fund&rsquo;s risk will be concentrated and events that
affect the creditworthiness of any of those counterparties may have a pronounced effect on the Fund. Derivatives are also subject
to a number of other risks, including market risk and liquidity risk. Since the value of derivatives is calculated and derived
from the value of other assets, instruments, or references, there is a risk that they will be improperly valued. Derivatives also
involve the risk that changes in their value may not correlate perfectly with the assets, rates, or indexes they are designed
to hedge or closely track. Suitable derivatives transactions may not be available in all circumstances. The Fund is also subject
to the risk that the counterparty closes out the derivatives transactions upon the occurrence of certain triggering events. In
addition, a manager may determine not to use derivatives to hedge or otherwise reduce risk exposure. Government legislation or
regulation could affect the use of derivatives transactions and could limit the Fund&rsquo;s ability to pursue its
investment strategies.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 8.25pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #231F20"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following is a list of certain derivatives
and other strategic transactions that the Fund may utilize and the main risks associated with each of them:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><I>Credit default swaps. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability
to enter into closing transactions), interest-rate risk, settlement risk, risk of default of the underlying reference obligation
and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving credit default swaps.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><I>Foreign currency forward contracts</I></B>. Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>,
the inability to enter into closing transactions), foreign currency risk and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks
of engaging in transactions involving foreign currency forward contracts.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><I>Foreign currency swaps. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability
to enter into closing transactions), foreign currency risk and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging
in transactions involving foreign currency swaps.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><I>Futures contracts. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability
to enter into closing transactions) and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving
futures contracts.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><I>Interest-rate swaps. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability
to enter into closing transactions), interest-rate risk and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in
transactions involving interest-rate swaps.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><I>Options and currency option. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the
inability to enter into closing transactions) and risk of disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions
involving options, including currency options. Counterparty risk does not apply to exchange-traded options.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 7.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&bull;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><I>Swaps. </I></B>Counterparty risk, liquidity risk (<I>i.e.</I>, the inability to enter into
closing transactions), interest-rate risk, settlement risk, risk of default of the underlying reference obligation and risk of
disproportionate loss are the principal risks of engaging in transactions involving swaps, including credit default swaps and total
return swaps.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Given the risks described above, an
investment in Common Shares may not be appropriate for all investors. You should carefully consider your ability to assume these
risks before making an investment in the Fund.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_010"></A>Management of the Fund</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>TRUSTEES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The overall management of the Fund, including
supervision of the duties performed by the Advisor and the Subadvisor, is the responsibility of the Board of Trustees, under the
laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the 1940 Act. The Board of Trustees is responsible for the Fund&rsquo;s overall management,
including adopting the investment and other policies of the Fund, electing and replacing officers and selecting and supervising
the Fund&rsquo;s Advisor and Subadvisor. The names and business addresses of the Trustees and officers of the Fund and their principal
occupations and other affiliations during the past five years, as well as a description of committees of the Board, are set forth
under &ldquo;Those Responsible for Management&rdquo; in the SAI.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A discussion regarding the basis for the
Trustees&rsquo; approval of the Advisory Agreement and the Subadvisory Agreement (each, as defined below) is available in the Fund&rsquo;s
most recent annual shareholder report for the period ended October 31.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>THE ADVISOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor is a Delaware limited liability
company whose principal offices are located at 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116 and serves as the Fund&rsquo;s
investment advisor. The Advisor is registered with the SEC as an investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940,
as amended (the &ldquo;Advisers Act&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Founded in 1968, the Advisor is an indirect
principally owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.), a subsidiary of Manulife Financial Corporation (&ldquo;Manulife
Financial&rdquo; or the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;). Manulife</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Financial is the holding company of The
Manufacturers Life Insurance Company (the &ldquo;Life Company&rdquo;) and its subsidiaries. John Hancock Life Insurance Company
(U.S.A.) and its subsidiaries (&ldquo;John Hancock&rdquo;) today offer a broad range of financial products and services, including
whole, term, variable, and universal life insurance, as well as college savings products, mutual funds, fixed and variable annuities,
long-term care insurance and various forms of business insurance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor&rsquo;s parent company has been
helping individuals and institutions work toward their financial goals since 1862. The Advisor offers investment solutions managed
by institutional money managers, taking a disciplined team approach to portfolio management and research, leveraging the expertise
of seasoned investment professionals. The Advisor has been managing closed-end funds since 1971. As of December 31, 2018, the Advisor
had total assets under management of approximately $131.8 billion.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Subject to general oversight by the Board
of Trustees, the Advisor manages and supervises the investment operations and business affairs of the Fund. The Advisor selects,
contracts with and compensates one or more subadvisors to manage all or a portion of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio assets subject
to oversight by the Advisor. In this role, the Advisor has supervisory responsibility for managing the investment and reinvestment
of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio assets through proactive oversight and monitoring of the Subadvisor and the Fund, as described in
further detail below. The Advisor is responsible for developing overall investment strategies for the Fund and overseeing and implementing
the Fund&rsquo;s continuous investment program and provides a variety of advisory oversight and investment research services. The
Advisor also provides management and transition services associated with certain fund events (e.g., strategy, portfolio manager
or subadvisor changes) and coordinates and oversees services provided under other agreements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor has ultimate responsibility
to oversee a subadvisor and recommended to the Board of Trustees its hiring, termination, and replacement. In this capacity, the
Advisor, among other things: (i) monitors on a daily basis the compliance of the subadvisor with the investment objectives and
related policies of the fund; (ii) monitors significant changes that may impact the subadvisor&rsquo;s overall business and regularly
performs due diligence reviews of the subadvisor; (iii) reviews the performance of the subadvisor; and (iv) reports periodically
on such performance to the Board of Trustees. The Advisor employs a team of investment professionals who provide these ongoing
research and monitoring services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Manulife Financial Corporation is a leading
international financial services group with principal operations in Asia, Canada and the United States. Operating primarily
as John Hancock in the United States and Manulife elsewhere, it provides financial protection products and advice, insurance,
as well as wealth and asset management services through its extensive network of solutions for individuals, groups and
institutions. As of December 31, 2018, it had over C$1.1 trillion (US$794 billion) in assets under management and
administration. Its global headquarters are in Toronto, Canada, and it trades as &lsquo;MFC&rsquo; on the Toronto Stock
Exchange, New York Stock Exchange (the &ldquo;NYSE&rdquo;), and the Philippine Stock Exchange, and under &lsquo;945&rsquo; in
Hong Kong. Manulife Financial Corporation can be found on the Internet at manulife.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Advisory Agreement. </I></B>The Fund
entered into an investment management contract dated July 1, 2009 (the &ldquo;Advisory Agreement&rdquo;) with the Advisor. As compensation
for its advisory services under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor receives a fee from the Fund, calculated and paid daily, at
an annual rate of the Fund&rsquo;s average daily managed assets. &ldquo;Managed assets&rdquo; means, for the purposes of calculating
the advisory fee, the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any leverage that may be outstanding) minus
the sum of accrued liabilities (other than liabilities representing financial leverage). The liquidation preference of any preferred
shares is not a liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement and subject
to the general supervision of the Trustees, the Advisor selects, contracts with, and compensates the Subadvisor to manage the investments
and determine the composition of the assets of the Fund. The Advisor does not itself manage any of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio assets
but has ultimate responsibility to oversee the Subadvisor and recommend its hiring, termination and replacement. In this capacity,
the Advisor monitors the Subadvisor&rsquo;s management of the Fund&rsquo;s investment operations in accordance with the investment
objectives and related investment policies of the Fund, reviews the performance of the Subadvisor and reports periodically on such
performance to the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Service Agreement. </I></B>The Fund
entered into a management-related service contract dated July 1, 2009 and re-executed on January 1, 2014 (the &ldquo;Service Agreement&rdquo;)
with JHA, under which the Fund receives Non-Advisory Services. These &ldquo;Non-Advisory Services&rdquo; include, but are not
limited to, legal, tax, accounting, valuation, financial reporting and performance, compliance, service provider oversight, portfolio
and cash management, project management office, EDGAR conversion and filing, graphic design, and other services that are not investment
advisory in nature. JHA is reimbursed for its costs in providing Non-Advisory Services to the Fund under the Service Agreement.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>THE SUBADVISOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Subadvisory Agreement. </I></B>The
Advisor entered into a Subadvisory Agreement dated December 31, 2005 with the Subadvisor (the &ldquo;Subadvisory Agreement&rdquo;).
The Subadvisor is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio investments. The Subadvisor, organized
in 1968, is a wholly owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.) (a subsidiary of Manulife Financial, a publicly
held, Canadian-based company). As of December 31, 2018, the Subadvisor had total assets under management of approximately $184.6
billion. The Subadvisor is located at 101 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02199.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the terms of the Subadvisory Agreement,
the Subadvisor is responsible for managing the investment and reinvestment of the assets of the Fund, subject to the supervision
and control of the Board and the Advisor. For services rendered by the Subadvisor under the Subadvisory Agreement, the Advisor
(and not the Fund) pays the Subadvisor a fee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>PORTFOLIO MANAGERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Below is a list of the Fund&rsquo;s investment
management team at the Subadvisor, listed in alphabetical order, which includes a brief summary of their business careers during
the past five years. These managers are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio.
These managers are employed by the Subadvisor. For more details about these individuals, including information about their compensation,
other accounts they manage and any investments they may have in the Fund, see the SAI.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>John F. Addeo, CFA</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Chief
Investment Officer, US Fixed-Income, John Hancock Asset Management since 2012</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 13.5pt 0pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.9pt">Investment
Officer, Portfolio Manager/Analyst, High Yield Bond Group, MFS Investment Management (1998&mdash;2012)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Began
business career in 1984</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Joined
Fund team in 2013</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Jeffrey N. Given, CFA</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Senior
Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager, John Hancock Asset Management since 2012</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Managing
Director, John Hancock Asset Management (2005&mdash;2012)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.4pt">Second Vice President,
John Hancock Advisers LLC (1993&mdash;2005)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Began
business career in 1993</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Joined
Fund team in 1999</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Dennis F. McCafferty, CFA</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Managing
Director, Portfolio Manager, John Hancock Asset Management since 2009</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Investment
analyst, John Hancock Asset Management (2008&mdash;2009)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.4pt">Principal and senior
analyst, Pardus Capital Management (2005&mdash;2008)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Began
business career in 1995</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">Joined
Fund team in 2013</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s portfolio securities are
held pursuant to a custodian agreement between the Fund and State Street Bank and Trust Company (&ldquo;State Street&rdquo; or
the &ldquo;Custodian&rdquo;), State Street Financial Center, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111. Under the custodian
agreement, State Street performs custody, foreign custody manager and fund accounting services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Computershare, Inc., 250 Royall Street,
Canton, Massachusetts, 02021, is the transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent of the Fund.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_011"></A>Determination of Net Asset
Value</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s net asset value per Common
Share (&ldquo;NAV&rdquo;) is normally determined each business day at the close of regular trading on the NYSE (typically 4:00
p.m. Eastern Time, on each business day that the NYSE is open) by dividing the Fund&rsquo;s net assets by the number of Common
Shares outstanding. In case of emergency or other disruption resulting in the NYSE not opening for trading or the NYSE closing
at a time other than the regularly scheduled close, the NAV may be determined as of the regularly scheduled close of the NYSE pursuant
to the Fund's Valuation Policies and Procedures. The time at which shares and transactions are priced and until which orders are
accepted may vary to the extent permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission and applicable regulations. On holidays or
other days when the NYSE is closed, the NAV is not calculated. Trading of securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges
may take place on weekends and U.S. business holidays on which the Fund&rsquo;s NAV is not calculated. Consequently, the Fund&rsquo;s
portfolio securities may trade and the NAV of the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares may be significantly affected on days when a shareholder
will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Portfolio securities are valued by various
methods that are generally described below. Portfolio securities also may be fair valued by the Fund&rsquo;s Pricing Committee
in certain instances pursuant to procedures established by the Trustees. Equity securities are generally valued at the last sale
price or, for certain markets, the official closing price as of the close of the relevant exchange. Securities not traded on a
particular day are valued using last available bid prices. A security that is listed or traded on more than one exchange is typically
valued at the price on the exchange where the security was acquired or most likely will be sold. In certain instances, the Pricing
Committee may determine to value equity securities using prices obtained from another exchange or market if trading on the exchange
or market on which prices are typically obtained did not open for trading as scheduled, or if trading closed earlier than scheduled,
and trading occurred as normal on another exchange or market. Equity securities traded principally in foreign markets are typically
valued using the last sale price or official closing price in the relevant exchange or market, as adjusted by an independent pricing
vendor to reflect fair value. On any day a foreign market is closed and the NYSE is open, any foreign securities will typically
be valued using the last price or official closing price obtained from the relevant exchange on the prior business day adjusted
based on information provided by an independent pricing vendor to reflect fair value. Debt obligations are valued based on evaluated
prices provided by an independent pricing vendor. The value of securities denominated in foreign currencies is converted into U.S.
dollars at the exchange rate provided by an independent pricing vendor. Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the most
recent bid and ask prices. Futures contracts are typically valued at settlement prices. If settlement prices are not available,
futures contracts may be valued using last traded prices. Shares of open-end investment companies that are not exchange-traded
funds (&ldquo;ETFs&rdquo;) held by the Fund are valued based on the NAVs of such other investment companies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pricing vendors may use matrix pricing or
valuation models that utilize certain inputs and assumptions to derive values, including transaction data, credit quality information,
general market conditions, news, and other factors and assumptions.&nbsp;Special valuation considerations may apply with respect
to the Fund&rsquo;s &ldquo;odd-lot&rdquo; positions, if any, as the Fund may receive different prices when it sells such positions
than it would receive for sales of institutional round lot positions.&nbsp;Pricing vendors generally value securities assuming
orderly transactions of institutional round lot sizes, but the Fund may hold or transact in such securities in smaller, odd lot
sizes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Pricing Committee engages in oversight
activities with respect to the Fund&rsquo;s pricing vendors, which includes, among other things, monitoring significant or unusual
price fluctuations above predetermined tolerance levels from the prior day, back-testing of pricing vendor prices against actual
trades, conducting periodic due diligence meetings and reviews, and periodically reviewing the inputs, assumptions and methodologies
used by these vendors.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If market quotations, official closing prices,
or information furnished by a pricing vendor are not readily available or are otherwise deemed unreliable or not representative
of the fair value of such security because of market- or issuer-specific events, a security will be valued at its fair value as
determined in good faith by the Trustees. The Trustees are assisted in their responsibility to fair value securities by the Fund&rsquo;s
Pricing Committee, and the actual calculation of a security&rsquo;s fair value may be made by the Pricing Committee acting pursuant
to the procedures established by the Trustees. In certain instances, therefore, the Pricing Committee may determine that a reported
valuation does not reflect fair value, based on additional information available or other factors, and may accordingly determine
in good faith the fair value of the assets, which may differ from the reported valuation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Fair value pricing of securities is intended
to help ensure that the Fund&rsquo;s NAV reflects the fair market value of the Fund&rsquo;s portfolio securities as of the close
of regular trading on the NYSE (as opposed to a value that no longer reflects market value as of such close). The use of fair
value pricing has the effect of valuing a security based upon the price the Fund might reasonably expect to receive if it sold
that security in an orderly transaction between market participants, but does not guarantee that the security can be sold at the
fair value price. Further, because of the inherent uncertainty and subjective nature of fair valuation, a fair valuation price
may differ significantly from the value that</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">would have been used had a readily available
market price for the investment existed and these differences could be material.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Regarding the Fund&rsquo;s investment in an open-end investment
company that is not an ETF, which (as noted above) is valued at such investment company&rsquo;s NAV, the prospectus for such investment
company explains the circumstances and effects of fair value pricing for that investment company</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_012"></A>Distribution Policy</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund makes regular quarterly distributions
to Common Shareholders sourced from the Fund&rsquo;s cash available for distribution. &ldquo;Cash available for distribution&rdquo;
consists of the Fund&rsquo;s (i) investment company taxable income, which includes among other things, dividend and ordinary income
after payment of Fund expenses, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, and income from certain
hedging and interest rate transactions and (ii) net long-term capital gain (gain from the sale of capital assets held longer than
one year). The Board may modify this distribution policy at any time without obtaining the approval of Common Shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Expenses of the Fund are accrued each day.
To the extent that the Fund&rsquo;s net investment income for any year exceeds the total quarterly distributions paid during the
year, the Fund may make a special distribution at or near year-end of such excess amount as may be required. If it does, over time,
all of the Fund&rsquo;s investment company taxable income will be distributed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If, for any calendar year, as discussed
above, the total distributions made exceed the Fund&rsquo;s net investment taxable income and net capital gain, the excess generally
will be treated as a return of capital to each Common Shareholder (up to the amount of the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s basis in
his or her Common Shares) and thereafter as gain from the sale of Common Shares. The amount treated as a return of capital reduces
the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s adjusted basis in his or her Common Shares, thereby increasing his or her potential gain or reducing
his or her potential loss on the subsequent sale of his or her Common Shares. Distributions in any year may include a substantial
return of capital component.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the 1940
Act, in the event the Fund makes distributions from sources other than income, a notice will accompany each quarterly distribution
with respect to the estimated source of the distribution made. Such notices will describe the portion, if any, of the quarterly
dividend which, in the Fund&rsquo;s good faith judgment, constitutes long-term capital gain, short-term capital gain, net investment
income or a return of capital. The actual character of such dividend distributions for U.S. federal income tax purposes, however,
will only be determined finally by the Fund at the close of its fiscal year, based on the Fund&rsquo;s full year performance and
its actual net investment company taxable income and net capital gain for the year, which may result in a recharacterization of
amounts distributed during such fiscal year from the characterization in the quarterly estimates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At least annually, the Fund intends to distribute
any net capital gain (which is the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) or, alternatively, to
retain all or a portion of the year&rsquo;s net capital gain and pay U.S. federal income tax on the retained gain. As provided
under U.S. federal tax law, Common Shareholders of record as of the end of the Fund&rsquo;s taxable year will include their attributable
share of the retained gain in their income for the year as a long-term capital gain, and will be entitled to a tax credit or refund
for the tax deemed paid on their behalf by the Fund. The Fund may treat the cash value of tax credit and refund amounts in connection
with retained capital gain as a substitute for equivalent cash distributions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The tax treatment and characterization
of the Fund&rsquo;s distributions may vary substantially from time to time because of the varied nature of the Fund&rsquo;s investments.
If the Fund&rsquo;s total quarterly distributions in any year exceed the amount of its net investment taxable income for the year,
any such excess would be characterized as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent not designated
as a capital gain dividend. Distributions in any year may include a substantial return of capital component. Under the 1940 Act,
for any distribution that includes amounts from sources other than net income (calculated on a book basis), the Fund is required
to provide Common Shareholders a written statement regarding the components of such distribution. Such a statement will be provided
at the time of any distribution believed to include any such amounts. A return of capital is a distribution to Common Shareholders
that is not attributable to the Fund&rsquo;s earnings but, represents a return of part of the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s investment.
If the Fund&rsquo;s distributions exceed the Fund&rsquo;s current and accumulated earnings and profits, such excess will be treated
first as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder&rsquo;s tax basis in Common Shares (thus reducing a shareholder&rsquo;s
adjusted tax basis in his or her Common Shares), and thereafter as capital gain assuming Common Shares are held as a capital asset.
Upon the sale of Common Shares, a shareholder generally will recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the
amount realized on the sale and the shareholder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in Common Shares sold. For example, in year one, a
Common Shareholder purchased 100 shares of the Fund at $10 per Share. In year</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">two, the Common Shareholder received a $1-per-share
return of capital distribution, which reduced the basis in each share by $1, to give the Common Shareholder an adjusted basis of
$9 per share. In year three, the Common Shareholder sells the 100 shares for $15 per Share. Assuming no other transactions during
this period, a Common Shareholder would have a capital gain in year three of $6 per share ($15 minus $9) for a total capital gain
of $600.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The 1940 Act currently limits the number
of times the Fund may distribute long-term capital gain in any tax year, which may increase the variability of the Fund&rsquo;s
distributions and result in certain distributions being composed more heavily of long-term capital gain eligible for favorable
income tax rates. In the future, the Advisor may seek Board approval to implement a managed distribution plan for the Fund. The
managed distribution plan would be implemented pursuant to an exemptive order previously granted by the SEC, which provides an
exemption from Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 19b-1 thereunder to permit the Fund to include long-term capital gain as
a part of its regular distributions to Common Shareholders more frequently than would otherwise be permitted by the 1940 Act (generally
once or twice per year). If the Fund implements a managed distribution plan, it would do so without a vote of the Common Shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Distribution rates are based on projected
quarterly cash available for distribution, which may result in fluctuations in quarterly rates. As a result, the distributions
paid by the Fund for any particular quarter may be more or less than the amount of cash available for distribution from that quarterly
period. In certain circumstances, the Fund may be required to sell a portion of its investment portfolio to fund distributions.
Distributions will reduce the Common Shares&rsquo; NAV.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Common Shareholders may automatically reinvest
some or all of their distributions in additional Common Shares under the Fund&rsquo;s dividend reinvestment plan. See &ldquo;Dividend
Reinvestment Plan.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_013"></A>Dividend Reinvestment Plan</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Fund&rsquo;s Dividend Reinvestment
Plan (the &ldquo;Plan&rdquo;), distributions of dividends and capital gain are automatically reinvested in Common Shares by Computershare,
Inc. (the &ldquo;Plan Agent&rdquo;). Every shareholder holding at least one full share of the Fund is automatically enrolled in
the Plan. Shareholders who do not participate in the Plan will receive all distributions in cash.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If the Fund declares a dividend or distribution
payable either in cash or in Common Shares and the market price of shares on the payment date for the distribution or dividend
equals or exceeds the Fund&rsquo;s NAV per share, the Fund will issue Common Shares to participants at a value equal to the higher
of NAV or 95% of the market price. The number of additional Common Shares to be credited to each participant&rsquo;s account will
be determined by dividing the dollar amount of the distribution or dividend by the higher of NAV or 95% of the market price. If
the market price is lower than NAV, or if dividends or distributions are payable only in cash, then participants will receive Common
Shares purchased by the Plan Agent on participants&rsquo; behalf on the NYSE or otherwise on the open market. If the market price
exceeds NAV before the Plan Agent has completed its purchases, the average per share purchase price may exceed NAV, resulting in
fewer Common Shares being acquired than if the Fund had issued new Common Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">There are no brokerage charges with respect
to Common Shares issued directly by the Fund. However, whenever shares are purchased or sold on the NYSE or otherwise on the open
market, each participant will pay a <I>pro rata </I>portion of brokerage trading fees, currently $0.05 per share purchased or sold.
Brokerage trading fees will be deducted from amounts to be invested.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The reinvestment of dividends and net capital
gain distributions does not relieve participants of any income tax that may be payable on such dividends or distributions even
though cash is not received by the participant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Shareholders participating in the Plan may buy additional Common
Shares of the Fund through the Plan at any time in amounts of at least $50 per investment, up to a maximum of $10,000, with a
total calendar year limit of $100,000. Shareholders will be charged a $5 transaction fee plus $0.05 per share brokerage trading
fee for each order. Purchases of additional shares of the Fund will be made on the open market. Shareholders who elect to utilize
monthly electronic fund transfers to buy additional shares of the Fund will be charged a $2 transaction fee plus $0.05 per share
brokerage trading fee for each automatic purchase. Shareholders also can sell Fund shares held in the Plan account at any time
by contacting the Plan Agent by telephone, in writing or by visiting the Plan Agent&rsquo;s website at www.computershare.com/investor
The Plan Agent will mail a check (less applicable brokerage trading fees) on settlement date. Pursuant to regulatory changes,
effective September 5, 2017, the settlement date is changed from three business days after the shares have been sold to two business
days after the shares have been sold. If</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">shareholders choose to sell shares through their stockbroker,
they will need to request that the Plan Agent electronically transfer those shares to their stockbroker through the Direct Registration
System.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Shareholders participating in the Plan may
elect to receive all distributions in cash by withdrawing from the Plan at any time by contacting the Plan Agent by telephone,
in writing or by visiting the Plan Agent&rsquo;s website at www.computershare.com/investor. Such termination will be effective
immediately if the notice is received by the Plan Agent prior to any dividend or distribution record date; otherwise, such termination
will be effective on the first trading day after the payment date for such dividend or distribution, with respect to any subsequent
dividend or distribution. If you withdraw, your shares will be credited to your account; or, if you wish, the Plan Agent will sell
your full and fractional shares and send you the proceeds, less a transaction fee of $5.00 and less brokerage trading fees of $0.05
per share. If a shareholder does not maintain at least one whole share of common stock in the Plan account, the Plan Agent may
terminate such shareholder&rsquo;s participation in the Plan after written notice. Upon termination, shareholders will be sent
a check for the cash value of any fractional share in the Plan account, less any applicable broker commissions and taxes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Shareholders who hold at least one full
share of the Fund may join the Plan by notifying the Plan Agent by telephone, in writing or by visiting the Plan Agent&rsquo;s
website at www.computershare.com/investor. If received in proper form by the Plan Agent before the record date of a dividend, the
election will be effective with respect to all dividends paid after such record date. If you wish to participate in the Plan and
your shares are held in the name of a brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, please contact your nominee to see if it will participate
in the Plan for you. If you wish to participate in the Plan, but your brokerage firm, bank or other nominee is unable to participate
on your behalf, you will need to request that your shares be re-registered in your own name, or you will not be able to participate.
The Plan Agent will administer the Plan on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by you as representing
the total amount registered in your name and held for your account by your nominee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Experience under the Plan may indicate that
changes are desirable. Accordingly, the Fund and the Plan Agent reserve the right to amend or terminate the Plan. Participants
generally will receive written notice at least 90 days before the effective date of any amendment. In the case of termination,
participants will receive written notice at least 90 days before the record date for the payment of any dividend or distribution
by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">All correspondence or additional information
about the Plan should be directed to Computershare, Inc. (Telephone: 800-852-0218 (within the U.S. and Canada), 201-680-6578 (International
Telephone Inquiries), and 201-680-6610 (For the Hearing Impaired (TDD)).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_014"></A>Closed-End Fund Structure</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Closed-end funds differ from open-end management
investment companies (which generally are referred to as &ldquo;mutual funds&rdquo;) in that closed-end funds generally list their
shares for trading on a securities exchange and do not redeem their shares at the option of the shareholder. Mutual funds do not
trade on securities exchanges and issue securities redeemable at the option of the shareholder. The continuous outflows of assets
in a mutual fund can make it difficult to manage the fund&rsquo;s investments. Closed-end funds generally are able to stay more
fully invested in securities that are consistent with their investment objectives and also have greater flexibility to make certain
types of investments and to use certain investment strategies, such as financial leverage and investments in illiquid securities.
The Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares are designed primarily for long-term investors; you should not purchase Common Shares if you intend
to sell them shortly after purchase.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Common shares of closed-end funds frequently
trade at prices lower than their NAV. Since inception, the market price of the Common Shares has fluctuated and at times has traded
below the Fund&rsquo;s NAV and at times has traded above the Fund&rsquo;s NAV. The Fund cannot predict whether in the future the
Common Shares will trade at, above or below NAV. In addition to NAV, the market price of the Fund&rsquo;s Common Shares may be
affected by such factors as the Fund&rsquo;s dividend stability, dividend levels, which are in turn affected by expenses, and market
supply and demand.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In recognition of the possibility that
Common Shares may trade at a discount from their NAV, and that any such discount may not be in the best interest of Common Shareholders,
the Board, in consultation with the Advisor, from time to time may review possible actions to reduce any such discount. There
can be no assurance that the Board will decide to undertake any of these actions or that, if undertaken, such actions would result
in Common Shares trading at a price equal to or close to NAV per Common Share. In the event that the Fund conducts an offering
of new Common Shares and such offering constitutes a &ldquo;distribution&rdquo; under Regulation M, the Fund and certain of its
affiliates may be subject to an applicable restricted period that could limit the timing of any repurchases by the Fund.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_015"></A>U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following discussion of U.S. federal
income tax matters is based on the advice of K&amp;L Gates LLP. The Fund has elected to be treated and to qualify each year as
a regulated investment company (a &ldquo;RIC&rdquo;) under the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements
relating to sources of its income and diversification of its total assets and to distribute substantially all of its net income
and net short-term capital gain (after reduction by net long-term capital loss and any available capital loss carryforwards) in
accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying U.S. federal
income or excise tax thereon. To the extent it qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution
requirements, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends
or capital gain distributions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At least annually, the Fund intends to distribute
any net capital gain (which is the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) or, alternatively, to
retain all or a portion of the year&rsquo;s net capital gain and pay U.S. federal income tax on the retained gain. As provided
under U.S. federal tax law, Common Shareholders of record as of the end of the Fund&rsquo;s taxable year will include their attributable
share of the retained gain in their income for the year as long-term capital gain (regardless of holding period in Common Shares),
and will be entitled to a tax credit or refund for the tax paid on their behalf by the Fund. Common Shareholders of record for
the retained capital gain also will be entitled to increase their tax basis in their Common Shares by an amount equal to the deemed
distribution less the tax credit. Distributions of the Fund&rsquo;s net capital gain (&ldquo;capital gain distributions&rdquo;),
if any, are taxable to Common Shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of their holding period in Common Shares. Distributions
of the Fund&rsquo;s net realized short-term capital gain will be taxable as ordinary income.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If, for any calendar year, the Fund&rsquo;s
total distributions exceed the Fund&rsquo;s current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be treated as a return
of capital to each Common Shareholder (up to the amount of the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s basis in his or her Common Shares) and
thereafter as gain from the sale of Common Shares (assuming Common Shares are held as a capital asset). The amount treated as a
return of capital reduces the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s adjusted basis in his or her Common Shares, thereby increasing his or
her potential gain or reducing his or her potential loss on the subsequent sale or other disposition of his or her Common Shares.
See below for a summary of the current maximum tax rates applicable to long-term capital gain (including capital gain distributions).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For federal income tax purposes, the Fund
is generally permitted to carry forward a net capital loss incurred in any taxable year beginning on or after December 23, 2010,
for an unlimited period to offset net capital gains, if any, during its taxable years following the year of the loss. The carryforward
of capital losses realized in taxable years beginning prior to December 23, 2010, however, is limited to an eight-year period following
the year of realization. Further, capital losses carried forward from taxable years beginning on or after December 23, 2010 will
retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses, rather than being considered all short-term as under previous
law. The Fund must use losses that do not expire before it uses losses that do expire, and the Fund&rsquo;s ability to utilize
capital losses in a given year or in total may be limited. To the extent subsequent net capital gains are offset by such losses,
they would not result in federal income tax liability to the Fund and would not be distributed as such to shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To qualify as a RIC for income tax purposes,
the Fund must derive at least 90% of its annual gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans,
gain from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited
to, gain from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in stock, securities and
currencies, and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. A &ldquo;qualified publicly traded
partnership&rdquo; is a publicly traded partnership that meets certain requirements with respect to the nature of its income.
To qualify as a RIC, the Fund must also satisfy certain requirements with respect to the diversification of its assets. The Fund
must have, at the close of each quarter of the taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets represented by cash,
cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities that, in respect
of any one issuer, do not represent more than 5% of the value of the assets of the Fund nor more than 10% of the voting securities
of that issuer. In addition, at those times not more than 25% of the value of the Fund&rsquo;s assets can be invested in securities
(other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, or of two
or more issuers, which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or
businesses, or of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. If the Fund fails to meet the annual gross income test described
above, the Fund will nevertheless be considered to have satisfied the test if (i) (a) such failure is due to reasonable cause
and not due to willful neglect and (b) the Fund reports the failure, and (ii) the Fund pays an excise tax equal to the excess
non-qualifying income. If the Fund fails to meet the asset diversification test described above with respect to any quarter, the
Fund will nevertheless be considered to have</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">satisfied the requirements for such quarter
if the Fund cures such failure within 6 months and either (i) such failure is <I>de minimis </I>or (ii) (a) such failure is due
to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and (b) the Fund reports the failure and pays an excise tax.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be
subject to federal income tax on its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code, but without regard
to the deductions for dividend paid) and net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital
loss), if any, that it distributes in each taxable year to its shareholders, provided that it distributes at least the sum of 90%
of its investment company taxable income and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income for such taxable year. The Fund intends
to distribute to its shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income, net tax-exempt
income and net capital gain. In order to avoid incurring a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that
the Fund distribute (or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum
of (i) 98% of its ordinary income for such year, (ii) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized
net long-term capital gain over its realized net short-term capital loss), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period
ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards and (iii) 100% of any ordinary income
and capital gain net income from the prior year (as previously computed) that were not paid out during such year and on which the
Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for
any taxable year, the Fund&rsquo;s taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings
and profits, including distributions of net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as ordinary income. Such
distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of individual and other non-corporate
shareholders and (ii) for the dividends received deduction (&ldquo;DRD&rdquo;) in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition,
in order to requalify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gain, pay substantial taxes and interest,
and make certain distributions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain of the Fund&rsquo;s investment practices
are subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) convert dividends that
would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income into ordinary income, (ii) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible
for the corporate DRD as ineligible for such treatment, (iii) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain loss
or deductions, (iv) convert long-term capital gain into short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (v) convert an ordinary loss
or deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (vi) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain
without a corresponding receipt of cash, (vii) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur,
(viii) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions, and (ix) produce income that will not qualify
as good income for purposes of the income requirement that applies to RICs. While it may not always be successful in doing so,
the Fund will seek to avoid or minimize the adverse tax consequences of its investment practices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss)
from a constructive sale of certain &ldquo;appreciated financial positions&rdquo; if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting
notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical
property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and
forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction
is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying
appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Gain or loss from a short sale of property
generally is considered as capital gain or loss to the extent the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset
in the Fund&rsquo;s hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term
holding period on the date the short sale is entered into, gain on short sales generally are short-term capital gain. A loss on
a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, &ldquo;substantially identical property&rdquo;
has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In addition, entering into a short sale may result in suspension of the holding
period of &ldquo;substantially identical property&rdquo; held by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Gain or loss on a short sale generally
will not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive
sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires
property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on
the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds
an appreciated financial position with respect to securities</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">and then enters into a short sale with respect
to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position
were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated
financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the
date of the constructive sale.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund will inform Common Shareholders
of the source and tax status of all distributions promptly after the close of each calendar year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Selling Common Shareholders generally will
recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale and the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s
adjusted tax basis in the Common Shares sold. If Common Shares are held as a capital asset, the gain or loss will be a capital
gain or loss. The maximum tax rate applicable to net capital gain recognized by individuals and other non-corporate taxpayers is
(i) the same as the maximum ordinary income tax rate for gain recognized on the sale of capital assets held for one year or less
(currently 37%), or (ii) for gain recognized on the sale of capital assets held for more than one year (as well as any capital
gain distributions), 20%, 15%, or 0% for individuals depending on the amount of their taxable income for the year. An additional
3.8% Medicare tax will also apply in the case of some individuals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any loss on a disposition of Common Shares
held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain distributions received
with respect to those Common Shares. For purposes of determining whether Common Shares have been held for six months or less, the
holding period is suspended for any periods during which the Common Shareholder&rsquo;s risk of loss is diminished as a result
of holding one or more other positions in substantially similar or related property, or through certain options or short sales.
Any loss realized on a sale or exchange of Common Shares will be disallowed to the extent those Common Shares are replaced by other
Common Shares within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the date of disposition of Common Shares
(whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise). In that event, the basis of the replacement Common Shares will
be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">An investor should be aware that, if Common
Shares are purchased shortly before the record date for any taxable distribution (including a capital gain distribution), the purchase
price likely will reflect the value of the distribution and the investor then would receive a taxable distribution that is likely
to reduce the trading value of such Common Shares, in effect resulting in a taxable return of some of the purchase price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Taxable distributions to certain individuals
and certain other non-corporate Common Shareholders, including those who have not provided their correct taxpayer identification
number and other required certifications, may be subject to &ldquo;backup&rdquo; U.S. federal income tax withholding at the fourth
lowest rate of tax applicable to a single individual (24%). Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may
be refunded or credited against such shareholder&rsquo;s U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that the required
information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">An investor also should be aware that the
benefits of the reduced tax rate applicable to long-term capital gain and qualified dividend income may be impacted by the application
of the alternative minimum tax to individual shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&rsquo;s investments in non-U.S.
securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on dividends, interest, or capital gain, which will decrease the Fund&rsquo;s
yield. Foreign withholding taxes may be reduced under income tax treaties between the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Depending on the number of non-U.S. shareholders
in the Fund, however, such reduced foreign withholding tax rates may not be available for investments in certain jurisdictions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The foregoing briefly summarizes some of
the important U.S. federal income tax consequences to Common Shareholders of investing in Common Shares, reflects the U.S. federal
tax law as of the date of this Prospectus, and does not address special tax rules applicable to certain types of investors, such
as corporate and non-U.S. investors. A more complete discussion of the tax rules applicable to the Fund and the Common Shareholders
can be found in the SAI that is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. Unless otherwise noted, this discussion assumes
that an investor is a U.S. person and holds Common Shares as a capital asset. This discussion is based upon current provisions
of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder, and judicial and administrative ruling authorities, all of which are subject
to change or differing interpretations by the courts or the IRS retroactively or prospectively. Investors</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">should consult their tax advisors regarding
other U.S. federal, state or local tax considerations that may be applicable in their particular circumstances, as well as any
proposed tax law changes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_016"></A>Plan of Distribution</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may sell the Common Shares being
offered under this Prospectus in any one or more of the following ways: (i) directly to purchasers; (ii) through agents; (iii)
to or through underwriters; or (iv) through dealers. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering will identify any agents,
underwriters or dealers involved in the offer or sale of Common Shares, and will set forth any applicable offering price, sales
load, fee, commission or discount arrangement between the Fund and its agents or underwriters, or among its underwriters, or the
basis upon which such amount may be calculated, net proceeds and use of proceeds, and the terms of any sale.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may distribute Common Shares from
time to time in one or more transactions at: (i) a fixed price or prices, which may be changed; (ii) market prices prevailing at
the time of sale; (iii) prices related to prevailing market prices; or (iv) negotiated prices; provided, however, that in each
case the offering price per Common Share (less any underwriting commission or discount) must equal or exceed the NAV per Common
Share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund from time to time may offer its
Common Shares through or to certain broker-dealers, including UBS Securities LLC, that have entered into selected dealer agreements relating
to at-the-market offerings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may directly solicit offers to
purchase Common Shares, or the Fund may designate agents to solicit such offers. The Fund will, in a Prospectus Supplement relating
to such offering, name any agent that could be viewed as an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities
Act&rdquo;), and describe any commissions the Fund must pay. Any such agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period
of its appointment or, if indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement or other offering materials, on a firm commitment basis.
Agents, dealers and underwriters may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for the Fund in the ordinary
course of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If any underwriters or agents are used in
the sale of Common Shares in respect of which this Prospectus is delivered, the Fund will enter into an underwriting agreement
or other agreement with them at the time of sale to them, and the Fund will set forth in the Prospectus Supplement relating to
such offering their names and the terms of the Fund&rsquo;s agreement with them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a dealer is utilized in the sale of Common
Shares in respect of which this Prospectus is delivered, the Fund will sell such Common Shares to the dealer, as principal. The
dealer may then resell such Common Shares to the public at varying prices to be determined by such dealer at the time of resale.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may engage in at-the-market offerings
to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise, in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4)
under the Securities Act. An at-the-market offering may be through an underwriter or underwriters acting as principal or agent
for the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Agents, underwriters and dealers may be
entitled under agreements which they may enter into with the Fund to indemnification by the Fund against certain civil liabilities,
including liabilities under the Securities Act, and may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for the
Fund in the ordinary course of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In order to facilitate the offering of
Common Shares, any underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of Common Shares
or any other Common Shares the prices of which may be used to determine payments on the Common Shares. Specifically, any underwriters
may over-allot in connection with the offering, creating a short position for their own accounts. In addition, to cover over-allotments
or to stabilize the price of Common Shares or of any such other Common Shares, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, Common
Shares or any such other Common Shares in the open market. Finally, in any offering of Common Shares through a syndicate of underwriters,
the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing Common Shares
in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed Common Shares in transactions to cover syndicate short positions,
in stabilization transactions or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of Common Shares
above independent market levels. Any such underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these
activities at any time.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may enter into derivative transactions
with third parties, or sell Common Shares not covered by this Prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions.
If the applicable Prospectus Supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell Common Shares
covered by this Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement or other offering materials, including in short sale transactions.
If so, the third parties may use Common Shares pledged by the Fund or borrowed from the Fund or others to settle those sales or
to close out any related open borrowings of securities, and may use Common Shares received from the Fund in settlement of those
derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of securities. The third parties in such sale transactions will be underwriters
and, if not identified in this Prospectus, will be identified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement or other offering materials
(or a post-effective amendment).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund or one of the Fund&rsquo;s affiliates
may loan or pledge Common Shares to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell Common Shares using this
Prospectus. Such financial institution or third party may transfer its short position to investors in Common Shares or in connection
with a simultaneous offering of other Common Shares offered by this Prospectus or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The maximum amount of compensation to be
received by any member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. will not exceed 8% of the initial gross proceeds from
the sale of any security being sold with respect to each particular offering of Common Shares made under a single Prospectus Supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any underwriter, agent or dealer utilized
in the initial offering of Common Shares will not confirm sales to accounts over which it exercises discretionary authority without
the prior specific written approval of its customer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_017"></A>Description of Capital Structure</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is a business trust established
under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts by the Declaration of Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board
may authorize separate classes of shares of beneficial interest. The Board has authorized an unlimited number of Common Shares.
The Fund holds annual meetings of Common Shareholders in compliance with the requirements of the NYSE.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>COMMON SHARES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Declaration of Trust permits the Fund
to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional Common Shares of beneficial interest, with or without par value. Each Common
Share represents an equal proportionate interest in the assets of the Fund with each other Common Share in the Fund. Common Shareholders
will be entitled to the payment of distributions when, and if declared by the Fund. The 1940 Act or the terms of any future borrowings
or issuance of preferred shares may limit the payment of distributions to the Common Shareholders. Each whole Common Share is entitled
to one vote and each fractional Common Share is entitled to a proportionate fractional vote as to matters on which it is entitled
to vote pursuant to the terms of the Declaration of Trust. Upon termination of the Fund, after paying or adequately providing for
the payment of all liabilities of the Fund and the liquidation preference with respect to any outstanding preferred shares, and
upon receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements as the Trustees deem necessary , the Trustees may distribute
the remaining assets of the Fund among the Common Shareholders. The Declaration of Trust provides that Common Shareholders are
not liable for any liabilities of the Fund, and indemnifies shareholders against any such liability. Although shareholders of a
business trust established under Massachusetts law, in certain limited circumstances, may be held personally liable for the obligations
of the business trust as though they were general partners, the provisions of the Declaration of Trust described in the foregoing
sentence make the likelihood of such personal liability remote. The Fund will not issue Common Share certificates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund has no current intention to issue
preferred shares. However, if at some future time there are any preferred shares outstanding, subject to certain exceptions, the
Fund might not be permitted to declare any cash distribution on its Common Shares, unless at the time of such declaration, (i)
all accrued distributions on preferred shares and any accrued interest on borrowings, if any, have been paid and (ii) the value
of the Fund&rsquo;s total assets (determined after deducting the amount of such distribution), less all liabilities and indebtedness
of the Fund not represented by senior securities, is at least 300% of the aggregate amount of any securities representing indebtedness
and at least 200% of the aggregate amount of any securities representing indebtedness plus the aggregate liquidation value of
the outstanding preferred shares. In addition to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Fund may be required to comply with other
asset coverage requirements under a liquidity facility or as a condition of the Fund obtaining a rating of preferred shares from
a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (a &ldquo;Rating Agency&rdquo;). These requirements may include an asset
coverage test more stringent than under the 1940 Act. This limitation on the Fund&rsquo;s ability to</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">make distributions on its Common Shares
could in certain circumstances impair the ability of the Fund to maintain its qualification for taxation as a RIC for U.S. federal
income tax purposes. If the Fund were in the future to issue preferred shares, it would intend, however, to the extent possible,
to purchase or redeem preferred shares from time to time to maintain compliance with such asset coverage requirements and may pay
special distributions to the holders of the preferred shares in certain circumstances in connection with any potential impairment
of the Fund&rsquo;s status as a RIC. Depending on the timing of any such redemption or repayment, the Fund may be required to pay
a premium in addition to the liquidation preference of the preferred shares to the holders thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund has no present intention of offering
additional Common Shares, except as described herein. Other offerings of its Common Shares, if made, will require approval of the
Board. Any additional offering will not be sold at a price per Common Share below the then current NAV (exclusive of underwriting
discounts and commissions) except in connection with an offering to existing Common Shareholders or with the consent of a majority
of the Fund&rsquo;s outstanding Common Shares. Common Shares have no preemptive rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>LIQUIDITY FACILITY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund has entered into the LA with State
Street Bank and Trust Company (&quot;SSB&quot;) that allows it to borrow or otherwise access funds through a line of credit, securities
lending and reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund pledges its assets as collateral to secure obligations under the LA. The Fund
retains the risks and rewards of the ownership of assets pledged to secure obligations under the LA and makes these assets available
for securities lending and reverse repurchase transactions with SSB acting as the Fund's authorized agent for these transactions.
All transactions initiated through SSB are required to be secured with cash collateral received from the securities borrower or
cash is received from the reverse repurchase agreement counterparties. Securities lending transactions (other than reverse repurchase)
will be secured with cash collateral in amounts at least equal to 100% of the market value of the securities utilized in these
transactions. Cash received by SSB from securities lending or reverse repurchase transactions is credited against the amounts borrowed
under the line of credit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Upon return of securities by the borrower
or reverse repurchase counterparty, SSB will return the cash collateral to the borrower or proceeds from the reverse repurchase
transaction, as applicable, which will eliminate the credit against the line of credit and will cause the drawdowns under the line
of credit to increase by the amounts returned. Income earned on the loaned securities is retained by SSB, and any interest due
on the reverse repurchase agreements is paid by SSB.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">SSB has indemnified the fund for certain
losses that may arise if the borrower or a reverse repurchase counterparty fails to return securities when due. With respect to
securities lending transactions, upon a default of the securities borrower, SSB uses the collateral received from the borrower
to purchase replacement securities of the same issue, type, class and series. If the value of the collateral is less than the purchase
cost of replacement securities, SSB is responsible for satisfying the shortfall, but only to the extent that the shortfall is not
due to any of the fund's losses on the reinvested cash collateral. Although the risk of the loss of the securities is mitigated
by receiving collateral from the borrower or proceeds from the reverse repurchase counterparty and through SSB indemnification,
the fund could experience a delay in recovering securities or could experience a lower than expected return if the borrower or
reverse repurchase counterparty fails to return the securities on a timely basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under normal circumstances, interest charged
is at the rate of one month LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate) plus 0.60%, and is payable monthly on the aggregate balance of
the drawdowns outstanding under the LA. As of October 31, 2018, the Fund had an average daily loan balance of $86,900,000 at an
average interest rate of 2.49%.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">After the six month anniversary of the effective
date of the agreement, the Fund may terminate the LA with 60 days' notice. If certain asset coverage and collateral requirements,
or other covenants are not met, the LA could be deemed in default and result in termination. Absent a default or facility termination
event, SSB is required to provide the Fund with 360 days' notice prior to terminating the LA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">By leveraging its investment portfolio,
the Fund creates an opportunity for increased net income or capital appreciation. However, the use of leverage also involves risks,
which can be significant. See &quot;Liquidity and Restricted Securities Risk.&quot;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>REPURCHASE OF SHARES AND OTHER DISCOUNT MEASURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In recognition of the possibility that Common
Shares might trade at a discount to NAV and that any such discount may not be in the interest of the Fund&rsquo;s shareholders,
the Board, in consultation with the Advisor, from time to time may review possible actions to help reduce any such discount. The
Board, in consultation with the Advisor, may review the possibility of open market repurchases and/or tender offers for the Common
Shares and consider such factors as the market price of the Common Shares, the NAV of the Common Shares, the liquidity of the assets
of the Fund, effect on the Fund&rsquo;s expenses, whether such transactions would impair the Fund&rsquo;s status as a RIC or result
in a failure to comply with applicable asset coverage requirements, general economic conditions and such other events or conditions,
which may have a material effect on the Fund&rsquo;s ability to consummate such transactions. There are no assurances that the
Board will, in fact, decide to undertake either of these actions or, if undertaken, that such actions will result in the Fund&rsquo;s
Common Shares trading at a price which is equal to or approximates their NAV.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the event that the Fund conducts an offering
of new Common Shares and such offering constitutes a &ldquo;distribution&rdquo; under Regulation M, the Fund and certain of its
affiliates may be subject to an applicable restricted period that could limit the timing of any repurchases by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>PREFERRED SHARES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Declaration of Trust authorizes the
issuance of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest with preference rights, including preferred shares (&ldquo;Preferred
Shares&rdquo;), having no par value per share or such other amount as the Board may establish, in one or more series, with rights
as determined by the Board, by action of the Board without the approval of the Common Shareholders. The Board has no current intention
to issue Preferred Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the requirements of the 1940 Act,
the Fund must, immediately after the issuance of any Preferred Shares, have an &ldquo;asset coverage&rdquo; of at least 200%. Asset
coverage means the ratio which the value of the total assets of the Fund, less all liability and indebtedness not represented by
senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act), bears to the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness of
the Fund, if any, plus the aggregate liquidation preference of the Preferred Shares. If the Fund seeks a rating of the Preferred
Shares, asset coverage requirements, in addition to those set forth in the 1940 Act, may be imposed. The liquidation value of the
Preferred Shares is expected to equal their aggregate original purchase price plus redemption premium, if any, together with any
accrued and unpaid dividends thereon (on a cumulative basis), whether or not earned or declared. The terms of the Preferred Shares,
including their dividend rate, voting rights, liquidation preference and redemption provisions, will be determined by the Board
(subject to applicable law and the Declaration of Trust) if and when it authorizes the Preferred Shares. The Fund may issue Preferred
Shares that provide for the periodic redetermination of the dividend rate at relatively short intervals through an auction or remarketing
procedure, although the terms of the Preferred Shares also may enable the Fund to lengthen such intervals. At times, the dividend
rate as redetermined on the Fund&rsquo;s Preferred Shares may approach or exceed the Fund&rsquo;s return after expenses on the
investment of proceeds from the Preferred Shares and the Fund&rsquo;s leveraged capital structure would result in a lower rate
of return to Common Shareholders than if the Fund were not so structured.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the event of any voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, the terms of any Preferred Shares may entitle the holders of Preferred Shares
to receive a preferential liquidating distribution (expected to equal the original purchase price per share plus redemption premium,
if any, together with accrued and unpaid dividends, whether or not earned or declared and on a cumulative basis) before any distribution
of assets is made to Common Shareholders. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled,
the holders of Preferred Shares would not be entitled to any further participation in any distribution of assets by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the 1940 Act, if at any time dividends
on the Preferred Shares are unpaid in an amount equal to two full years&rsquo; dividends thereon, the holders of all outstanding
Preferred Shares, voting as a class, will be allowed to elect a majority of the Fund&rsquo;s Trustees until all dividends in default
have been paid or declared and set apart for payment. In addition, if required by the Rating Agency rating the Preferred Shares
or if the Board determines it to be in the best interests of the Common Shareholders, issuance of the Preferred Shares may result
in more restrictive provisions than required by the 1940 Act being imposed. In this regard, holders of the Preferred Shares may
be entitled to elect a majority of the Board in other circumstances, for example, if one payment on the Preferred Shares is in
arrears.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If the Fund were to issue Preferred Shares,
it is expected that the Fund would seek a credit rating for the Preferred Shares from a Rating Agency. In that case, as long as
Preferred Shares are outstanding, the composition of its portfolio</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">would reflect guidelines established by
such Rating Agency. Although, as of the date hereof, no such Rating Agency has established guidelines relating to any such Preferred
Shares, based on previous guidelines established by such Rating Agencies for the securities of other issuers, the Fund anticipates
that the guidelines with respect to the Preferred Shares would establish a set of tests for portfolio composition and asset coverage
that supplement (and in some cases are more restrictive than) the applicable requirements under the 1940 Act. Although, at this
time, no assurance can be given as to the nature or extent of the guidelines, which may be imposed in connection with obtaining
a rating of the Preferred Shares, the Fund currently anticipates that such guidelines will include asset coverage requirements,
which are more restrictive than those under the 1940 Act, restrictions on certain portfolio investments and investment practices,
requirements that the Fund maintain a portion of its total assets in short-term, high-quality, fixed-income securities and certain
mandatory redemption requirements relating to the Preferred Shares. No assurance can be given that the guidelines actually imposed
with respect to the Preferred Shares by such Rating Agency will be more or less restrictive than as described in this Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_018"></A>Certain Provisions in the
Declaration of Trust and By-Laws</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under Massachusetts law, shareholders, in
certain circumstances, could be held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund. However, the Declaration of Trust contains
an express disclaimer of shareholder liability in connection with Fund property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the Fund
and provides for indemnification out of the assets of the Fund for all loss and expense of any shareholder held personally liable
for the obligations of the Fund. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is
limited to circumstances in which the Fund would be unable to meet its obligations. The Fund believes that the likelihood of such
circumstances is remote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Declaration of Trust provides that the
Trustees may amend the Declaration of Trust without Common Shareholder approval to change the name of the Fund or to supply any
omission, clear any ambiguity or correct or supplement a defective or inconsistent provision. The Declaration of Trust does not
permit amendments that impair the exemption from personal liability of the shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents
of the Fund or permit assessments upon shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The By-laws provide that the Trustees have
the power, to the exclusion of shareholders, to adopt, alter, amend or repeal any of the By-laws, except for any By-law that requires
a vote of the shareholders to be amended, adopted or repealed by the terms of the Declaration of Trust, By-laws or applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Declaration of Trust and By-laws include
provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or to
change the composition of its Board and could have the effect of depriving Common Shareholders of an opportunity to sell their
Common Shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control of the Fund.
These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect
of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of the Fund. They provide, however, the advantage
of potentially requiring persons seeking control of the Fund to negotiate with its management regarding the price to be paid and
facilitating the continuity of the Fund&rsquo;s investment objectives and policies. The Board has considered and approved the following
anti-takeover provisions. The following is only a summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Declaration of Trust
and By-laws on file with the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The number of Trustees is currently thirteen,
but by action of a majority of the Trustees, the Board may from time to time be increased or decreased. If the Fund issues Preferred
Shares, the Fund may establish a separate class for the Trustees elected by the holders of the Preferred Shares. Subject to applicable
provisions of the 1940 Act, vacancies on the Board may be filled by a majority action of the remaining Trustees. Such provisions
may work to delay a change in the majority of the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Generally, the shareholders have power
to vote only: (a) for the election of Trustees; (b) with respect to any investment advisory or management contract; (c) with respect
to a termination of the Fund; (d) with respect to an amendment of the Declaration of Trust; (e) with respect to a merger, consolidation
or sale of assets of the Fund; (f) with respect to incorporation of the Fund; (g) to the same extent as the stockholders of a
Massachusetts business corporation as to whether or not a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or
maintained derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the Fund or the shareholders; and (h) with respect to such additional
matters relating to the Fund as may be required by the Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or by reason of the registration of
the Fund or</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">the shares with the SEC or any state or
by any applicable law or any regulation or order of the SEC or any state or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable.
On any matter required or permitted to be voted on by the shareholders, all shares then entitled to vote shall be voted in the
aggregate as a single class without regard to class, except (i) when required by the Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940
Act, or when the Trustees have determined that any matter to be submitted to a vote of the shareholders affects the rights or interests
of the shareholders of one or more classes, if any, materially differently, shares shall be voted by each such affected class individually;
and (ii) when the Trustees shall have determined that the matter affects only the interests of one or more classes, then only the
shareholders of such affected class shall be entitled to vote thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, the Fund&rsquo;s By-laws contain
certain provisions that may tend to make a change of control of the Fund more difficult. For example, the By-laws (i) require a
shareholder to give written advance notice and other&nbsp;information to the Fund of the shareholder&rsquo;s nominees for Trustees
and proposals for other business to be considered at annual shareholders&rsquo; meetings, or in the event a shareholder proposes
to seek a shareholder action by written consent or requests a special meeting of shareholders; (ii) require any such notice by
a shareholder to be accompanied by certain information as provided in the By-laws; (iii) provide that Trustees may be nominated
by shareholders only at an annual meeting of the Fund or special meeting in lieu of an annual meeting; and (iv) reserve to the
Trustees the exclusive power to alter, amend or repeal any provision of the By-laws or to make new By-laws, except where the Declaration
of Trust, By-laws or applicable law would also require a shareholder vote to effect such alteration, amendment or repeal. The foregoing
description of the By-laws is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Amended and Restated By-laws effective as of January
22, 2016, last amended March 10, 2016.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>POTENTIAL CONVERSION TO OPEN-END FUND</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Conversion of the Fund to an open-end management
investment company would require an amendment to the Fund&rsquo;s Declaration of Trust. Such amendment would require approval by
each of the following: (i) a majority of the Trustees then in office, (ii) a majority of the outstanding voting securities, and
(iii) by such vote or votes of the holders of any class or classes or series of shares as may be required by the 1940 Act. In the
event of conversion, the Common Shares would cease to be listed on the NYSE or other national securities exchange or market system.
The Board believes, however, that the closed-end structure is desirable, given the Fund&rsquo;s investment objective and policies.
Investors should assume, therefore, that it is unlikely that the Board would vote to convert the Fund to an open-end management
investment company. Shareholders of an open-end management investment company may require the company to redeem their shares at
any time (except in certain circumstances as authorized by or under the 1940 Act) at their NAV, less such redemption charge, if
any, as might be in effect at the time of a redemption. The Fund would expect to pay all such redemption requests in cash, but
intends to reserve the right to pay redemption requests in a combination of cash or securities. If such partial payment in securities
were made, investors may incur brokerage costs in converting such securities to cash. If the Fund were converted to an open-end
fund, it is likely that new Common Shares would be sold at NAV plus a sales load.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_019"></A>Reports to Shareholders</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund sends to its shareholders unaudited
semi-annual and audited annual reports, including a list of investments held.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_020"></A>Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, who has offices
at 101 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Boston Massachusetts 02210, is the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund
and audits the Fund&rsquo;s financial statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_021"></A>Additional Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund has entered into contractual arrangements
with various parties that provide services to the Fund, including, among others, the Advisor, Subadvisor, Custodian, and transfer
agent, as described above and in the SAI. Fund shareholders are not parties to, or intended or &ldquo;third-party&rdquo; beneficiaries
of, any of these contractual arrangements. These contractual arrangements are not intended to, nor do they, create in any individual
shareholder or group of shareholders any right, either directly or on behalf of the fund, to either: (a) enforce such contracts
against the service providers; or (b) seek any remedy under such contracts against the service providers.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This prospectus provides information concerning
the Fund that you should consider in determining whether to purchase shares of the Fund. Each of this prospectus, the SAI, or any
contract that is an exhibit to the Fund&rsquo;s registration statement, is not intended to, nor does it, give rise to an agreement
or contract between the Fund and any investor. Each such document also does not give rise to any contract or create rights in any
individual shareholder, group of shareholders, or other person. The foregoing disclosure should not be read to suggest any waiver
of any rights <U>conferred explicitly by</U> federal or state securities laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This Prospectus and the SAI do not contain
all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement that the Fund has filed with the SEC (file No. 333-201041). The
complete Registration Statement may be obtained from the SEC at sec.gov. See the cover page of this Prospectus for information
about how to obtain a paper copy of the Registration Statement or SAI without charge.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_022"></A>Table of Contents of the
Statement of Additional Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Page</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Organization of the Fund</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional Investment Policies and Risks</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investment Restrictions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Portfolio Turnover</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Those Responsible for Management</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholders of the Fund</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">28</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investment Advisory and Other Services</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">28</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Determination of Net Asset Value</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">34</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Brokerage Allocation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">35</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional Information Concerning Taxes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">39</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Information</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Custodian and Transfer Agent</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">46</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">46</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reports to Shareholders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">46</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal and Regulatory Matters</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">47</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Codes of Ethics</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">47</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional Information</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">47</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Appendix A: Description of Ratings</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">A-1</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Appendix B: Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">B-1</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: small-caps 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="pros_023"></A>The Fund&rsquo;s Privacy
Policy</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is committed to maintaining the
privacy of its shareholders and to safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to
help you understand what personal information the Fund collects, how the Fund protects that information and why, in certain cases,
the Fund may share information with select other parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Generally, the Fund does not receive any
non-public personal information relating to its shareholders, although certain non-public personal information of its shareholders
may become available to the Fund. The Fund does not disclose any non-public personal information about its shareholders or former
shareholders to anyone, except as permitted by law (which includes disclosure to employees necessary to service your account).
The Fund may share information with unaffiliated third parties that perform various required services, such as transfer agents,
custodians and broker/dealers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Fund restricts access to non-public
personal information about its shareholders to employees of the Fund&rsquo;s investment advisor and its affiliates with a legitimate
business need for the information. The Fund maintains physical, electronic and procedural safeguards designed to protect the non-public
personal information of its shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="img_pro002.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>1,000,000 Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Investors Trust</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Common Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: small-caps 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>March 1, 2019</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"> </P>

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       <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>JOHN HANCOCK INVESTORS TRUST</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Statement of Additional Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">March 1, 2019</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">200 Berkeley Street</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Boston, Massachusetts 02116</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">800-225-6020</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="toc"></A><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 94%; padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_001"><B>Organization of
    the Fund</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">2</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_002"><B>Additional Investment Policies
    and Risks</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">2</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_003"><B>Investment Restrictions</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">17</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_004"><B>Portfolio Turnover</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_005"><B>Those Responsible for Management</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">19</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_006"><B>Shareholders of the Fund</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">28</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_007"><B>Investment Advisory and Other
    Services</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">28</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_008"><B>Determination of Net Asset
    Value</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">34</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_009"><B>Brokerage Allocation</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">35</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_010"><B>Additional Information Concerning
    Taxes</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">39</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_011"><B>Other Information</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_012"><B>Custodian and Transfer Agent</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_013"><B>Independent Registered Public
    Accounting Firm</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_014"><B>Reports to Shareholders</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_015"><B>Legal and Regulatory Matters</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">47</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_016"><B>Codes of Ethics</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">47</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_017"><B>Additional Information</B></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right">47</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_018"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal">Appendix
    A: Description of Ratings</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal">A-1</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><A HREF="#sai_019"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal">Appendix
    B: Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt; font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal">B-1</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;This Statement of Additional Information (&#8220;SAI&#8221;)
is not a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the prospectus
of John Hancock Investors Trust (the &#8220;Fund&#8221;) dated March 1, 2019 (the &#8220;Prospectus&#8221;) and any related supplement
thereto (&#8220;Prospectus Supplements&#8221;), which are incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction
with such Prospectus and any related Prospectus Supplements, copies of which may be obtained without charge by contacting your
financial intermediary or calling the Fund at 800-225-6020.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise
defined have the meanings given them in the Fund&#8217;s Prospectus and any related Prospectus Supplements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_001"></A>Organization of the
Fund</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the &#8220;1940 Act&#8221;). The Fund was organized
on October 26, 1970 as a Delaware corporation and was reorganized on October 5, 1984 as a Massachusetts business trust pursuant
to an Agreement and Declaration of Trust, which was amended and restated effective January 22, 2016 (the &#8220;Declaration of
Trust&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">John Hancock Advisers, LLC (the &#8220;Advisor&#8221;
or &#8220;JHA&#8221;) is the Fund&#8217;s investment advisor and is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
&#8220;SEC&#8221;) as an investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the &#8220;Advisers Act&#8221;).
The Advisor is responsible for overseeing the management of the Fund, including its day-to-day business operations and monitoring
the subadvisor. The Advisor has been managing closed-end funds since 1971.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Founded in 1968, the Advisor is an indirect
principally owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.), a subsidiary of Manulife Financial Corporation (&#8220;Manulife
Financial&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;). John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.) and its subsidiaries (&#8220;John
Hancock&#8221;) today offer a broad range of financial products, including life insurance, annuities, investments, 401(k) plans,
college savings plans, and certain forms of business insurance. Additional information about John Hancock may be found on the Internet
at johnhancock.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor&#8217;s parent company has been
helping individuals and institutions work toward their financial goals since 1862. The Advisor offers investment solutions managed
by institutional money managers, taking a disciplined team approach to portfolio management and research, leveraging the expertise
of seasoned investment professionals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Manulife Financial is a leading Canada-based
financial services group with principal operations in Asia, Canada and the United States. Operating as Manulife in Canada and Asia,
and primarily as John Hancock in the United States, the Manulife Financial group of companies offers clients a diverse range of
financial protection products and wealth management services through its extensive network of employees, agents, and distribution
partners.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s subadvisor is John Hancock
Asset Management a division of Manulife Asset Management (US) LLC (the &#8220;Subadvisor&#8221;), formerly MFC Global Investment
Management (U.S.), LLC and Sovereign Asset Management LLC. The Subadvisor is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund&#8217;s
portfolio investments. The Subadvisor, organized in 1968, is a wholly owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.)
(a subsidiary of Manulife Financial).</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_002"></A>Additional Investment
Policies and Risks</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s primary investment strategies
are described in the Prospectus. The following is a description of the various investment policies that the Fund may engage in,
whether as a primary or secondary strategy, and a summary of certain attendant risks. The Subadvisor may not buy any of the following
instruments or use any of the following techniques unless it believes that doing so will help to achieve the Fund&#8217;s investment
objective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Ratings as Investment Criteria.</B> In general,
the ratings of Moody&#8217;s and S&amp;P represent the opinions of these agencies as to the quality of the securities which they
rate. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are relative and subjective and are not absolute standards of quality. There
is no guarantee that these institutions will continue to provide ratings. These ratings will be used by the Fund as initial criteria
for the selection of debt securities. Among the factors which will be considered are the long-term ability of the issuer to pay
principal and interest and general economic trends. Appendix A contains further information concerning the ratings of Moody&#8217;s
and S&amp;P and their significance. Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, an issue of securities may cease to be rated or its
rating may be reduced below the minimum required for purchase by the Fund. Neither of these events will require the sale of the
securities by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Short-Term Bank and Corporate Obligations.</B>
The Fund may invest in depository-type obligations of banks and savings and loan associations and other high-quality money market
instruments consisting of short-term obligations of the U.S. government or its agencies and commercial paper. Commercial paper
represents short-term unsecured</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">promissory notes issued in bearer form by banks or bank holding
companies, corporations and finance companies. Depository-type obligations in which the Fund may invest include certificates of
deposit, bankers&#8217; acceptances and fixed time deposits. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against
funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Bankers&#8217; acceptances are negotiable drafts
or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are &#8220;accepted&#8221;
by a bank, meaning, in effect, that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument at maturity. Fixed
time deposits are bank obligations payable at a stated maturity date and bearing interest at a fixed rate. Fixed time deposits
may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties which vary depending upon market conditions
and the remaining maturity of the obligation. There are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest
in a fixed time deposit to a third party, although there is no market for such deposits. Bank notes and bankers&#8217; acceptances
rank junior to domestic deposit liabilities of the bank and <I>pari passu </I>with other senior, unsecured obligations of the bank.
Bank notes are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other insurer. Deposit notes are insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation only to the extent of $100,000 per depositor per bank.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Preferred Securities.</B> The Fund may invest
in preferred securities. Preferred securities, like common stock, represent an equity ownership in an issuer. Generally, preferred
securities have a priority of claim over common stock in dividend payments and upon liquidation of the issuer. Unlike common stock,
preferred securities do not usually have voting rights. Preferred securities in some instances are convertible into common stock.
Although they are equity securities, preferred securities have characteristics of both debt and common stock. Like debt, their
promised income is contractually fixed. Like common stock, they do not have rights to precipitate bankruptcy proceedings or collection
activities in the event of missed payments. Other equity characteristics are their subordinated position in an issuer&#8217;s capital
structure and that their quality and value are heavily dependent on the profitability of the issuer rather than on any legal claims
to specific assets or cash flows.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Distributions on preferred securities must be
declared by the board of directors and may be subject to deferral, and thus they may not be automatically payable. Income payments
on preferred securities may be cumulative, causing dividends and distributions to accrue even if not declared by the board or otherwise
made payable, or they may be non-cumulative, so that skipped dividends and distributions do not continue to accrue. There is no
assurance that dividends on preferred securities in which the Fund invests will be declared or otherwise made payable. The Fund
may invest in non-cumulative preferred securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Shares of preferred securities have a liquidation
value that generally equals the original purchase price at the date of issuance. The market values of preferred securities may
be affected by favorable and unfavorable changes impacting the issuers&#8217; industries or sectors, including companies in the
utilities and financial services sectors, which are prominent issuers of preferred securities. They may also be affected by actual
and anticipated changes or ambiguities in the tax status of the security and by actual and anticipated changes or ambiguities in
tax laws, such as changes in corporate and individual income tax rates, and in the dividends received deduction for corporate taxpayers
or the characterization of dividends as tax-advantaged as described herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Because the claim on an issuer&#8217;s earnings
represented by preferred securities may become onerous when interest rates fall below the rate payable on the stock or for other
reasons, the issuer may redeem preferred securities, generally after an initial period of call protection during which the stock
is not redeemable. Thus, in declining interest rate environments in particular, the Fund&#8217;s holdings of higher dividend-paying
preferred securities may be reduced and the Fund may be unable to acquire securities paying comparable rates with the redemption
proceeds.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Investments in Non-U.S. Securities.</B> The
Fund may invest directly in the securities of non-U.S. issuers as well as securities in the form of sponsored or unsponsored American
Depository Receipts (&#8220;ADRs&#8221;), European Depository Receipts (&#8220;EDRs&#8221;) and Global Depository Receipts (&#8220;GDRs&#8221;)
or other securities convertible into non-U.S. securities. The Fund may invest up to 30% of its total assets in securities denominated
in non-U.S. currencies. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying
securities issued by a non-U.S. corporation. EDRs are receipts issued in Europe which evidence a similar ownership arrangement.
Issuers of unsponsored ADRs are not contractually obligated to disclose material information, including financial information,
in the United States. Generally, ADRs are designed for use in the United States securities markets and EDRs are designed for use
in European securities markets.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">An investment in non-U.S. securities including ADRs may be
affected by changes in currency rates and in exchange control regulations. Issuers of unsponsored ADRs are not contractually obligated
to disclose material information, including financial information, in the United States and, therefore, there may not be a correlation
between such information and the market value of the unsponsored ADR. Non-U.S. companies may not be subject to accounting standards
or government supervision comparable to U.S. companies, and there is often less publicly available information about their operations.
Non-U.S. companies may also be affected by political or financial instability abroad. These risk considerations may be intensified
in the case of investments in ADRs of non-U.S. companies that are located in emerging market countries. ADRs of companies located
in these countries may have limited marketability and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Multinational Companies Risk.</I></B>
To the extent that the Fund invests in the securities of companies with foreign business operations, it may be riskier than funds
that focus on companies with primarily U.S. operations. Multinational companies may face certain political and economic risks,
such as foreign controls over currency exchange; restrictions on monetary repatriation; possible seizure, nationalization or expropriation
of assets; and political, economic or social instability. These risks are greater for companies with significant operations in
developing countries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Risks of Non-U.S. Securities.</I></B>
Investments in non-U.S. securities may involve a greater degree of risk than those in domestic securities. There is generally less
publicly available information about non-U.S. companies in the form of reports and ratings similar to those that are published
about issuers in the United States. Also, non-U.S. issuers generally are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial
reporting requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. issuers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Because non-U.S. securities may be denominated
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the Fund&#8217;s net asset value
(&#8220;NAV&#8221;), the value of dividends and interest earned, gains and losses realized on the sale of securities, and any net
investment income and gains that the Fund distributes to shareholders. Securities transactions undertaken in some non-U.S. markets
may not be settled promptly so that the Fund&#8217;s investments on non-U.S. exchanges may be less liquid and subject to the risk
of fluctuating currency exchange rates pending settlement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Non-U.S. securities will be purchased in the
best available market, whether through OTC markets or exchanges located in the countries where principal offices of the issuers
are located. Non-U.S. securities markets generally are not as developed or efficient as those in the United States. While growing
in volume, they usually have substantially less volume than the NYSE, and securities of some non-U.S. issuers are less liquid and
more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers. Fixed commissions on non-U.S. exchanges generally are higher than negotiated
commissions on U.S. exchanges; nevertheless, the Fund will endeavor to achieve the most favorable net results on its portfolio
transactions. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, brokers and listed issuers
than in the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">With respect to certain non-U.S. countries,
there is the possibility of adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, expropriation, nationalization or confiscatory
taxation limitations on the removal of funds or other assets of the Fund, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments,
which could affect United States investments in those countries. Moreover, individual non-U.S. economies may differ favorably or
unfavorably from the United States&#8217; economy in terms of growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment,
resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The dividends, in some cases capital gains and
interest payable on certain of the Fund&#8217;s non-U.S. portfolio securities, may be subject to non-U.S. withholding or other
non-U.S. taxes, thus reducing the net amount of income or gains available for distribution to the Fund&#8217;s shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">These risks may be intensified in the case of
investments in emerging markets or countries with limited or developing capital markets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s ability and decision to purchase
or sell portfolio securities may be affected by laws or regulations relating to the convertibility and repatriation of assets.
Under present conditions, it is not believed that this consideration will have any significant effect on the Fund&#8217;s portfolio
strategies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>European Markets Risk.</I></B> Countries in Europe may
be significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"> implemented by the European Union (&#8220;EU&#8221;) and European Economic
and Monetary Union (&#8220;EMU&#8221;), which require member countries to comply with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits,
interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental or other regulations
on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the Euro, the default or threat of default by one or more EU member countries on its
sovereign debt, and/or an economic recession in one or more EU member countries may have a significant adverse effect on the economies
of other EU member countries and major trading partners outside Europe.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">In recent years, the European financial
markets have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns, rising government debt levels
and the possible default of government debt in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
Several countries, including Greece and Italy, have agreed to multi-year bailout loans from the European Central Bank, the IMF,
and other institutions. A default or debt restructuring by any European country, such as the restructuring of Greece&#8217;s outstanding
sovereign debt, can adversely impact holders of that country&#8217;s debt and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country&#8217;s
creditworthiness, which may be located in countries other than those listed above, and can affect exposures to other EU countries
and their financial companies as well. The manner in which the EU and EMU responded to the global recession and sovereign debt
issues raised questions about their ability to react quickly to rising borrowing costs and the potential default by Greece and
other countries of their sovereign debt and revealed a lack of cohesion in dealing with the fiscal problems of member states. To
address budget deficits and public debt concerns, a number of European countries have imposed strict austerity measures and comprehensive
financial and labor market reforms, which could increase political or social instability. Many European countries continue to suffer
from high unemployment rates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Uncertainties regarding the viability
of the EU have impacted and may continue to impact markets in the United States and around the world. If one or more countries
leave the EU or the EU dissolves, securities markets would likely be significantly disrupted. In June 2016, the United Kingdom
(the &#8220;UK&#8221;) approved a referendum to leave the EU, commonly referred to as &#8220;Brexit,&#8221; which sparked depreciation
in the value of the British pound and heightened risk of continued worldwide economic volatility. Pursuant to Article 50 of the
Treaty of Lisbon, the UK gave notice in March 2017 of its withdrawal from the EU and commenced negotiations on the terms of withdrawal.
The negotiation period could last for two years or more from the notice date, and during that period there might be considerable
uncertainty as to the arrangements that might apply to the UK&#8217;s relationships with the EU and other countries following its
anticipated withdrawal. This long-term uncertainty might affect other countries in the EU and elsewhere. It is also possible that
the UK could initiate another referendum on the issue of Brexit, or that various countries within the UK, such as Scotland, could
seek to separate and remain a part of the EU.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">The UK has one of the largest economies
in Europe and is a major trading partner with the other EU countries and the United States. If implemented, Brexit might negatively
affect The City of London&#8217;s economy, which is heavily dominated by financial services, as banks might be forced to move staff
and comply with two separate sets of rules or lose business to banks in Continental Europe. In addition, Brexit would likely create
additional economic stresses for the UK, including the potential for decreased trade, capital outflows, devaluation of the British
pound, wider corporate bond spreads due to uncertainty, and declines in business and consumer spending as well as foreign direct
investment. Further, the UK&#8217;s departure from the EU would potentially cause volatility within the EU, which could trigger
prolonged economic downturns in certain European countries or spark additional member states to contemplate departing the EU (thereby
exacerbating political instability in the region).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">Investing in the securities of Eastern
European issuers is highly speculative and involves risks not usually associated with investing in the more developed markets of
Western Europe. Securities markets of Eastern European countries typically are less efficient and have lower trading volume, lower
liquidity, and higher volatility than more developed markets. Eastern European economies also may be particularly susceptible to
disruption in the international credit market due to their reliance on bank related inflows of capital.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">To the extent that the Fund invests in European
securities, it may be exposed to these risks through its direct investments in such securities, including sovereign debt, or indirectly
through investments in money market funds and financial institutions with significant investments in such securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Negative Interest Rates.</I></B> Certain
countries have recently experienced negative interest rates on deposits and debt instruments have traded at negative yields. A
negative interest rate policy is an unconventional central bank monetary policy tool where nominal target interest rates are set
with a negative value (i.e., below zero percent) intended to help create self-sustaining growth in the local economy. Negative
interest rates may become more prevalent among non-</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">U.S. issuers, and potentially within the U.S.
For example, if a bank charges negative interest, instead of receiving interest on deposits, a depositor must pay the bank fees
to keep money with the bank.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">These market conditions may increase the Fund&#8217;s
exposures to interest rate risk. To the extent the Fund has a bank deposit or holds a debt instrument with a negative interest
rate to maturity, the Fund would generate a negative return on that investment. While negative yields can be expected to reduce
demand for fixed-income investments trading at a negative interest rate, investors may be willing to continue to purchase such
investments for a number of reasons including, but not limited to, price insensitivity, arbitrage opportunities across fixed-income
markets or rules-based investment strategies. If negative interest rates become more prevalent in the market, it is expected that
investors will seek to reallocate assets to other income-producing assets such as investment grade and high-yield debt instruments,
or equity investments that pay a dividend. This increased demand for higher yielding assets may cause the price of such instruments
to rise while triggering a corresponding decrease in yield and the value of debt instruments over time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Russian Securities Risk.</I></B> The United
States and the European Union have imposed economic sanctions against companies in certain sectors of the Russian economy, including,
but not limited to: financial services, energy, metals and mining, engineering, and defense and defense-related materials. These
sanctions could impair the ability of a fund that invests in Russian issuers to continue to invest in such issuers. For example,
the Fund may be prohibited from investing in securities issued by companies subject to such sanctions. In addition, retaliatory
measures by the Russian government in response to such sanctions may result in a freeze of Russian assets held by the Fund, thereby
prohibiting the Fund from selling or otherwise transacting in these investments. In such circumstances, the Fund might be forced
to liquidate non-restricted assets in order to satisfy shareholder redemptions. Such liquidation of Fund assets might also result
in the Fund receiving substantially lower prices for its portfolio securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Emerging Markets Risk.</I></B> In addition,
the Fund may invest in the securities of issuers based in countries with &#8220;emerging market&#8221; economies. Funds that invest
a significant portion of their assets in the securities of issuers based in countries with &#8220;emerging market&#8221; economies
are subject to greater levels of foreign investment risk than funds investing primarily in more-developed foreign markets, since
emerging market securities may present market, credit, currency, liquidity, legal, political and other risks greater than, or in
addition to, the risks of investing in developed foreign countries. These risks include: high currency exchange-rate fluctuations;
increased risk of default (including both government and private issuers); greater social, economic and political uncertainty and
instability (including the risk of war); more substantial governmental involvement in the economy; less governmental supervision
and regulation of the securities markets and participants in those markets; controls on foreign investment and limitations on repatriation
of invested capital and on the Fund&#8217;s ability to exchange local currencies for U.S. dollars; unavailability of currency hedging
techniques in certain emerging market countries; the fact that companies in emerging market countries may be newly organized, smaller
and less seasoned; the difference in, or lack of, auditing and financial reporting standards, which may result in the unavailability
of material information about issuers; different clearance and settlement procedures, which may be unable to keep pace with the
volume of securities transactions or otherwise make it difficult to engage in such transactions; difficulties in obtaining and/or
enforcing legal judgments in foreign jurisdictions; and significantly smaller market capitalizations of emerging market issuers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Hong Kong Stock Connect Program (&#8220;Stock Connect&#8221;)
Risk. </I></B>The Fund may invest in eligible renminbi-denominated class A shares of equity securities that are listed and traded
on certain Chinese stock exchanges (&#8220;China A-Shares&#8221;) through Stock Connect. Trading in China A-Shares through Stock
Connect is subject to certain risks. The Fund&#8217;s investment in China A-Shares may only be traded through Stock Connect and
is not otherwise transferable. The list of eligible China A-Shares may change from time to time. When a China A-Shares issue is
recalled from the scope of securities eligible for trading through Stock Connect, the Fund may only sell, but not buy, the securities,
which may adversely affect the Fund&#8217;s investment strategy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">While Stock Connect is not subject to individual investment quotas, daily and aggregate investment quotas apply to all Stock Connect
participants, which may restrict or preclude the Fund&#8217;s ability to invest in China A-Shares. For example, these quota limitations
require that buy orders for China A-Shares be rejected once the remaining balance of the relevant quota drops to zero or the daily
quota is exceeded (although the Fund will be permitted to sell China A-Shares regardless of the quota balance). These limitations
may restrict the Fund from investing in China A-Shares on a timely basis, which could affect the Fund&#8217;s ability to effectively
pursue its investment strategy. Investment quotas are also subject to change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Chinese regulations prohibit over-selling of China A-Shares. If the
Fund intends to sell China A-shares it holds, it must transfer those securities to the accounts of the Fund&#8217;s participant
broker before the market opens. As a result, the Fund may not be able to dispose of its holdings of China A-Shares in a timely
manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Stock Connect also is generally available only on business days when
both the exchange on which China A-Shares are offered and the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (the &#8220;SEHK&#8221;) are open and
when banks in both markets are open on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in China A-Shares through Stock
Connect may subject the Fund to a risk of price fluctuations on days where Chinese stock markets are open, but Stock Connect is
not operating.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Stock Connect regulations provide that investors, such as the Fund,
enjoy the rights and benefits of equities purchased through Stock Connect. However, the nominee structure under Stock Connect requires
that China A-Shares be held through the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company (the &#8220;HKSCC&#8221;) as nominee on behalf of
investors. While the Fund&#8217;s ownership of China A-Shares will be reflected on the books of the custodian&#8217;s records,
the Fund will only have beneficial rights in such A-Shares. The precise nature and rights of the Fund as the beneficial owner of
the equities through the HKSCC as nominee is not well defined under the law of the People&#8217;s Republic of China (&#8220;PRC&#8221;).
Although the China Securities Regulatory Commission has issued guidance indicating that participants in Stock Connect will be able
to exercise rights of beneficial owners in the PRC, the exact nature and methods of enforcement of the rights and interests of
the Fund under PRC law is uncertain. In particular, the courts may consider that the nominee or custodian as registered holder
of China A-Shares, has full ownership over the securities rather than the Fund as the underlying beneficial owner. The HKSCC, as
nominee holder, does not guarantee the title to China A-Shares held through it and is under no obligation to enforce title or other
rights associated with ownership on behalf of beneficial owners. Consequently, title to these securities, or the rights associated
with them, such as participation in corporate actions or shareholder meetings, cannot be assured.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">While certain aspects of the Stock Connect trading process are subject
to Hong Kong law, PRC rules applicable to share ownership will apply. In addition, transactions using Stock Connect are not subject
to the Hong Kong investor compensation fund, which means that the Fund will be unable to make monetary claims on the investor compensation
fund that it might otherwise be entitled to with respect to investments in Hong Kong securities. Other risks associated with investments
in PRC securities apply fully to China A-Shares purchased through Stock Connect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">China A-Shares traded via Stock Connect are subject to various risks
associated with the legal and technical framework of Stock Connect. In the event that the relevant systems fail to function properly,
trading in China A-Shares through Stock Connect could be disrupted. In the event of high trade volume or unexpected market conditions,
Stock Connect may be available only on a limited basis, if at all. Both the PRC and Hong Kong regulators are permitted, independently
of each other, to suspend Stock Connect in response to certain market conditions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Hedging and Other Strategies.</I></B>
Hedging refers to protecting against possible changes in the market value of securities or other assets that the Fund already owns
or plans to buy, or protecting unrealized gains in the Fund. When securities prices are falling, the Fund can seek to offset a
decline in the value of its current portfolio securities through the sale of futures contracts. When securities prices are rising,
the Fund, through the purchase of futures contracts, can attempt to secure better rates or prices than might later be available
in the market when it effects anticipated purchases.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If, in the opinion of the Advisor, there is
a sufficient degree of correlation between price trends for the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities and futures contracts based on
other financial instruments, securities indices or other indices, the Fund may also enter into such futures contracts as part of
its hedging strategy. Although under some circumstances prices of securities in the Fund&#8217;s portfolio may be more or less
volatile than prices of such futures contracts, the Advisor will attempt to estimate the extent of this volatility difference based
on historical patterns and compensate for any differential by having the Fund enter into a greater or lesser number of futures
contracts or by attempting to achieve only a partial hedge against price changes affecting the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">When a short hedging position is successful,
any depreciation in the value of portfolio securities will be substantially offset by appreciation in the value of the futures
position. On the other hand, any unanticipated appreciation in the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities would be substantially
offset by a decline in the value of the futures position. On other occasions, the Fund may take a &#8220;long&#8221; position by
purchasing futures contracts.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Options on Securities and Securities Indices.</I></B>
The Fund may purchase and write (sell) call and put options on any securities and securities indices. These options may be listed
on national domestic securities exchanges or foreign securities exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter market. The Fund may
write covered put and call options and purchase put and call options as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities or
to protect against declines in the value of portfolio securities and against increases in the cost of securities to be acquired.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Writing Covered Options. </I>A call option
on securities written by the Fund obligates the Fund to sell specified securities to the holder of the option at a specified price
if the option is exercised at any time before the expiration date. A put option on securities written by the Fund obligates the
Fund to purchase specified securities from the option holder at a specified price if the option is exercised at any time before
the expiration date. Options on securities indices are similar to options on securities, except that the exercise of securities
index options requires cash settlement payments and does not involve the actual purchase or sale of securities. In addition, securities
index options are designed to reflect price fluctuations in a group of securities or segment of the securities market rather than
price fluctuations in a single security. Writing covered call options may deprive the Fund of the opportunity to profit from an
increase in the market price of the securities in its portfolio. Writing covered put options may deprive the Fund of the opportunity
to profit from a decrease in the market price of the securities to be acquired for its portfolio.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All call and put options written by the Fund
are covered. A written call option or put option may be covered by (i) maintaining cash or liquid securities in a segregated account
with a value at least equal to the Fund&#8217;s obligation under the option, (ii) entering into an offsetting forward commitment
and/or (iii) purchasing an offsetting option or any other option which, by virtue of its exercise price or otherwise, reduces the
Fund&#8217;s net exposure on its written option position. A written call option on securities is typically covered by maintaining
the securities that are subject to the option in a segregated account. The Fund may cover call options on a securities index by
owning securities whose price changes are expected to be similar to those of the underlying index.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may terminate its obligations under
an exchange-traded call or put option by purchasing an option identical to the one it has written. Obligations under over-the-counter
options may be terminated only by entering into an offsetting transaction with the counterparty to such option. Such purchases
are referred to as &#8220;closing purchase transactions.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Purchasing Options. </I>The Fund would normally
purchase call options in anticipation of an increase, or put options in anticipation of a decrease (&#8220;protective puts&#8221;),
in the market value of securities of the type in which it may invest. The Fund may also sell call and put options to close out
its purchased options.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The purchase of a call option would entitle
the Fund, in return for the premium paid, to purchase specified securities or currency at a specified price during the option period.
The Fund would ordinarily realize a gain on the purchase of a call option if, during the option period, the value of such securities
or currency exceeded the sum of the exercise price, the premium paid and transaction costs; otherwise the Fund would realize either
no gain or a loss on the purchase of the call option.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The purchase of a put option would entitle the
Fund, in exchange for the premium paid, to sell specified securities at a specified price during the option period. The purchase
of protective puts is designed to offset or hedge against a decline in the market value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities.
Put options may also be purchased by the Fund for the purpose of affirmatively benefiting from a decline in the price of securities
which it does not own. The Fund would ordinarily realize a gain if, during the option period, the value of the underlying securities
decreased below the exercise price sufficiently to cover the premium and transaction costs; otherwise the Fund would realize either
no gain or a loss on the purchase of the put option. Gains and losses on the purchase of put options may be offset by countervailing
changes in the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s options transactions will be
subject to limitations established by each of the exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities on which such options
are traded. These limitations govern the maximum number of options in each class which may be written or purchased by a single
investor or group of investors acting in concert, regardless of whether the options are written or purchased on the same or different
exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities or are held or written in one or more accounts or through one or more brokers.
Thus, the number of options which the Fund may write or purchase may be affected by options written or purchased by other investment
advisory clients of the Advisor. An exchange, board of trade or other trading facility may order the liquidation of positions found
to be in excess of these limits, and it may impose certain other sanctions.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Risks Associated with Options Transactions.
</I>There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on a domestic or foreign options exchange will exist for any particular
exchange-traded option or at any particular time. If the Fund is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction with respect to
covered options it has written, the Fund will not be able to sell the underlying securities or dispose of assets held in a segregated
account until the options expire or are exercised. Similarly, if the Fund is unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect
to options it has purchased, it would have to exercise the options in order to realize any profit and will incur transaction costs
upon the purchase or sale of underlying securities or currencies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary
market on an exchange include the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions
may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other
restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may
interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation may not at all
times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide
or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options). If trading
were discontinued, the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist. However,
outstanding options on that exchange that had been issued by the Options Clearing Corporation as a result of trades on that exchange
would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s ability to terminate over-the-counter
options is more limited than with exchange-traded options and may involve the risk that broker-dealers participating in such transactions
will not fulfill their obligations. The Advisor will determine the liquidity of each over-the-counter option in accordance with
guidelines adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the &#8220;Board&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The writing and purchase of options is a highly
specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities
transactions. The successful use of options depends in part on the Advisor&#8217;s ability to predict future price fluctuations
and, for hedging transactions, the degree of correlation between the options and securities or currency markets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Futures Contracts and Options on Futures
Contracts. </I></B>The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts based on various securities (such as U.S. government securities)
and securities indices, and any other financial instruments and indices and purchase and write call and put options on these futures
contracts. The Fund may also enter into closing purchase and sale transactions with respect to any of these contracts and options.
All futures contracts entered into by the Fund are traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or boards of trade that are licensed, regulated
or approved by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (&#8220;CFTC&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Futures Contracts. </I>A futures contract
may generally be described as an agreement between two parties to buy and sell particular financial instruments or currencies for
an agreed price during a designated month (or to deliver the final cash settlement price, in the case of a contract relating to
an index or otherwise not calling for physical delivery at the end of trading in the contract).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Positions taken in the futures markets are not
normally held to maturity but are instead liquidated through offsetting transactions, which may result in a profit or a loss. While
futures contracts on securities will usually be liquidated in this manner, the Fund may instead make, or take, delivery of the
underlying securities or currency whenever it appears economically advantageous to do so. A clearing corporation associated with
the exchange on which futures contracts are traded guarantees that, if still open, the sale or purchase will be performed on the
settlement date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may, for example, take a &#8220;short&#8221;
position in the futures market by selling futures contracts in an attempt to hedge against an anticipated decline in market prices
that would adversely affect the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities. Such futures contracts may include contracts for
the future delivery of securities held by the Fund or securities with characteristics similar to those of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio
securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Options on Futures Contracts. </I>The purchase
of put and call options on futures contracts will give the Fund the right (but not the obligation) for a specified price to sell
or to purchase, respectively, the underlying futures contract at any time during the option period. As the purchaser of an option
on a futures contract, the Fund obtains the benefit of the futures position if prices move in a favorable direction but limits
its risk of loss in the event of an unfavorable price movement to the loss of the premium and transaction costs.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The writing of a call option on a futures contract
generates a premium which may partially offset a decline in the value of the Fund&#8217;s assets. By writing a call option, the
Fund becomes obligated, in exchange for the premium (upon exercise of the option) to sell a futures contract if the option is exercised,
which may have a value higher than the exercise price. Conversely, the writing of a put option on a futures contract generates
a premium which may partially offset an increase in the price of securities that the Fund intends to purchase. However, the Fund
becomes obligated (upon exercise of the option) to purchase a futures contract if the option is exercised, which may have a value
lower than the exercise price. The loss incurred by the Fund in writing options on futures is potentially unlimited and may exceed
the amount of the premium received.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The holder or writer of an option on a futures
contract may terminate its position by selling or purchasing an offsetting option of the same series. There is no guarantee that
such closing transactions can be effected. The Fund&#8217;s ability to establish and close out positions on such options will be
subject to the development and maintenance of a liquid market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Other Considerations.</I></B> The Fund
will engage in futures and related options transactions either for <I>bona fide </I>hedging or to facilitate portfolio management.
The Fund will not engage in futures or related options for speculative purposes. To the extent that the Fund is using futures and
related options for hedging purposes, futures contracts will be sold to protect against a decline in the price of securities that
the Fund owns or futures contracts will be purchased to protect the Fund against an increase in the price of securities it intends
to purchase. The Fund will determine that the price fluctuations in the futures contracts and options on futures used for hedging
purposes are substantially related to price fluctuations in securities held by the Fund or securities or instruments which it expects
to purchase. To the extent that the Fund engages in non-hedging transactions in futures contracts and options on futures to facilitate
portfolio management, the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these nonhedging positions will not exceed
5% of the net asset value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on any such positions
and excluding the amount by which such options were in-the-money at the time of purchase.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Transactions in futures contracts and options
on futures involve brokerage costs, require margin deposits and, in the case of contracts and options obligating the Fund to purchase
securities, require the Fund to establish a segregated account consisting of cash or liquid securities in an amount equal to the
underlying value of such contracts and options.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">While transactions in futures contracts and
options on futures may reduce certain risks, these transactions themselves entail certain other risks. For example, unanticipated
changes in interest rates or securities prices may result in a poorer overall performance for the Fund than if it had not entered
into any futures contracts or options transactions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Perfect correlation between the Fund&#8217;s
futures positions and portfolio positions will be impossible to achieve. In the event of an imperfect correlation between a futures
position and a portfolio position which is intended to be protected, the desired protection may not be obtained and the Fund may
be exposed to risk of loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Some futures contracts or options on futures
may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, a commodity exchange may
suspend or limit trading in a futures contract or related option, which may make the instrument temporarily illiquid and difficult
to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or related option
can vary from the previous day&#8217;s settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price
beyond the limit. This may prevent the Fund from closing out positions and limiting its losses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Interest Rate Swaps, Collars, Caps and
Floors.</I></B> In order to hedge the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio against interest rate fluctuations or to facilitate portfolio
management, the Fund may, but is not required to, enter into various interest rate transactions such as interest rate swaps and
the purchase or sale of interest rate caps and floors. To the extent that the Fund enters into these transactions, the Fund expects
to do so primarily to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio, to protect against any
increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date or to manage the Fund&#8217;s interest rate
exposure on any debt securities or preferred shares issued by the Fund for leverage purposes. The Fund intends to use these transactions
only as a hedge or to facilitate portfolio management. The Fund is not required to hedge its portfolio and may choose not to do
so. The Fund cannot guarantee that any hedging strategies it uses will work.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Interest Rate Swaps. </I></B>In an interest
rate swap, the Fund exchanges with another party their respective commitments to pay or receive interest (<I>e.g.</I>, an exchange
of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments). For example, if the Fund holds a debt instrument with an interest rate that
is reset only once each year, it may swap the right to receive interest at this fixed rate for the right to receive interest at
a rate that is reset every week. This would enable the Fund to offset a decline in the value of the debt instrument due to rising
interest rates but would also limit its ability to benefit from falling interest rates. Conversely, if the Fund holds a debt instrument
with an interest rate that is reset every week and it would like to lock in what it believes to be a high interest rate for one
year, it may swap the right to receive interest at this variable weekly rate for the right to receive interest at a rate that is
fixed for one year. Such a swap would protect the Fund from a reduction in yield due to falling interest rates and may permit the
Fund to enhance its income through the positive differential between one week and one year interest rates, but would preclude it
from taking full advantage of rising interest rates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund usually will enter into interest rate
swaps on a net basis (<I>i.e.</I>, the two payment streams are netted out with the trust receiving or paying, as the case may be,
only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund&#8217;s obligations over its entitlements
with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis, and an amount of cash or liquid instruments having an
aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained in a segregated account by the Fund&#8217;s custodian.
If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Fund&#8217;s obligations
will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Fund&#8217;s obligations will be maintained in a segregated account
by the Fund&#8217;s custodian.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Interest Rate Collars, Caps and Floors.
</I></B>The Fund also may engage in interest rate transactions in the form of purchasing or selling interest rate caps or floors.
The Fund will not sell interest rate caps or floors that it does not own. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser,
to the extent that a specified index exceeds a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest equal to the difference
of the index and the predetermined rate on a notional principal amount (<I>i.e.</I>, the reference amount with respect to which
interest obligations are determined although no actual exchange of principal occurs) from the party selling such interest rate
cap. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined
interest rate, to receive payments of interest at the difference of the index and the predetermined rate on a notional principal
amount from the party selling such interest rate floor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Typically, the parties with which the Fund will
enter into interest rate transactions will be broker-dealers and other financial institutions. The Fund will not enter into any
interest rate swap, cap or floor transaction unless the unsecured senior debt or the claims-paying ability of the other party thereto
is rated investment grade quality by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization at the time of entering
into such transaction or whose creditworthiness is believed by the Advisor to be equivalent to such rating. If there is a default
by the other party to such a transaction, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction.
The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as
principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in
comparison with other similar instruments traded in the interbank market. Caps and floors, however, are less liquid than swaps.
Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Fund&#8217;s ability to engage in interest rate swaps.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Credit Default Swap Agreements. </I></B>The
Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements. The &#8220;buyer&#8221; in a credit default contract is obligated to pay the
&#8220;seller&#8221; a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default on an underlying
reference obligation has occurred. If an event of default occurs, the seller must pay the buyer the &#8220;par value&#8221; (full
notional value) of the reference obligation in exchange for the reference obligation. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller
in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and no event of default occurs, the Fund loses its investment and recovers nothing.
However, if an event of default occurs, the buyer receives full notional value for a reference obligation that may have little
or no value. As a seller, the Fund receives a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the contract, which can run between six
months and ten years but is typically structured between three and five years, provided that there is no default event. If an event
of default occurs, the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the reference obligation. Credit default swaps involve
greater risks than if the Fund had invested in the reference obligation directly. In addition to general market risks, credit default
swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks. The Fund will enter into swap agreements only with counterparties
who are rated investment grade by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization at the time of entering into
such transaction or whose creditworthiness is believed by the Advisor to be equivalent to such rating. A buyer also will lose its
investment and recover nothing should an event of default occur. If an event of</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">default were to occur, the value of the reference
obligation received by the seller, coupled with the periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value
it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the Fund enters into a credit default swap,
the Fund may be required to report the swap as a &#8220;listed transaction&#8221; for tax shelter reporting purposes on the Fund&#8217;s
federal income tax return. If the Internal Revenue Service (the &#8220;IRS&#8221;) were to determine that the credit default swap
is a tax shelter, the Fund could be subject to penalties under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the &#8220;Code&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Warrants and Rights.</I></B> Warrants
and rights generally give the holder the right to receive, upon exercise and prior to the expiration date, a security of the issuer
at a stated price. Funds typically use warrants and rights in a manner similar to their use of options on securities, as described
in &#8220;General Characteristics of Options&#8221; above and elsewhere in this SAI. Risks associated with the use of warrants
and rights are generally similar to risks associated with the use of options. Unlike most options, however, warrants and rights
are issued in specific amounts, and warrants generally have longer terms than options. Warrants and rights are not likely to be
as liquid as exchange-traded options backed by a recognized clearing agency. In addition, the terms of warrants or rights may limit
the Fund&#8217;s ability to exercise the warrants or rights at such time, or in such quantities, as the Fund would otherwise wish.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may in the future employ new or additional
investment strategies and hedging instruments if those strategies and instruments are consistent with the Fund&#8217;s investment
objectives and are permissible under applicable regulations governing the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Additional Regulatory Limitations on the
Use of Futures and Related Options, Interest Rate Floors, Caps and Collars and Interest Rate and Currency Swap Contracts</I>. </B>The
CFTC has adopted regulations that subject registered investment companies and/or their investment advisors to regulation by the
CFTC if the registered investment company invests more than a prescribed level of its NAV in commodity futures, options on commodities
or commodity futures, swaps, or other financial instruments regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act (&#8220;CEA&#8221;) (&#8220;commodity
interests&#8221;), or if the registered investment company markets itself as providing investment exposure to such commodity interests.
The Advisor is registered as a commodity pool operator (&#8220;CPO&#8221;) under the CEA and is a National Futures Association
member firm; however, the Advisor does not act in the capacity of a registered CPO with respect to the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Although the Advisor is a registered CPO, the
Advisor has claimed an exclusion from CPO registration pursuant to CFTC Rule 4.5 with respect to the Fund. To remain eligible for
this exclusion, the Fund must comply with certain limitations, including limits on trading in commodity interests, and restrictions
on the manner in which the Fund markets its commodity interests trading activities. These limitations may restrict the Fund&#8217;s
ability to pursue its investment strategy, increase the costs of implementing its strategy, increase its expenses and/or adversely
affect its total return.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Risk of Potential Government Regulation
of Derivatives.</I></B> It is possible that additional government regulation of various types of derivative instruments, including
futures, options on futures and swap agreements, may limit or prevent the Fund from using such instruments as part of its investment
strategy, which could negatively impact the Fund. While many provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection
Act (the &#8220;Dodd-Frank Act&#8221;), have yet to be implemented through rulemaking, and any regulatory or legislative activity
may not necessarily have a direct, immediate effect upon the Fund, it is possible that, upon implementation of these measures or
any future measures, they could potentially limit or completely restrict the ability of the Fund to use these instruments as a
part of its investment strategy, increase the costs of using these instruments or make them less effective. Likewise, the SEC has
proposed regulations that, if adopted, would significantly change the manner in which the Fund must segregate assets to cover its
future obligations. The proposed regulations would restrict its ability to enter into derivative transactions for speculative or
hedging purposes and would require the Fund&#8217;s Board to adopt a derivative risk management and governance framework. These
regulations could also limit the ability of the Fund to use these instruments as part of its investment management strategy, increase
the costs of using these instruments or make them less effective. Limits or restrictions applicable to the counterparties with
which the Fund engages in derivative transactions also could prevent the Fund from using these instruments or affect the pricing
or other factors relating to these instruments, or may change the availability of certain investments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Short-Term Trading and Portfolio Turnover.</I></B>
Short-term trading means the purchase and subsequent sale of a security after it has been held for a relatively brief period of
time. The Fund may engage in short-term trading in response to</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">stock market conditions, changes in interest
rates or other economic trends and developments, or to take advantage of yield disparities between various fixed-income securities
in order to realize capital gains or improve income. Short-term trading may have the effect of increasing portfolio turnover rate.
A high rate of portfolio turnover (100% or greater) involves correspondingly greater brokerage expenses. The portfolio turnover
rate for the Fund for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017 was 52% and 53%, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Real Estate Securities.</I></B> Investing
in securities of companies in the real estate industry subjects the Fund to the risks associated with the direct ownership of real
estate. These risks include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Declines in the value of real estate;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Risks related to general and local economic conditions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Possible lack of availability of mortgage funds;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Overbuilding;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Extended vacancies of properties;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Increased competition;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Increases in property taxes and operating expenses;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Changes in zoning laws;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Losses due to costs resulting from the cleanup of environmental problems;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Liability to third parties for damages resulting from environmental problems;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Casualty or condemnation losses;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Limitations on rents;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Changes in neighborhood values and the appeal of properties to tenants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Changes in interest rates; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Liquidity risk.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Therefore, to the extent that the Fund invests a substantial
amount of its assets in securities of companies in the real estate industry, the value of the Fund&#8217;s shares may change at
different rates compared to the value of shares of the Fund with investments in a mix of different industries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Securities of companies in the real estate industry
include equity real estate investment trusts (&#8220;REITs&#8221;) and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs may be affected by changes
in the value of the underlying property owned by the REIT, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended.
Further, equity and mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skills and generally may not be diversified. Equity and mortgage
REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers and self-liquidations. In addition, equity and mortgage
REITs could possibly fail to qualify for tax-free pass-through of income under the Code, as amended, or to maintain their exemptions
from registration under the 1940 Act. The above factors may also adversely affect a borrower&#8217;s or a lessee&#8217;s ability
to meet its obligations to a REIT. In the event of a default by a borrower or lessee, a REIT may experience delays in enforcing
its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting its investments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition, even the larger REITs in the industry
tend to be small- to medium-sized companies in relation to the equity markets as a whole. Moreover, shares of REITs may trade less
frequently and, therefore, are subject to more erratic price movements, than securities of larger issuers.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Gaming-Tribal Authority Investments.</I></B>
The Fund may invest in securities issued by gaming companies, including gaming facilities operated by Indian (Native American)
tribal authorities. The value of the Fund&#8217;s investments in gaming companies is subject to legislative or regulatory changes,
adverse market conditions, and/or increased competition affecting the gaming sector. Securities of gaming companies may be considered
speculative, and generally exhibit greater volatility than the overall market. The market value of gaming company securities may
fluctuate widely due to unpredictable earnings, due in part to changing consumer tastes and intense competition, strong reaction
to technological developments, and the threat of increased government regulation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Securities issued by Indian tribal authorities
are subject to particular risks. Indian tribes enjoy sovereign immunity, which is the legal privilege by which the United States
federal, state, and tribal governments cannot be sued without their consent. In order to sue an Indian tribe (or an agency or instrumentality
thereof), the tribe must have effectively waived its sovereign immunity with respect to the matter in dispute. Certain Indian tribal
authorities have agreed to waive their sovereign immunity in connection with their outstanding debt obligations. Generally, waivers
of sovereign immunity have been held to be enforceable against Indian tribes. Nevertheless, if a waiver of sovereign immunity is
held to be ineffective, claimants, including investors in Indian tribal authority securities (such as the Fund), could be precluded
from judicially enforcing their rights and remedies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Further, in most commercial disputes with Indian
tribes, it may be difficult or impossible to obtain federal court jurisdiction. A commercial dispute may not present a federal
question, and an Indian tribe may not be considered a citizen of any state for purposes of establishing diversity jurisdiction.
The U.S. Supreme Court has held that jurisdiction in a tribal court must be exhausted before any dispute can be heard in an appropriate
federal court. In cases where the jurisdiction of the tribal forum is disputed, the tribal court first must rule as to the limits
of its own jurisdiction. Such jurisdictional issues, as well as the general view that Indian tribes are not considered to be subject
to ordinary bankruptcy proceedings, may be disadvantageous to holders of obligations issued by Indian tribal authorities, including
the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Cybersecurity and Operational Risk.</I></B>
Cybersecurity breaches are either intentional or unintentional events that allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets,
customer data, or proprietary information, or cause the Fund or a Fund service provider to suffer data corruption or lose operational
functionality. Intentional cybersecurity incidents include: unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices (such as through
&#8220;hacking&#8221; activity); infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; and attacks that shut down,
disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access or functionality. In addition, unintentional
incidents can occur, such as the inadvertent release of confidential information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A cybersecurity breach could result in the loss
or theft of customer data or funds, the inability to access electronic systems (&#8220;denial of services&#8221;), loss or theft
of proprietary information or corporate data, physical damage to a computer or network system, or costs associated with system
repairs, any of which could have a substantial impact on the Fund. For example, in a denial of service, Fund shareholders could
lose access to their electronic accounts indefinitely, and employees of the Advisor, a Subadvisor, or the Fund&#8217;s other service
providers may not be able to access electronic systems to perform critical duties for the Fund, such as trading, NAV calculation,
shareholder accounting, or fulfilment of Fund share purchases and redemptions. Cybersecurity incidents could cause the Fund, the
Advisor, a Subadvisor, or other service provider to incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, compliance costs associated
with corrective measures, or financial loss. They may also result in violations of applicable privacy and other laws. In addition,
such incidents could affect issuers in which the Fund invests, thereby causing the Fund&#8217;s investments to lose value.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is exposed to operational risk arising
from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the fund&#8217;s
service providers, counterparties, or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system failures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor, each subadvisor, and their affiliates
have established risk management or operational failure systems that seek to reduce cybersecurity and operational risks, and business
continuity plans in the event of a cybersecurity breach or operational failure. However, there are inherent limitations in such
plans, including that certain risks have not been identified, and there is no guarantee that such efforts will succeed, especially
since none of the Advisor, the Subadvisors, or their affiliates controls the cybersecurity or operational systems of the Fund&#8217;s
third-party service providers (including the Fund&#8217;s custodian), or those of the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>Market Events.</I></B> Events in certain sectors have
resulted, and may in the future result, in an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, both domestic and foreign.
These events have included, but are not limited to :</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">bankruptcies, corporate restructurings, and other events related
to the sub-prime mortgage crisis in 2008; governmental efforts to limit short selling and high frequency trading; measures to address
U.S. federal and state budget deficits, social, political, and economic instability in Europe; economic stimulus by the Japanese
central bank; steep declines in oil prices; dramatic changes in currency exchange rates; and China&#8217;s economic slowdown. Interconnected
global economies and financial markets increase the possibility that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact
issuers in a different country or region. Both domestic and foreign equity markets have experienced increased volatility and turmoil,
with issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage, and credit markets particularly affected, and it is uncertain when
these conditions will recur. Banks and financial services companies could suffer losses if interest rates were to rise or economic
conditions deteriorate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">In addition to relatively high market
volatility and reduced liquidity in credit and fixed-income markets may adversely affect many issuers worldwide. Actions taken
by the U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed) or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as interventions in
currency markets, could cause high volatility in the equity and fixed-income markets. Reduced liquidity may result in less money
being available to purchase raw materials, goods, and services from emerging markets, which may, in turn, bring down the prices
of these economic staples. It may also result in emerging-market issuers having more difficulty obtaining financing, which may,
in turn, cause a decline in their securities prices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition, while interest rates have
been unusually low in recent years in the united states and abroad, any decision by the Fed to adjust the target fed funds rate,
among other factors, could cause markets to experience continuing high volatility. A significant increase in interest rates may
cause a decline in the market for equity securities. Also, regulators have expressed concern that rate increases may contribute
to price volatility. These events and the possible resulting market volatility may have an adverse effect on the Fund. The U.S.
is also considering significant new investments in infrastructure and national defense which, coupled with lower federal taxes,
could lead to increased government borrowing and higher interest rates. While these proposed policies are going through the political
process, the equity and debt markets may react strongly to expectations, which could increase volatility, especially if the market&#8217;s
expectations for changes in government policies are not borne out.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">Political turmoil within the United States
and abroad may also impact the Funds. Although the U.S. government has honored its credit obligations, it remains possible that
the United States could default on its obligations. While it is impossible to predict the consequences of such an unprecedented
event, it is likely that a default by the United States would be highly disruptive to the United States and global securities markets
and could significantly impair the value of the Fund&#8217;s investments. Similarly, political events within the United States
at times have resulted, and may in the future result, in a shutdown of government services, which could negatively affect the U.S.
economy, decrease the value of many Fund investments, and increase uncertainty in or impair the operation of the United States
or other securities markets. The United States is also considering significant new investments in infrastructure and national defense
which could lead to increased government borrowing and higher interest rates. While these proposed policies are going through the
political process, the equity and debt markets may react strongly to expectations, which could increase volatility, especially
if the market&#8217;s expectations for changes in the government policies are not borne out.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">Uncertainties surrounding the sovereign
debt of a number of European Union (&#8220;EU&#8221;) countries and the viability of the EU have disrupted and may in the future
disrupt markets in the United States and around the world. If one or more countries leave the EU or the EU dissolves, the world&#8217;s
securities markets likely will be significantly disrupted. In June 2016, the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the
EU, commonly referred to as &#8220;Brexit.&#8221; There is significant market uncertainty regarding Brexit&#8217;s ramifications,
and the range and potential implications of possible political, regulatory, economic, and market outcomes are difficult to predict.
Political and military events, including in North Korea, Venezuela, Syria, and other areas of the Middle East, and nationalist
unrest in Europe also may cause market disruptions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition, there is a risk that the prices
of goods and services in the United States and many foreign economies may decline over time, known as deflation. Deflation may
have an adverse effect on stock prices and creditworthiness and may make defaults on debt more likely. If a country&#8217;s economy
slips into a deflationary pattern, it could last for a prolonged period and may be difficult to reverse.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Use of Segregated and Other Special Accounts</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Use of extensive hedging and other strategic
transactions by the Fund will require, among other things, that the Fund post collateral with counterparties or clearinghouses
and/or segregate cash or other liquid assets with its custodian, or a designated subcustodian, to the extent that the Fund&#8217;s
obligations are not otherwise &#8220;covered&#8221; through ownership of the underlying security, financial instrument or currency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In general, either the full amount of any obligation
by the Fund to pay or deliver securities or assets under a transaction or series of transactions must be covered at all times by
(a) holding the securities, instruments or currency required to meet the Fund&#8217;s obligations under such transactions or series
of transactions, or (b) subject to any regulatory restrictions, segregating an amount of cash or other liquid assets at least equal
to the current amount of the obligation. The segregated assets cannot be sold or transferred unless equivalent assets are substituted
in their place or it is no longer necessary to segregate them. Some examples of cover requirements are set forth below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Call Options. </I>A call option on securities
written by the Fund will require the Fund to hold the securities subject to the call (or securities convertible into the needed
securities without additional consideration) or to segregate cash or other liquid assets sufficient to purchase and deliver the
securities if the call is exercised. A call option sold by the Fund on an index will require the Fund to own portfolio securities
that correlate with the index or to segregate cash or other liquid assets equal to its obligations under the option.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Put Options.</B> A put option on securities
written by the Fund will require the Fund to segregate cash or other liquid assets equal to the exercise price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>OTC Options. </B>OTC options entered into
by the Fund, including those on securities, currency, financial instruments or indices, and OTC-issued and exchange-listed index
options generally will provide for cash settlement, although the Fund will not be required to do so. As a result, when the Fund
sells these instruments it will segregate an amount of cash or other liquid assets equal to its obligations under the options.
OTC-issued and exchange-listed options sold by the Fund other than those described above generally settle with physical delivery,
and the Fund will segregate an amount of cash or liquid high grade debt securities equal to the full value of the option. OTC options
settling with physical delivery or with an election of either physical delivery or cash settlement will be treated the same as
other options settling with physical delivery.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Currency Contracts.</B> Except when the Fund
enters into a forward contract in connection with the purchase or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency or for other
non-speculative purposes, which requires no segregation, a currency contract that obligates the Fund to buy or sell a foreign currency
generally will require the Fund to hold an amount of that currency or liquid securities denominated in that currency equal to the
Fund&#8217;s obligations or to segregate cash or other liquid assets equal to the amount of the Fund&#8217;s obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Futures Contracts and Options on Futures
Contracts</B><I>. </I>In the case of a futures contract or an option on a futures contract, the Fund must deposit initial margin
and, in some instances, daily variation margin, in addition to segregating assets sufficient to meet its obligations under the
contract. These assets may consist of cash, cash equivalents, liquid debt, equity securities or other acceptable assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Swaps.</B> The Fund will calculate the net
amount, if any, of its obligations relating to swaps on a daily basis and will segregate an amount of cash or other liquid assets
having an aggregate value at least equal to this net amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Caps, Floors and Collars.</B> Caps, floors
and collars require segregation of assets with a value equal to the Fund&#8217;s net obligation, if any.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Hedging and other strategic transactions may
be covered by means other than those described above when consistent with applicable regulatory policies. The Fund also may enter
into offsetting transactions so that its combined position, coupled with any segregated assets, equals its net outstanding obligation.
The Fund could purchase a put option, for example, if the exercise price of that option is the same or higher than the exercise
price of a put option sold by the Fund. In addition, if it holds a futures contract or a forward contract, the Fund could, instead
of segregating assets, purchase a put option on the same futures contract or forward contract with an exercise price as high as
or higher than the price of the contract held. Other hedging and strategic transactions also may be offset in combinations. If
the</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">offsetting transaction terminates on or after
the time the primary transaction terminates, no segregation is required, but if it terminates prior to that time, assets equal
to any remaining obligation would need to be segregated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_003"></A>Investment Restrictions</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The investment policies and strategies of the
Fund described in this SAI and the Prospectus, except for the nine investment restrictions designated as fundamental policies under
this caption, are not fundamental and may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Fundamental Investment Restrictions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As referred to above, the following nine investment
restrictions of the Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders
of a majority of the Fund&#8217;s outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of (a) 67% of the shares
of the Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present
or represented at the meeting or (b) more than 50% of outstanding shares of the Fund. As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund
may not:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Issue senior securities, except as permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940 Act, as amended
(the &#8220;1940 Act&#8221;) and the rules and interpretive positions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;)
thereunder. Senior securities that the Fund may issue in accordance with the 1940 Act include preferred shares, borrowing, futures,
when-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward foreign currency exchange transactions.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act and the rules and interpretive positions of the
SEC thereunder.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Act as an underwriter, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter for
the purposes of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;1933 Act&#8221;), in connection with the disposition of portfolio
securities or purchase any security which is subject to legal or contractual delays in or restrictions on resale if after such
purchase more than 50% of the Fund&#8217;s total assets would be invested in such securities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Purchase real estate or any interest therein, except through the purchase of corporate or certain
government securities (including securities secured by mortgage or a leasehold interest or other interest in real estate and securities
of companies investing in real estate) in accordance with the Fund&#8217;s investment objectives.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(5)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Make loans except through the lending of portfolio securities and the purchase of securities in
accordance with the Fund&#8217;s investment objectives. The Fund does not for this purpose consider repurchase agreements and bank
obligations to be the making of a loan.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(6)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Invest in commodities or in commodity contracts or in puts, calls or combinations of both except
options on securities and securities indices, and futures contracts on securities and securities indices and options on such futures.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(7)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Invest more than 5% of its total assets taken at market value at the time of purchase in securities
of any one issuer, other than obligations of the United States government and its agencies and instrumentalities and repurchase
agreements collateralized by such obligations.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(8)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Purchase securities of any issuer if such purchase would at the time result in more than 10% of
the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(9)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Purchase securities of issuers conducting their principal business activity in the same industry
if immediately after such purchase the value of its investment in such industry would exceed 25% of its total assets taken at market
value. For purposes of construing this fundamental restriction No. 9, tax-exempt municipal securities shall not be considered to
represent industries.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund does not have a fundamental policy
with respect to short sales and purchases on margin.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In regard to restriction (2), the Fund may borrow
money as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes, including the payment of dividends and the settlement of
securities transactions which otherwise might</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">require untimely dispositions of Fund securities.
The 1940 Act currently requires that the Fund have 300% asset coverage at the time of borrowing with respect to all borrowings
other than temporary borrowings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">With respect to restriction (7), a diversified
fund, as to at least 75% of the value of its total assets, generally may not, except with respect to government securities and
securities of other investment companies, invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities, or own more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities, of any one issuer. In determining the issuer of a municipal security, each state, each political
subdivision, agency, and instrumentality of each state and each multi-state agency of which such state is a member is considered
a separate issuer. In the event that securities are backed only by assets and revenues of a particular instrumentality, facility
or subdivision, such entity is considered the issuer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For purposes of construing restriction (9),
securities of the U.S. government, its agencies, or instrumentalities are not considered to represent industries. Tax-exempt municipal
obligations backed by the credit of a governmental entity also are not considered to represent industries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Whenever an investment policy or investment
restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security
or other asset or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately
after and as a result of the Fund&#8217;s acquisition of such security or asset. Accordingly, any later increase or decrease resulting
from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating agency (or as determined
by the Subadvisor if the security is not rated by a rating agency) will not compel the Fund to dispose of such security or other
asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund must always be in compliance with the borrowing policies set forth above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Non-fundamental Investment Restrictions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund has adopted the following non-fundamental
investment policies, which may be changed by the Board without approval of the Fund&#8217;s shareholders:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Fund intends to purchase securities through private placements, but no purchase will be made
if as a result more than 20% of the value of the Fund&#8217;s total assets would be invested in such securities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If a percentage restriction on investment or utilization of assets as set forth above is adhered
to at the time an investment is made, a later change in percentage resulting from changes in the value of the Fund&#8217;s assets
will not be considered a violation of the restriction.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Fund may also be subject to certain restrictions and guidelines imposed by lenders if the Fund
engages in borrowings. The Fund does not anticipate that such guidelines would have a material adverse effect on its common shareholders
or the Fund&#8217;s ability to achieve its investment objectives.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Fund will invest only in countries on the Advisor&#8217;s Approved Country Listing. The Approved
Country Listing is a list maintained by the Advisor&#8217;s investment department that outlines all countries, including the United
States that have been approved for investment by funds managed by the Advisor.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(5)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If allowed by the Fund&#8217;s other investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may invest
up to 5% of its total assets in Russian equity securities and up to 10% of its total assets in Russian fixed-income securities.
All Russian securities must be: (a) denominated in U.S. dollars; (b) traded on a major exchange; and (c) held physically outside
of Russia.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_004"></A>Portfolio Turnover</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The Fund may engage in short-term trading strategies, and securities
may be sold without regard to the length of time held when, in the opinion of the Subadvisor, investment considerations warrant
such action. The Fund&#8217;s annual rate of portfolio turnover may vary from year to year as well as within a year. A high rate
of portfolio turnover (100% or more) generally involves correspondingly greater brokerage commission expenses, which must be borne
directly by the Fund and could generate short-term capital gain taxable as ordinary income, which could have a negative impact
on the Fund&#8217;s performance over time. Portfolio turnover is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of Fund
securities during the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the Fund&#8217;s</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">securities. (Excluded from the computation are all securities, including
options, with maturities at the time of acquisition of one year or less.) The portfolio turnover rate for the Fund for the fiscal
years ended October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017 was 52% and 53%, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_005"></A>Those Responsible for
Management</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The business of the Fund is managed by the Board,
including certain Trustees who are not &#8220;interested persons&#8221; (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund (the &#8220;Independent
Trustees&#8221;). The Trustees elect officers who are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Fund and who execute policies
formulated by the Trustees. Several of the Trustees and officers of the Fund also are officers or directors of the Advisor, or
officers or directors of its affiliates. Each Trustee oversees the Fund and other funds in the John Hancock Fund Complex (as defined
below).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The tables below present certain information
regarding the Trustees and officers of the Fund, including their principal occupations which, unless specific dates are shown,
are of at least five years&#8217; duration. In addition, the table includes information concerning other directorships held by
each Trustee in other registered investment companies or publicly traded companies. Information is listed separately for each Trustee
who is an &#8220;interested person&#8221; (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund (each a &#8220;Non-Independent Trustee&#8221;)
and the Independent Trustees. As of March 22, 2018, James R. Boyle is considered an Independent Trustee. As of January 31, 2019,
the John Hancock Fund Complex consisted of 215 funds (including separate series of series mutual funds). The address of each Trustee
and officer of the Fund is 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR>
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Non-Independent Trustees</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>(Birth Year)</B></P></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Positions with</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>the Fund</B><SUP>(1)</SUP></P></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 4.5pt; text-align: center"><B>Principal Occupation(s) and Other</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 4.5pt; text-align: center"><B>Directorships During the Past 5
        Years</B></P></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Number of</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Funds in John</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Hancock Fund</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Complex</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Overseen by</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Trustee</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 12pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andrew G. Arnott<SUP>(2)</SUP> (1971)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Trustee (since 2017);</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">President (Since 2014);</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Executive Vice President (2007-2014, including prior positions)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">Head of Wealth and Asset Management,
        United States and Europe, for John Hancock and Manulife (since 2018); Executive Vice President, John Hancock Financial Services
        (since 2009, including prior positions); Director and Executive Vice President, John Hancock Advisers, LLC (since 2005, including
        prior positions); Director and Executive Vice President, John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC (since 2006, including
        prior positions); President, John Hancock Funds, LLC (since 2004, including prior positions); President of various trusts within
        the John Hancock Fund Complex (since 2007, including prior positions).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 9pt; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex
        (since 2017).</P></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marianne<BR>
 Harrison&#8204;<SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1963)</FONT></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(since 2018)</P></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">President and CEO, John Hancock (since 2017); President and CEO,
        Manulife Canadian Division (2013 &#8211; 2017); Member, Board of Directors, American Council of Life Insurers (ACLI) (since 2018);
        Member, Board of Directors, Communitech, an industry-led innovation center that fosters technology companies in Canada (since 2017);
        Member, Board of Directors, Manulife Assurance Canada (2015-2017); Board Member, St. Mary&#8217;s General Hospital Foundation (2014-2017);
        Member, Board of Directors, Manulife Bank of Canada (2013-2017); Member, Standing Committee of the Canadian Life &amp; Health Assurance
        Association (2013-2017); Member, Board of Directors, John Hancock USA, John Hancock Life &amp; Health, John Hancock New York (2012
        &#8211; 2013).<BR>
        <BR>
        </P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex (since
        2018).</P></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="font: 1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 17%; font: 1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; font: 1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; font: 1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; font: 1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Independent Trustees</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 17%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>(Birth Year)</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Position(s) with</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>the Fund</B><SUP>(1)</SUP></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Principal Occupation(s) and Other</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Directorships During the Past 5 Years</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Number of</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Funds&nbsp;in&nbsp;John</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Hancock&nbsp;Fund</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Complex</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Overseen&nbsp;by</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Trustee</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Charles L. Bardelis</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1941)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2012)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: justify">Director, Island Commuter Corp. (marine
        transport).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex (since
        1988).</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center; color: #221E1F">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">James R. Boyle (1959)</FONT></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(since 2015)<SUP>(3)</SUP></P></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Chief Executive Officer, Foresters Financial (since 2018); Chairman
        and Chief Executive Officer, Zillion Group, Inc. (formerly HealthFleet, Inc.)&nbsp; (healthcare) (2014-2018); Executive Vice President
        and Chief Executive Officer, U.S. Life Insurance Division of Genworth Financial, Inc. (insurance) (January 2014&#8211;July 2014);
        Senior Executive Vice President, Manulife Financial, President and Chief Executive Officer, John Hancock (1999-2012); Chairman
        and Director, John Hancock Advisers, LLC, John Hancock Funds, LLC, and John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC (2005&#8211;2010).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex (2005&#8211;2014
        and since 2015).</P></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Peter S. Burgess</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1942)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2012)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Consultant (financial, accounting, and auditing
        matters) (since 1999); Certified Public Accountant; Partner, Arthur Andersen (independent public accounting firm) (prior to 1999);
        Director, Lincoln Educational Services Corporation (since 2004); Director, Symetra Financial Corporation (2010&#8211;2016); Director,
        PMA Capital Corporation (2004&#8211;2010).<BR>
        <BR>
        </P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock
        Fund Complex (since 2005).</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center; color: #221E1F">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">William H. Cunningham</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1944)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2005)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Professor, University of Texas, Austin, Texas (since 1971); former
        Chancellor, University of Texas System and former President of the University of Texas, Austin, Texas; Chairman (since 2009) and
        Director (since 2006), Lincoln National Corporation (insurance); Director, Southwest Airlines (since 2000); former Director, LIN
        Television (2009-2014).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex (since
        1986).</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Grace K. Fey</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1946)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(since 2012)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Chief Executive Officer, Grace Fey Advisors
        (since 2007); Director and Executive Vice President, Frontier Capital Management Company (1988&#8211;2007); Director, Fiduciary
        Trust (since 2009).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock
        Fund Complex (since 2008).</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center; color: #221E1F">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Theron S. Hoffman</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1947)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2012)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Chief Executive Officer, T. Hoffman
Associates, LLC (consulting firm) (since 2003); Director, The Todd Organization (consulting firm) (2003&#8211;2010); President,
Westport Resources Management (investment management consulting firm) (2006&#8211;2008); Board Member, Senior&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center; color: #221E1F">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 20; Value: 2 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 17%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>(Birth Year)</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Position(s) with</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>the Fund</B><SUP>(1)</SUP></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Principal Occupation(s) and Other</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Directorships During the Past 5 Years</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Number of</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Funds in John</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Hancock Fund</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Complex</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Overseen by</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Trustee</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Managing Director, Partner, and Operating Head,
        Putnam Investments (2000&#8211;2003); Executive Vice President, The Thomson Corp. (financial and legal information publishing)
        (1997&#8211;2000).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock
        Fund Complex (since 2008).</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Deborah C. Jackson</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1952)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2008)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">President, Cambridge College, Cambridge, Massachusetts
        (since 2011); Board of Directors, National Association of Corporate Directors/New England (since 2015); Board of Directors, Association
        of Independent Colleges and Universities of Massachusetts (since 2014); Chief Executive Officer, American Red Cross of Massachusetts
        Bay (2002&#8211;2011); Board of Directors of Eastern Bank Corporation (since 2001); Board of Directors of Eastern Bank Charitable
        Foundation (since 2001); Board of Directors of American Student Assistance Corporation (1996&#8211;2009); Board of Directors of
        Boston Stock Exchange (2002&#8211;2008); Board of Directors of Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare (health benefits company) (2007&#8211;2011).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock
        Fund Complex (since 2008).</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Hassell H. McClellan</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1945)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2012) and</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Chairperson of the Board (since 2017)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Director/Trustee, Virtus Funds (since 2008);
        Director, The Barnes Group (since 2010); Associate Professor, The Wallace E. Carroll School of Management, Boston College (retired
        2013).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee (since 2005) and Chairperson of the Board (since 2017) of
        various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex.</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center; color: #221E1F">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">James M. Oates</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1946)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2012)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Managing Director, Wydown Group (financial consulting
        firm) (since 1994); Chairman and Director, Emerson Investment Management, Inc. (2000&#8211;2015); Independent Chairman, Hudson
        Castle Group, Inc. (formerly IBEX Capital Markets, Inc.) (financial services company) (1997&#8211;2011); Director, Stifel Financial
        (since 1996); Director, Investor Financial Services Corporation (1995&#8211;2007); Director, Connecticut River Bancorp (1998&#8211;2014);
        Director/Trustee, Virtus Funds (since 1988).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee (since 2004) and Chairperson of the
        Board (2015&#8211;2016), of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex.</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center; color: #221E1F">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Steven R. Pruchansky</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1944)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee (since 2005) and Vice Chairperson of the Board</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2012)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-top: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Managing Director, Pru Realty (since 2017); Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Greenscapes of Southwest Florida, Inc. (since 2014); Director and President, Greenscapes of Southwest Florida, Inc. (until 2000); Member, Board of Advisors, First American Bank (until 2010); Managing Director, Jon James, LLC (real estate) (since 2000); Partner, Right Funding, LLC (2014-2017); Director, First Signature Bank &amp; Trust Company (until 1991); Director, Mast Realty Trust (until 1994); President, Maxwell Building Corp. (until 1991).</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 21; Value: 2 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 100%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->21<!-- Field: /Sequence -->&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 17%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>(Birth Year)</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Position(s) with</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>the Fund</B><SUP>(1)</SUP></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Principal Occupation(s) and Other</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Directorships During the Past 5 Years</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; border-top: Black 1pt solid">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Number of</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Funds in John</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Hancock Fund</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Complex</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Overseen by</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Trustee</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee (since 1992), Chairperson of the Board (2011&#8211;2012), and Vice Chairperson of the Board (since 2012) of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Gregory A. Russo</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(1949)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0">(since 2008)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Director and Audit Committee Chairman (since
        2012), and Member, Audit Committee and Finance Committee (since 2011), NCH Healthcare System, Inc. (holding company for multi-entity
        healthcare system); Director and Member (2012-2018), and Finance Committee Chairman (2014-2018), The Moorings, Inc. (nonprofit
        continuing care community); Vice Chairman, Risk &amp; Regulatory Matters, KPMG LLP (KPMG) (2002&#8211;2006); Vice Chairman, Industrial
        Markets, KPMG (1998&#8211;2002); Chairman and Treasurer, Westchester County, New York, Chamber of Commerce (1986&#8211;1992); Director,
        Treasurer and Chairman of Audit and Finance Committees, Putnam Hospital Center (1989&#8211;1995); Director and Chairman of Fundraising
        Campaign, United Way of Westchester and Putnam Counties, New York (1990&#8211;1995).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Trustee of various trusts within the John Hancock
        Fund Complex (since 2008).</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">215</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Each Trustee holds office until his or her successor is elected and qualified, or until the Trustee&#8217;s
death, retirement, resignation or removal. The Fund holds annual meetings of shareholders, at which Trustees are elected. Each
Trustee was most recently elected to serve on the Board at a shareholder meeting held on February 7, 2019.</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.95pt">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Trustee is a Non-Independent Trustee due to his position with the Advisor and certain of its
affiliates.</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.95pt">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Mr. Boyle served as Trustee at various times prior to 2015.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Correspondence intended for any of the
Trustees may be sent to the attention of the individual Trustee or to the Board c/o the Secretary of the Fund at 200 Berkeley Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02116-2805. All communications addressed to the Board or individual Trustee will be logged and sent to the
Board or individual Trustee. The Secretary may determine not to forward any letter to Trustees that does not relate to the business
of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><B>Principal Officers who are not Trustees</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table presents information regarding
the current principal officers of the Fund who are not Trustees, including their principal occupations which, unless specific dates
are shown, are of at least five years&#8217; duration. Each of the officers is an affiliated person of the Advisor. All of the
officers listed are officers or employees of the Advisor or its affiliates. All of the officers also are officers of all of the
other funds for which the Advisor serves as investment advisor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Principal Officers who are not Trustees</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> &nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 21%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>(Birth Year)</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 21%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>Position(s) with</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>the Fund</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Officer</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>since</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 49%; padding-right: 3.6pt; padding-left: 5.6pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Francis V. Knox, Jr.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(1947)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Compliance Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2005</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vice President, John Hancock Financial Services (since 2005); Chief Compliance Officer, various trusts with the John Hancock Fund Complex, John Hancock Advisers, LLC, and John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC (since 2005).</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 21%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>(Birth Year)</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 21%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>Position(s) with</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>the Fund</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>Officer</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0"><B>since</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Charles A. Rizzo</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(1957)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2007</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vice President, John Hancock Financial Services (since 2008); Senior Vice President, John Hancock Advisers, LLC and John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC (since 2008); Chief Financial Officer of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex (since 2007).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Salvatore Schiavone</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(1965)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Treasurer</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2009</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assistant Vice President, John Hancock Financial Services (since 2007); Vice President, John Hancock Advisers, LLC and John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC (since 2007); Treasurer of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex (since 2007, including prior positions).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Christopher (Kit) Sechler</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1973)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Secretary and Chief Legal Officer (Since 2018); Assistant Secretary (2009-2018)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vice President and Deputy Chief Counsel, John Hancock Investments (since 2015); Assistant Vice President and Senior Counsel (2009&#8211;2015), John Hancock Investments; Chief Legal Officer and Secretary of various trusts within the John Hancock Fund Complex (since 2018); Assistant Secretary of John Hancock Advisers, LLC and John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC (since 2009).</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt"><SUP>(1)</SUP>
Each officer holds office for an indefinite term until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until he or she dies,
retires, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Additional Information about the Trustees</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the description of each Trustee&#8217;s
Principal Occupation(s) and Other Directorships set forth above, the following provides further information about each Trustee&#8217;s
specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills with respect to the Fund. The information in this section should not
be understood to mean that any of the Trustees is an &#8220;expert&#8221; within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">There are no specific required qualifications
for Board membership. The Board believes that the different perspectives, viewpoints, professional experience, education, and individual
qualities of each Trustee represent a diversity of experiences and a variety of complementary skills. Each Trustee has experience
as a Trustee of the Fund, as well as experience as a Trustee of other John Hancock funds. It is the Trustees&#8217; belief that
this allows the Board, as a whole, to oversee the business of the Fund in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Fund&#8217;s
shareholders. When considering potential nominees to fill vacancies on the Board, and as part of its annual self-evaluation, the
Board reviews the mix of skills and other relevant experiences of the Trustees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Andrew G. Arnott &#8212; </I>Through
his positions as Executive Vice President of John Hancock Financial Services; Director and Executive Vice President of the Advisor
and an affiliated investment advisor, John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC; President of John Hancock Funds, LLC; and
President of the John Hancock Fund Complex, Mr. Arnott has experience in the management of investments, registered investment companies,
variable annuities and retirement products, enabling him to provide management input to the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Charles L. Bardelis</I> &#8212; As
a director and former chief executive of an operating company, Mr. Bardelis has experience with a variety of financial, staffing,
regulatory and operational issues. He also has experience as a director of publicly traded companies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>James R. Boyle</I> &#8212; Through
his former positions as chairman and director of the Advisor, position as a senior executive of Manulife Financial Corporation
(MFC), the Advisor&#8217;s parent company, and positions with other affiliates of the Advisor, Mr. Boyle has experience in the
development and management of registered investment companies, variable annuities and retirement products, enabling him to provide
management input to the Board. He also has experience as a senior executive of healthcare and insurance companies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Peter S. Burgess</I> &#8212; As a
financial consultant and certified public accountant, and a former partner in a major international public accounting firm, Mr.
Burgess has experience in the auditing of financial services companies and mutual funds. He also has experience as a director of
publicly traded operating companies.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>William H. Cunningham</I> &#8212;
Mr. Cunningham has management and operational oversight experience as a former Chancellor and President of a major university.
Mr. Cunningham regularly teaches a graduate course in corporate governance at the law school and the Red McCombs School of Business
at The University of Texas at Austin. He also has oversight and corporate governance experience as a current and former director
of a number of operating companies, including an insurance company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Grace K. Fey</I> &#8212; As a consultant
to nonprofit and corporate boards, and as a former director and executive of an investment management firm, Ms. Fey has experience
in the investment management industry. She also has experience as a director of an operating company.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Marianne Harrison</I> &#8212; Through her
position as President and CEO, John Hancock, and previous experience as President and CEO, Manulife Canadian Division, President
and General Manager for John Hancock Long-Term Care Insurance, and Executive Vice President and Controller for Manulife, Ms. Harrison
has experience as a strategic business builder expanding product offerings and distribution, enabling her to provide management
input to the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Theron S. Hoffman</I> &#8212; As a
consultant and as a former senior executive and director of several large public and private companies, including a global reinsurance
company and a large investment management firm, Mr. Hoffman has extensive experience in corporate governance, business operations
and new product development. In addition, his prior service as chair of corporate pension trusts has given him experience in the
oversight of investment managers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Deborah C. Jackson</I> &#8212; Ms.
Jackson has management and operational oversight experience as the president of a college and as the former chief executive officer
of a major charitable organization. She also has oversight and corporate governance experience as a current and former director
of various corporate organizations, including a bank, an insurance company and a regional stock exchange, and nonprofit entities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Hassell H. McClellan</I> &#8212; As
a former professor of finance and policy in the graduate management department of a major university, a current director of a public
company, and as a former director of several privately held companies, Mr. McClellan has experience in corporate and financial
matters. He also has experience as a director of other investment companies not affiliated with the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>James M. Oates</I> &#8212; As a senior
officer and director of investment management companies, Mr. Oates has experience in investment management. Mr. Oates previously
served as chief executive officer of one bank and president and chief operating officer of another bank. He also has experience
as a director of publicly traded companies and investment companies not affiliated with the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Steven R. Pruchansky</I> &#8212; Mr.
Pruchansky has entrepreneurial, executive and financial experience as a chief executive officer of an operating services company
and a current and former director of real estate and banking companies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><I>Gregory A. Russo</I> &#8212; As a
certified public accountant and former partner in a major independent registered public accounting firm, Mr. Russo has accounting
and executive experience. He also has experience as a current and former director of various operating entities.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>Duties of Trustees</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is organized as a Massachusetts business
trust. Under the Declaration of Trust, the Trustees are responsible for managing the affairs of the Fund, including the appointment
of advisors and subadvisors. Each Trustee has the experience, skills, attributes or qualifications described above (see &#8220;&#8212;Principal
Occupation(s) and Other Directorships&#8221; and &#8220;&#8212;Additional Information about the Trustees&#8221; above). The Board
appoints officers who assist in managing the day-to-day affairs of the Fund. The Board met five times during the latest fiscal
year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Board has appointed an Independent Trustee
as Chairperson. The Chairperson presides at meetings of the Trustees and may call meetings of the Board and any Board committee
whenever he deems it necessary. The Chairperson participates in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the
identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairperson
also acts as a liaison with the Fund&#8217;s management, officers, attorneys, and other Trustees generally between meetings. The
Chairperson may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. The Board has also designated
a Vice Chairperson to serve in the absence of the Chairperson. Except for any duties specified in this SAI or pursuant to the Fund&#8217;s
Declaration of Trust or Amended and Restated By-Laws (the &#8220;By-Laws), or as assigned by the Board, the designation of a Trustee
as Chairperson or Vice Chairperson does not impose on that Trustee any duties,</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">obligations or liability that are greater than
the duties, obligations or liability imposed on any other Trustee, generally. The Board has designated a number of standing committees
as further described below, each of which has a Chairperson. The Board also may designate working groups or ad hoc committees as
it deems appropriate.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Board believes that this leadership structure
is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise informed and independent judgment over matters under its purview, and it
allocates areas of responsibility among committees or working groups of Trustees and the full Board in a manner that enhances effective
oversight. The Board considers leadership by an Independent Trustee as Chairperson to be integral to promoting effective independent
oversight of the Fund&#8217;s operations and meaningful representation of the shareholders&#8217; interests. The Board also believes
that having a super-majority of Independent Trustees is appropriate and in the best interest of the Fund&#8217;s shareholders.
Nevertheless, the Board also believes that having interested persons serve on the Board brings corporate and financial viewpoints
that are, in the Board&#8217;s view, helpful elements in its decision-making process. In addition, the Board believes that Ms.
Harrison and Messrs. Arnott and Boyle, as current or former executives of the Advisor (or of its parent company, MFC), and of other
affiliates of the Advisor, provide the Board with the perspective of the Advisor in managing and sponsoring the Fund. The leadership
structure of the Board may be changed, at any time and in the discretion of the Board, including in response to changes in circumstances
or the characteristics of the Fund.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>Board Committees</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Board has established an Audit Committee;
Compliance Committee; Contracts, Legal &amp; Risk Committee; Nominating and Governance Committee; and Investment Committee. The
current membership of each committee is set forth below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><B>Audit Committee.</B> The Board has
a standing Audit Committee composed solely of Independent Trustees (Messrs. Bardelis, Burgess, and Hoffman). Mr. Burgess serves
as Chairperson of this Committee. This Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018, to review the internal
and external accounting and auditing procedures of the Fund and, among other things, to consider the selection of an independent
registered public accounting firm for the Fund, to approve all significant services proposed to be performed by its independent
registered public accounting firm and to consider the possible effect of such services on its independence.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><B>Compliance Committee</B>. The Board
also has a standing Compliance Committee (Mses. Fey and Jackson and Mr. Cunningham). This Committee reviews and makes recommendations
to the full Board regarding certain compliance matters relating to the Fund. Ms. Fey serves as Chairperson of this Committee. This
Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><B>Contracts, Legal &amp; Risk Committee</B>.
The Board also has a standing Contracts, Legal &amp; Risk Committee (Messrs. Boyle, Oates, Pruchansky, and Russo). This Committee
met four times during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018. This Committee oversees the initiation, operation, and renewal of
the various contracts between the Fund and other entities. These contracts include advisory and subadvisory agreements, custodial
and transfer agency agreements and arrangements with other service providers. The Committee also reviews the significant legal
affairs of the Funds, as well as any significant regulatory and legislative actions or proposals affecting or relating to the Funds
or their service providers. The Committee also assists the Board in its oversight role with respect to the processes pursuant to
which the Advisor and the subadvisors identify, manage and report the various risks that affect or could affect the Funds. Mr.
Russo serves as Chairperson of this Committee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><B>Nominating and Governance Committee.</B>
The Board also has a Nominating and Governance Committee composed of all of the Independent Trustees. This Committee met five times
during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018. This Committee will consider nominees recommended by Fund shareholders. Nominations
should be forwarded to the attention of the Secretary of the Fund at 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116. Any shareholder
nomination must be submitted in compliance with all of the pertinent provisions of Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), in order to be considered by this Committee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Investment Committee</B>. The Board
also has an Investment Committee composed of all of the Trustees. The Investment Committee has five subcommittees with the Trustees
divided among the five subcommittees (each an &#8220;Investment Sub-Committee&#8221;). Each Investment Sub-Committee reviews investment
matters relating to a particular group of funds and coordinates with the full Board regarding investment matters. Ms. Jackson and
Messrs. Bardelis, Cunningham, Hoffman, and Oates serve as Chairpersons of the Investment Sub-Committees. The Investment Committee
met five times during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Annually, the Board evaluates its performance
and that of its Committees, including the effectiveness of the Board&#8217;s Committee structure.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>Risk Oversight</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As a registered investment company, the Fund
is subject to a variety of risks, including investment risks (such as, among others, market risk, credit risk and interest rate
risk), financial risks (such as, among others, settlement risk, liquidity risk and valuation risk), compliance risks, and operational
risks. As a part of its overall activities, the Board oversees the Fund&#8217;s risk management activities that are implemented
by the Advisor, the Fund&#8217;s Chief Compliance Officer (&#8220;CCO&#8221;) and other service providers to the Fund. The Advisor
has primary responsibility for the Fund&#8217;s risk management on a day-to-day basis as a part of its overall responsibilities.
The Fund&#8217;s Subadvisor, subject to oversight of the Advisor, is primarily responsible for managing investment and financial
risks as a part of its day-to-day investment responsibilities, as well as operational and compliance risks at its firm. The Advisor
and the CCO also assist the Board in overseeing compliance with investment policies of the Fund and regulatory requirements, and
monitor the implementation of the various compliance policies and procedures approved by the Board as a part of its oversight responsibilities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor identifies to the Board the risks
that it believes may affect the Fund and develops processes and controls regarding such risks. However, risk management is a complex
and dynamic undertaking and it is not always possible to comprehensively identify and/or mitigate all such risks at all times since
risks are at times impacted by external events. In discharging its oversight responsibilities, the Board considers risk management
issues throughout the year with the assistance of its various Committees as described below. Each Committee meets at least quarterly
and presents reports to the Board, which may prompt further discussion of issues concerning the oversight of the Fund&#8217;s risk
management. The Board as a whole also reviews written reports or presentations on a variety of risk issues as needed and may discuss
particular risks that are not addressed in the Committee process.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Board has established an Investment Committee,
which consists of five Investment Sub-Committees. Each Investment Sub-Committee assists the Board in overseeing the significant
investment policies of the Fund and the performance of its subadvisors. The Advisor monitors these policies and subadvisor activities
and may recommend changes in connection with the Fund to the relevant Investment Sub-Committee in response to subadvisor requests
or other circumstances. On at least a quarterly basis, the Investment Sub-Committee reviews reports from the Advisor regarding
the Fund&#8217;s investment performance, which include information about investment and financial risks and how they are managed,
and from the CCO or his/her delegate regarding subadvisor compliance matters. In addition, the Investment Sub-Committee meets periodically
with the portfolio managers of the Fund&#8217;s subadvisor to receive reports regarding management of the Fund, including with
respect to risk management processes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Audit Committee assists the Board in reviewing
with the independent auditors, at various times throughout the year, matters relating to the Fund&#8217;s financial reporting.
In addition, this Committee oversees the process of the Fund&#8217;s valuation of its portfolio securities, assisted by the Fund&#8217;s
Pricing Committee (composed of officers of the Fund), which calculates fair value determinations pursuant to procedures adopted
by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Compliance Committee assists the Board in
overseeing the activities of the Fund&#8217;s CCO with respect to the compliance programs of the Fund, the Advisor, the subadvisor,
and certain of the Fund&#8217;s other service providers (the distributor and transfer agent). This Committee and the Board receive
and consider periodic reports from the CCO throughout the year, including the CCO&#8217;s annual written report, which, among other
things, summarizes material compliance issues that arose during the previous year and any remedial action taken to address these
issues, as well as any material changes to the compliance programs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Contracts, Legal &amp; Risk Committee assists
the Board in its oversight role with respect to the processes pursuant to which the Advisor and the subadvisor identify, assess,
manage and report the various risks that affect or could affect the Fund. This Committee reviews reports from the Fund&#8217;s
Advisor on a periodic basis regarding the risks facing the Fund, and makes recommendations to the Board concerning risks and risk
oversight matters as the Committee deems appropriate. This Committee also coordinates with the other Board Committees regarding
risks relevant to the other Committees, as appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addressing issues regarding the Fund&#8217;s
risk management between meetings, appropriate representatives of the Advisor communicate with the Chairperson of the Board, the
relevant Committee Chair, or the Fund&#8217;s CCO, who is</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">directly accountable to the Board. As appropriate,
the Chairperson of the Board, the Committee Chairs and the Trustees confer among themselves, with the Fund&#8217;s CCO, the Advisor,
other service providers, external fund counsel, and counsel to the Independent Trustees, to identify and review risk management
issues that may be placed on the full Board&#8217;s agenda and/or that of an appropriate Committee for review and discussion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition, in its annual review of the Fund&#8217;s
advisory, subadvisory and distribution agreements, the Board reviews information provided by the Advisor, the subadvisor and the
distributor relating to their operational capabilities, financial condition, risk management processes and resources.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Board may, at any time and in its discretion,
change the manner in which it conducts its risk oversight role.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor also has its own, independent interest
in risk management. In this regard, the Advisor has appointed a Risk and Investment Operations Committee, consisting of senior
personnel from each of the Advisor&#8217;s functional departments. This Committee reports periodically to the Board and the Contracts,
Legal &amp; Risk Committee on risk management matters. The Advisor&#8217;s risk management program is part of the overall risk
management program of John Hancock, the Advisor&#8217;s parent company. John Hancock&#8217;s Chief Risk Officer supports the Advisor&#8217;s
risk management program, and at the Board&#8217;s request will report on risk management matters.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Trustee Compensation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund pays fees to its Independent Trustees.
Trustees also are reimbursed for travel and other out-of-pocket expenses. Each Independent Trustee receives in the aggregate from
the Fund and the other closed-end funds in the John Hancock Fund Complex an annual retainer of $40,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table provides information regarding
the compensation paid by the Fund and the other investment companies in the John Hancock Fund Complex to the Independent Trustees
for their services during the Fund&#8217;s fiscal year ended October&nbsp;31, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Independent Trustees</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>&#9;Fund&#9;</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>&#9;John&nbsp;Hancock&nbsp;Fund&nbsp;Complex</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Charles L. Bardelis</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$389,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">James R. Boyle</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 22.1pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;$369,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Peter S. Burgess</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$409,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">William H. Cunningham</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$389,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Grace K. Fey</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$409,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Theron S. Hoffman</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$389,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deborah C. Jackson</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$389,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hassell H. McClellan</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$529,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">James M. Oates</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$389,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Steven R. Pruchansky</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 26.6pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$389,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gregory A. Russo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$409,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Non-Independent Trustees</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 22.1pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;$0</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andrew G. Arnott</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 22.1pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;$0</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marianne Harrison</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 22.1pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;$0</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Warren A. Thomson<SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 22.1pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;$0</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 10pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Retired from the Board effective as of December 31,
2018.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund does not have a pension or retirement
plan for any of its Trustees or officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Trustee Ownership of Shares of John Hancock
Funds</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The table below sets forth the aggregate dollar
range of equity securities beneficially owned by the Trustees in the Fund and in all John Hancock funds overseen by each Trustee
as of December 31, 2018. The information as to beneficial ownership is based on statements furnished to the Fund by the Trustees.
Each of the Trustees has all voting and investment powers with respect to the shares indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Trustees</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>&#9;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fund&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#9;</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>&#9;John&nbsp;Hancock&nbsp;Fund&nbsp;Complex&#9;</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Independent Trustees</I></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Charles L. Bardelis</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$1-$10,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">James R. Boyle</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Peter S. Burgess</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Trustees</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fund&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; padding: 4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>John&nbsp;Hancock&nbsp;Fund&nbsp;Complex</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">William H. Cunningham</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Grace K. Fey</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Theron S. Hoffman</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deborah C. Jackson</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hassell H. McClellan</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">James M. Oates</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Steven R. Pruchansky</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gregory A. Russo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,001-$50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 187.8pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>Non-Independent Trustees</I></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andrew G. Arnott</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marianne Harrison</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over $100,000</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_006"></A>Shareholders of the
Fund</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As of February 1, 2019, the officers and Trustees
of the Fund as a group owned beneficially less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">To the best knowledge of the Fund, the shareholders
listed below owned more than 5% of the fund&#8217;s shares as of February 1, 2019. Information related to these shareholders is
as of the date indicated and may be different as of February 1, 2019.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 85%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 42%; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 38%; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 0.75pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name and Address of Owner</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 7.2pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Amount</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 7.2pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Percentage</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 1.25pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">First Trust Portfolios LP</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">120 East Liberty Drive</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Suite 400</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Wheaton, IL 60187</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 12.25pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -12.25pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">481,505</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 12.25pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -12.25pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;5.53%<SUP>1</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Palatino Linotype, Palatino, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><SUP>1</SUP>As of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 12.25pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -12.25pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 12.25pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -12.25pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_007"></A>Investment Advisory
and Other Services</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A discussion regarding the basis for the Trustees&#8217;
approval of the Advisory Agreement and the Subadvisory Agreements is available in the Fund&#8217;s most recent shareholder report
for the fiscal year ended October 31.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>THE ADVISOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor is a Delaware limited liability
company whose principal offices are located at 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116 and serves as the Fund&#8217;s
investment advisor. The Advisor is registered with the SEC as an investment advisor under the Advisers Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Founded in 1968, the Advisor is an indirect
principally owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.), a subsidiary of Manulife Financial Corporation (&#8220;Manulife
Financial&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;). Manulife Financial is the holding company of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company
(the &#8220;Life Company&#8221;) and its subsidiaries. John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.) and its subsidiaries (&#8220;John
Hancock&#8221;) today offer a broad range of financial products and services, including whole, term, variable, and universal life
insurance, as well as college savings products, mutual funds, fixed and variable annuities, long-term care insurance and various
forms of business insurance. Additional information about John Hancock may be found on the Internet at johnhancock.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor&#8217;s parent company has been
helping individuals and institutions work toward their financial goals since 1862. The Advisor offers investment solutions managed
by institutional money managers, taking a disciplined team approach to portfolio management and research, leveraging the expertise
of seasoned investment professionals. The Advisor has been managing closed-end funds since 1971. As of December 31, 2018, the Advisor
had total assets under management of approximately $131.8 billion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Manulife Financial Corporation is a leading international financial services group with principal operations
in Asia, Canada and the United States. Operating primarily as John Hancock in the United States and Manulife elsewhere, it provides
financial protection products and advice, insurance, as well as wealth and asset management services through its extensive network
of solutions for individuals, groups and institutions. As of December 31, 2018, it had over C$1.1 trillion (US$794 billion) in
assets under management and administration. Its global headquarters are in Toronto, Canada, and it trades as &lsquo;MFC&rsquo;
on the Toronto Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange (the &ldquo;NYSE&rdquo;), and the Philippine Stock Exchange, and under &lsquo;945&rsquo;
in Hong Kong. Manulife Financial Corporation can be found on the Internet at manulife.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisor serves as investment advisor to
the Fund and is responsible for monitoring the Subadvisor&#8217;s services to the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Advisory Agreement. </I></B>The Fund has
entered into an investment management contract dated July 1, 2009 (the &#8220;Advisory Agreement&#8221;) with the Advisor. As compensation
for its advisory services under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor receives a fee from the Fund, calculated and paid daily, at
an annual rate of the Fund&#8217;s average daily managed assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table shows the advisory fee that
the Fund incurred and paid to the Advisor for the last three fiscal years ended October 31, 2018, October 31, 2017, and October
31, 2016.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2018</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2017</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2016</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$1,311,009</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$1,325,936</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$1,284,601</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement and subject
to the general supervision of the Trustees, the Advisor selects, contracts with, and compensates the Subadvisor to manage the investments
and determine the composition of the assets of the Fund; provided, that any contract with a Subadvisor (a &#8220;Subadvisory Agreement&#8221;)
shall be in compliance with and approved as required by the 1940 Act, except for such exemptions therefrom as may be granted to
the Fund or the Advisor. The Advisor monitors the Subadvisor&#8217;s management of the Fund&#8217;s investment operations in accordance
with the investment objectives and related investment policies of the Fund, reviews the performance of the Subadvisor and reports
periodically on such performance to the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor
has entered into a Subadvisory Agreement with the Subadvisor to provide day-to-day portfolio management of the Fund and to implement
the Fund&#8217;s portfolio management strategies and investment objective. The Advisory Agreement provides that the Advisor may
terminate the Subadvisory Agreement entered into and directly assume any functions performed by the Subadvisor, upon approval of
the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund pays all expenses of its organization,
operations and business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisory Agreement had an initial period
of two years and continues from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually: (i) by the vote of a majority
of the Independent Trustees; and (ii) either by the Board or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisory Agreement may be terminated at
any time without penalty upon sixty (60) days&#8217; written notice by the Board or the Advisor, as applicable, or by the vote
of the majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. The Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its
assignment. The Subadvisory Agreement terminates automatically upon the termination of the Advisory Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisory Agreement provides that, in the
absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations or duties to the Fund under
such agreements on the part of the Advisor, the Advisor shall not be liable to the Fund or to any shareholder for any loss sustained
in connection with the purchase, holding, redemption or sale of any security on behalf of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Service Agreement. </I></B>The Fund has
entered into a management-related service contract dated July 1, 2009 and re-executed on January 1, 2014 (the &#8220;Service Agreement&#8221;)
with JHA, under which the Fund receives Non-Advisory Services. These &#8220;Non-Advisory Services&#8221; include, but are not limited
to, legal, tax, accounting, valuation, financial reporting and performance, compliance, service provider oversight, portfolio and
cash management, project management office, EDGAR conversion and filing, graphic design, and other services that are not investment
advisory in nature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">JHA is reimbursed by the Fund for its costs
in providing Non-Advisory Services to the Fund under the Service Agreement. The following table shows the expenses incurred by
JHA in providing services under the Services Agreement for the last three fiscal years ended October 31, 2018, October 31, 2017,
and October 31, 2016.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2018</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2017</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2016</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$50,658</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$57,107</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$48,985</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Service Agreement had an initial period
of two years and continues from year to year so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority
of the Board and a majority of the Independent Trustees. The Fund or JHA may terminate the Service Agreement at any time without
penalty upon 60 days&#8217; written notice to the other party. The Service Agreement may be amended by mutual written agreement
of the parties, without obtaining shareholder approval.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">JHA is not liable for any error of judgment
or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which the Service Agreement relates, except
losses resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence by JHA in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard
by JHA of its obligations under the Service Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>THE SUBADVISOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Subadvisory Agreement. </I></B>The Advisor
entered into a Subadvisory Agreement dated December 31, 2005 with the Subadvisor (the &#8220;Subadvisory Agreement&#8221;). The
Subadvisor handles the fund&#8217;s portfolio management activity, subject to oversight by the Advisor. The Subadvisor, organized
in 1968, is a wholly owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.) (a subsidiary of Manulife Financial, a publicly
held, Canadian-based company). As of December 31, 2018, the Subadvisor had total assets under management of approximately $184.6
billion. The Subadvisor is located at 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Under the terms of the Subadvisory Agreement,
the Subadvisor is responsible for managing the investment and reinvestment of the assets of the Fund, subject to the supervision
and control of the Board and the Advisor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisory Agreement had an initial period
of two years and continues from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually: (i) by the Board or by
the holders of a majority of its outstanding voting securities and (ii) by a majority of the Trustees who are not &#8220;interested
persons&#8221; (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any party to the Subadvisory Agreement. The Subadvisory Agreement terminates automatically
in the event of its assignment or upon termination of the Advisory Agreement and may be terminated without penalty upon 60 days&#8217;
written notice at the option of the Advisor, the Subadvisor, by the Board or by a vote of a majority of the Fund&#8217;s outstanding
shares. As discussed above, the Advisor may terminate the Subadvisory Agreement and directly assume responsibility for the services
provided by the Subadvisor upon approval by the Board without the need for approval of the shareholders of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisory Agreement provides that in the
absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the
Subadvisor is not liable for any error or judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Both the Advisor and the Subadvisor are controlled
by Manulife Financial. Advisory arrangements involving an affiliated subadvisor may present certain potential conflicts of interest.
Manulife Financial benefits not only from the net advisory fee retained by the Advisor, but also from the subadvisory fee paid
by the Advisor to the Subadvisor. Consequently, Manulife may be viewed as benefiting financially from the appointment of or continued
service of the Subadvisor to manage the Fund. However, both the Advisor, in recommending to the Board the appointment or continued
service of an affiliated subadvisor, and the Subadvisor have a fiduciary duty to act in the best interests of the Fund and its
shareholders. The Independent Trustees are aware of and monitor these potential conflicts of interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>PORTFOLIO MANAGERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The Subadvisor handles the Fund&#8217;s portfolio management activities,
subject to oversight by the Advisor. The individuals primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio
are listed below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following tables present information regarding
accounts other than the Fund for which each portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities. Accounts are grouped
into three categories: (i) other investment companies, (ii) other pooled investment vehicles, and (iii) other accounts. To the
extent that any of these accounts pay advisory fees based on account performance, information on those accounts is specifically
broken out. In addition, any assets denominated in foreign currencies have been converted into U.S. dollars using the exchange
rates as of the applicable date. Also shown below the chart is each portfolio manager&#8217;s investment in the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table reflects approximate information
as of October 31, 2018:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Registered Investment Companies</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Other Pooled Investment Vehicles</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Other Accounts</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 27%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 11%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Number of Accounts</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total Assets $Million</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 11%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Number of Accounts</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total Assets $Million</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 11%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Number of Accounts</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total Assets $Million</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>John F. Addeo, CFA</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,040</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">8</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,201</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">323</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Jeffrey N. Given, CFA</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">22</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">51,602</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,472</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,987</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dennis F. McCafferty, CFA</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,040</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,001</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 3pt; padding-bottom: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Performance-Based Fees for Other Accounts Managed</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>Number and value of accounts within the total accounts that are
subject to a performance-based advisory fee: None.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Portfolio Manager Ownership of Shares of the Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The table below sets forth the aggregate dollar
range of equity securities beneficially owned by each portfolio manager in the Fund as of October 31, 2018. The information as
to beneficial ownership is based on statements furnished to the Fund by the portfolio managers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Portfolio Manager</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Range of Beneficial Ownership in the Fund</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Range of Beneficial Ownership in Similarly Managed Accounts</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">John F. Addeo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$50,001-$100,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Jeffrey N. Given</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$1-$10,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dennis F. McCafferty</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Conflicts of Interest.</I></B> When a
portfolio manager is responsible for the management of more than one account, the potential arises for the portfolio manager to
favor one account over another. The principal types of potential conflicts of interest that may arise are discussed below. For
the reasons outlined below, the Fund does not believe that any material conflicts are likely to arise out of a portfolio manager&#8217;s
responsibility for the management of the Fund as well as one or more other accounts. The Advisor and Subadvisor have adopted procedures
that are intended to monitor compliance with the policies referred to in the following paragraphs. Generally, the risks of such
conflicts of interests are increased to the extent that a portfolio manager has a financial incentive to favor one account over
another. The Advisor and Subadvisor have structured their compensation arrangements in a manner that is intended to limit such
potential for conflicts of interests. See &#8220;Compensation of Portfolio Managers&#8221; below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">A portfolio manager could
favor one account over another in allocating new investment opportunities that have limited supply, such as initial public offerings
and private placements. If, for example, an initial public offering that was expected to appreciate in value significantly shortly
after the offering was allocated to a single account, that account may be expected to have better investment performance than other
accounts that did not receive an allocation on the initial public offering. The Subadvisor has policies that require a portfolio
manager to allocate such investment opportunities in an equitable manner and generally to allocate such investments proportionately
among all accounts with similar investment objectives.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">A portfolio manager could
favor one account over another in the order in which trades for the accounts are placed. If a portfolio manager determines to purchase
a security for more than one account in an aggregate amount that may influence the market price of the security, accounts that
purchased or sold the security first may receive a more favorable price than accounts that made subsequent transactions. The less
liquid the market for the security or the greater the percentage that the proposed aggregate purchases or sales represent of average
daily trading volume, the greater the potential for accounts that make subsequent purchases or sales to receive a less favorable
price. When a portfolio manager intends to trade the same security for more </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify">than one account, the policies of
the Subadvisor generally require that such trades be &#8220;bunched,&#8221; which means that the trades for the individual accounts
are aggregated and each account receives the same price. There are some types of accounts as to which bunching may not be possible
for contractual reasons (such as directed brokerage arrangements). Circumstances may also arise where the trader believes that
bunching the orders may not result in the best possible price. Where those accounts or circumstances are involved, the Subadvisor
will place the order in a manner intended to result in as favorable a price as possible for such client.</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">A portfolio manager could
favor an account if the portfolio manager&#8217;s compensation is tied to the performance of that account rather than all accounts
managed by the portfolio manager. If, for example, the portfolio manager receives a bonus based upon the performance of certain
accounts relative to a benchmark while other accounts are disregarded for this purpose, the portfolio manager will have a financial
incentive to seek to have the accounts that determine the portfolio manager&#8217;s bonus achieve the best possible performance
to the possible detriment of other accounts. Similarly, if the Subadvisor receives a performance-based advisory fee, the portfolio
manager may favor that account, whether or not the performance of that account directly determines the portfolio manager&#8217;s
compensation. The investment performance on specific accounts is not a factor in determining the portfolio manager&#8217;s compensation.
See &#8220;Compensation of Portfolio Managers&#8221; below. Neither the Advisor nor the Subadvisor receives a performance-based
fee with respect to any of the accounts managed by the portfolio managers.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">A portfolio manager could
favor an account if the portfolio manager has a beneficial interest in the account, in order to benefit a large client or to compensate
a client that had poor returns. For example, if the portfolio manager held an interest in an investment partnership that was one
of the accounts managed by the portfolio manager, the portfolio manager would have an economic incentive to favor the account in
which the portfolio manager held an interest. The Subadvisor imposes certain trading restrictions and reporting requirements for
accounts in which a portfolio manager or certain family members have a personal interest in order to confirm that such accounts
are not favored over other accounts.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the different accounts have materially and potentially conflicting
investment objectives or strategies, a conflict of interest may arise. For example, if a portfolio manager purchases a security
for one account and sells the same security short for another account, such trading pattern could disadvantage either the account
that is long or short. In making portfolio manager assignments, the Subadvisor seeks to avoid such potentially conflicting situations.
However, where a portfolio manager is responsible for accounts with differing investment objectives and policies, it is possible
that the portfolio manager will conclude that it is in the best interest of one account to sell a portfolio security while another
account continues to hold or increase the holding in such security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Compensation of Portfolio Managers</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor has adopted a system of compensation
for portfolio managers and others involved in the investment process that is applied systematically among investment professionals.
At the Subadvisor, the structure of compensation of investment professionals is currently composed of the following basic components:
base salary and an annual investment bonus plan as well as customary benefits that are offered generally to all full-time employees
of the Subadvisor. A limited number of senior investment professionals, who serve as officers of both the Subadvisor and its parent
company, may also receive options or restricted stock grants of common shares of Manulife Financial. The following describes each
component of the compensation package for the individuals identified as a portfolio manager for the Funds.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Base salary. Base compensation is fixed
and normally reevaluated on an annual basis. The Subadvisor seeks to set compensation at market rates, taking into account the
experience and responsibilities of the investment professional.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt/12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Investment Bonus Plan. Only investment
professionals are eligible to participate in the Investment Bonus Plan. Under the plan, investment professionals are eligible for
an annual bonus. The plan is intended to </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>





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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt">provide a
competitive level of annual bonus compensation that is tied to the investment professional achieving superior investment performance
and aligns the financial incentives of the Subadvisor and the investment professional. Any bonus under the plan is completely discretionary,
with a maximum annual bonus that may be well in excess of base salary. Payout of a portion of this bonus may be deferred for up
to five years. While the amount of any bonus is discretionary, the following factors are generally used in determining bonuses
under the plan:</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><I>Investment Performance</I>: The investment
performance of all accounts managed by the investment professional over one, three and five-year periods are considered. With respect
to fixed income accounts, relative yields are also used to measure performance. The pre-tax performance of each account is measured
relative to an appropriate benchmark and universe as identified in the table below.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><I>The Profitability of the Subadvisor</I>:
The profitability of the Subadvisor and its parent company are also considered in determining bonus awards.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><I>Non-Investment Performance</I>: To a
lesser extent, intangible contributions, including the investment professional&rsquo;s support of client service and sales activities,
new fund/strategy idea generation, professional growth and development, and management, where applicable, are also evaluated when
determining bonus awards.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt/12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Options and Stock Grants. A limited number
of senior investment professionals may receive options to purchase shares of Manulife Financial stock. Generally, such option would
permit the investment professional to purchase a set amount of stock at the market price on the date of grant. The option can be
exercised for a set period (normally a number of years or until termination of employment) and the investment professional would
exercise the option if the market value of Manulife Financial stock increases. Some investment professionals may receive restricted
stock grants, where the investment professional is entitled to receive the stock at no or nominal cost, provided that the stock
is forgone if the investment professional&rsquo;s employment is terminated prior to a vesting date.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The Subadvisor also permits investment professionals to participate
on a voluntary basis in a deferred compensation plan, under which the investment professional may elect on an annual basis to defer
receipt of a portion of their compensation until retirement. Participation in the plan is voluntary. The pre-tax performance of
the Fund is measured relative to the benchmark listed below:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 31%; border: silver 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Fund</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 69%; border-top: silver 1pt solid; border-right: silver 1pt solid; border-bottom: silver 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Benchmark</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: silver 1pt solid; border-bottom: silver 1pt solid; border-left: silver 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investors Trust</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: silver 1pt solid; border-bottom: silver 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Other Services</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>Proxy voting</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s proxy voting policies and procedures
(the &#8220;Fund&#8217;s Procedures&#8221;) delegate to the Subadvisor the responsibility to vote all proxies relating to securities
held by the Fund in accordance with the Subadvisor&#8217;s proxy voting policies and procedures. The Subadvisor has a duty to vote
such proxies in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. Complete descriptions of the Fund&#8217;s Procedures and the
proxy voting procedures of the Subadvisor are set forth in Appendix B to this SAI.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">It is possible that conflicts of interest could
arise for the Subadvisor when voting proxies. Such conflicts could arise, for example, when the Subadvisor or its affiliate has
a client or other business relationship with the issuer of the security being voted or with a third party that has an interest
in the vote. A conflict of interest also could arise when the Fund, its investment advisor or principal underwriter or any of their
affiliates has an interest in the vote.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In the event that the Subadvisor becomes aware
of a material conflict of interest, the Fund&#8217;s Procedures generally require the Subadvisor to follow any conflicts procedures
that may be included in the Subadvisor&#8217;s proxy voting procedures. The conflict procedures generally will include one or more
of the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -21.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.6pt">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">voting pursuant to the recommendation of a third party voting service;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -21.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.6pt">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">voting pursuant to pre-determined voting guidelines; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -21.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.6pt">(c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">referring voting to a special compliance or oversight committee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The specific conflicts procedures of the Subadvisor
are set forth in the Subadvisor&#8217;s proxy voting procedures included in Appendix B. While these conflicts procedures may reduce,
they will not necessarily eliminate, any influence on proxy voting of conflicts of interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Although the Subadvisor has a duty to vote all
proxies on behalf of the Fund, it is possible that the Subadvisor may not be able to vote proxies under certain circumstances.
For example, it may be impracticable to translate in a timely manner voting materials that are written in a foreign language or
to travel to a foreign country when voting in person rather than by proxy is required. In addition, if the voting of proxies for
shares of a security prohibits the Subadvisor from trading the shares in the marketplace for a period of time, the Subadvisor may
determine that it is not in the best interests of the Fund to vote the proxies. The Subadvisor also may choose not to recall securities
that have been lent in order to vote proxies for shares of the security since the Fund would lose security lending income if the
securities were recalled.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies
relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30th is available (i) without charge, upon request,
by calling 1-800-225-6020 and (ii) on the SEC&#8217;s website at http://www.sec.gov.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_008"></A>Determination of Net
Asset Value</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s net asset value per Common
Share (&#8220;NAV&#8221;) is normally determined each business day at the close of regular trading on the NYSE (typically 4:00
p.m. Eastern Time, on each business day that the NYSE is open) by dividing the Fund&#8217;s net assets by the number of Common
Shares outstanding. In case of emergency or other disruption resulting in the NYSE not opening for trading or the NYSE closing
at a time other than the regularly scheduled close, the NAV may be determined as of the regularly scheduled close of the NYSE pursuant
to the Fund's Valuation Policies and Procedures. The time at which shares and transactions are priced and until which orders are
accepted may vary to the extent permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission and applicable regulations. On holidays or
other days when the NYSE is closed, the NAV is not calculated. Trading of securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges
may take place on weekends and U.S. business holidays on which the Fund&#8217;s NAV is not calculated. Consequently, the Fund&#8217;s
portfolio securities may trade and the NAV of the Fund&#8217;s Common Shares may be significantly affected on days when a shareholder
will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund&#8217;s Common Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Portfolio securities are valued by various methods
that are generally described below. Portfolio securities also may be fair valued by the Fund&#8217;s Pricing Committee in certain
instances pursuant to procedures established by the Trustees. Equity securities are generally valued at the last sale price or,
for certain markets, the official closing price as of the close of the relevant exchange. Securities not traded on a particular
day are valued using last available bid prices. A security that is listed or traded on more than one exchange is typically valued
at the price on the exchange where the security was acquired or most likely will be sold. In certain instances, the Pricing Committee
may determine to value equity securities using prices obtained from another exchange or market if trading on the exchange or market
on which prices are typically obtained did not open for trading as scheduled, or if trading closed earlier than scheduled, and
trading occurred as normal on another exchange or market. Equity securities traded principally in foreign markets are typically
valued using the last sale price or official closing price in the relevant exchange or market, as adjusted by an independent pricing
vendor to reflect fair value. On any day a foreign market is closed and the NYSE is open, any foreign securities will typically
be valued using the last price or official closing price obtained from the relevant exchange on the prior business day adjusted
based on information provided by an independent pricing vendor to reflect fair value. Debt obligations are valued based on evaluated
prices provided by an independent pricing vendor. The value of securities denominated in foreign currencies is converted into U.S.
dollars at the exchange rate provided by</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">an independent pricing vendor. Exchange-traded
options are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices. Futures contracts are typically valued at settlement prices.
If settlement prices are not available, futures contracts may be valued using last traded prices. Shares of open-end investment
companies that are not exchange-traded funds (&#8220;ETFs&#8221;) held by the Fund are valued based on the NAVs of such other investment
companies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pricing vendors may use matrix pricing or valuation
models that utilize certain inputs and assumptions to derive values, including transaction data, credit quality information, general
market conditions, news, and other factors and assumptions.&nbsp;Special valuation considerations may apply with respect to the
Fund&#8217;s &#8220;odd-lot&#8221; positions, if any, as the Fund may receive different prices when it sells such positions than
it would receive for sales of institutional round lot positions.&nbsp;Pricing vendors generally value securities assuming orderly
transactions of institutional round lot sizes, but the Fund may hold or transact in such securities in smaller, odd lot sizes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Pricing Committee engages in oversight activities
with respect to the Fund&#8217;s pricing vendors, which includes, among other things, monitoring significant or unusual price fluctuations
above predetermined tolerance levels from the prior day, back-testing of pricing vendor prices against actual trades, conducting
periodic due diligence meetings and reviews, and periodically reviewing the inputs, assumptions and methodologies used by these
vendors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If market quotations, official closing prices,
or information furnished by a pricing vendor are not readily available or are otherwise deemed unreliable or not representative
of the fair value of such security because of market- or issuer-specific events, a security will be valued at its fair value as
determined in good faith by the Trustees. The Trustees are assisted in their responsibility to fair value securities by the Fund&#8217;s
Pricing Committee, and the actual calculation of a security&#8217;s fair value may be made by the Pricing Committee acting pursuant
to the procedures established by the Trustees. In certain instances, therefore, the Pricing Committee may determine that a reported
valuation does not reflect fair value, based on additional information available or other factors, and may accordingly determine
in good faith the fair value of the assets, which may differ from the reported valuation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Fair value pricing of securities is intended
to help ensure that the Fund&#8217;s NAV reflects the fair market value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities as of the close
of regular trading on the NYSE (as opposed to a value that no longer reflects market value as of such close). The use of fair value
pricing has the effect of valuing a security based upon the price the Fund might reasonably expect to receive if it sold that security
in an orderly transaction between market participants, but does not guarantee that the security can be sold at the fair value price.
Further, because of the inherent uncertainty and subjective nature of fair valuation, a fair valuation price may differ significantly
from the value that would have been used had a readily available market price for the investment existed and these differences
could be material.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Regarding the Fund&#8217;s investment in an
open-end investment company that is not an ETF, which (as noted above) is valued at such investment company&#8217;s NAV, the prospectus
for such investment company explains the circumstances and effects of fair value pricing for that investment company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_009"></A>Brokerage Allocation</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Subadvisory Agreement, the Subadvisor
is responsible for placing all orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities of the Fund. The Subadvisor has no formula
for the distribution of the Fund&#8217;s brokerage business; rather it places orders for the purchase and sale of securities with
the primary objective of obtaining the most favorable overall results for the Fund and the Subadvisor&#8217;s other clients. The
cost of securities transactions for the Fund primarily consists of brokerage commissions or dealer or underwriter spreads. Fixed-income
securities and money market instruments generally are traded on a net basis and normally do not involve either brokerage commissions
or transfer taxes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Occasionally, securities may be purchased directly
from the issuer. For securities traded primarily in the OTC market, the Subadvisor will, where possible, deal directly with dealers
who make a market in the securities unless better prices and execution are available elsewhere. Such dealers usually act as principals
for their own account.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Brokerage Commissions Paid</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table shows the aggregate amount
of brokerage commissions paid by the Fund for the last three fiscal years ended October 31, 2018, October 31, 2017, and October
31, 2016.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 80%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2018</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2017</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>October 31, 2016</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$2,411</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$806</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.35pt; padding-left: 2.35pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$0</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">No brokerage commissions paid by the Fund during
the last three fiscal years were to any broker that: (i) is an affiliated person of the Fund; (ii) is an affiliated person of an
affiliated person of the Fund; or (iii) has an affiliated person that is an affiliated person of the Fund, Advisor, Subadvisor,
or principal underwriter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Approved Trading Counterparties</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor maintains and periodically updates
a list of approved trading counterparties. Portfolio managers may execute trades only with pre-approved broker-dealer/counterparties.
A sub-group of the Subadvisor&#8217;s Brokerage Practices Committee, through a delegation from the Subadvisor&#8217;s Senior Investment
Policy Committee, reviews and approves all broker-dealers/counterparties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Selection of Brokers, Dealers, and Counterparties</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In placing orders for purchase and sale of securities
and selecting trading counterparties (including banks or broker-dealers) to effect these transactions, the Subadvisor seeks prompt
execution of orders at the most favorable prices reasonably obtainable. The Subadvisor will consider a number of factors when selecting
trading counterparties, including the overall direct net economic result to the Fund (including commissions, which may not be the
lowest available, but which ordinarily will not be higher than the generally prevailing competitive range), the financial strength,
reputation and stability of the counterparty, the efficiency with which the transaction is effected, the ability to effect the
transaction when a large block trade is involved, the availability of the counterparty to stand ready to execute possibly difficult
transactions in the future, and other matters involved in the receipt of brokerage and research services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor periodically prepares and maintains
a list of broker-dealer firms that have been deemed to provide valuable research as determined periodically by the investment staff,
together with a suggested non-binding amount of brokerage commissions (&#8220;non-binding target&#8221;) to be allocated to each
of these research firms, subject to certain requirements. Neither the Subadvisor nor any client has an obligation to any research
firm if the amount of brokerage commissions paid to the research firms is less than the applicable non-binding target.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In seeking best execution, traders have a variety
of venues available for execution. Traders may, in their discretion, use algorithmic strategies through direct market access (&#8220;DMA&#8221;)
tools and electronic crossing networks (&#8220;ECNs&#8221;). DMA allows the trader to act in the market without a full service
or other broker. ECNs give the trader additional options when searching for liquidity and the ability to trade block positions
in a more efficient manner. In selecting a broker, dealer or trading venue, traders consider the full range of available trading
platforms in seeking best execution.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Best Execution</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor owes a duty to its clients to
seek best execution when executing trades on behalf of clients. &#8220;Best execution&#8221; generally is understood to mean the
most favorable cost or net proceeds reasonably obtainable under the circumstances. The Subadvisor is not obligated to choose the
broker-dealer offering the lowest available commission rate if, in the Subadvisor&#8217;s reasonable judgment, there is a material
risk that the total cost or proceeds from the transaction might be less favorable than may be obtained elsewhere, or, if a higher
commission is justified by the trading provided by the broker-dealer, or if other considerations dictate using a different broker-dealer.
Negotiated commission rates generally will reflect overall execution requirements of the transaction without regard to whether
the broker may provide other services in addition to execution.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor may pay higher or lower commissions
to different brokers that provide different categories of services. Under this approach, the Subadvisor periodically may classify
different brokers in different categories based on execution abilities, the quality of research, brokerage services, block trading
capability, speed and responsiveness, or other services provided by the brokers. Some examples of these categories may include,
without limitation, full service brokers, alternative trading systems, client commission and execution-only brokers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The reasonableness of brokerage commission is
evaluated on an ongoing basis and at least annually on a formal basis.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">When more than one broker-dealer is believed
to be capable of providing the best combination of price and execution with respect to a particular portfolio transaction, the
Subadvisor often selects a broker-dealer that furnishes research and other related services or products. The amount of brokerage
allotted to a particular broker-dealer is not made pursuant to any binding agreement or commitment with any selected broker-dealer.
However, the Subadvisor maintains an internal allocation procedure to identify those broker-dealers who have provided us with effective
research and the amount of research provided, and the Subadvisor endeavors to direct sufficient commissions to it to ensure the
continued receipt of research that the Subadvisor believes is useful.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Soft Dollar Considerations</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor may pay for research and brokerage
services with the commission dollars generated by Fund account transactions (known as &#8220;soft dollar benefits&#8221;), subject
to certain conditions. Further, the Subadvisor may cause the Fund to pay up in return for soft dollar benefits (pay commissions,
markups or markdowns higher than those charged by other broker-dealers).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The research provided may be either proprietary
(created and provided by the broker-dealer, including tangible research products as well as access to analysts, traders and issuers)
or third-party (created by a third party, but provided by broker-dealer). Proprietary research is generally part of a &#8220;bundle&#8221;
of brokerage and research and the research is not separately priced. In the case of third party research, the cost of products
and services is generally more transparent, and payment is made by the broker to the preparer in &#8220;hard dollars.&#8221; The
Subadvisor may receive both proprietary and third party research and execution services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor considers three factors with
respect to all third-party research and execution services received through soft dollars:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Whether the product or service is eligible research or brokerage under SEC rules and regulations;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Whether an eligible product or service actually provides &#8220;lawful and appropriate assistance&#8221;
in the performance of the Subadvisor&#8217;s investment decision-making responsibilities; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"><B>&#8226;</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Whether the amount of the commission paid is reasonable in light of the value of the product or
service provided by the broker-dealer (viewed in terms of the particular transaction or the Subadvisor&#8217;s overall responsibilities
with respect to the Subadvisor&#8217;s client accounts).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Research services currently purchased with soft
dollars include: reports on the economy, industries, sectors and individual companies or issuers; introduction to issuers, invitations
to trade conferences, statistical information; statistical models; political and country analyses; reports on legal developments
affecting portfolio securities; information on technical market actions; and credit analyses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The overriding consideration in selecting brokers
to execute trade orders is the maximization of client profits through a combination of controlling transaction and securities costs
and seeking the most effective use of brokers&#8217; proprietary research and execution capabilities, while maintaining relationships
with those broker-dealers who consistently provide superior service. When the Subadvisor uses client brokerage commissions (or
markups or markdowns) to obtain research or other products or services, the Subadvisor receives a soft dollar benefit because the
Subadvisor does not have to produce or pay for the research, products or services. The Subadvisor may have an incentive to select
a broker-dealer based on the Subadvisor&#8217;s interest in receiving research or other products or services, rather than on the
Subadvisor&#8217;s clients&#8217; interest in receiving most favorable execution.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Any research received is used to service all
clients to which it is applicable, whether or not the client&#8217;s commissions were used to obtain the research. For example,
commissions of equity clients may be used to obtain research that is used with respect to fixed-income clients. The Subadvisor
does not attempt to allocate the relative costs or benefits of research among client accounts because the Subadvisor believe that,
in the aggregate, the research the Subadvisor receives benefits clients and assists the Subadvisor in fulfilling its overall duty
to its clients.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor does not enter into any agreement
or understanding with any broker-dealer which would obligate it to direct a specific amount of brokerage transactions or commissions
in return for such services. However, certain broker-dealers may state in advance the amount of brokerage commissions they expect
for certain services and the applicable cash equivalent.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Subadvisor may seek to obtain client commission
benefits through client commission arrangements in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Under these types of arrangements,
the Subadvisor can request that executing brokers allocate a portion of total commissions paid to a pool of &#8220;credits&#8221;
maintained by the broker that can be used to obtain client commission benefits. After accumulating a number of credits within the
pool, the Subadvisor may subsequently direct that those credits be used to pay appropriate parties in return for eligible client
commission benefits provided by the broker to the Subadvisor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">In summary, as noted above, the Sub advisor has three types of &#8220;soft
dollar&#8221; arrangements through which the Subadvisor receives benefits:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Full service brokers</I> &#8211; In addition to
receiving execution services, the Subadvisor also receives a variety of research and related services from these brokers, including,
for example, proprietary research reports on companies, markets or investment related reports, meetings with senior management
teams of companies, and discussions with the broker&#8217;s analysis and market experts.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.6pt">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><I>Client commission arrangements </I>(&#8220;CCA&#8221;) - Through CCA arrangements with brokers with whom the Subadvisor
places equity trades for execution, the Subadvisor generates commission credits with these CCA brokers that the Subadvisor can
direct and use to compensate third party research providers, including other brokers, for research received. The level of compensation
to such research providers is determined by the equity portfolio management teams using a quarterly voting process. The number
of votes determines the relative level of compensation paid to a research provider.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.6pt">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><I>Third party research vendors </I>- The Subadvisor may have soft dollar arrangements. Under these
arrangements, the Subadvisor will identify research services that it wants to obtain and subject to the approval of the soft dollar
broker, the soft dollar broker will directly contract with research providers for services provided to the Subadvisor. When the
Subadvisor executes equity trades with the soft dollar broker, the soft dollar broker allocates and pays a portion of the commission
to the research providers.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Trade Aggregation by the Subadvisor</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Because investment decisions often affect more
than one client, the Subadvisor frequently will attempt to acquire or dispose of the same security for more than one client at
the same time. The Subadvisor, to the extent permitted by applicable law, regulations and advisory contracts, may aggregate purchases
and sales of securities on behalf of its various clients for which it has discretion, provided that in the Subadvisor&#8217;s opinion,
all client accounts are treated equitably and fairly and that block trading will result in a more favorable overall execution.
Trades will not be combined when a client has directed transactions to a particular broker-dealer or when the Subadvisor determines
that combined orders would not be efficient or practical.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">When appropriate, the Subadvisor will allocate
such block orders at the average price obtained or according to a system that the Subadvisor considers to be fair to all clients
over time. Generally speaking, such allocations are made on the basis of proportional capital under management in the respective
client accounts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Affiliated Underwriting Transactions by the Subadvisor</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Board has approved procedures in conformity
with Rule 10f-3 under the 1940 Act whereby the Fund may purchase securities that are offered in underwritings in which an affiliate
of the Advisor or a Subadvisor participates. These procedures prohibit the Fund from directly or indirectly benefiting an Advisor
or Subadvisor affiliate in connection with such underwritings. In addition, for underwritings where an Advisor or Subadvisor affiliate
participates as a principal underwriter, certain restrictions may apply that could, among other things, limit the amount of securities
that the Fund could purchase.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Commission Recapture Program</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Board has approved the Fund&#8217;s participation
in a commission recapture program. Commission recapture is a form of institutional discount brokerage that returns commission dollars
directly to the Fund. It provides a way to gain control over the commission expenses incurred by the Subadvisor, which can be significant
over time and thereby reduces expenses, improves cash flow and conserves assets. The Fund can derive commission recapture dollars
from both equity trading commissions and fixed-income (commission equivalent) spreads. From time to time, the Board reviews whether
participation in the recapture program is in the best interests of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_010"></A>Additional Information
Concerning Taxes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following discussion of U.S. federal income
tax matters is based on the advice of K&amp;L Gates LLP, counsel to the Fund. The Fund intends to elect to be treated and to qualify
each year as a regulated investment company (&#8220;RIC&#8221;) under the Code.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">To qualify as a RIC for income tax purposes,
the Fund must derive at least 90% of its annual gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans,
gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited
to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in stock, securities and
currencies, and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. A &#8220;qualified publicly traded
partnership&#8221; is a publicly traded partnership that meets certain requirements with respect to the nature of its income. To
qualify as a RIC, the Fund must also satisfy certain requirements with respect to the diversification of its assets. The Fund must
have, at the close of each quarter of the taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets represented by cash, cash
items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities that, in respect of
any one issuer, do not represent more than 5% of the value of the assets of the Fund nor more than 10% of the voting securities
of that issuer. In addition, at those times not more than 25% of the value of the Fund&#8217;s assets can be invested in securities
(other than United States government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, or
of two or more issuers, which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades
or businesses, or of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. If the Fund fails to meet the annual gross income test
described above, the Fund will nevertheless be considered to have satisfied the test if (i) (a) such failure is due to reasonable
cause and not due to willful neglect and (b) the Fund reports the failure, and (ii) the Fund pays an excise tax equal to the excess
non-qualifying income. If the Fund fails to meet the asset diversification test described above with respect to any quarter, the
Fund will nevertheless be considered to have satisfied the requirements for such quarter if the Fund cures such failure within
6 months and either (i) such failure is <I>de minimis </I>or (ii) (a) such failure is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful
neglect and (b) the Fund reports the failure and pays an excise tax.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject
to U.S. federal income tax on its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code, but without regard to
the deductions for dividends paid) and net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss),
if any, that it distributes in each taxable year to its shareholders; provided that it distributes at least the sum of 90% of its
investment company taxable income and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income for such taxable year. The Fund intends to distribute
to its shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income, net tax-exempt interest income
and net capital gain. In order to avoid incurring a nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that
the Fund distribute (or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum
of (i) 98% of its ordinary income for such year, (ii) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized
net long-term capital gain over its realized net short-term capital loss), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period
ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards and (iii) 100% of any ordinary income
and capital gain net income from the prior year (as previously computed) that were not paid out during such year and on which the
Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC or fails
to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement for any taxable year, subject to the opportunity to cure such failures under applicable
provisions of the Code as described above, the Fund&#8217;s taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions
from earnings and profits, including distributions of net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as ordinary
income. Such distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of individual
and other noncorporate shareholders and (ii) for the dividends received deduction (&#8220;DRD&#8221;) in the case of corporate
shareholders.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition, in order to requalify for taxation
as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make certain distributions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions
paid out of the Fund&#8217;s current or accumulated earnings and profits will, except in the case of distributions of qualified
dividend income and capital gain dividends described below, be taxable as ordinary dividend income. Certain income distributions
paid by the Fund (whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional Fund shares) to individual taxpayers that are attributable to
the Fund&#8217;s qualified dividend income and capital gain are taxed at rates applicable to net long-term capital gains (maximum
rates of 20% 15%, or 0% for individuals depending on the amount of their taxable income for the year). This tax treatment applies
only if certain holding period requirements and other requirements are satisfied by the shareholder and the dividends are attributable
to qualified dividend income received by the Fund itself. For this purpose, &#8220;qualified dividend income&#8221; means dividends
received by the Fund from United States corporations and &#8220;qualified foreign corporations,&#8221; provided that the Fund satisfies
certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations. Only a small portion, if any of the
distributions from the Fund may consist of income eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. An additional 3.8% Medicare
tax will also apply in the case of some individuals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Shareholders receiving any distribution from
the Fund in the form of additional shares pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan will be treated as receiving a taxable distribution
in an amount equal to the fair market value of the shares received, determined as of the reinvestment date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Distributions of net capital gain, if any, reported
as capital gains dividends are taxable to a shareholder as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long the shareholder has
held Fund shares. A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund&#8217;s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be
treated by a shareholder as a return of capital which is applied against and reduces the shareholder&#8217;s basis in his or her
shares. To the extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the shareholder&#8217;s basis in his or her shares, the
excess will be treated by the shareholder as gain from a sale or exchange of the shares. Distributions of gains from the sale of
investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may elect to retain its net capital
gain or a portion thereof for investment and be taxed at corporate rates on the amount retained. In such case, it may designate
the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who will be treated as if each received a distribution
of his <I>pro rata </I>share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will (i) be required to report his <I>pro rata
</I>share of such gain on his tax return as long-term capital gain, (ii) receive a refundable tax credit for his <I>pro rata </I>share
of tax paid by the Fund on the gain and (iii) increase the tax basis for his shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution
less the tax credit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Selling shareholders generally will recognize
gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the shareholder&#8217;s adjusted tax basis in the shares sold and the
sale proceeds. If the shares are held as a capital asset, the gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss. The current maximum
tax rate applicable to net capital gains recognized by individuals and other non-corporate taxpayers is (i) the same as the maximum
ordinary income tax rate for gains recognized on the sale of capital assets held for one year or less, or (ii) for gains recognized
on the sale of capital assets held for more than one year (as well as certain capital gain distributions) (20%, 15%, or 0% for
individuals depending on the amount of their taxable income for the year). An additional 3.8% Medicare tax will also apply in the
case of some individuals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange
of Fund shares with a holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital
gain distributions received (or amounts designated as undistributed capital gains) with respect to such shares. In addition, all
or a portion of a loss realized on a sale or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under &#8220;wash sale&#8221; rules
to the extent the shareholder acquires other shares of the Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise)
within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the date of disposition of the Common Shares. Any
disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholder&#8217;s tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares
cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a sale of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase
to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of shares of the Fund (or of another fund), during
the period beginning on the date of such sale and ending on January 31 of the calendar year following the calendar year in which
such sale was made, pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to
the shareholder&#8217;s tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">For federal income tax purposes, the
Fund is generally permitted to carry forward a net capital loss incurred in any taxable year beginning on or after December 23,
2010, for an unlimited period to offset net capital gains, if any, during its taxable years following the year of the loss. The
carryforward of capital losses realized in taxable years beginning prior to December 23, 2010, however, is limited to an eight-year
period following the year of realization. Further, capital losses carried forward from taxable years beginning on or after December
23, 2010 will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses, rather than being considered all short-term
as under previous law. The Fund must use losses that do not expire before it uses losses that do expire, and the Fund&#8217;s ability
to utilize capital losses in a given year or in total may be limited. To the extent subsequent net capital gains are offset by
such losses, they would not result in federal income tax liability to the Fund and would not be distributed as such to shareholders.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For federal tax income tax purposes, as of October
31, 2018, the Fund has a capital loss carryforward of $14,374,463 available to offset future net realized capital gains. The loss
carryforward expires as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 17%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Fund</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 17%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; background-color: white; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Short-term Losses (subject to expiration)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Expiration Date</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Short-term Losses (no expiration date)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Long-term Losses (no expiration date)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">John Hancock Investors Trust</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$2,044,097</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">10/31/19</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$2,191,776</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$10,138,590</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$14,374,463</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Certain net investment income received by an
individual having adjusted gross income in excess of $200,000 (or $250,000 for married individuals filing jointly) will be subject
to a tax of 3.8%. Undistributed net investment income of trusts and estates in excess of a specified amount will also be subject
to this tax. Dividends and capital gains distributed by the Fund, and gain realized on redemption of Fund shares, will constitute
investment income of the type subject to this tax.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Only a small portion, if any, of the distributions
from the Fund may qualify for the dividends-received deduction for corporations, subject to the limitations applicable under the
Code. The qualifying portion is limited to properly designated distributions attributed to dividend income (if any) the Fund receives
from certain stock in U.S. domestic corporations and the deduction is subject to holding period requirements and debt-financing
limitations under the Code.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the Fund should have dividend income that
qualifies for the reduced tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income, the maximum amount allowable will be designated by
the Fund. This amount will be reflected on Form 1099-DIV for the current calendar year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Dividends and distributions on the Fund&#8217;s
shares generally are subject to U.S. federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund&#8217;s realized
income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder&#8217;s
investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Fund&#8217;s net asset value
reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed
even when the Fund&#8217;s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses. Certain distributions declared in October, November
or December to shareholders of record of such month and paid in the following January will be taxed to shareholders as if received
on December 31 of the year in which they were declared. In addition, certain other distributions made after the close of a taxable
year of the Fund may be &#8220;spilled back&#8221; and treated as paid by the Fund (except for purposes of the non-deductible 4%
U.S. federal excise tax) during such taxable year. In such case, shareholders will be treated as having received such dividends
in the taxable year in which the distributions were actually made.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund will inform shareholders of the source
and tax status of all distributions promptly after the close of each calendar year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Legislation passed by Congress in 2008 requires
the Fund (or its administrative agent) to report to the IRS and furnish to shareholders the cost basis information and holding
period for the Fund&#8217;s shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, and repurchased by the Fund on or after that date. The
Fund will permit shareholders to elect from among several permitted cost basis methods. In the absence of an election, the Fund
will use a default cost basis method. The</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">cost basis method a shareholder elects may not
be changed with respect to a repurchase of shares after the settlement date of the repurchase. Shareholders should consult with
their tax advisors to determine the best permitted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about
how the new cost basis reporting rules apply to them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The benefits of the reduced tax rates applicable
to long-term capital gains and qualified dividend income may be impacted by the application of the alternative minimum tax to individual
shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Special tax rules apply to investments through
defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor to determine the suitability
of shares of the Fund as an investment through such plans.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in debt obligations that
are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated, including debt obligations of issuers not currently paying interest or who
are in default. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax
rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market
discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations
in default should be allocated between principal and income, and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a workout context are
taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund if it acquires such obligations in order to reduce the risk of distributing
insufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and to seek to avoid becoming subject to federal income
or excise tax.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is required to accrue income on any
debt securities that have more than a <I>de minimis </I>amount of original issue discount (or debt securities acquired at a market
discount, if the Fund elects to include market discount in income currently) prior to the receipt of the corresponding cash payments.
The mark to market or constructive sale rules applicable to certain options, futures, forwards, short sales or other transactions
also may require the Fund to recognize income or gain without a concurrent receipt of cash. Additionally, some countries restrict
repatriation, which may make it difficult or impossible for the Fund to obtain cash corresponding to its earnings or assets in
those countries. However, the Fund must distribute to shareholders for each taxable year substantially all of its net income and
net capital gains, including such income or gain, to qualify as a regulated investment company and avoid liability for any federal
income or excise tax. Therefore, the Fund may have to dispose of its portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances to
generate cash, or borrow cash, to satisfy these distribution requirements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from
a constructive sale of certain &#8220;appreciated financial positions&#8221; if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional
principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property.
Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts
and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed
out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated
securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Gain or loss from a short sale of property generally
is considered as capital gain or loss to the extent the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the
Fund&#8217;s hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding
period on the date the short sale is entered into, gains on short sales generally are short-term capital gains. A loss on a short
sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, &#8220;substantially identical property&#8221;
has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In addition, entering into a short sale may result in suspension of the holding
period of &#8220;substantially identical property&#8221; held by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Gain or loss on a short sale generally will
not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales,
if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property
that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it
acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated
financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical
property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on
the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to
these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s transactions in futures contracts
and options will be subject to special provisions of the Code that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses
realized by the Fund (<I>i.e.</I>, may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital, or short-term or long-term), may
accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and may defer Fund losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the character, amount
and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions also (a) will require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of
the positions in its portfolio (<I>i.e.</I>, treat them as if they were closed out), and (b) may cause the Fund to recognize income
without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement for qualifying
to be taxed as a RIC and the distribution requirement for avoiding excise taxes. The Fund will monitor its transactions, will make
the appropriate tax elections and will make the appropriate entries in its books and records when it acquires any futures contract,
option or hedged investment in order to mitigate the effect of these rules and prevent disqualification of the Fund from being
taxed as a RIC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For the Fund&#8217;s options and futures contracts
that qualify as &#8220;section 1256 contracts,&#8221; Code Section 1256 generally will require any gain or loss arising from the
lapse, closing out or exercise of such positions to be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. In addition,
the Fund generally will be required to &#8220;mark to market&#8221; (<I>i.e.</I>, treat as sold for fair market value) each outstanding
&#8220;section 1256 contract&#8221; position at the close of each taxable year (and on October 31 of each year for excise tax purposes).
If a &#8220;section 1256 contract&#8221; held by the Fund at the end of a taxable year is sold in the following year, the amount
of any gain or loss realized on such sale will be adjusted to reflect the gain or loss previously taken into account under the
&#8220;mark to market&#8221; rules. The Fund&#8217;s options that do not qualify as &#8220;section 1256 contracts&#8221; under
the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written
option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction,
the difference between the premium received for writing the option, and the amount paid to close out its position generally is
short-term capital gain or loss. If a call option written by the Fund that is not a &#8220;section 1256 contract&#8221; is cash
settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Code contains special rules that apply to
&#8220;straddles,&#8221; defined generally as the holding of &#8220;offsetting positions with respect to personal property.&#8221;
For example, the straddle rules normally apply when a taxpayer holds stock and an offsetting option with respect to such stock
or substantially identical stock or securities. In general, investment positions will be offsetting if there is a substantial diminution
in the risk of loss from holding one position by reason of holding one or more other positions. If two or more positions constitute
a straddle, recognition of a realized loss from one position generally must be deferred to the extent of unrecognized gain in an
offsetting position. In addition, long-term capital gain may be recharacterized as short-term capital gain, or short-term capital
loss as long-term capital loss. Interest and other carrying charges allocable to personal property that is part of a straddle are
not currently deductible but must instead be capitalized. Similarly, &#8220;wash sale&#8221; rules apply to prevent the recognition
of loss by the Fund from the disposition of stock or securities at a loss in a case in which identical or substantially identical
stock or securities (or an option to acquire such property) is or has been acquired within a prescribed period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Code allows a taxpayer to elect to offset
gain and loss from positions that are part of a &#8220;mixed straddle.&#8221; A &#8220;mixed straddle&#8221; is any straddle in
which one or more but not all positions are &#8220;section 1256 contracts.&#8221; The Fund may be eligible to elect to establish
one or more mixed straddle accounts for certain of its mixed straddle trading positions. The mixed straddle account rules require
a daily &#8220;marking to market&#8221; of all open positions in the account and a daily netting of gain and loss from all positions
in the account. At the end of a taxable year, the annual net gain or loss from the mixed straddle account are recognized for tax
purposes. The net capital gain or loss is treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss if attributable to the
&#8220;section 1256 contract&#8221; positions, or all short-term capital gain or loss if attributable to the non-section 1256 contract
positions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Further, certain of the Fund&#8217;s investment
practices are subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) convert dividends
that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income into short-term capital gain or ordinary income taxed at the higher rate
applicable to ordinary income, (ii) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction
as ineligible for such treatment, (iii) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (iv)
convert long-term capital gain into short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (v) convert an ordinary loss or deduction into
a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (vi) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a corresponding
receipt of cash, (vii) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (viii)
adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions, and (ix) produce</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">income that will not qualify as good income
for purposes of the 90% annual gross income requirement described above. While it may not always be successful in doing so, the
Fund will seek to avoid or minimize any adverse tax consequences of its investment practices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Dividends and interest received, and gains realized,
by the Fund on non-U.S. securities may be subject to income, withholding or other taxes imposed by foreign countries and United
States possessions (collectively &#8220;foreign taxes&#8221;) that would reduce the return on its securities. Tax conventions between
certain countries and the United States, however, may reduce or eliminate foreign taxes, and many foreign countries do not impose
taxes on capital gains in respect of investments by U.S. investors. Depending on the number of non-U.S. shareholders in the Fund,
however, such reduced foreign withholding tax rates may not be available for investments in certain jurisdictions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may invest in the stock of &#8220;passive
foreign investment companies&#8221; (&#8220;PFICs&#8221;). A PFIC is any foreign corporation (with certain exceptions) that, in
general, meets either of the following tests: (1) at least 75% of its gross income is passive or (2) an average of at least 50%
of its assets produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. Under certain circumstances, the Fund will be subject
to U.S. federal income tax on a portion of any &#8220;excess distribution&#8221; received on the stock of a PFIC or of any gain
from disposition of that stock (collectively &#8220;PFIC income&#8221;), plus interest thereon, even if the Fund distributes the
PFIC income as a taxable dividend to its shareholders. The balance of the PFIC income will be included in the Fund&#8217;s investment
company taxable income and, accordingly, will not be taxable to it to the extent it distributes that income to its shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the Fund invests in a PFIC and elects to
treat the PFIC as a &#8220;qualified electing fund&#8221; (&#8220;QEF&#8221;), then in lieu of the foregoing tax and interest obligation,
the Fund will be required to include in income each year its pro rata share of the QEF&#8217;s annual ordinary earnings and net
capital gain&#8212;which it may have to distribute to satisfy the distribution requirement and avoid imposition of the excise tax&#8212;even
if the QEF does not distribute those earnings and gain to the Fund. In most instances it will be very difficult, if not impossible,
to make this election because of certain of its requirements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund may elect to &#8220;mark-to-market&#8221;
its stock in any PFIC. &#8220;Marking-to-market,&#8221; in this context, means including in ordinary income each taxable year the
excess, if any, of the fair market value of a PFIC&#8217;s stock over the Fund&#8217;s adjusted basis therein as of the end of
that year. Pursuant to the election, the Fund also would be allowed to deduct (as an ordinary, not capital, loss) the excess, if
any, of its adjusted basis in PFIC stock over the fair market value thereof as of the taxable year-end, but only to the extent
of any net mark-to-market gains (reduced by any prior deductions) with respect to that stock included by the Fund for prior taxable
years under the election. The Fund&#8217;s adjusted basis in each PFIC&#8217;s stock with respect to which it has made this election
will be adjusted to reflect the amounts of income included and deductions taken thereunder. The reduced rates for &#8220;qualified
dividend income&#8221; are not applicable to (i) dividends paid by a foreign corporation that is a PFIC, (ii) income inclusions
from a QEF election with respect to a PFIC, and (iii) ordinary income from a &#8220;mark-to-market&#8221; election with respect
to a PFIC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses
attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities
denominated in a non-U.S. currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or receivables or pays such liabilities
generally are treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains or losses on non-U.S. currency forward contracts and the disposition
of debt securities denominated in a non-U.S. currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rate between the
acquisition and disposition dates, also are treated as ordinary income or loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition
of the Fund&#8217;s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder,
the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in
many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Future
guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and
certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (&#8220;TIN&#8221;)
and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information
from the IRS or a broker may be subject to &#8220;backup&#8221; withholding of U.S. federal income tax arising from the Fund&#8217;s
taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the gross proceeds of sales of shares, at a rate of 24%. An individual&#8217;s
TIN generally is his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the
backup withholding rules from payments made to a shareholder may be refunded or credited against such shareholder&#8217;s U.S.
federal income tax liability, if any; provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Distributions will not be subject to backup
withholding to the extent they are subject to the withholding tax on foreign persons described in the next paragraph.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Dividend distributions are in general subject
to a U.S. withholding tax of 30% when paid to a nonresident alien individual, foreign estate or trust, a foreign corporation, or
a foreign partnership (&#8220;foreign shareholder&#8221;). Persons who are resident in a country, such as the U.K., that has an
income tax treaty with the U.S. may be eligible for a reduced withholding rate (upon filing of appropriate forms), and are urged
to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability and effect of such a treaty. Distributions of capital gain dividends
paid by the Fund to a foreign shareholder, and any gain realized upon the sale of Fund shares by such a shareholder, will ordinarily
not be subject to U.S. taxation, unless the recipient or seller is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United
States for more than 182 days during the taxable year. Such distributions and sale proceeds may be subject, however, to backup
withholding, unless the foreign investor certifies his non-U.S. residency status. Also, foreign shareholders with respect to whom
income from the Fund is &#8220;effectively connected&#8221; with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such shareholder will in
general be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income derived from the Fund at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens,
residents or domestic corporations, whether such income is received in cash or reinvested in shares, and, in the case of a foreign
corporation, also may be subject to a branch profits tax. Properly-designated dividends are generally exempt from U.S. federal
withholding tax where they are (i) &#8220;interest-related dividends&#8221; paid in respect of the Fund&#8217;s &#8220;qualified
net interest income&#8221; (generally, the Fund&#8217;s U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and
interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses
that are allocable to such income) or (ii) &#8220;short-term capital gain dividends&#8221; paid in respect of the Fund&#8217;s
&#8220;qualified short-term gains&#8221; (generally, the excess of the Fund&#8217;s net short-term capital gain over the Fund&#8217;s
long-term capital loss for such taxable year). Depending on its circumstances, the Fund may designate all, some or none of its
potentially eligible dividends as such interest-related dividends or as short-term capital gain dividends and/or treat such dividends,
in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. The Fund&#8217;s capital gain distributions are also exempt
from such withholding. Foreign shareholders who are residents in a country with an income tax treaty with the United States may
obtain different tax results, and are urged to consult their tax advisors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, enacted
on March 18, 2010, will impose a 30% U.S. withholding tax on certain U.S. source payments, including interest (even if the interest
is otherwise exempt from the withholding rules described above), dividends, other fixed or determinable annual or periodical gain,
profits, and income (&#8220;Withholdable Payments&#8221;), if paid to a foreign financial institution, unless such institution
registers with the IRS and enters into an agreement with the IRS or a governmental authority in its own jurisdiction to collect
and provide substantial information regarding U.S. account holders, including certain account holders that are foreign entities
with U.S. owners, with such institution. The legislation also generally imposes a withholding tax of 30% on Withholdable Payments
made to a non-financial foreign entity unless such entity provides the withholding agent with a certification that it does not
have any substantial U.S. owners or a certification identifying the direct and indirect substantial U.S. owners of the entity.
These withholding and reporting requirements generally apply to income payments made after June 30, 2014. A withholding tax that
would apply to the gross proceeds from the disposition of certain investment property and that was scheduled to go into effect
in 2019 would be eliminated by recently issued proposed regulations. Holders are urged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding
the possible implications of this recently enacted legislation on their investment in the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The foregoing briefly summarizes some of the
important U.S. federal income tax consequences to Common Shareholders of investing in Common Shares, reflects U.S. federal tax
law as of the date of this SAI, and does not address special tax rules applicable to certain types of investors, such as corporate
and non-U.S. investors. Unless otherwise noted, this discussion assumes that an investor is a United States person and holds Common
Shares as a capital asset. This discussion is based upon present provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder,
and judicial and administrative ruling authorities, all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations by the courts
or the IRS retroactively or prospectively. Investors should consult their tax advisors regarding other U.S. federal, state or local
tax considerations that may be applicable to their particular circumstances, as well as any proposed tax law changes.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_011"></A>Other Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund is an organization of the type commonly
known as a &#8220;Massachusetts business trust.&#8221; Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of such a trust may, in certain circumstances,
be held personally liable as partners for the obligations of the trust. The Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer
of shareholder liability in connection with Fund property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the Fund. The Declaration of Trust
also provides for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable for the claims and liabilities
to which a shareholder may become subject by sole reason of being or having been a shareholder. Thus, the risk of a shareholder
incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Fund itself is unable to
meet its obligations. The Fund has been advised by its counsel that the risk of any shareholder incurring any liability for the
obligations of the Fund is remote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Declaration of Trust provides that the Trustees
will not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law; but nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee
against any liability to the Fund or its shareholders to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. Voting rights are
not cumulative with respect to the election of Trustees, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for
the election of Trustees can elect 100% of the Trustees and, in such event, the holders of the remaining less than 50% of the shares
voting on the matter will not be able to elect any Trustees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Effective January 22, 2016, the Board of Trustees
of the Fund amended and restated in its entirety the Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws for the Fund. The amendments to the Declaration
of Trust include, among other changes, provisions that: (i) clarify certain duties, responsibilities, and powers of the Trustees;
and (ii) clarify that shareholders are not intended to be third-party beneficiaries of Fund contracts. The amendments to the By-Laws
include, among other changes, provisions that: (i) clarify that, other than as provided under federal securities laws, the shareholders
may only bring actions involving the Fund derivatively; and (ii) provide that any action brought by a shareholder related to the
Fund will be brought in Massachusetts state or federal court, and that, if a claim is brought in a different jurisdiction and subsequently
changed to a Massachusetts venue, the shareholder will be required to reimburse the Fund for such expenses. The foregoing description
of the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws are qualified in their entirety by the full text of the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws,
each effective as of January 22, 2016, which is available by writing to the Secretary of the Fund at 200 Berkeley Street, Boston,
Massachusetts 02116, and are available on the SEC&#8217;s website. The Declaration of Trust also is available on the Secretary
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts&#8217; website.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_012"></A>Custodian and Transfer
Agent</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities are held
pursuant to a custodian agreement between the Fund and State Street Bank and Trust Company (&#8220;State Street&#8221;), State
Street Financial Center, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111. Under the custodian agreement, State Street performs
custody, foreign custody manager and fund accounting services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Computershare, Inc., 250 Royall Street, Canton,
Massachusetts 02021 is the transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent of the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_013"></A>Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The financial statements of the Fund for the
fiscal year ended October 31, 2018, including the related financial highlights that appear in the Prospectus have been audited
by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (&#8220;PwC&#8221;), independent registered public accounting firm, as indicated in their report
with respect thereto, and are incorporated herein by reference.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">PwC is the independent registered public accounting
firm for the Fund, providing audit services, tax return preparation, and assistance and consultation with respect to the preparation
of filings with the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_014"></A>Reports to Shareholders</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The financial statements of the Fund for the
fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 are incorporated herein by reference from the Fund&#8217;s most recent Annual Report to Shareholders
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) on Form N-CSR pursuant to Rule 30b2-1 under the 1940
Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_015"></A>Legal and Regulatory
Matters</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">There are no legal proceedings to which the
Fund, the Advisor, or any of its affiliates is a party that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Fund, or the ability
of the Advisor to perform its contract with the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_016"></A>Codes of Ethics</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund, the Advisor, the Subadvisor and John
Hancock Funds, LLC each have adopted Codes of Ethics that comply with Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. Each Code of Ethics permits
personnel subject to that Code of Ethics to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">These Codes of Ethics can be reviewed and copied
at the SEC&#8217;s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room may
be obtained by calling the SEC at 202-942-8090. These Codes of Ethics also are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC&#8217;s
website at sec.gov. Copies of these Codes of Ethics may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the
following e-mail address: public info@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC&#8217;s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520.</P>

<P STYLE="font: small-caps bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 0 3pt; text-align: center"><A NAME="sai_017"></A>Additional Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s Prospectus, any related Prospectus
Supplements, and this SAI do not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement that the Fund has filed
with the SEC. The complete Registration Statement may be obtained from the SEC upon payment of the fee prescribed by its Rules
and Regulations.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Investors Trust</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Statement of Additional Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>March 1, 2019</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Investment Advisor</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">John Hancock Advisers, LLC</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">200 Berkeley Street</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Boston, Massachusetts 02116</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">1-800-225-6020</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Subadvisor</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">John Hancock Asset Management</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">a division of Manulife Asset Management (US)
LLC</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">200 Berkeley Street</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Boston, Massachusetts 02116</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Custodian</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">State Street Bank and Trust Company</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">State Street Financial Center</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">One Lincoln Street</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Boston, Massachusetts 02111</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Transfer Agent</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Computershare, Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">250 Royall Street</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Canton, Massachusetts 02021</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">101 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Boston, Massachusetts 02210</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="sai_018"></A>APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF BOND RATINGS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><B>DESCRIPTIONS OF CREDIT RATING SYMBOLS
AND DEFINITIONS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The ratings of Moody&#8217;s Investors
Service, Inc. (&#8220;Moody&#8217;s&#8221;), Standard &amp; Poor&#8217;s Ratings Services (&#8220;S&amp;P Global Ratings&#8221;)
and Fitch Ratings (&#8220;Fitch&#8221;) represent their respective opinions as of the date they are expressed and not statements
of fact as to the quality of various long-term and short-term debt instruments they undertake to rate. It should be emphasized
that ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, debt instruments with the same maturity, coupon
and rating may have different yields while debt instruments of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the
same yield.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">Ratings do not constitute recommendations
to buy, sell, or hold any security, nor do they comment on the adequacy of market price, the suitability of any security for a
particular investor, or the tax-exempt nature or taxability of any payments of any security.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><B>I.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>IN GENERAL</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>A.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Moody&rsquo;s.</B> Ratings assigned on Moody&rsquo;s global long-term and short-term rating
scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial
institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Note that the content of this
Appendix A, to the extent that it relates to the ratings determined by Moody&rsquo;s, is derived directly from Moody&rsquo;s electronic
publication of &ldquo;Ratings Symbols and Definitions&rdquo; which is available at: https://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?
docid=PBC_79004.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>B.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>S&amp;P Global Ratings. </B>An S&amp;P Global Ratings issue credit rating is a forward-looking
opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial
obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It
takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and
takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects S&amp;P Global Ratings&rsquo; view
of the obligor&rsquo;s capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and this opinion may assess
terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Issue ratings are an assessment
of default risk,but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations
are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.9pt 0 36pt"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.9pt 12pt 36pt">Note that the content of this Appendix A, to the
extent that it relates to the ratings determined by S&amp;P Global Ratings, is derived directly from S&amp;P electronic publication
of &ldquo;S&amp;P&rdquo; Global Ratings Definitions&rdquo; which is available at <U>https://www.standardandpoors.com/en_US/web/guest/article/-/view/sourceId/504352</U>.</P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>C.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Fitch</B>. Fitch&rsquo;s opinions are forward looking and include Fitch&rsquo;s views of future
performance. In many cases, these views on future performance may include forecasts, which may in turn (i) be informed by non-disclosable
management projections, (ii) be based on a trend (sector or wider economic cycle) at a certain stage in the cycle, or (iii) be
based on historical performance. As a result, while ratings may include cyclical considerations and attempt to assess the likelihood
of repayment at &ldquo;ultimate/final maturity&rdquo;, material changes in economic conditions and expectations (for a particular
issuer) may result in a rating change.</TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 30pt; text-align: justify">The terms &#8220;investment grade&#8221;
and &#8220;speculative grade&#8221; have established themselves over time as shorthand to describe the categories &#8216;AAA&#8217;
to &#8216;BBB&#8217; (investment grade) and &#8216;BB&#8217; to &#8216;D&#8217; (speculative grade). The terms &#8220;investment
grade&#8221; and &#8220;speculative grade&#8221; are market conventions and do not imply any recommendation or endorsement of a
specific security for investment purposes. &#8220;Investment grade&#8221; categories indicate</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 30pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 30pt; text-align: justify">relatively low to moderate credit
risk, while ratings in the &#8220;speculative&#8221; categories either signal a higher level of credit risk or that a default has
already occurred. For the convenience of investors, Fitch may also include issues relating to a rated issuer that are not and have
not been on its web page. Such issues are also denoted at &#8220;NR&#8221;.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 30pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 30pt; text-align: justify">Note that the content of this Appendix
A, to the extent that it relates to the ratings determined by Fitch, is derived directly from Fitch&#8217;s electronic publication
of &#8220;Definitions of Ratings and Other Forms of Opinion&#8221; which is available at https://www.fitchratings.com/web_content/ratings/fitch_ratings_definitions_and_
scales.pdf.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><B>GENERAL PURPOSE RATINGS </B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>II.</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>LONG-TERM ISSUE
RATINGS</U></B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>A.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>MOODY&rsquo;S GLOBAL LONG-TERM RATING SCALE</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">Long-term ratings are assigned to
issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default or impairment
on contractual financial obligations and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default or impairment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Aaa:</B> Obligations rated Aaa
are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Aa:</B> Obligations rated Aa
are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>A:</B> Obligations rated A are
considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Baa:</B> Obligations rated Baa
are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Ba:</B> Obligations rated Ba
are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>B:</B> Obligations rated B are
considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Caa:</B> Obligations rated Caa
are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Ca:</B> Obligations rated Ca
are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>C:</B> Obligations rated C are
the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Note: Addition of a Modifier
1, 2 or 3: </B>Moody&#8217;s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2 and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa.
The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a
mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category. Additionally, a &#8220;(hyb)&#8221;
indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms. By
their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled divisions, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially
result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of
principal that could result in impairment. Together with the hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to a hybrid
security is an expression of the relative credit risk associated with that security.</P>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>B.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>S&amp;P LONG-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>AAA:</B> An obligation rated
&#8216;AAA&#8217; has the highest rating assigned by S&amp;P Global Ratings. The obligor&#8217;s capacity to meet its financial
commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>AA:</B> An obligation rated &#8216;AA&#8217;
differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor&#8217;s capacity to meet its financial commitment
on the obligation is very strong.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>A:</B> An obligation rated &#8216;A&#8217;
is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated
categories. However, the obligor&#8217;s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>BBB:</B> An obligation rated
&#8216;BBB&#8217; exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more
likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>BB, B, CCC, CC and C:</B> Obligations
rated &#8216;BB&#8217;, &#8216;B&#8217;, &#8216;CCC&#8217; &#8216;CC&#8217; and &#8216;C&#8217; are regarded as having significant
speculative characteristics. &#8216;BB&#8217; indicates the least degree of speculation and &#8216;C&#8217; the highest. While
such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or
major exposures to adverse conditions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>BB</B>: An obligation rated &#8216;BB&#8217;
is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse
business, financial, or economic conditions, which could lead to the obligor&#8217;s inadequate capacity to meet its financial
commitment on the obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>B:</B> An obligation rated &#8216;B&#8217;
is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated &#8216;BB&#8217;, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its
financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor&#8217;s
capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>CCC:</B> An obligation rated
&#8216;CCC&#8217; is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions
for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or economic conditions,
the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">An obligation rated &#8216;CC&#8217;
is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The &#8216;CC&#8217; rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but S&amp;P
Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>C:</B> An obligation rated &#8216;C&#8217;
is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate
recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>D:</B> An obligation rated &#8216;D&#8217;
is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the &#8216;D&#8217; rating category is used
when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&amp;P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be
made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar
days. The &#8216;D&#8217; rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or taking of a similar action and where
default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation&#8217;s rating is
lowered to &#8216;D&#8217; if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Note: Addition of a Plus (+)
or minus (-) sign: </B>The ratings from &#8216;AA&#8217; to &#8216;CCC&#8217; may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or
minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Dual Ratings &#8211; </B>Dual
ratings may be assigned to debt issues that have a put option or demand feature. The first component of the rating addresses the
likelihood of repayment of principal and interest as due, and the second component of the rating addresses only the demand feature.
The first component of the rating can</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">relate to either a short-term or
long-term transaction and accordingly use either short-term or long-term rating symbols. The second component of the rating relates
to the put option and is assigned a short-term rating symbol (for example, &#8216;AAA/A-1+&#8217; or &#8216;A-1+/A-1&#8217;). With
U. S. municipal short-term demand debt, the U.S. municipal short-term note rating symbols are used for the first component of the
rating(for example, &#8216;SP-1+/A-1+&#8217;).</P>



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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>C.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>FITCH CORPORATE FINANCE OBLIGATIONS &ndash; LONG-TERM RATING SCALES</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Ratings of individual securities
or financial obligations of a corporate issuer address relative vulnerability to default on an ordinal scale. In addition, for
financial obligations in corporate finance, a measure of recovery given default on that liability is also included in the rating
assessment. This notably applies to covered bond ratings, which incorporate both an indication of the probability of default and
of the recovery given a default of this debt instrument.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>AAA: Highest credit quality</B>.
&#8216;AAA&#8217; ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong
capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>AA: Very high credit quality</B>.
&#8216;AA&#8217; ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial
commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>A: High credit quality</B>. &#8216;A&#8217;
ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity
may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>BBB: Good credit quality</B>.
&#8216;BBB&#8217; ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments
is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>BB: Speculative</B>. &#8216;BB&#8217;
ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic
conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>B: Highly speculative</B>. &#8216;B&#8217;
ratings indicate that material credit risk is present.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>CCC</B>: <B>Substantial credit
risk</B>. &#8220;CCC&#8221; ratings indicate that substantial credit risk is present.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>CC: Very high levels of credit
risk</B>. &#8220;CC&#8221; ratings indicate very high levels of credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>C: Exceptionally high levels
of credit risk</B>. &#8220;C&#8221; indicates exceptionally high levels of credit risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Corporate finance defaulted obligations
typically are not assigned &#8216;RD&#8217; or &#8216;D&#8217; ratings, but are instead rated in the &#8216;CCC to &#8220;C&#8221;
rating categories, depending on their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. This approach better aligns obligations
that have comparable overall expected loss but varying vulnerability to default and loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Note: Addition of a Plus (+) or minus (-) sign: </B>Within
rating categories, Fitch may use modifiers. The modifiers &quot;+&quot; or &quot;-&quot; may be appended to a rating to denote
relative status within major rating categories. For example, the rating category &#8216;AA&#8217; has three notch-specific rating
levels (&#8216;AA+&#8217;; &#8216;AA&#8217;; &#8216;AA&#8211;&#8217;; each a rating level). Such suffixes are not added to &#8216;AAA&#8217;
ratings and ratings below the &#8216;CCC&#8217; category. For the short-term rating category of &#8216;F1&#8217;, a &#8216;+&#8217;
may be appended. For Viability Ratings, the modifiers &#8216;+&#8217; or &#8216;-&#8217; may be appended to a rating to denote
relative status within categories from &#8216;aa&#8217; to &#8216;ccc&#8217;.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><B>CORPORATE AND TAX-EXEMPT COMMERCIAL
PAPER RATINGS</B></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>III.</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>SHORT-TERM ISSUE
RATINGS</U></B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>A.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>MOODY&rsquo;S GLOBAL SHORT-TERM RATING SCALE</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt">Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an
original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect both the likelihood of a default or impairment on contractual financial
obligations and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default or impairment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Moody&#8217;s employs the following
designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>P-1:</B> Issuers (or supporting
institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>P-2:</B> Issuers (or supporting
institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>P-3:</B> Issuers (or supporting
institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>NP:</B> Issuers (or supporting
institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">The following table indicates the
long-term ratings consistent with different short-term ratings when such long-term ratings exist. (Note: Structured finance short-term
ratings are usually based either on the short-term rating of a support provider or on an assessment of cash flows available to
retire the financial obligation).</P>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 36pt"><IMG SRC="s002.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>B.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>S&amp;P&rsquo;S SHORT-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 30pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">S&amp;P Global Ratings&#8217; short-term
ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. Short-term ratings are also used
to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. Medium term notes are assigned
long-term ratings. Ratings</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">are graded into several categories,
ranging from &#8216;A&#8217; for the highest-quality obligations to &#8216;D&#8217; for the lowest. These categories are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>A-1:</B> A short-term obligation
rated &#8216;A-1&#8217; is rated in the highest category by S&amp;P Global Ratings. The obligor&#8217;s capacity to meet its financial
commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates
that the obligor&#8217;s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>A-2:</B> A short-term obligation
rated &#8216;A-2&#8217; is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions
than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor&#8217;s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation
is satisfactory.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>A-3:</B> A short-term obligation
rated &#8216;A-3&#8217; exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances
are more likely to weaken an obligor&#8217;s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>B:</B> A short-term obligation
rated &#8216;B&#8217; is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the
capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor&#8217;s
inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>C:</B> A short-term obligation
rated &#8216;C&#8217; is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions
for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>D:</B> A short-term obligation
rated &#8216;D&#8217; is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the &#8216;D&#8217;
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&amp;P Global Ratings believes that
such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will
be treated as five business days. The &#8216;D&#8217; rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the
taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions.
An obligation&#8217;s rating is lowered to &#8216;D&#8217; if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>Dual Ratings &#45; </B>Dual ratings
may be assigned to debt issues that have a put option or demand feature. The first component of the rating addresses the likelihood
of repayment of principal and interest as due, and the second component of the rating addresses only the demand feature. The first
component of the rating can relate to either a short-term or long-term transaction and accordingly use either short-term or long-term
rating symbols. The second component of the rating relates to the put option and is assigned a short-term rating symbol (for example,
&#8216;AAA/A-1+&#8217; or &#8216;A-1+/A-1&#8217;). With U. S. municipal short-term demand debt, the U.S. municipal short-term note
rating symbols are used for the first component of the rating (for example, &#8216;SP-1+/A-1+&#8217;).</P>


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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>C.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>FITCH&rsquo;S SHORT-TERM ISSUER OR OBLIGATION RATINGS</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">A short-term issuer or obligation
rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the
capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-term deposit
ratings may be adjusted for loss severity. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as &#8220;short
term&#8221; based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations,
and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>F1:</B> Highest short-term credit
quality.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Indicates the strongest intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added (&#8220;+&#8221;) to denote any exceptionally strong credit
feature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>F2:</B> Good short-term credit quality.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Good intrinsic capacity for timely
payment of financial commitments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>F3:</B> Fair short-term credit quality.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">The intrinsic capacity for timely
payment of financial commitments is adequate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>B: </B>Speculative short-term credit
quality.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Minimal capacity for timely payment
of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>C: </B>High short-term default risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Default is a real possibility.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>RD: </B>Restricted default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">Indicates an entity that has defaulted
on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to
entity ratings only.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>D: </B>Default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Indicates a broad-based default
event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IV.</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>TAX-EXEMPT NOTE
RATINGS</U></B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>A.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>MOODY&rsquo;S U.S. MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM DEBT RATINGS</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">While the global short-term &#8216;prime&#8217;
rating scale is applied to US municipal tax-exempt commercial paper, these programs are typically backed by external letters of
credit or liquidity facilities and their short-term prime ratings usually map to the long-term rating of the enhancing bank or
financial institution and not to the municipality&#8217;s rating. Other short-term municipal obligations, which generally have
different funding sources for repayment, are rated using an additional short-term rating scale (i.e., the MIG scale discussed below).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">The Municipal Investment Grade (MIG)
scale is used to rate US municipal bond anticipation notes of up to five years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale
may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire
at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuer&#8217;s long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating.
MIG ratings are divided into three levels&#8212;MIG 1 through MIG 3&#8212;while speculative grade short-term obligations are designated
SG.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>MIG 1: </B>This designation denotes
superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated
broad-based access to the market for refinancing.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>MIG 2: </B>This designation denotes
strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>MIG 3: </B>This designation denotes
acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be
less well-established.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>SG: </B>This designation denotes
speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.</P>


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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>B.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>S&amp;P&rsquo;S MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM NOTE RATINGS</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">An S&amp;P Global Ratings U.S. municipal
note rating reflects S&amp;P Global Ratings&#8217; opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes.
Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will
most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, S&amp;P Global Ratings&#8217;
analysis will review the following considerations:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization schedule
&#8211; the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as note; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Source of payment &#8211;
the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify">Note rating symbols are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>SP-1: </B>Strong capacity to
pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>SP-2: </B>Satisfactory capacity
to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><B>SP-3: </B>Speculative capacity
to pay principal and interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify"><B>D:</B> 'D' is assigned
upon failure to pay the note when due, completion of a distressed exchange offer, or the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the
taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 36pt; text-align: justify"> </P>



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<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><B>C.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B><U>FITCH PUBLIC FINANCE RATINGS</U></B></TD></TR></TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">See FITCH SHORT-TERM ISSUER OR OBLIGATIONS RATINGS
above.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><A NAME="sai_019"></A><B>APPENDIX B</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PROXY VOTING POLICIES OF THE ADVISOR, THE
JOHN HANCOCK FUNDS AND THE SUBADVISOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>JOHN HANCOCK ADVISERS, LLC</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>General</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The Advisers are registered investment advisers under Advisers Act
        and serve as the investment advisers to the Funds. The Advisers generally retain one or more sub-advisers to manage the assets
        of the Funds, including voting proxies with respect to a Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities. From time to time, however, the Advisers
        may elect to manage directly the assets of a Fund, including voting proxies with respect to such Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities,
        or a Fund&#8217;s Board may otherwise delegate to the Advisers authority to vote such proxies. Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers
        Act requires that a registered investment adviser adopt and implement written policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure
        that it votes proxies with respect to a client&#8217;s securities in the best interest of the client. Pursuant thereto, the Advisers
        have adopted and implemented these proxy voting policies and procedures (the &#8220;Proxy Procedures&#8221;).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Procedure</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Fiduciary Duty </B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies
        on behalf of a Fund in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Voting of Proxies</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisers will vote proxies with respect
        to a Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities when authorized to do so by the Fund and subject to the Fund&#8217;s proxy voting policies
        and procedures and any further direction or delegation of authority by the Fund&#8217;s Board. The decision on how to vote a proxy
        will be made by the person(s) to whom the Advisers have from time to time delegated such responsibility (the &#8220;Designated
        Person&#8221;). The Designated Person may include the Fund&#8217;s portfolio manager(s) and a Proxy Voting Committee, as described
        below.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">When voting proxies with respect to a Fund&#8217;s
        portfolio securities, the following standards will apply:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Designated Person will vote based on what it
        believes is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders and in accordance with the Fund&#8217;s investment guidelines.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each voting decision will be made independently.
        To assist with the analysis of voting issues and/or to carry out the actual voting process the Designated Person may enlist the
        services of (1)reputable professionals (who may include persons employed by or otherwise associated with the Advisers or any of
        its affiliated persons) or (2) independent proxy evaluation services such as Institutional Shareholder Services. However, the ultimate
        decision as to how to vote a proxy will remain the responsibility of the Designated Person. </FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Advisers believe that a good management team
        of a company will generally act in the best interests of the company. Therefore, the Designated Person will take into consideration
        as a key factor in voting proxies with respect to securities of a company that are held by the Fund the quality of the company&#8217;s
        management. In general, the Designated Person will vote as recommended by company management except in situations where the Designated
        Person believes such recommended vote is not in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">As a general principle, voting with respect to
the same portfolio securities held by more than one Fund should be consistent among those Funds having substantially the same
investment mandates. </FONT></P>

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>



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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 28.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Advisers will provide the Fund, from time to
        time in accordance with the Fund&#8217;s proxy voting policies and procedures and any applicable laws and regulations, a record
        of the Advisers&#8217; voting of proxies with respect to the Fund&#8217;s portfolio securities. </FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Material Conflicts of Interest </B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In carrying out its proxy voting responsibilities,
        the Advisers will monitor and resolve potential material conflicts (&#8220;Material Conflicts&#8221;) between the interests of
        (a) a Fund and (b) the Advisers or any of its affiliated persons. Affiliates of the Advisers include Manulife Financial Corporation
        and its subsidiaries. Material Conflicts may arise, for example, if a proxy vote relates to matters involving any of these companies
        or other issuers in which the Advisers or any of their affiliates has a substantial equity or other interest.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the Advisers or a Designated Person become
        aware that a proxy voting issue may present a potential Material Conflict, the issue will be referred to the Advisers&#8217; Legal
        Department and/or the Office of the CCO. If the Legal Department and/or the Office of the CCO, as applicable determines that a
        potential Material Conflict does exist, a Proxy Voting Committee will be appointed to consider and resolve the issue. The Proxy
        Voting Committee may make any determination that it considers reasonable and may, if it chooses, request the advice of an independent,
        third-party proxy service on how to vote the proxy.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Voting Proxies of Underlying Funds of a Fund of Funds</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisers or the Designated Person will vote
        proxies with respect to the shares of a Fund that are held by another Fund that operates as a Fund of Funds&#8221;)in the manner
        provided in the proxy voting policies and procedures of the Fund of Funds (including such policies and procedures relating to material
        conflicts of interest) or as otherwise directed by the board of trustees or directors of the Fund of Funds.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Proxy Voting Committee(s)</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisers will from time to time, and on
        such temporary or longer term basis as they deem appropriate, establish one or more Proxy Voting Committees. A Proxy Voting Committee
        shall include the Advisers&#8217; CCO and may include legal counsel. The terms of reference and the procedures under which a Proxy
        Voting Committee will operate will be reviewed from time to time by the Legal and Compliance Department. Records of the deliberations
        and proxy voting recommendations of a Proxy Voting Committee will be maintained in accordance with applicable law, if any, and
        these Proxy Procedures.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Records Retention</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisers will retain (or arrange for the
        retention by a third party of) such records relating to proxy voting pursuant to these Proxy Procedures as may be required from
        time to time by applicable law and regulations, including the following:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<OL START="1" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">These Proxy Procedures and all amendments hereto;</LI>
</OL>


<OL START="2" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">All proxy statements received regarding Fund
        portfolio securities;</LI>
</OL>


<OL START="3" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Records of all votes cast on behalf of a Fund;</LI>
</OL>


<OL START="4" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Records of all Fund requests for proxy voting
        information;</LI>
</OL>


<OL START="5" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Any documents prepared by the Designated Person
        or a Proxy Voting Committee that were material to or memorialized the basis for a voting decision;</LI>
</OL>


<OL START="6" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">All records relating to communications with
        the Funds regarding Conflicts; and</LI>
</OL>


<OL START="7" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">All minutes of meetings of Proxy Voting Committees.</LI>
</OL>


        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund Administration Department Investment Compliance group, the
        Office of the CCO, and/or the Legal Department are responsible for maintaining the documents set forth above as needed and deemed
        appropriate. Such documents will be maintained in the Fund Administration Department Investment Compliance group,</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>



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        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Office of the CCO, and/or the Legal Department for the period set
        forth in the Records Retention Schedule.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Reporting to Fund Boards</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The CCO of the Advisers will provide the Board
        with a copy of these Proxy Procedures, accompanied by a certification that represents that the Proxy Procedures have been adopted
        by the Advisers in conformance with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act. Thereafter, the Advisers will provide the Board with
        notice and a copy of any amendments or revisions to the Procedures and will report quarterly to the Board all material changes
        to these Proxy Procedures.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The CCO&#8217;s annual written compliance report
        to the Board will contain a summary of material changes to the Proxy Procedures during the period covered by the report.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the Advisers vote any proxies in a manner
        inconsistent with either these Proxy Procedures or a Fund&#8217;s proxy voting policies and procedures, the CCO will provide the
        Board with a report detailing such exceptions.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In the case of proxies voted by a sub-adviser
        to a Fund pursuant to the Fund&#8217;s proxy voting procedures, the Advisers will request the sub-adviser to certify to the Advisers
        that the sub-adviser has voted the Fund&#8217;s proxies as required by the Fund&#8217;s proxy voting policies and procedures and
        that such proxy votes were executed in a manner consistent with these Proxy Procedures and to provide the Advisers with a report
        detailing any instances where the sub-adviser voted any proxies in a manner inconsistent with the Fund&#8217;s proxy voting policies
        and procedures. The COO of the Advisers will then report to the Board on a quarterly basis regarding the sub-adviser certification
        and report to the Board any instance where the sub-adviser voted any proxies in a manner inconsistent with the Fund&#8217;s proxy
        voting policies and procedures.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">May 2017</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>JOHN HANCOCK FUNDS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Majority of the Independent Board of Trustees (the &#8220;Board&#8221;)
        of each registered investment company of the Trusts, has adopted these proxy voting policies and procedures (the &#8220;Trust Proxy
        Policy).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Each fund of the Trust or any other registered investment company
        (or series thereof) (each, a &#8220;fund&#8221;) is required to disclose its proxy voting policies and procedures in its registration
        statement and, pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 under the 1940 Act, file annually with the Securities and Exchange Commission and make available
        to shareholders its actual proxy voting record. In this regard, the Trust Policy is set forth below.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">It is the policy of the Trust to delegate the responsibility for
        voting proxies relating to portfolio securities held by a fund to the fund&#8217;s investment adviser (&#8220;adviser&#8221;) or,
        if the fund&#8217;s adviser has delegated portfolio management responsibilities to one or more investment sub-adviser(s), to the
        fund&#8217;s sub-adviser(s), subject to the Board&#8217;s continued oversight. The sub-adviser for each fund shall vote all proxies
        relating to securities held by each fund and in that connection, and subject to any further policies and procedures contained herein,
        shall use proxy voting policies and procedures adopted by each sub-adviser in conformance with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment
        Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the &#8220;Advisers Act&#8221;).</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Except as noted below under Material Conflicts of Interest, the Trust
        Proxy Policy with respect to a Fund shall incorporate that adopted by the Fund&#8217;s sub-adviser with respect to voting proxies
        held by its clients (the &#8220;Sub-adviser Proxy Policy&#8221;). Each Sub-adviser Policy, as it may be amended from time to time,
        is hereby incorporated by reference into the Trust Proxy Policy. Each sub-adviser to a Fund is directed to comply with these policies
        and procedures in voting proxies relating to portfolio securities held by a fund, subject to oversight by the Fund&#8217;s adviser
        and by the Board. Each Adviser to a Fund retains the responsibility, and is directed, to oversee each sub-adviser&#8217;s compliance
        with these policies and procedures, and to adopt and implement such additional policies and procedures as it deems necessary or
        appropriate to discharge its oversight responsibility. Additionally, the Trust&#8217;s Chief Compliance Officer (&#8220;CCO&#8221;)
        shall conduct such monitoring and supervisory activities as the CCO or the Board deems necessary or appropriate in order to appropriately
        discharge the CCO&#8217;s role in overseeing the sub-advisers&#8217; compliance with these policies and procedures.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The delegation by the Board of the authority to vote proxies relating
        to portfolio securities of the funds is entirely voluntary and may be revoked by the Board, in whole or in part, at any time.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Voting Proxies of Underlying Funds of a Fund of Funds</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 14.4pt; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">A.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Where the Fund of Funds is not the Sole Shareholder
        of the Underlying Fund </U></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">With respect to voting proxies relating to the shares of an underlying
        fund (an &#8220;Underlying Fund&#8221;) held by a Fund of the Trust operating as a fund of funds (a &#8220;Fund of Funds&#8221;)
        in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act where the Underlying Fund has shareholders other than the Fund of Funds which
        are not other Fund of Funds, the Fund of Funds will vote proxies relating to shares of the Underlying Fund in the same proportion
        as the vote of all other holders of such Underlying Fund shares.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 14.4pt; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">B.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Where the Fund of Funds is the Sole Shareholder
        of the Underlying Fund</U></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In the event that one or more Funds of Funds are the sole shareholders
        of an Underlying Fund, the Adviser to the Fund of Funds or the Trusts will vote proxies relating to the shares of the Underlying
        Fund as set forth below unless the Board elects to have the Fund of Funds seek voting instructions from the shareholders of the
        Funds of Funds in which case the Fund of Funds will vote proxies relating to shares of the Underlying Fund in the same proportion
        as the instructions timely received from such shareholders.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Where Both the Underlying Fund and the Fund
        of Funds are Voting on Substantially Identical Proposals</U></FONT></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


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    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In the event that the Underlying Fund and the Fund of Funds are voting
        on substantially identical proposals (the &#8220;Substantially Identical Proposal&#8221;), then the Adviser or the Fund of Funds
        will vote proxies relating to shares of the Underlying Fund in the same proportion as the vote of the shareholders of the Fund
        of Funds on the Substantially Identical Proposal.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 32.4pt; text-indent: -14.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Where the Underlying Fund is Voting on a Proposal
        that is Not Being Voted on by the Fund of Funds</U></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Where there is No Material Conflict of Interest
        Between the Interests of the Shareholders of the Underlying Fund and the Adviser Relating to the Proposal</U></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In the event that the Fund of Funds is voting on a proposal of the
        Underlying Fund and the Fund of Funds is not also voting on a substantially identical proposal and there is no material conflict
        of interest between the interests of the shareholders of the Underlying Fund and the Adviser relating to the Proposal, then the
        Adviser will vote proxies relating to the shares of the Underlying Fund pursuant to its Proxy Voting Procedures.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;
        </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Where there is a Material Conflict of Interest
        Between the Interests of the Shareholders of the Underlying Fund and the Adviser Relating to the Proposal </U></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In the event that the Fund of Funds is voting on a proposal of the
        Underlying Fund and the Fund of Funds is not also voting on a substantially identical proposal and there is a material conflict
        of interest between the interests of the shareholders of the Underlying Fund and the Adviser relating to the Proposal, then the
        Fund of Funds will seek voting instructions from the shareholders of the Fund of Funds on the proposal and will vote proxies relating
        to shares of the Underlying Fund in the same proportion as the instructions timely received from such shareholders. A material
        conflict is generally defined as a proposal involving a matter in which the Adviser or one of its affiliates has a material economic
        interest.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Material Conflicts of Interest </B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If (1) a sub-adviser to a Fund becomes aware that a vote presents
        a material conflict between the interests of (a) shareholders of the Fund; and (b) the Fund&#8217;s Adviser, sub-adviser, principal
        underwriter, or any of their affiliated persons, and (2) the sub-adviser does not propose to vote on the particular issue in the
        manner prescribed by its Sub-adviser Proxy Policy or the material conflict of interest procedures set forth in its Sub-adviser
        Proxy Policy are otherwise triggered, then the sub-adviser will follow the material conflict of interest procedures set forth in
        its Sub-adviser Proxy Policy when voting such proxies.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If a Sub-adviser Proxy Policy provides that in the case of a material
        conflict of interest between Fund shareholders and another party, the sub-adviser will ask the Board to provide voting instructions,
        the sub-adviser shall vote the proxies, in its discretion, as recommended by an independent third party, in the manner prescribed
        by its Sub-adviser Proxy Policy or abstain from voting the proxies.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Securities Lending Program</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Certain of the Funds participate in a securities lending program
        with the Trusts through an agent lender. When a Fund&#8217;s securities are out on loan, they are transferred into the borrower&#8217;s
        name and are voted by the borrower, in its discretion. Where a sub-adviser determines, however, that a proxy vote (or other shareholder
        action) is materially important to the client&#8217;s account, the sub-adviser should request that the agent recall the security
        prior to the record date to allow the sub-adviser to vote the securities.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures in the Trust&#8217;s
        Statement of Additional Information (&#8220;SAI&#8221;)</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Trust shall include in its SAI a summary of the Trust Proxy Policy
        and of the Sub-adviser Proxy Policy included therein. (In lieu of including a summary of these policies and procedures, the Trust
        may include each full Trust Proxy Policy and Sub-adviser Proxy Policy in the SAI.)</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures in Annual and
        Semi-Annual Shareholder Reports </B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Trusts shall disclose in annual and semi-annual shareholder reports
        that a description of the Trust Proxy Policy, including the Sub-adviser Proxy Policy, and the Trusts&#8217; proxy voting record
        for the most recent 12 months ended June 30 are available on the Securities and Exchange Commission&#8217;s (&#8220;SEC&#8221;)
        website, and without</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


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    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">charge, upon request, by calling a specified toll-free telephone
        number. The Trusts will send these documents within three business days of receipt of a request, by first-class mail or other means
        designed to ensure equally prompt delivery. The Fund Administration Department is responsible for preparing appropriate disclosure
        regarding proxy voting for inclusion in shareholder reports and distributing reports. The Legal Department supporting the Trusts
        is responsible for reviewing such disclosure once it is prepared by the Fund Administration Department.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Filing of Proxy Voting Record on Form N-PX </B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Trusts will annually file their complete proxy voting record
        with the SEC on Form N-PX. The Form N-PX shall be filed for the twelve months ended June 30 no later than August 31 of that year.
        The Fund Administration department, supported by the Legal Department supporting the Trusts, is responsible for the annual filing.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Procedure</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Review of Sub-advisers&#8217; Proxy Voting</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The Trusts have delegated proxy voting authority with respect to
        Fund portfolio securities in accordance with the Trust Policy, as set forth above.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Consistent with this delegation, each sub-adviser is responsible
        for the following:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<OL START="1" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify">Implementing written policies and procedures, in compliance with
        Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act, reasonably designed to ensure that the sub-adviser votes portfolio securities in the best
        interest of shareholders of the Trusts.</LI>
        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify">Providing the Advisers with a copy and description of the Sub-adviser
        Proxy Policy prior to being approved by the Board as a sub-adviser, accompanied by a certification that represents that the Sub-adviser
        Proxy Policy has been adopted in conformance with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act. Thereafter, providing the Advisers with
        notice of any amendment or revision to that Sub-adviser Proxy Policy or with a description thereof. The Advisers are required to
        report all material changes to a Sub-adviser Proxy Policy quarterly to the Board. The CCO&#8217;s annual written compliance report
        to the Board will contain a summary of the material changes to each Sub-adviser Proxy Policy during the period covered by the report.</LI>
        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify">Providing the Adviser with a quarterly certification indicating
        that the sub-adviser did vote proxies of the funds and that the proxy votes were executed in a manner consistent with the Sub-adviser
        Proxy Policy. If the sub-adviser voted any proxies in a manner inconsistent with the Sub-adviser Proxy Policy, the sub-adviser
        will provide the Adviser with a report detailing the exceptions.</LI>
</OL>

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Adviser Responsibilities </B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Trusts have retained a proxy voting service to coordinate, collect,
        and maintain all proxy-related information, and to prepare and file the Trust&#8217;s reports on Form N-PX with the SEC.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisers, in accordance with their general oversight responsibilities,
        will periodically review the voting records maintained by the proxy voting service in accordance with the following procedures:</P>
<OL START="1" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Receive a file with the proxy voting information directly from each
        sub-adviser on a quarterly basis.</LI>
        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify">Select a sample of proxy votes from the files submitted by the sub-advisers
        and compare them against the proxy voting service files for accuracy of the votes.</LI>
        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify">Deliver instructions to shareholders on how to access proxy voting
        information via the Trust&#8217;s semi-annual and annual shareholder reports.</LI>
</OL>


        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The Fund Administration Department, in conjunction with the Legal
        Department supporting the Trusts, is responsible for the foregoing procedures.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Proxy Voting Service Responsibilities</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Proxy voting services retained by the Trusts are required to undertake
        the following procedures:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

	<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;<B>Aggregation of Votes:</B></P>

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The proxy voting service&#8217;s proxy disclosure system will collect
        fund-specific and/or account-level voting records, including votes cast by multiple sub-advisers or third party voting services.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 5.4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;<B>Reporting:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The proxy voting service&#8217;s proxy disclosure system will provide
        the following reporting features:</P>
<OL START="1" STYLE="margin-top: 0cm; list-style-type: decimal">

        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">multiple report export options;</LI>
        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">report customization by fund-account, portfolio manager, security,
        etc.; and</LI>
        <LI STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">account details available for vote auditing.</LI>
</OL>



        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;<B>Form N-PX Preparation
        and Filing:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Advisers will be responsible for oversight and completion of
        the filing of the Trusts&#8217; reports on Form N-PX with the SEC. The proxy voting service will prepare the EDGAR version of Form
        N-PX and will submit it to the adviser for review and approval prior to filing with the SEC. The proxy voting service will file
        Form N-PX for each twelve-month period ending on June 30. The filing must be submitted to the SEC on or before August 31 of each
        year. The Fund Administration Department, in conjunction with the Legal Department supporting the Trusts, is responsible for the
        foregoing procedures.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">September 2015</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><IMG SRC="s003.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Asset Management a division of
Manulife Asset Management (US) LLC</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Proxy Voting Policy</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Background</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify">Manulife Asset Management (&#8220;MAM&#8221;
or the &#8220;Firm&#8221;)* represents investment advisors registered in certain&nbsp; countries as appropriate to support the
broader Manulife Asset Management discretionary advisory business.</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0">Applicable rules may require an investment
advisor to (i) adopt proxy policies reasonably designed to seek to ensure the advisor votes proxies in the best interests of its
clients, including addressing material conflicts of interest; (ii) disclose to clients information about its proxy policies; and
(iii) maintain certain records relating to proxy voting. These requirements are designed to minimize conflicts of interest and
to seek to ensure greater transparency in the voting of proxies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify">MAM has adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures
to seek to ensure proxies are voted in the best interests of its clients and its proxy voting activities adhere to the requirements
of all applicable rules and general fiduciary principles. Where MAM is granted and accepts responsibility for voting proxies for
client accounts, it will take reasonable steps to seek to ensure proxies are received and voted in the best interest of the client
with a view to enhance the value of the shares of equity securities held in client accounts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify">MAM has contracted with Institutional Shareholder
Services Inc. (&#8220;ISS) an independent third party service provider, to vote clients&#8217; proxies. The Firm has adopted ISS
proxy voting recommendations and established corresponding Firm Proxy Voting guidelines. Proxies will be voted in accordance with&nbsp;
the&nbsp; voting recommendations contained in the applicable domestic or global ISS Proxy Voting Manual, as in effect from time
to time. Except in instances where a MAM&#8217;s client retains voting authority, MAM will instruct custodians of client accounts
to forward all proxy statements and materials received in respect of client accounts to ISS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 0">MAM has engaged ISS as its proxy voting agent
to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">1. research and make voting recommendations
or, for matters for which Manulife Asset Management has so delegated, to make the voting determinations;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">2. ensure proxies are voted and submitted in
a timely manner;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">3. handle other administrative functions of
proxy voting;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">4. maintain records of proxy statements received
in connection with proxy votes and provide copies of such proxy statements promptly upon request;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">5. maintain records of votes cast; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">6. provide recommendations with respect to proxy
voting matters in general.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">* Refer to Appendix of Affiliated MAM entities that have adopted
this policy</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Policy Administration, Oversight and Governance</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify">MAM&#8217;s Proxy Voting Team is responsible
for administering and implementing the Proxy Voting Policy, including the proper oversight of ISS and any other service providers
hired by the Firm to assist it in the proxy voting process.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">Proxy Voting Team is responsible for administering
the proxy voting process, including:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">1. Implementing and updating the applicable
domestic and global ISS proxy voting guidelines;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">2. &nbsp;Coordinating and overseeing the proxy
voting process performed by ISS; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-indent: -13.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 13.5pt; text-align: justify">3. Providing periodic
reports to the Brokerage Practices Committee (BPC), Operating Committee, the Chief C Compliance Officer, Advisory Clients or any
other persons/committee as deemed appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify">Proper oversight of the vendor will include
periodic due diligence of the vendor including its&#8217; industry reputation, risk, compliance and technology infrastructure and
the vendor&#8217;s ability to meet the Firm&#8217;s requirements relative to reporting and other service requirements including;
assessing the adequacy and quality of the proxy advisory firm&#8217;s staffing and personnel; and assessing whether the proxy advisory
firm has robust policies and procedures that enable it to make proxy voting recommendations based on current and accurate information
and to identify and address conflicts of interest relating to its voting recommendations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0">All proxies received on behalf of Clients are
forwarded to ISS. Any MAM employee that receives a client&#8217;s proxy statement should therefore notify Proxy Voting Team and
arrange for immediate delivery to ISS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to voting proxies, MAM:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">1. &nbsp;describes its proxy voting procedures
to its clients in the relevant or required disclosure document;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">2. &nbsp;provides clients with a copy of the
Proxy Voting Policy, upon request;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">3. &nbsp;discloses to its clients how they
may obtain information on how MAM voted the client&#8217;s proxies;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">4. generally applies its Proxy Voting Policy
consistently;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">5. &nbsp;documents the reason(s) for voting
for all non- routine items; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 0">6. &nbsp;keep records of such proxy voting
through ISS available for inspection by the Client or government agencies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0"> </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Oversight and Governance</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Oversight of the proxy voting process is the
responsibility of the Firm&#8217;s Brokerage Practices Committee (&#8220;BPC&#8221;) (which reports up to the Firm&#8217;s Operating
Committee). he Operating Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving amendments to the Proxy Voting Policy. The BPC or
its&#8217; designee should be provided a periodic evaluation of vendor due diligence and service activity including a summary of
vendor proxy voting activity on behalf the Firm&#8217;s clients. Reporting should include trends relative to non-routine items,
conflict of interest situations, voting outside of Proxy guidelines and the rationale and other material matters.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify">On a quarterly basis, Proxy Voting Team should
provide the BPC with summary of instances where MAM has (i) voted proxies in a manner inconsistent with the recommendation of ISS,
and (ii) voted proxies in circumstances in which a material conflict of interest may exist as set forth in the Conflicts section.<BR>
<BR>
Material proxy voting issues identified by the Proxy Voting Team are to be escalated to the Firm&#8217;s Chief Compliance Officer.
As appropriate, the BPC (or their designee) will be informed of material matters and related actions taken by the responsible parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0">The Chief Compliance Officer makes an annual
risk- based assessment of the Firm&#8217;s compliance program, which may include proxy voting activities, and may conduct a review
of the Procedures to determine such Procedures are reasonably designed to achieve their purpose. The Chief Compliance Officer makes
periodic reports to MAM Risk Management Working Group that includes a summary of issues identified in the review of activities
as part of the compliance program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>General Principles</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Scope</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">This Policy permits Clients to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">1.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">delegate to MAM the responsibility
and authority to vote proxies on their behalf according to MAM&#8217;s Proxy Voting Policy and guidelines; or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">2.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">delegate to MAM the responsibility and authority to vote proxies on their behalf according to the
particular Client&#8217;s own proxy voting policies and guidelines, subject to acceptance by the Firm, as mutually agreed upon
between the Firm and the Client.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38.35pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify">MAM seeks to vote proxies in
the best economic interests of all of its Clients for whom the Firm has proxy voting authority and responsibilities. In the ordinary
course, this entails voting proxies in a manner which the Firm believes will maximize the economic value of client security holdings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38.35pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify">The Firm believes its Proxy Voting
Policy is reasonably designed to ensure proxy matters are conducted in the best interest of Clients, and in accordance with MAM&#8217;s
fiduciary duties and applicable rules.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>General Standards on Voting</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 37.45pt 0 0; text-align: justify">The following are examples
of general standards the Firm has established relative to its&#8217; proxy voting obligations:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 37.45pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 37pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify">MAM does not engage in the
practice of &#8220;empty voting&#8221; ( a term embracing a variety of factual circumstances that result in a partial or total
separation of the right to vote at a shareholders meeting from beneficial ownership of the shares on the meeting date). MAM prohibits
investment managers from creating large hedge positions solely to gain the vote while avoiding economic exposure to the market.
MAM will not knowingly vote borrowed shares (for example, shares borrowed for short sales and hedging transactions) that the lender
of the shares is also voting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 37pt 0 0; text-align: justify"> </P>



<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 37.85pt 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">MAM reviews various criteria to determine whether
the costs associated with voting the proxy exceed the expected benefit to Clients and may conduct a cost-benefit analysis in determining
whether it is in the best economic interest to vote client proxies. Given the outcome of the cost-benefit analysis, the Firm may
refrain from voting a proxy on behalf of the Clients&#8217; accounts.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 37.85pt 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">Except as otherwise required by
law, MAM has a general policy of not disclosing to any issuer or third- party how MAM or its voting delegate voted a Client&#8217;s
proxy.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 37.85pt 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: #221F1F"> </FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 37.85pt 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 37.85pt 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">MAM endeavors to show sensitivity
to local market practices when voting proxies of non-domestic issuers. MAM votes in all markets where it is feasible to do so.</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 37.85pt 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">MAM may refrain from voting a proxy
due to logistical considerations that may have a detrimental effect on the Firm&#8217;s ability to vote such a proxy. These issues
may include, but are not limited to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">1. <FONT STYLE="color: #221F1F">proxy statements and ballots being
written in a foreign language;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">2. <FONT STYLE="color: #221F1F">underlying securities have been lent
out pursuant to a Client&#8217;s securities lending program;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">3. untimely notice of a shareholder meeting;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">4. requirements to vote proxies in person;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><BR>
5. restrictions on foreigner&#8217;s ability to exercise votes;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><BR>
6. restrictions on the sale of securities for a period of time in proximity to the shareholder meeting (&#8220;share blocking and
re-registration&#8221;);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">7. requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate the voting instructions (such proxies are voted on
a best-efforts basis); or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><BR>
8. inability of a Client&#8217;s custodian to forward and process proxies electronically.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 37.75pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT> From time to time, proxy
votes will be solicited which involve special circumstances and require additional research and discussion or (ii) are not directly
addressed by ISS. These proxies are identified through a number of methods, including, but not limited to, notification from ISS,
concerns of clients, concerns raised by the Firm&#8217;s investment professionals and questions from consultants.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 37.9pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT> <FONT STYLE="color: #221F1F">In
such instances of special circumstances or issues not directly addressed by ISS, a sub-committee of the BPC (&#8220;Proxy Committee&#8221;)
will be consulted for a determination of the proxy vote. The Proxy Committee comprises of no fewer than three members of the BPC.
Although the Firm anticipates such instances will be rare, The Proxy Committee&#8217;s first determination is whether there is
a material conflict of interest between the interests of a Client and those of MAM. If the Proxy Committee determines there is
a material conflict, the process detailed under &#8220;Conflicts of Interest&#8221; below is followed. If there is no material
conflict, the Proxy Committee examines each of the issuer&#8217;s proposals in detail in seeking to determine what vote would be
in the best interests of Clients. At this point, the Proxy Committee will make a voting decision based on maximizing the economic
value of all portfolios&#8217; holdings for the issuer</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 37.85pt 0 0; text-align: justify">* <FONT STYLE="color: #221F1F">There
may be circumstances under which a portfolio manager or other MAM investment professional (&#8220;Manulife Asset Management Investment
Professional&#8221;) believes it is in the best interest of a Client or Clients to vote proxies in a manner inconsistent with the
recommendation of ISS. In such an event, as feasible, the Manulife Asset Management Investment Professional shall inform the Proxy
Operations group of his or her decision to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with the recommendation of ISS and the rationale
for such decision. Proxy Operations will report to the BPC no less than quarterly any instance where a Manulife Asset Management
Investment Professional has decided to vote a proxy on behalf of a Client in such a manner.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Conflicts of Interest</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F">From time to time,
proxy voting proposals may raise conflicts between the interests of the Firm&#8217;s clients and the interests of the Firm and
its affiliates or employees. For example, MAM or its affiliates may provide</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F"> </P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F">services to a company
whose management is soliciting proxies, or to another entity which is a proponent of a particular proxy proposal. Another example
could arise when MAM or its affiliates has business or other relationships with participants involved in proxy contests, such as
a candidate for a corporate directorship. More specifically, if MAM is aware that one of the following conditions exists with respect
to a proxy, MAM shall consider such event a potential material conflict of interest:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F"> </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">1. MAM has a business relationship or potential
relationship with the issuer;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">2. MAM has a business relationship with the
proponent of the proxy proposal; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt">3. MAM members,
employees or consultants have a personal or other business relationship with the participants in the proxy contest, such as corporate
directors or director candidates.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 12pt 37.75pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F">MAM&#8217;s
goal in addressing any such potential conflict is to ensure proxy votes are cast in the advisory clients&#8217; best interests
and are not affected by MAM&#8217;s potential conflict. In those instances, there are a number of courses MAM may take. The final
decision as to which course to follow shall be made by the BPC or its designee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 7.5pt 37.75pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 37.75pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F">In the event
of a potential material conflict of interest, the BPC or its designee will either (i) vote such proxy according to the specific
recommendation of ISS; (ii) abstain; or (iii) request the Client vote such proxy. All such instances shall be reported to the BPC
and the Chief Compliance Officer at least quarterly.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 37.75pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 8.95pt 37.8pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 37.8pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 37.8pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F">In other
cases, where the matter presents a potential material conflict and is not clearly within one of the ISS&#8217; enumerated recommendations,
or is of such a nature the BPC believes more active involvement is necessary, the BPC shall make a decision as to the voting of
the proxy. The basis for the voting decision, including the basis for the determination the decision is in the best interests of
the Client, shall be formalized in writing as a part of the minutes of the BPC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 37.8pt 0 0; text-align: justify; color: #221F1F"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Recordkeeping</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 38.75pt 12pt 0; color: #221F1F">In accordance with applicable law,
MAM shall retain the following documents for not less than five years from the end of the year in which the proxies were voted,
the first two years in MAM&#8217;s office:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 8.95pt 0 0 91pt; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">the MAM Proxy Voting Policy and
any additional procedures created pursuant to that policy;</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 38.2pt 0 91pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">a copy of each proxy statement
MAM receives regarding securities held by Clients (this requirement will be satisfied by ISS who has agreed in writing to do so
or by obtaining a copy of the proxy statement from the EDGAR database);</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 8.95pt 37.9pt 0 91pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">a record of each vote cast by MAM
(this requirement will be satisfied by ISS who has agreed in writing to do so) on behalf of Clients;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 37pt 0 91pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">a copy of any document created
by MAM that was material in making its voting decision or that memorializes the basis for such decision; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 44.1pt 0 91pt; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #221F1F">a copy of each written request
from a client, and response to the client, for information on how MAM clients&#8217; proxies were voted.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 44.1pt 0 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: #221F1F"> </FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 75%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Appendix of Affiliated MAM Entities</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manulife Asset Management (US) LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manulife Asset Management (North America) Limited</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manulife Asset Management Limited+</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manulife Asset Management (Europe) Limited</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manulife Asset Management Trust Company</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">+Investment management business only.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 38.75pt 0 0"> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 38.75pt 0 0">Policy Edition: June 2017; prior versions September
2015; January 2015 and August 2014</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 38.75pt 0 0"> </P>


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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->



<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>JOHN HANCOCK INVESTORS TRUST</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PART C</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>OTHER INFORMATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 25. Financial Statements and Exhibits</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify">Included in Part A: Financial Highlights</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify">Included in Part B: Financial Statements
are incorporated in Part B by reference to the Fund&#8217;s October 31, 2018 annual shareholder report (audited) on Form N-CSR
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;) on December 27, 2018 (Accession No. 0001145443-18-000834).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">EXHIBITS:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated December
13, 2018 to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated January 22, 2016 &#8211; <B>FILED HEREWITH.</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amended and Restated By-laws
dated January 22, 2016 (&#8220;By-Laws&#8221;) &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(b)(1) to the Fund&#8217;s Shelf Registration
Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016 (Accession No. 0001133228-16-007669).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">(1) Amendment dated
March 10, 2016 to the Amended and Restated By-Laws dated January 22, 2016 &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(2)(B)(1) to post-effective
amendment No. 2 to the Fund&#8217;s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 24, 2017 (Accession No. 0001133228-17-000929).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Voting Trust Agreements.
</I>Not applicable.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Instruments Defining
Rights of Security Holders.</I> See exhibits 99.(2)(a) and 99.(2)(b), above.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Dividend Reinvestment
Plan</I>. Dividend Reinvestment Plan dated November 1, 2013 &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(2)(e) to the Fund&#8217;s Shelf
Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 26, 2014 (0001133228-14-000838).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Instruments Defining
Rights of Long-term Debt Holders.</I> Not applicable.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Investment Advisory
Contracts.</I></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investment Advisory Agreement
dated July 1, 2009 with John Hancock Advisers, LLC &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(g)(1) to the Fund&#8217;s Shelf Registration
Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sub-Advisory Agreement
dated December 31, 2005 with John Hancock Advisers, LLC and John Hancock Asset Management a division of Manulife Asset Management
(US) LLC (formerly, MFC Global Investment Management (U.S.), LLC, formerly Sovereign Asset Management, LLC) &#8211; previously
filed as exhibit 99.(g)(2) to the Fund&#8217;s Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession
No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Underwriting or Distribution
Contracts.</I></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Form of Distribution Agreement between John Hancock Funds, LLC and the Registrant previously filed
as exhibit (2)(h)(1) to the Registrant shelf registration statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 23, 2018 (Accession
No. 0001133228-18-001029).<BR STYLE="clear: both">
</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(2)</TD><TD>Form of Dealer Agreement between John Hancock Funds, LLC and the Dealer &#8211; previously filed as exhibit (2)(h)(2) to the
Registrant&#8217;s shelf registration statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 23, 2018 (Accession No. 0001133228-18-001029).<BR>
<BR>
</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Bonus or Profit Sharing
Contracts.</I> Not applicable.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Custodian Agreement.
</I>Master Custodian Agreement dated September 10, 2008 between the Fund and State Street Bank and Trust Company &#8211; previously
filed as exhibit 99.(j) to the Fund&#8217;s Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession
No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Other Material Contracts.</I></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Service Agreement dated July 1, 2009 with John Hancock Advisers, LLC &#8211; previously filed as
exhibit 99.(k)(1) to the Fund&#8217;s Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No.
0000950123-12-008305).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services dated June 1, 2002 with Computershare Shareowner
Services LLC (formerly, Mellon Investor Services, LLC) &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(1) to pre-effective amendment
No. 1 to the Fund&#8217;s Preferred Shares Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on October 27, 2003 (Accession
No. 0000950135-03-005304.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated July 1,
2007 to the Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(2)(a) to the Fund&#8217;s
Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated September
25, 2007 to the Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(2)(b) to the Fund&#8217;s
Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated October
10, 2007 to the Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(2)(c) to the Fund&#8217;s
Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated July 1,
2010 to the Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(2)(d) to the Fund&#8217;s
Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated October
18, 2010 to the Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(2)(e) to the Fund&#8217;s
Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated April
6, 2011 to the Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(2)(f) to the Fund&#8217;s
Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment dated March
31, 2013 to the Service Agreement for Transfer Agent Services &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(2)(k)(3)(g) to the Fund&#8217;s
Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 26, 2014 (0001133228-14-000838).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Chief
Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated March 10, 2009 by and among the Fund, John Hancock Investment Management Services,
LLC, John Hancock Advisers, LLC, and the Fund&#8217;s Chief Compliance Officer &#8211; previously filed as exhibit 99.(k)(3) to
the Fund&#8217;s Shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012 (Accession No. 0000950123-12-008305).<BR STYLE="clear: both">
</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify">(2) <I>Legal Opinion</I> &#8211; previously
filed as exhibit (2)(l) to the Registrant&#8217;s shelf registration statement on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 23, 2018
(Accession No. 0001133228-18-001029).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 72pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Non-resident Consent
to Service of Process.</I> Not applicable.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(n)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Other Opinions.</I>
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm &#8211; <B>FILED HEREWITH</B>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(o)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Omitted Financial Statements.</I>
Not applicable.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(p)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Agreement Related to
Initial Capital.</I> Not applicable.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(q)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Model Retirement Plan.</I>
Not applicable.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(r)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Codes of Ethics.</I></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Code of Ethics dated January
1, 2008 (as revised January 1, 2019) of John Hancock Advisers, LLC and John Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC (each,
a &#8220;John Hancock Adviser&#8221;), John Hancock Funds, LLC, John Hancock Distributors, LLC, each open-end and closed-end fund
advised by a John Hancock Adviser, and John Hancock Worldwide Investors, PLC &#8211; <B>FILED HEREWITH.</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Code of Ethics adopted
by John Hancock Asset Management a division of Manulife Asset Management (US) LLC (formerly, MFC Global Investment Management (U.S.),
LLC, formerly Sovereign Asset Management, LLC) amended as of September 1, 2015 &#8211; <B>FILED HEREWITH.</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21pt">(s)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><I>Power of Attorney</I>. Power of Attorney dated December 13, 2018 &#8211; <B>FILED HEREWITH</B>.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 26. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">See Form of Distribution Agreement and Form
of Dealer Agreement &#8211; previously filed as exhibits 99.(h)(1) and 99(h)(2) to the Registrant&#8217;s shelf registration statement
on Form N-2 filed with the SEC on February 23, 2018 (Accession No. 0001133228-18-001029).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 27. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The approximate expenses in connection with
the offering are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; padding-top: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registration and Filing Fees</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: right; padding-top: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$2,657</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; padding-top: 0">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Fee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$4,421</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">New York Stock Exchange Fee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$2,228</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost of Printing and Engraving</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$48,579</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounting Fee and Expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$7,040</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal Fees and Expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$180,723</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: right; padding-top: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">$245,648</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 28. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON
CONTROL </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">John Hancock Advisers, LLC (the &#8220;Advisor&#8221;)
is the investment advisor to the Fund. The Advisor is a wholly owned subsidiary of John Hancock Life Insurance Company (U.S.A.),
which in turn is a subsidiary of Manulife Financial Corporation (&#8220;Manulife Financial&#8221;), a publicly traded company based
in Toronto, Canada. A corporate organization list is set forth below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="organizationalchart.jpg" ALT=""></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 29. NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Set forth below is the number of record holders
as of December 1, 2018 of each class of securities of the Fund:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 55%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Title of Class</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Number of Record Holders</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(214,247,250)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares of Common Stock, no par value</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,287</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="background-color: White">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 30. INDEMNIFICATION </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Indemnification provisions relating to the Fund&#8217;s
Trustees, officers, employees and agents are set forth in Section&nbsp;4.3 of Article&nbsp;IV of Fund&#8217;s Declaration of Trust,
as previously filed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The form of Underwriting Agreement contains
provisions limiting the liability and providing for indemnification of the Trustees and officers under certain circumstances.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Fund&#8217;s Trustees and officers are insured
under a standard investment company errors and omissions insurance policy covering loss incurred by reason of negligent errors
and omissions committed in their official capacities as such. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;), may be permitted to Trustees, officers and controlling persons of the
Fund pursuant to the provisions described in this Item&nbsp;30, or otherwise, the Fund has been advised that in the opinion of
the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the
event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Fund of expenses incurred or paid
by a Trustee, officer or controlling person of the Fund in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted
by such Trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Fund will, unless in the
opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the
question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by
the final adjudication of such issue.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Article V of the Limited Liability Company Agreement
of the Advisor provides as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt; text-align: justify">&#8220;Section 5.06. Indemnity and Exculpation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 18pt">No Indemnitee, and no shareholder, director, officer, member, manager, partner,
agent, representative, employee or Affiliate of an Indemnitee, shall have any liability to the Company or to any Member for any
loss suffered by the Company (or the Corporation) which arises out of any action or inaction by such Indemnitee with respect to
the Company (or the Corporation) if such Indemnitee so acted or omitted to act (i) in the good faith (A) belief that such course
of conduct was in, or was not opposed to, the best interests of the Company (or the Corporation), or (B) reliance on the provisions
of this Agreement, and (ii) such course of conduct did not constitute gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 18pt">The Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, indemnify
each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding,
whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was, or has agreed to become, a Director
or Officer, or is or was serving, or has agreed to serve, at the request of the Company (or previously at the request of the Corporation),
as a director, officer, manager or trustee of, or in a similar capacity with, another corporation, partnership, limited liability
company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise (including any employee benefit plan) (all such persons being referred to hereafter
as an &#8220;Indemnitee&#8221;), or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against all
expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by
or on behalf of an Indemnitee in connection with such action, suit or proceeding and any appeal therefrom.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 18pt">As a condition precedent to his right to be indemnified, the Indemnitee must
notify the Company in writing as soon as practicable of any action, suit, proceeding or investigation involving him for which indemnity
hereunder will or could be sought. With respect to any action, suit, proceeding or<BR STYLE="clear: both">
</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt">investigation
of which the Company is so notified, the Company will be entitled to participate therein at its own expense and/or to assume the
defense thereof at its own expense, with legal counsel reasonably acceptable to the Indemnitee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(d)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 18pt">In the event that the Company does not assume the defense of any action, suit,
proceeding or investigation of which the Company receives notice under this Section 5.06, the Company shall pay in advance of the
final disposition of such matter any expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees) incurred by an Indemnitee in defending a civil
or criminal action, suit, proceeding or investigation or any appeal therefrom; provided, however, that the payment of such expenses
incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of such matter shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking
by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay all amounts so advanced in the event that it shall ultimately be determined that the
Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized in this Section 5.06, which undertaking shall be accepted
without reference to the financial ability of the Indemnitee to make such repayment; and further provided that no such advancement
of expenses shall be made if it is determined that (i) the Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed
to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, or (ii) with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, the
Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(e)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 18pt">The Company shall not indemnify an Indemnitee seeking indemnification in connection
with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such Indemnitee unless the initiation thereof was approved by the Board of Directors.
In addition, the Company shall not indemnify an Indemnitee to the extent such Indemnitee is reimbursed from the proceeds of insurance,
and in the event the Company makes any indemnification payments to an Indemnitee and such Indemnitee is subsequently reimbursed
from the proceeds of insurance, such Indemnitee shall promptly refund such indemnification payments to the Company to the extent
of such insurance reimbursement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(f)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 18pt">All determinations hereunder as to the entitlement of an Indemnitee to indemnification
or advancement of expenses shall be made in each instance by (a) a majority vote of the Directors consisting of persons who are
not at that time parties to the action, suit or proceeding in question (&#8220;Disinterested Directors&#8221;), whether or not
a quorum, (b) a majority vote of a quorum of the outstanding Common Shares, which quorum shall consist of Members who are not at
that time parties to the action, suit or proceeding in question, (c) independent legal counsel (who may, to the extent permitted
by law, be regular legal counsel to the Company), or (d) a court of competent jurisdiction.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18pt 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(g)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 18pt">The indemnification rights provided in this Section 5.06 (i) shall not be
deemed exclusive of any other rights to which an Indemnitee may be entitled under any law, agreement or vote of Members or Disinterested
Directors or otherwise, and (ii) shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of the Indemnitees. The
Company may, to the extent authorized from time to time by its Board of Directors, grant indemnification rights to other employees
or agents of the Company or other persons serving the Company and such rights may be equivalent to, or greater or less than, those
set forth in this Section 5.06. Any indemnification to be provided hereunder may be provided although the person to be indemnified
is no longer a Director or Officer.&#8221;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 31. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF
INVESTMENT ADVISOR </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For information as to the business, profession,
vocation or employment of a substantial nature of each of the directors and executive officers of the Advisor and the Subadvisor,
reference is made to the information set forth under: (i) the caption &#8220;Investment Advisory and Other Services&#8221; in the
Statement of Additional Information; (ii)&nbsp;Item 6 of the Form ADV Part II of John Hancock Advisers, LLC (File No. 801-8124)
filed with the SEC; and (iii)&nbsp;Item 6 of the Form ADV Part II of John Hancock Asset Management a division of Manulife Asset
Management (US) LLC (File No. 801-42023) filed with the SEC, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.<BR STYLE="clear: both">
</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 32. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All applicable accounts, books and documents
required to be maintained by the Fund by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules promulgated
thereunder are in the possession and custody of the Fund&#8217;s custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, Corporate Headquarters,
State Street Financial Center, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, and its transfer agent, Computershare, Inc., 250
Royall Street, Canton, Massachusetts, 02021, with the exception of certain corporate documents and portfolio trading documents
that are in the possession and custody of the Advisor, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02116, and the Subadvisor, 101
Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02199-7603. The Fund is informed that all applicable accounts, books and documents required to be
maintained by registered investment advisors are in the custody and possession of the Advisor and the Subadvisor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 33. MANAGEMENT SERVICES </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Not applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ITEM 34. UNDERTAKINGS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">1.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Fund undertakes to suspend the offering of Common Shares until the Prospectus and any applicable
Prospectus Supplement are amended if (a)&nbsp;subsequent to the effective date of this registration Statement, the net asset value
declines more than 10 percent from its net asset value as of the effective date of this Registration Statement or (b)&nbsp;the
net asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the Prospectus and any other applicable Prospectus
Supplement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">2.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">3.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">4.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Common Shares being registered will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance
on Rule 415 under the Securities Act. Accordingly, the Fund undertakes:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">a.</TD><TD>To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD>To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(2)</TD><TD>To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set
forth in the Registration Statement; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(3)</TD><TD>To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement
or any material change to such information in the Registration Statement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">b.</TD><TD>That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed
to be a new Registration Statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time
shall be deemed to be the initial <I>bona fide</I> offering thereof; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">c.</TD><TD>To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the Common Shares being registered which remain unsold
at the termination of the offering.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">d.</TD><TD>That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser, if the Fund is subject to Rule 430C:
Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 497(b), (c), (d) or (e) under the Securities Act as part of a Registration Statement relating
to an offering, other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A under the Securities Act, shall be deemed to be part of
and included in the Registration Statement as<BR STYLE="clear: both">
</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: 0pt">of the date it is first used after effectiveness.
<I>Provided</I>, however, that no statement made in a Registration Statement or prospectus that is part of the Registration Statement
or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or prospectus that is part
of the Registration Statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify
any statement that was made in the Registration Statement or prospectus that was part of the Registration Statement or made in
any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">e.</TD><TD>That for the purpose of determining liability of the Fund under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution
of Common Shares:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt">The undersigned Fund undertakes that in a primary offering
of securities of the undersigned Fund pursuant to this Registration Statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell
the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications,
the undersigned Fund will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD>any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Fund relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to
Rule 497 under the Securities Act;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(2)</TD><TD>the portion of any advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act relating to the offering containing material
information about the undersigned Fund or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Fund; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(3)</TD><TD>any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Fund to the purchaser.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">5.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Fund undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">a.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement
in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Fund pursuant to 497(h) under the Securities Act
shall be deemed to be part of the Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">b.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">each post- effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new Registration
Statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
initial <I>bona fide</I> offering thereof.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">6.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Fund undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt
delivery, within two business days of receipt of an oral or written request, its Statement of Additional Information.<BR STYLE="clear: both">
</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center"><U>SIGNATURES</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,
on the 22<SUP>nd</SUP> day of February 2019.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm">&nbsp;</P>



<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>JOHN HANCOCK INVESTORS TRUST</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 42%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 41%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">/s/ Andrew G. Arnott</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Andrew G. Arnott</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Title:&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">President and Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 216pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and
on the date indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Signature</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 43%; padding-top: 1pt; padding-bottom: 2.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;Title</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 22%; padding-top: 1pt; padding-bottom: 2.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;Date</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Andrew G. Arnott</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">President and Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andrew G. Arnott</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Charles A. Rizzo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Charles A. Rizzo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Charles L. Bardelis *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Charles L. Bardelis</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    James R. Boyle *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">James R. Boyle</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Peter S. Burgess *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Peter S. Burgess</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    William H. Cunningham *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">William H. Cunningham</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Grace K. Fey *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Grace K. Fey</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Marianne Harrison *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Grace K. Fey</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Theron S. Hoffman *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Theron S. Hoffman</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Deborah C. Jackson*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deborah C. Jackson</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Hassell H. McClellan *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hassell H. McClellan</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    James M. Oates *</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">James M. Oates</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Signature</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 43%; padding-top: 1pt; padding-bottom: 2.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;Title</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 22%; padding-top: 1pt; padding-bottom: 2.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;Date</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Steven R. Pruchansky*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Steven R. Pruchansky</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Gregory A. Russo*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 22, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gregory R. Russo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 18pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.75pt">*By: Power of Attorney</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.75pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 44%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Ariel Ayanna</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 41%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ariel Ayanna</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">*Pursuant to Power of Attorney filed herewith</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>EXHIBIT INDEX</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="html737_ex99-2a.htm">(2)(a)</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated December 13, 2018.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="html737_ex99-2n.htm">(2)(n)</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm dated February 22, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="html737_ex99-2r1.htm">(2)(r)(1)</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Code of Ethics John Hancock Advisers, LLC dated January 1, 2008 (as revised January 1, 2019).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="html737_ex99-2r2.htm">(2)(r)(2)</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Code of Ethics Manulife Asset Management (US), LLC as amended February 1, 2018. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="html737_ex99-2s.htm">(2)(s)</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Power of Attorney dated December 13, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.(2)(A)
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>html737_ex99-2a.htm
<DESCRIPTION>AMENDMENT TO THE DECLARATION OF TRUST DATED DECEMBER 13, 2018
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 99.(2)(a)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">AMENDMENT TO DECLARATION OF TRUST</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">John Hancock Investors Trust</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">To the City Clerk of</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Boston, Massachusetts</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">It is hereby stated that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">1.</TD><TD>This document constitutes an Amendment to the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (hereinafter called the &ldquo;Declaration&rdquo;)
of John Hancock Investors Trust (hereinafter called the &ldquo;business trust&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">2.</TD><TD>The Declaration amended by this document was filed with the Secretary of State of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on February
5, 2016.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">3.</TD><TD>The amendment to the Declaration effected by this document is as follows:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 54pt">The principal office address as stated on the front cover
of the Declaration has been changed effective December 31, 2018:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 108pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 72pt">200 Berkeley Street</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 72pt">Boston, Massachusetts 02116</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">4.</TD><TD>The amendment herein provided for was authorized in accordance with law.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has signed these presents all
on December 13, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<TR>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">/s/ Mara Moldwin</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 44%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Mara Moldwin</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Authorized Signatory</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(This document may be executed by an officer of the business trust.)</P>





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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.(2)(N)
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>html737_ex99-2n.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM DATED FEBRUARY 22, 2019
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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">EXHIBIT 99. (2)(n)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal"><U>CONSENT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; color: red">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">We hereby consent to the incorporation by
reference in this Registration Statement on Form N-2 of John Hancock Investors Trust of our report dated December 18, 2018, relating
to the financial statements and financial highlights, which appears in John Hancock Investors Trust&rsquo;s Annual Report on Form
N-CSR for the year ended October 31, 2018. We also consent to the references to us under the headings &ldquo;Financial Highlights&rdquo;
and &ldquo;Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm&rdquo; in such Registration Statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left; color: red"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">Boston, Massachusetts</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">February 22, 2019</P>



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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.(2)(R)(1)
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>html737_ex99-2r1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CODE OF ETHICS JOHN HANCOCK ADVISERS, LLC DATED JANUARY 1, 2008 (AS REVISED JANUARY 1, 2019)
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>EXHIBIT
99.(2)(r)(1)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Code of Ethics</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>January
1, 2008</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>(Revised
January 1, 2019)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>This
is the Code of Ethics for the following:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Advisers, LLC and</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>(each,
a &ldquo;John Hancock Adviser&rdquo;)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Funds, LLC</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Distributors, LLC,</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>each
open-end fund, closed-end fund, and exchange traded</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>fund advised by a John Hancock Adviser</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>(the
&ldquo;John Hancock Affiliated Funds&rdquo;),</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>and</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Worldwide Investors, PLC</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>(together,
called &ldquo;John Hancock&rdquo;)</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 93%; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 18pt; color: Black"><B>Table
    of Contents</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; width: 7%; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 0; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 2pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 2pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Introduction</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">4</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Standards
    of Business Conduct</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">5</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Applicability
    and Scope</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">5</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Access
    Levels</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">6</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Access
    Level 1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">6</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Access
    Level 2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">6</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Access
    Level 3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">7</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Overview
    of Rules for All Access Persons</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">7</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Brokerage
    Account Disclosure</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">7</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Brokerage
    Account Examples (non-exclusive list)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">7</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Employee
    Compensation Instruments (non-exclusive list)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">8</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">College
    Savings Plans - 529s</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">8</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">401(k)
    and John Hancock Variable Products: John Hancock Affiliated Funds Reporting</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">9</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Managed
    Accounts</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">9</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Preferred
    Brokerage Account Requirements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">9</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Opening/Closing
    Accounts</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">9</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Statements
    and Duplicate Confirmations of Trades</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">10</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Personal
    Trading</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">10</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Personal
    Trading Restrictions for all Access Persons</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">10</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Reporting
    and Pre-clearance</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">11</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Level
    1 Access Persons: Additional Personal Trading Restrictions and Disclosures</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">11</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Level
    2 Access Persons: Additional Personal Trading Restrictions and Disclosures</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">14</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Level
    3 Access Persons: Additional Personal Trading Restrictions and Disclosures</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">16</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Pre-clearance
    Process</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">16</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Reporting
    and Certification Requirements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">17</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Reporting</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">17</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Reporting
    Upon Designation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">17</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Quarterly
    Reporting</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">17</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Annual
    Reporting</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">18</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Ad
    Hoc Reporting</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">18</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Administration
    and Enforcement</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">18</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 93%; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Administration
    of the Code</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 7%; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">18</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Subadviser
    Compliance</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">18</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Adoption
    and Approval</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">19</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Subadviser
    Reporting &amp; Recordkeeping Requirements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">19</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Reporting
    to the Board</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">19</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Reporting
    Violations</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">20</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Exemptions
    &amp; Appeals</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">20</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Exemptions:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">20</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Appeals</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">21</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Interpretation
    and Enforcement</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">21</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Education
    of Employees</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">22</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Recordkeeping</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">22</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Other
    Important Policies</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">23</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">MFC
    Code of Business Conduct &amp; Ethics (All Covered Employees)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">23</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Conflicts of Interest Policy (All Covered Employees)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">23</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Gift &amp; Entertainment Policy (All Covered Employees)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">24</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Insider Trading Policy (All Covered Employees)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">24</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Pay to Play Rule on Political Contributions (All Covered Associates)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">24</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Whistleblower Policy (All Covered Employees)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">25</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Policy
    and Procedures Regarding Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings (All Covered Employees)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">25</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 30pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Additional
    Policies Outside the Code (All Covered Employees)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">25</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Appendix</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">27</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Definitions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">27</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Preferred
    Brokers List</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">31</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Access
    Persons</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">32</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Compliance
    Contacts</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4pt; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">33</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Introduction</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John Hancock
is required by law to adopt a Code of Ethics. The purpose of a Code of Ethics is to ensure that companies and their Covered Persons
comply with all applicable laws and to prevent abuses in the investment advisory business that can arise when conflicts of interest
exist between the employees of an investment advisor and its clients. By adopting and enforcing a Code of Ethics, we strengthen
the trust and confidence entrusted in us by demonstrating that at John Hancock, client interests come first.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Code of
Ethics (the Code) that follows represents a balancing of important interests. On the one hand, as registered investment advisers,
the John Hancock Advisers owe a duty of undivided loyalty to their clients and must avoid even the appearance of a conflict that
might be perceived as abusing the trust they have placed in John Hancock. On the other hand, the John Hancock Advisers do not
want to prevent conscientious professionals from investing for their own accounts where conflicts do not exist or that are immaterial
to investment decisions affecting the John Hancock Advisers&rsquo; clients.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">When conflicting
interests cannot be reconciled, the Code makes clear that, first and foremost, Covered Persons owe a fiduciary duty to John Hancock
clients. In most cases, this means that the affected employee will be required to forego conflicting personal securities transactions.
In some cases, personal investments will be permitted, but only in a manner, which, because of the circumstances and applicable
controls, cannot reasonably be perceived as adversely affecting John Hancock client portfolios or taking unfair advantage of the
relationship John Hancock employees have to John Hancock clients.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Code contains
specific rules prohibiting defined types of conflicts. Since every potential conflict cannot be anticipated by the Code, it also
contains general provisions prohibiting conflict situations. In view of these general provisions, it is critical that any Covered
Person who is in doubt about the applicability of the Code in a given situation seek a determination from Chief Compliance Officer
(CCO), designee, or the Code of Ethics Administration Group about the propriety of the conduct in advance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">It is critical
that the Code be strictly observed. Not only will adherence to the Code ensure that John Hancock renders the best possible service
to its clients, it will help to ensure that no individual is liable for violations of law.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">It should
be emphasized that adherence to this policy is a fundamental condition of employment at John Hancock. Every Covered Person is
expected to adhere to the requirements of the Code despite any inconvenience that may be involved. Any Covered Person failing
to do so may be subject to disciplinary action, including financial penalties and termination of employment as determined by the
Chief Compliance Officer, designee, or Ethics Oversight Committee.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Standards
of Business Conduct</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Each Covered
Person within the John Hancock organization is responsible for maintaining the very highest ethical standards when conducting
our business.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">This means that
you must <B><U>at all times:</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Place
                                         the interests of clients first.</B> You have a fiduciary duty at all times to place the
                                         interests of our clients and fund investors first.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Conduct
                                         all personal trading in full compliance with this Code.</B> All of your personal securities
                                         transactions must be conducted consistent with the provisions of the Code that apply
                                         to you and in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest
                                         or other abuse of your position of trust and responsibility.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Avoid
                                         taking inappropriate advantage of your position at John Hancock.</B> You should not take
                                         inappropriate advantage of your position or engage in any fraudulent or manipulative
                                         practice (such as front-running or manipulative market timing) with respect to our clients&rsquo;
                                         accounts or fund investors.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Maintain
                                         confidentiality of our clients and John Hancock. </B>You must treat as confidential any
                                         information concerning the identity of security holdings and financial circumstances
                                         of clients or fund investors.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Comply
                                         with applicable Federal Securities Laws.</B> You must comply with all applicable federal
                                         Securities Laws.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Report
                                         any violation of the Code.</B> You must promptly report any violation of the Code that
                                         comes to your attention to the Chief Compliance Officer (or designee) of your company.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 2.45pt 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>It
is essential that you understand and comply with the general principles, noted above, in letter and in spirit as no set of rules
can anticipate every possible problem or conflict situation</B>. <B>Failure to comply with the general principles and the provisions
of the Code may result in disciplinary action, including termination of employment.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 2.45pt 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Applicability
and Scope</B></FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Individuals
subject to this policy will be notified by the CCO, designee, or the Code of Ethics Administration Group. Generally, if you meet
the requirements listed below, you are deemed an Access Person<SUP>1</SUP> and this Code applies to you<SUP>2</SUP>:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">a director,
                                         officer or other Supervised Person of a John Hancock Adviser;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">an
                                         interested director, officer or Access Person of John Hancock Funds, LLC, John Hancock
                                         Distributors, LLC, or a John Hancock open-end or closed-end fund registered under the
                                         1940 Act and are advised by a John Hancock Adviser;<SUP>3</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">an
                                         employee of Manulife Financial Corporation (MFC) or its subsidiaries who participates
                                         in making recommendations for, or receives information about, portfolio</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>&nbsp;</SUP></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>1</SUP> See the Definitions
section and contact a member of the Office of the CCO with any questions.</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>2</SUP> Access Persons
of John Hancock GA Mortgage Trust that are personnel of John Hancock Advisers, LLC are covered by this Code.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>3</SUP> Disinterested
Trustees of John Hancock open-end and closed-end funds registered under the 1940 Act and advised by a John Hancock Adviser are
subject to a separate Code of Ethics adopted by the Board of Trustees.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">trades
or holdings of the John Hancock Affiliated Funds.<SUP>4</SUP></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Access
Levels</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The requirements
of this policy will differ depending on your Access Level category. There are three categories for persons covered by the Code,
taking into account position, duties and access to information regarding fund portfolio trades.<SUP>5</SUP> You will receive notification
as to your particular category, based on the Code of Ethics Administration Group&rsquo;s understanding of your current role. If
you have a level of investment access beyond your assigned category, or if you are promoted or change duties and as a result should
more appropriately be included in a different category, it is your responsibility to notify the CCO, designee, or the Code of
Ethics Administration Group.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Please
note: If a specific Code provision (examples: personal investing restriction or limitations, pre-clearance obligation, or reporting
obligation, etc.) applies to the Access Person, it also applies to all Securities and Brokerage Accounts over which the Access
Person has Beneficial Ownership.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Access
Level 1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A person
who, in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations regarding the purchase
or sale of securities by the Fund or account.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><U>Examples (may include
but are not limited to):</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 66pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Portfolio Managers</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 66pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Analysts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 66pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Traders</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Access
Level 2</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A
person who, in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, has regular access to nonpublic information regarding any
clients&rsquo; purchase or sale of securities, nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any John Hancock Affiliated
Fund, is involved in making securities recommendations to clients, or has regular access to such recommendations that are nonpublic.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-indent: 21pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><U>Examples
(may include but are not limited to):</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-indent: 21pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54.05pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 34.25pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Office
                                         of the Chief Compliance Officer</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54.05pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Fund Administration</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54.05pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 12.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Investment
                                         Management Services</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>4</SUP> The preceding
excludes John Hancock Asset Management (U.S.) and John Hancock Asset Management (N.A.) each of whom have adopted their own Code
of Ethics in accordance with Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>5</SUP> The <I>Code of
Ethics Administration Group, Chief Compliance Officer (or designee)</I> may modify the requirements of this <I>Code</I> for those
<I>John Hancock Associates</I> whose covered status is expected not to exceed 90 days (for instance contractors, co-ops and interns)
or in instances where a person is subject to another Code of Ethics or fiduciary duty and where the modification is not otherwise
specifically prohibited by law. In reliance on an SEC no-action letter, the <I>Code of Ethics Administration Group</I> or <I>Chief
Compliance Officer</I> (or designee) may include in the definition of &ldquo;<I>John Hancock Associate&rdquo; </I>any person of
a <I>John Hancock Affiliate </I>who is engaged, directly or indirectly in John Hancock&rsquo;s investment advisory activities.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54.05pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 10.95pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Administrative
                                         Personnel for Access Level I Persons</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54.05pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 22.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Technology
                                         Resources Personnel (as designated)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54.05pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Legal Staff</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54.05pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Marketing (as designated)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Access
Level 3</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.1pt 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A
person who, in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, has periodic access to nonpublic information regarding any
clients&rsquo; purchase or sale of securities or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any John Hancock Affiliated
Fund.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.1pt 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 21.9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><U>Examples
(may include but are not limited to):</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 21.9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 53.95pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Marketing (as designated)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 53.95pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Product Development</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 53.95pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">E-Commerce</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 53.95pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Corporate Publishing</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 53.95pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 10.95pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Administrative
                                         Personnel for Access Level II Persons</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 53.95pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 10.95pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Technology
                                         Resources Personnel (as designated)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Overview
of Rules for All Access Persons</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">This
policy contains rules regarding your obligations to comply with federal Securities Laws and John Hancock&rsquo;s standards of
conduct. Access Persons are responsible for complying with the personal trading restrictions and obligations of their access designation
level including: Brokerage Account disclosure, personal trading restrictions, pre-clearance requirements, disclosure requirements,
and various reporting and certification requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Brokerage
Account Disclosure</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You must
use the Personal Trading Control Center (PTCC), the automated compliance system, to disclose all Brokerage Accounts that have
the capability to hold Reportable Securities including all Brokerage Accounts:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">of
                                         your own; regardless of what is currently held in the account,</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">of
                                         your spouse, Significant Other, minor children or family members sharing the same household
                                         (Household Family Member),</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">over
                                         which you have discretion or give advice or information, and/or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">in
                                         which your Household Family Member have Beneficial Ownership, or the opportunity to directly
                                         or indirectly profit or share in any profit derived from a Reportable Securities transaction.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Brokerage
Account Examples (non-exclusive list)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You need to report:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Brokerage
                                         Accounts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John
                                         Hancock 401(k) accounts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">MFC
                                         Global Share Ownership Plan (GSOP)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>




<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7; Value: 2 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Solium
                                         accounts (some if they hold reportable securities including options on MFC securities)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Self-directed
                                         IRA accounts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Custodial
                                         accounts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Mutual
                                         fund accounts*</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">College
                                         investment plans 529s*</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">401(k)/403(b)
                                         accounts*</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Dividend
                                         reinvestment program or dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Registered
                                         Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP/RESP/TFSA)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Stock
                                         Purchase accounts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">*if they have the
capability to hold John Hancock Affiliated Funds</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Employee
Compensation Instruments (non-exclusive list)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You need to report:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.9pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John Hancock 401(k)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.9pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">MFC Global Share Ownership Plan
                                         (GSOP)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.9pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Options acquired from MFC (only
                                         MFC Solium account options that are granted)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.9pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Public company employer as part
                                         of employee compensation</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.9pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Sole discretion accounts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.9pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Accounts holding John Hancock
                                         Affiliated Funds</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.9pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Certain Manulife Pension Plans
                                         (RPS, RRSP)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You are not responsible for reporting:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 21pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">MFC Restricted Share Units (RSU)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 21pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Deferred Share Units (DSU)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 21pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Performance Share Units (PSU)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 21pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">US John Hancock Pension Plans</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 21pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Employer phantom stock/phantom
                                         option interest (granted as compensation to employee, only employer can redeem interest
                                         and interest is non-transferrable)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">To prevent
any potential violations of the Code, you are strongly encouraged to request clarification for accounts that are in question from
the Code of Ethics Administration Group <U>INVDIVCodeofEthics@manulife.com</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>College
Savings Plans - 529s&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You must
report John Hancock affiliated 529 plans including both the Freedom 529 plan and any other 529 plans that can hold John Hancock
Affiliated Funds. You are not required to report transactions or holdings in 529 Plans for which the Adviser or a control affiliate
does not manage, distribute, market or underwrite the 529 Plan or the investments and strategies underlying the 529 Plan. If you
have any questions about this requirement, please contact the Code of Ethics Administration Group or a member of the Office of
the CCO.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>401(k)
and John Hancock Variable Products: John Hancock Affiliated Funds Reporting&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You must
report your holdings and trades in a John Hancock Affiliated Funds. This includes voluntary trades in your John Hancock affiliated
accounts such as your 401(k) and any external Brokerage Account.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">To comply
with this requirement, if you purchase a John Hancock variable product you must provide your contract or policy number to the
Code of Ethics Administration Group and if you have a John Hancock 401(k), you must you must enter the Brokerage Account on PTCC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Managed
Accounts&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Managed Accounts
are considered fully managed if neither Access Person nor Household Family Member has no direct influence or control. Prior to
the execution of Reportable Securities transactions in the Managed Account, you must obtain approval from the Chief Compliance
Officer (or designee). Once the Brokerage Account is approved as a Managed Account, in writing from the CCO (or designee) of the
Adviser/Trust, the transactions do not need to be pre-cleared. Exemption requests which pose a conflict of interest for the Chief
Compliance Officer (or designee) will be escalated to the Ethics Oversight Committee for review and consideration.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You may request
approval by disclosing the Brokerage Account in the automated compliance system, marking it as a Managed Account and by providing
the appropriate evidence as described below. You are required to provide evidence that you or your Household Family Member has
no direct or indirect influence or control including not being able to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Suggest
                                         that the trustee or third-party discretionary manager make any particular purchases or
                                         sales of Reportable Securities;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Direct
                                         the trustee or third-party discretionary manager to make any particular purchases or
                                         sales of Reportable Securities; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Consult
                                         with the trustee or third-party discretionary manager as to the particular allocation
                                         of investments to be made in your account.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You
may also be asked to periodically attest to the status of the Managed Account and provide electronic feeds or duplicate statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Preferred
Brokerage Account Requirements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You must
maintain your Brokerage Accounts at one of the preferred brokers approved by John Hancock. Upon designation as an Access Person,
you have 45 calendar days to (i) qualify any non-compliant Brokerage Account as an exempt account or (ii) transfer all assets
to a preferred broker and close the non- compliant account. Please note that you are not required to move 401(k) accounts. Exceptions
may be granted with the approval from the CCO, CCO&rsquo;s designee, or the Code of Ethics Administration Group. Requests for
exceptions to this policy must be submitted in writing to the Code of Ethics Administration Group. A list of the Preferred Brokers
can be found in the Appendix.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Opening/Closing
Accounts</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You
are required to report each transaction in any Reportable Security to the Code of Ethics Administration Group. To comply with
this requirement, you:</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 5.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Are
                                         required to notify the Code of Ethics Administration team within 10 days of opening or
                                         closing a Brokerage Account. In the case of a new Brokerage Account in which you have
                                         a beneficial interest, you must notify the Code of Ethics Administration Group before
                                         any trades are placed.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 5.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Are
                                         required by this Code and by the Insider Trading Policy to inform your broker-dealer
                                         that you are employed by a financial institution. Your broker- dealer is subject to certain
                                         rules designed to prevent favoritism toward your Brokerage Accounts. You may not accept
                                         negotiated commission rates that you believe may be more favorable than the broker grants
                                         to accounts with similar characteristics.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 5.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Must
                                         notify the broker-dealer if you are registered with the Financial Industry Regulatory
                                         Authority or are employed by John Hancock Funds, LLC or John Hancock Distributors, LLC.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Statements
and Duplicate Confirmations of Trades</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Code
of Ethics Administration Group may rely on information submitted by your broker as part of your reporting requirements under the
Code. Upon notification of your Brokerage Account, the Code of Ethics Administration Group will notify the broker-dealer to have
duplicate confirmations of any trade, as well as statements or other information concerning the Brokerage Account, sent to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John
Hancock Financial Services</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Attention:
General Funds Compliance</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">197
Clarendon Street, C-03-13</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Boston,
MA 02116</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Personal
Trading</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Personal
Trading is a privilege and must always come second to the fiduciary duty you owe to our clients. Below is a list of personal trading
restrictions for all Access Persons.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">All Access Persons <B>must</B>:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Disclose
                                         holdings in Reportable Securities (including John Hancock Affiliated Funds and John Hancock
                                         Variable Products)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Disclose
                                         Brokerage Accounts</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Pre-clear
                                         applicable Reportable Securities transactions</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Personal
Trading Restrictions for all Access Persons</B></FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">All Access Persons are <B>prohibited
</B>from:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Profiting
                                         from the purchase and sale of a John Hancock Affiliated Fund within 30 calendar days.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Engaging
                                         in speculative transactions involving MFC securities including: options, hedging or short
                                         sales involving securities issues by Manulife.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Transacting
                                         in securities that appear on the confidential John Hancock Restricted list (pre-clearance
                                         requests will be denied).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Transacting
                                         in Initial Public Offerings (IPOs), Private Placements, and Limited Offerings without
                                         obtaining proper pre-clearance approval.<SUP>6</SUP></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Transacting
                                         in securities while in possession of material nonpublic information including but not
                                         limited to: fund events, due diligence visits etc.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">An Access Person
who either directs 45 or more trades in a quarter or redeems shares of a John Hancock Affiliated Fund within 30 days of purchase,
should expect additional scrutiny of his or her trades and he or she may be subject to limitations on the number of trades allowed
during a given period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Reporting
and Pre-clearance</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">As an
Access Person, you are required to report to the Code of Ethics Administration Group each transaction in any Reportable Security.
You must ensure that all transactions (unless it is an Involuntary Issuer Transaction) and holdings in Reportable Securities are
properly reflected in the requisite initial, quarterly and annual reporting certifications. To facilitate the reporting process,
please ensure that you have properly disclosed your correct Brokerage Account information to the Code of Ethics Administration
Group in the automated compliance system, including the disclosure of participation in the John Hancock 401(k) and Manulife GSOP.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The transaction
and holding reporting requirement does not include John Hancock money market funds or any dividend reinvestment, payroll deduction,
systematic investment/withdrawal and/or other program trades. Please note that different requirements apply to shares of John
Hancock Affiliated Funds, including a 30-day holding period requirement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">As an
Access Person, in addition to your reporting obligations, you have pre-clearance obligations for certain securities, depending
on your Access Level group. Please see the appropriate access level below, for more detailed information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Level 1
Access Persons: Additional Personal Trading Restrictions and Disclosures</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Please
note, there are additional restrictions that apply to all Access Persons listed in the section entitled, &ldquo;<U>Personal Trading
Restrictions for All Access Persons</U>&rdquo;.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Level 1 Access Persons</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clear
                                         MFC Securities:</B> You must pre-clear all transactions in MFC securities including stock,
                                         company issued options, securities such as debt, and sell transactions in the MFC Global
                                         Share Ownership Plan.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clear all of the following
                                         securities:</B> You must pre-clear and receive approval prior to transactions in the
                                         following securities:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Stocks;
                                         including sell transactions of MFC Shares held in your Global Share Ownership Plan</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>&nbsp;</SUP></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>6</SUP> Please note,
Level 1 Access Persons and Registered Representatives are prohibited from purchasing IPOs.</FONT></P>




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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Bonds;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Government
                                         securities that are not direct obligations of the U.S. government, such as Fannie Mae,
                                         or municipal securities, in each case that mature in more than one year;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John
                                         Hancock Affiliated Funds;<SUP>7</SUP></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Closed-end
                                         funds (including John Hancock affiliated closed-end funds)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Options
                                         on securities, on indexes, and on currencies;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Swaps
                                         on securities, on indexes, and on currencies;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Limited
                                         partnerships;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exchange
                                         traded funds and notes;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Domestic
                                         unit investment trusts;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Non-US
                                         unit investment trusts and Non-US mutual funds;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Private
                                         investment funds and hedge funds; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Futures,
                                         investment contracts or any other instrument that is considered a &ldquo;security&rdquo;
                                         under the Securities Act of 1933;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Private
                                         Placements, limited offerings<SUP>8</SUP>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Ban
                                         on IPOs</B>: You may not acquire securities in an IPO. You may not purchase any newly-issued
                                         Reportable Security until it is listed on a public exchange.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Seven
                                         Day Blackout</B>: You are prohibited from buying or selling a Reportable Security within
                                         7 calendar days before or after that Reportable Security is traded for a fund that the
                                         Person manages or for a John Hancock Affiliated Fund unless no conflict of interest exists
                                         in relation to that Reportable Security as determined by the Code of Ethics Administration
                                         Group.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Gifting Reportable Securities</B>:
                                         If you gift or donate shares of a Reportable Security it is considered a sale and you
                                         must receive pre-clearance approval.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Inheriting Reportable Securities:
                                         </B>If you inherit shares of a Reportable Security you must notify the Code of Ethics
                                         Administration Group within 10 days.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>30 Day Hold John Hancock Affiliated
                                         Funds</B>: You cannot profit from the purchase and sale of a John Hancock Affiliated
                                         Funds within 30 calendar days.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>60 Day Hold:</B> You may not
                                         profit from the purchase and sale (or sale and purchase) of the same (or equivalent)
                                         Reportable Security (see note on John Hancock Affiliated Funds) within 60 calendar days,
                                         also known as a &ldquo;Ban on Short Term Profits&rdquo;.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exclusion: pre-clearance requests in
                                         a Reportable Security with a market capitalization of $5 billion or more would, in most
                                         cases, not be subject to the 60 day hold and would be approved if they are appropriately
                                         pre-cleared.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Ownership Ban: Securities of
                                         Subadvisers</B>: you are prohibited from owning securities of any subadviser of a John
                                         Hancock Affiliated Fund.<SUP>9</SUP></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Must
                                         promptly disclose</B>:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 25%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>&nbsp;</SUP></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>7</SUP> John Hancock
Affiliated open ended mutual funds do not require pre-clearance, only reporting. However, there are certain holding period requirements.
A list of John Hancock Affiliated Funds can be found on PTCC.</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>8</SUP> Level 1 Access
Persons are banned from participation in IPOs.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>9</SUP> MFC securities
are excluded from Level 1 &amp;Level 2 subadviser ownership prohibition. The list of securities of subadvisers can be found on
the automated compliance system or upon request from the CCO.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Ownership
                                         of Securities Under Consideration for John Hancock Affiliated Fund</B>: Any direct or
                                         indirect beneficial interest in a Reportable Security that is under consideration for
                                         purchase or sale in a John Hancock Affiliated Fund.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Private
                                         Placement Conflicts</B>: You must disclose holdings of any Reportable Securities purchased
                                         in a private placement when you participate in a decision to purchase or sell that same
                                         issuer&rsquo;s securities for a John Hancock Affiliated Fund.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Restriction on Securities Under
                                         Active Consideration</B>: You are prohibited from buying or selling a Reportable Security
                                         if the Reportable Security is being actively traded by a John Hancock Affiliated Fund.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exceptions:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 90pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&#9642;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>De Minimis Trading</B>: pre-clearance
                                         requests for 500 shares or less of a particular Reportable Security within a market value
                                         of $25M or less, aggregated daily, would, in most cases, not be subject to the 7-day
                                         blackout period restrictions and the restriction on actively traded securities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 90pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&#9642;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Market Cap Securities</B>:
                                         pre-clearance requests in a Reportable Security with a market capitalization of $5B or
                                         more would not be subject to the blackout period restrictions and the restriction on
                                         actively traded securities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clearance of Exchange Traded
                                         Funds/Exchange Traded Notes (ETF/ETN) and Options on Reportable Securities: </B>you are
                                         required to pre-clear ETFs, ETNs and Options on Reportable Securities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 72pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exceptions
                                         to the pre-clearance requirement for ETF/ETN or options on Reportable Securities (provided
                                         it is not a John Hancock Affiliated Fund):</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 108pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">has an
                                         average market capitalization of $5 billion or more;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 108pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">is based
                                         on a non-covered security;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 108pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">or is based
                                         on a Broad-Based Index.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Prohibition on Investment Clubs,
                                         Good Until Canceled Orders, or Limit Orders</B>: You may not participate in:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">investment clubs,</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&ldquo;good until cancelled orders&rdquo;,
                                         or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&ldquo;limit orders&rdquo; unless the
                                         limit orders are day orders that automatically expire at the end of the trading day and
                                         cancel any orders that have not been executed.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: italic 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Investment
Professionals Only</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Level
1 Access Persons who are &ldquo;Investment Professionals&rdquo; (Analysts and Portfolio Managers) must disclose the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Ownership
                                         of 5% or Greater</B>: 5% or greater interest in a company, John Hancock Affiliated Funds
                                         and its affiliates may not make any investment in that company;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Ownership
                                         of 1% or greater</B> 1% or greater interest in a company, you cannot participate in any
                                         decision by John Hancock Funds and its affiliates to buy or sell that company&rsquo;s
                                         securities;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>ANY
                                         </B>other interest in a company, you cannot recommend or participate in a</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>




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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->13<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">decision
by John Hancock Affiliated Funds, and its affiliates to buy or sell that company&rsquo;s securities unless your personal interest
is fully disclosed at all stages of the investment decision.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">In such instances,
you must initially disclose that beneficial interest orally to the primary portfolio manager (or other appropriate analyst) of
the Affiliated Fund or account or the appropriate Chief Investment Officer. Following the oral disclosure, you must send a written
acknowledgement to the primary portfolio manager with a copy to the Code of Ethics Administration Group.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Level 2
Access Persons: Additional Personal Trading Restrictions and Disclosures&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Please note, there are additional
restrictions that apply to all Access Persons listed in the section entitled, &ldquo;<U>Personal Trading Restrictions for All
Access Persons</U>&rdquo;.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Level 2 Access Persons:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clear MFC Securities:</B>
                                         You must pre-clear all transactions in MFC securities including stock, company issued
                                         options, sell transactions in the MFC Global Share Ownership Plan, and any other securities
                                         such as debt.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clear the following securities:
                                         </B>You must pre-clear and receive approval prior to transactions in the following securities:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Stocks;
                                         including sell transactions of MFC Shares held in your Global Share Ownership Plan</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Bonds;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Government
                                         securities that are not direct obligations of the U.S. government, such as Fannie Mae,
                                         or municipal securities, in each case that mature in more than one year;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John
                                         Hancock Affiliated Funds;<SUP>10</SUP></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Closed-end
                                         funds (including John Hancock affiliated closed-end funds)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Options
                                         on securities, on indexes, and on currencies;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Swaps
                                         on securities, on indexes, and on currencies;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Limited
                                         partnerships;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exchange
                                         traded funds and notes;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Domestic
                                         unit investment trusts;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Non-US
                                         unit investment trusts and Non-US mutual funds;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Private
                                         investment funds and hedge funds; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Futures,
                                         investment contracts or any other instrument that is considered a &ldquo;security&rdquo;
                                         under the Securities Act of 1933;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">IPOs<SUP>11</SUP>,
                                         Private Placements, limited offerings.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Three Day Blackout Period</B>:
                                         You are prohibited from knowingly buying or selling a Reportable Security within three
                                         calendar days before and after that Reportable Security is traded for a John Hancock
                                         Affiliated Fund unless no conflict of interest</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 25%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>&nbsp;</SUP></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>10</SUP> John Hancock
Affiliated open ended mutual funds do not require pre-clearance, only reporting. However, there are certain holding period requirements.</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>11</SUP> Level 1 Access
Persons are banned from participation in IPOs.</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">exists in relation
to that Reportable Security as determined by the Code of Ethics Administration Group.</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Gifting Reportable Securities</B>:
                                         If you gift or donate shares of a Reportable Security the transaction is considered a
                                         sale and you must receive pre-clearance approval.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Inheriting Reportable Securities:
                                         </B>If you inherit shares of a Reportable Security you must notify the Code of Ethics
                                         Administration Group within 10 days.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>30 Day Hold John Hancock Affiliated
                                         Funds</B>: You cannot profit from the purchase and sale of a John Hancock Affiliated
                                         Funds within 30 calendar days.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>60 Day Hold:</B> You may not
                                         profit from the purchase and sale (or sale and purchase) of the same (or equivalent)
                                         Reportable Security within 60 calendar days, also known as a &ldquo;Ban on Short Term
                                         Profits&rdquo;.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exclusion: pre-clearance requests in
                                         a Reportable Security with a market capitalization of $5 billion or more would, in most
                                         cases, not be subject to the Ban on Short Term Profits, and would be approved if they
                                         are appropriately pre-cleared.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Ownership Ban: Securities of
                                         Subadvisers</B>: you are prohibited from owning securities of any subadviser of a John
                                         Hancock Affiliated Fund.<SUP>12</SUP></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Restriction on Securities Under
                                         Active Consideration</B>: You are prohibited from buying or selling a Reportable Security
                                         if the security is being actively traded by a John Hancock Affiliated Fund.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exceptions:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 90pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&#9642;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>De Minimis Trading</B>: pre-clearance
                                         requests for 500 shares or less of a particular Reportable Security within a market value
                                         of $25M or less, aggregated daily, would, in most cases, not be subject to the 7-day
                                         blackout period restrictions and the restriction on actively traded securities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 90pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&#9642;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Market Cap Securities</B>:
                                         pre-clearance requests in a Reportable Security with a market capitalization of $5B or
                                         more would not be subject to the blackout period restrictions and the restriction on
                                         actively traded securities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clearance of Exchange Traded
                                         Funds/Exchange Traded Notes (ETF/ETN) and Options on Reportable Securities: </B>you are
                                         required to pre-clear ETFs, ETNs and Options on Reportable Securities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 72pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exceptions
                                         to the pre-clearance requirement for ETF/ETN or options on Reportable Securities (provided
                                         it is not a John Hancock Affiliated Fund):</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 108pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&#9642;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">has
                                         an average market capitalization of $5 billion or more;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 108pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&#9642;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">is
                                         based on a non-covered security;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 108pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&#9642;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">or
                                         is based on a Broad-Based Index.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Prohibition on Investment Clubs,
                                         Good Until Canceled Orders, or Limit Orders</B>: You may not participate in:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">investment
                                         clubs,</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&ldquo;good
                                         until cancelled orders&rdquo;, or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&ldquo;limit
                                         orders&rdquo; unless the limit orders are day orders that automatically expire</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>&nbsp;</SUP></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><SUP>12</SUP> MFC securities
are excluded from Level 1 &amp;Level 2 subadviser ownership prohibition. The list of securities of subadvisers can be found on
the automated compliance system or upon request from the CCO.</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">at
the end of the trading day and cancel any orders that have not been executed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Level 3
Access Persons: Additional Personal Trading Restrictions and Disclosures</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Please note, there are additional
restrictions that apply to all Access Persons listed in the section entitled, &ldquo;<U>Personal Trading Restrictions for All
Access Persons</U>&rdquo;.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Level 3 Access Persons:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clear
                                         transactions in</B>:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 72pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">closed-end
                                         funds and exchange traded funds advised by a John Hancock Adviser</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 72pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">transactions
                                         in IPOs</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 72pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">private
                                         placements and limited offerings.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Gift
                                         or Donation of Reportable Securities: </B>You must obtain pre-clearance approval prior
                                         to gifting or donating any Reportable Securities transactions that would require pre-clearance.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Inheritance
                                         of Reportable Securities:</B> If you inherit shares of a Reportable Security you must
                                         notify the Code of Ethics Administration Group within 10 days.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>30 Day Hold John Hancock Affiliated
                                         Funds</B>: You cannot profit from the purchase and sale of a John Hancock Affiliated
                                         Funds within 30 calendar days.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">An Access
level III Person is not required to pre-clear other trades. However, please keep in mind that an Access level III Person is required
to report Reportable Securities transactions after every trade (even those that are not required to be pre-cleared) by requiring
your broker to submit duplicate confirmation statements or electronic feeds to the Code of Ethics Administration Group. You must
also ensure that all transactions in Reportable Securities are properly reported on your quarterly transaction/annual holdings
certification.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Pre-clearance
Process</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 17.95pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You may request a trade
pre-clearance through the automated compliance system, PTCC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 17.95pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Please note that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23.1pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You
                                         may not trade until clearance approval is received.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23.1pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 14.6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Clearance
                                         approval is valid only for the date granted (i.e. the pre-clearance requested date and
                                         the trade date should be the same).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23.1pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 21.9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 46.65pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A
                                         separate procedure should be followed for requesting pre-clearance of an IPO, a private
                                         placement, or a limited offering in PTCC.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Certain
transactions in securities that would normally require pre-clearance are exempt from the pre-clearance requirement in the following
situations: (1) shares are being purchased as part of an Automatic Investment Plan; (2) shares are being purchased as part of
a dividend reinvestment plan; or (3) transactions are being made in a</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Managed/discretionary
account, an account over which you have designated a third party as having sole discretion to trade (you must have approval from
the Chief Compliance Officer (or designee) to establish a discretionary account).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Reporting
and Certification Requirements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Reporting</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">All Access Persons, regardless
of their level, must complete and submit reports and certifications to compliance using PTCC, the automated compliance system,
in an accurate and timely manner as described below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Reporting
Upon Designation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Within <B>10 calendar days
</B>after designation as an Access Person, you must complete and submit to compliance using PTCC:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Initial
                                         Holdings Report:</B> A report of all Brokerage Accounts (please see the definition section)
                                         that hold or have the ability to hold any Reportable Securities and all Reportable Securities
                                         holdings current as of the date you became an Access Person.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Initial
                                         Certification of Compliance</B>: Certify to your understanding of the Code of Ethics.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Initial
                                         Training</B>: Certify that you have attended a training on the Code of Ethics Policy.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Quarterly
Reporting</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Within <B>30 calendar days
</B>after the end of each calendar quarter, you must complete and submit to compliance using PTCC:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Quarterly
                                         Certification:</B> a report of all Brokerage Accounts and all transactions in Reportable
                                         Securities (including transactions in John Hancock Affiliated Funds, including sell transactions
                                         in your Global Share Ownership Plan (GSOP) and voluntary transactions, such as fund exchanges,
                                         in your John Hancock 401(k)).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Managed
                                         Account Certification: </B>A certification of related to your Managed Accounts (only
                                         if applicable).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Additional
transaction notes:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">All
                                         transactions in John Hancock Affiliated Funds and Variable Products must be reported.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Only
                                         sell transactions of MFC stock in your Global Share Ownership Plan (GSOP) need to be
                                         reported.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Only
                                         voluntary transactions, such as fund exchanges, need to be reported for transactions
                                         in your John Hancock 401(k) Savings account.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">For each Brokerage Account
you must certify that the following information is captured accurately:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Account number</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Brokerage Firm</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">For each transaction required
to be reported you must certify the following information was captured accurately:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">the date of the transaction, the
                                         title, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, interest rate and
                                         maturity date, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security involved;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">the nature of the transaction (i.e.
                                         purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">the price at which the transaction
                                         was effected;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">the name of the broker, dealer
                                         or bank with or through which the transaction was effected.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Annual
Reporting</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">At a date designated
by the Code of Ethics Administration Group, at least annually (or additionally when the Code has been materially changed), you
must complete and submit to compliance:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 22.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 22.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Annual
                                         Holdings Report: </B>disclosing all of your Brokerage Accounts that hold or can hold
                                         any Reportable Securities and all holdings in Reportable Securities, current as of a
                                         date not more than 45 days before the report is submitted.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 56.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John
                                         Hancock Affiliated Funds &amp; Variable Products holdings must be reported, regardless
                                         of where they are held.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 56.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 15.6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">o</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Global
                                         Share Ownership holdings of Manulife Financial Corporation, Inc. (MFC) stock must be
                                         reported.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 22.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 22.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Annual
                                         (or additionally when the Code has been materially changed) Certification of Code of
                                         Ethics:</B> acknowledging that you have received, read, and complied with the requirements
                                         of the Code of Ethics.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Ad Hoc
Reporting</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Throughout
the year you must complete and submit to compliance:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Brokerage
                                         Account Changes</B>: You are required to promptly notify (within 10 days) Compliance
                                         of any applicable account changes.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Changes
                                         to the Code of Ethics: </B>You are required to complete an additional certification of
                                         compliance stating that you read, received and understood material changes to the Code
                                         of Ethics.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Administration
and Enforcement</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Administration
of the Code</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Subadviser
Compliance</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A subadviser
to a John Hancock Affiliated Fund has a number of Code of Ethics responsibilities:</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG width="100%" SRC="image009.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 17.95pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
                                         subadviser must have adopted their own code of ethics in accordance with Rule 204A-1(b)
                                         under the Advisers Act which has been approved by the Board of Trustees;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 17.95pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">On
                                         a quarterly basis, each subadviser certifies compliance with their Code of Ethics or
                                         reports material violations if such have occurred; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 17.95pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Each
                                         sub-advisor must report quarterly to the Chief Compliance Officer (or designee), any
                                         material changes to its Code of Ethics.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Adoption
and Approval</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Board of
a John Hancock Affiliated Fund, including a majority of the Fund&rsquo;s Independent Board Members, must approve the Code of Ethics
of the Fund&rsquo;s adviser, subadviser or principal underwriter (if an affiliate of the underwriter serves as a Board member
or officer of the Fund or the adviser) before initially retaining its services.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Each material
change to a Code of Ethics of a subadviser to a fund must be approved by the Board of the John Hancock Affiliated Fund, including
a majority of the Fund&rsquo;s Independent Board Members, no later than six months after adoption of the material change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Board may
only approve the Code if they determine that the Code:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Contains provisions reasonably
                                         necessary to prevent the subadviser&rsquo;s Access Persons (as defined in Rule 17j-1
                                         under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act) from engaging in any conduct
                                         prohibited by Rule 17j-1 and 204A-1;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Requires
                                         the subadviser&rsquo;s Access Persons to make reports to at least the extent required
                                         in Rule 17j-1(d) and Rule 204A-1(b);</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Requires
                                         the subadviser to institute appropriate procedures for review of these reports by management
                                         or compliance personnel (as contemplated by Rule 17j-1(d)(3) and Rule 204 A- 1(a)(3));</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Provides
                                         for notification of the subadviser&rsquo;s Access Persons in accordance with Rule 17j-1(d)(4)
                                         and Rule 204A-1(a)(5);</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Requires
                                         the subadviser&rsquo;s Access Persons who are Investment Personnel to obtain the pre-
                                         clearances required by Rule 17j-1(e); and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Requires
                                         the subadviser&rsquo;s Access Persons to obtain the pre-clearances required by Rule 204A-
                                         1(c).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Chief
Compliance Officer of the John Hancock Affiliated Funds oversees each of the fund&rsquo;s subadviser&rsquo;s to ensure compliance
with each of the provisions included in this section.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Subadviser
Reporting &amp; Recordkeeping Requirements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Each
subadviser completes an annual Code of Ethics questionnaire and certification as to their compliance under Rule 17j-1 and summary
of any violation to the relevant John Hancock Adviser, whom present summaries to the Board of Trustees during their June meeting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Reporting
to the Board</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">No
less frequently than annually, the Office of the CCO will furnish to the Board of Trustees a written
report that:</FONT></P>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">describes
                                         issues that arose during the previous year under the Code of Ethics or the related procedures,
                                         including, but not limited to, information about material Code or procedure violations,
                                         as well as any sanctions imposed in response to the material violations, and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">certifies
                                         that each entity, including the subadvisers have adopted procedures reasonably necessary
                                         to prevent its Access Persons from violating its Code of Ethics,</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Any
                                         material changes to the Code are presented to the Trustees within six months for their
                                         approval.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Chief
Compliance Officer of the John Hancock Affiliated Funds oversees each of the fund&rsquo;s subadviser&rsquo;s to ensure compliance
with each of the provisions included in this section.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Reporting
Violations</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">If
you know of any violation of the Code, you have a responsibility to promptly report it to the Chief Compliance Officer of your
company. You should also report any deviations from the controls and procedures that safeguard John Hancock and the assets of
our clients.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Since
we cannot anticipate every situation that will arise, it is important that we have a way to approach questions and concerns. Always
ask first, act later. If you are unsure of what to do in any situation, seek guidance before you act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Speak
to your manager, a member of the Human Resources Department or Law Department or your divisional compliance officer if you have:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 30.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">a
                                         doubt about a particular situation;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 30.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">a
                                         question or concern about a business practice; or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 30.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">a
                                         question about potential conflicts of interest</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You
may report suspected or potential illegal or unethical behavior without fear of retaliation. John Hancock does not permit retaliation
of any kind for good faith reports of illegal or unethical behavior. Concerns about potential or suspected illegal or unethical
behavior should be referred to a member of the Human Resources or Law Department. John Hancock relies on the Manulife Code of
Business Conduct which advises that unethical, unprofessional, illegal, fraudulent or other questionable behavior may also be
reported by calling a confidential toll-free Ethics Hotline at 1-866-294-9534 or at <B>www.ManulifeEthics.com</B>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Exemptions
&amp; Appeals</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exemptions:
to the Code may be granted by the Chief Compliance Officer (or designee) where supported by applicable facts and circumstances.
If you believe that you have a situation that warrants an exemption to any of the rules and restrictions of this Code you need
to complete a &ldquo;Code of Ethics Exemption Request Form&rdquo; to request approval from the Chief Compliance Officer (or designee).</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Exemption
requests which pose a conflict of interest for the Chief Compliance Officer will be escalated to the Ethics Oversight Committee
for review and consideration.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Appeals:
</B>If you believe that your request has been incorrectly denied or that an action is not warranted, you may appeal the decision.
To make an appeal, you need to give the CCO (or designee) of the Adviser/Trust a written explanation of your reasons for appeal
within 30 days of the date that you were informed of the decision. Be sure to include any extenuating circumstances or other factors
not previously considered. During the review process, you may, at your own expense, engage an attorney to represent you. The Code
of Ethics Administration Group may arrange for Ethics Oversight Committee or other parties to be part of the review process.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Interpretation
and Enforcement</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
Code cannot anticipate every situation in which personal interests may be in conflict with the interests of our clients and fund
investors. You should be responsive to the spirit and intent of the Code as well as its specific provisions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">When
any doubt exists regarding any Code provision or whether a conflict of interest with clients or fund investors might exist, you
should discuss the situation in advance with the Chief Compliance Officer (or designee) of your company. The Code is designed
to detect and prevent fraud against clients and fund investors, and to avoid the appearance of impropriety.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
Chief Compliance Officer has general administrative responsibility for the Code as it applies to the covered employees; an appropriate
member of the Code of Ethics Administration Group will administer procedures to review personal trading activity. The Code of
Ethics Administration Group also regularly reviews the forms and reports it receives. If these reviews uncover information that
is incomplete, questionable, or potentially in violation of the rules in this document, the Code of Ethics Administration Group
will investigate the matter and may contact you.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
Board of the John Hancock Affiliated Funds approve material amendments to the Code and authorize sanctions imposed on Access Persons
of the Funds. Accordingly, the Code of Ethics Administration Group will refer violations to the CCO of the Trust/Adviser (or designee)
for further review and action, including determination if the matter should be presented to the Ethics Oversight Committee and/or
the Board of Trustees for recommended action.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.3pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
following factors will be considered when determining a fine or other disciplinary action:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.7pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">the
                                         person&rsquo;s position and function (senior personnel may be held to a higher standard);</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.7pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">the
                                         amount of the trade;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.7pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">whether
                                         the John Hancock Affiliated Funds hold the security and were trading the same day;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.7pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">whether
                                         the violation was by a family member;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.7pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">whether
                                         the person has had a prior violation and which policy was involved; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.7pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.7pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.3pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">whether
                                         the employee self-reported the violation.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John
Hancock takes all rule violations seriously and, at least once a year, provides the Board of the John Hancock Affiliated Funds
with a summary of all material violations and sanctions, significant conflicts of interest and other related issues for their
review. Sanctions for violations could include (but are not limited to) fines, disgorgement, limitations on personal trading activity,
suspension or termination of the Covered Person&rsquo;s position with John Hancock and/or a report to the appropriate regulatory
authority.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You
should be aware that other Securities Laws and regulations not addressed by the Code may also apply to you, depending on your
role at John Hancock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
CCO of the Adviser/Trust (or designee) and the Ethics Oversight Committee retain the discretion to interpret the Code&rsquo;s
provisions and to decide how they apply to any given situation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Education
of Employees</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">This
Code constitutes the Code of Ethics required by Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and by Rule 204A-1 under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The Code of Ethics Administration Group will provide a paper copy or electronic version of the
Code (and any amendments) to each person subject to the Code. The Code of Ethics Administration Group will also administer training
to employees on the principles and procedures of the Code and other related policies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Recordkeeping</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
Code of Ethics Administration Group will maintain a:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 4.5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Copy
                                         of the current Code for John Hancock and a copy of each Code of Ethics in effect at any
                                         time within the past five years.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Record
                                         of any violation of the Code, and of any action taken as a result of the violation, for
                                         six years.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Copy
                                         of each report made by an Access Person under the Code, for six years (the first two
                                         years in a readily accessible place).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Record
                                         of all persons, currently or within the past five years, who are or were, required to
                                         make reports under the Code. This record will also indicate who was responsible for reviewing
                                         these reports.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Record
                                         of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, to approve the acquisition
                                         by an Access Level I Persons of IPOs or private placement securities, for six years.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 31.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Record
                                         of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, to approve the acquisition
                                         by an Access Person of the John Hancock Advisers IPOs or private placement
securities, for six years.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>





<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Other Important
Policies</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The John Hancock
Affiliated Funds have additional policies or may rely on certain MFC policies. Summary excerpts of such policies are listed below
please review each full policy for additional details.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>MFC Code
of Business Conduct &amp; Ethics (All Covered Employees)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The MFC Code
of Business Conduct and Ethics (the MFC Code) provides standards for ethical behavior when representing the Company and when dealing
with employees, field representatives, customers, investors, external suppliers, competitors, government authorities and the public.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The MFC Code
applies to directors, officers and employees of MFC, its subsidiaries and controlled affiliates. Sales representatives and third-party
business associates are also expected to abide by all applicable provisions of the MFC Code and adhere to the principles and values
set out in the MFC Code when representing Manulife to the public or performing services for, or on behalf of, Manulife.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Other important
issues in the MFC Code include:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">MFC
                                         values;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Ethics
                                         in workplace;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Ethics
                                         in business relationships;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Conflicts
                                         of Interest;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Handling
                                         information;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Receiving
                                         or giving of gifts, entertainment or favors;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Misuse
                                         or misrepresentation of your corporate position;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Disclosure
                                         of confidential or proprietary information;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Disclosure
                                         of outside business activities;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Antitrust
                                         activities; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Political
                                         campaign contributions and expenditures relating to public officials.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John Hancock
Conflicts of Interest Policy (All Covered Employees)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Conflicts
of Interest are both inherent to the investment advisory business and also exist as a result of our unique organizational structure.
The Conflicts of Interest Policy governs organizational/Adviser conflicts, rather than personal conflicts (such as outside business
activities or gifts and entertainment). Our fiduciary obligation as an adviser to the Funds requires us to effectively disclose
and/or manage these conflicts, which we do today through various documents and controls, and ultimately to act in the best interest
of our clients and the Fund shareholders.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John Hancock
Gift &amp; Entertainment Policy (All Covered Employees)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You are subject
to the Gift and Entertainment Policy for the John Hancock Advisers which is designed to prevent the appearance of an impropriety,
potential conflict of interest or improper payment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Gift &amp; Entertainment Policy
covers many issues relating to giving and accepting of gifts and entertainment when dealing with business partners, such as:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 26.25pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Gift &amp; Business Entertainment
                                         Limits</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Restrictions on Gifts &amp; Entertainment</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 27pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Reporting of Gifts &amp; Entertainment</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John Hancock
Insider Trading Policy (All Covered Employees)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The antifraud
provisions of the federal Securities Laws generally prohibit persons with material nonpublic information from trading on or communicating
the information to others. Sanctions for violations can include civil injunctions, permanent bars from the securities industry,
civil penalties up to three times the profits made or losses avoided, criminal fines and jail sentences. While Access Level I
Persons are most likely to come in contact with material nonpublic information, the rules (and sanctions) in this area apply to
all persons covered under this code and extend to activities both related and unrelated to your job duties.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 6.95pt 12pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
John Hancock Insider Trading Policy (the Insider Trading Policy) covers a number of important issues, such as:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 6.95pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 19.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 17.95pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Possession,
                                         misuse and access to material nonpublic information</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John Hancock
Pay to Play Rule on Political Contributions (All Covered Associates)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Pay
to Play rule restricts Investment Advisers and certain employees who fall within the definition of Covered Associates from making
contributions to elected officials (including incumbents, candidates, or successful candidates for an elective office of a government
entity) who may be able to influence the selection of the investment adviser to manage the assets of government entities (any
state or political subdivision of a state). The rule has three primary elements:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A two-year
                                         prohibition on an adviser&rsquo;s providing compensated investment advisory services
                                         to a government entity after a contribution has been made by the adviser or one of its
                                         covered associates;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A prohibition
                                         on the use of third-party solicitors who are not themselves regulated persons subject
                                         to pay-to-play restrictions on political contributions; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A prohibition
                                         on bundling and other efforts by advisers to solicit political contributions to certain
                                         officials of a government entity to which the adviser is seeking to provide services.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Sanctions
for violating the rule include a prohibition from receiving compensation for providing advisory services to a fund in which such
government entity&rsquo;s participant-directed plan or program invests for two years thereafter, otherwise known as a &ldquo;time-out&rdquo;
period.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John Hancock
Whistleblower Policy (All Covered Employees)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The Committees
of the mutual funds&rsquo; Board of Trustees investigate improprieties or suspected improprieties in the operations of the Funds
and has established procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of John Hancock Advisers, LLC and John
Hancock Investment Management Services, LLC. (collectively the &ldquo;Advisers&rdquo;) or any other provider of services to the
Funds or Advisers of complaints regarding accounting, internal accounting controls, auditing matters or violations of the Securities
Laws. The objective of this policy is to provide a mechanism by which complaints and concerns regarding accounting, internal accounting
controls, auditing matters or violations of Securities Laws may be raised and addressed without the fear or threat of retaliation.
The funds desire and expect that the employees and officers of the Advisers, or any other service provider to the funds will report
any complaints or concerns they may have regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Persons may
submit complaints or concerns to the attention of funds&rsquo; Chief Compliance Officer (or designee) by sending a letter or other
writing to the funds&rsquo; principal executive offices, by telephone call to or an email to the Ethics Hotline, Ethics Hotline
can be reached at 1-866-294-9534, or through the Ethicspoint website at www.manulifeethics.com. The Ethics Hotline and Ethicspoint
website are operated by an independent third party, which maintains the anonymity of all complaints.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Complaints and
concerns may be made anonymously to the funds&rsquo; Chief Compliance Officer (or designee) or the respective Committee&rsquo;s
Chairperson. Furthermore, nothing in this policy prohibits reporting possible violations of applicable law or regulation to any
governmental agency or entity, including but not limited to the Department of Justice, the Securities and Exchange Commission,
the Congress, and any agency Inspector General, or making other disclosures that are protected under the whistleblower provisions
of applicable law or regulation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Policy
and Procedures Regarding Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings (All Covered Employees)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">It is our policy
not to disclose nonpublic information regarding Fund portfolio holdings except in the limited circumstances noted in this Policy.
You can only provide nonpublic information regarding portfolio holdings to any person, including affiliated persons, on a &ldquo;need
to know&rdquo; basis (<I>i.e., </I>the person receiving the information must have a legitimate business purpose for obtaining
the information prior to it being publicly available and you must have a legitimate business purpose for disclosing the information
in this manner). We consider nonpublic information regarding Fund portfolio holdings to be confidential and the intent of the
policy and procedures is to guard against selective disclosure of such information in a manner that would not be in the best interest
of Fund shareholders.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Additional
Policies Outside the Code (All Covered Employees)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #1F3763; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Policy Regarding Dissemination
                                         of Mutual Fund Portfolio Information</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Manulife Financial Corporation
                                         Anti-Fraud Policy</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John Hancock Anti-Money Laundering
                                         (AML) and Anti-Terrorist Financing (ATF) Program</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Conflict of Interest Rules for
                                         Directors and Officers</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">John Hancock Non-Cash Compensation
                                         Policy</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Appendix</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Definitions</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Access Person:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">You
are an &ldquo;Access Person&rdquo; if you are a &ldquo;Supervised Person&rdquo; who has access to nonpublic information regarding
any client&rsquo;s purchase or sale of securities, or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any John Hancock
Affiliated Fund, or who is involved in making securities recommendations to clients, or who has access to such recommendations
that are nonpublic.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Automatic
Investment Plan:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Means
a program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance
with a predetermined schedule and allocation. An Automatic Investment Plan includes a dividend reinvestment plan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Beneficial
Ownership:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Means
the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit (for loss) derived from a Reportable Securities transaction.
This includes Reportable Securities held by an Access Person&rsquo;s Household Family Member and Covered Securities held through
certain family trusts, family custodial accounts, entities controlled by the Access Person, portfolios from which the Supervised
Person may receive a performance fee, and other circumstances in which the Access Person may profit, directly or indirectly through
any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise, from transactions in the respective Reportable Securities,
as defined further in Rule 16a-1 (a) (2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Broad-Based
Index:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">For the
purposed of this Code a Broad-Based Index will include the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.75pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 25.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.55pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 11pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">the
                                         S&amp;P 100, S&amp;P Midcap 400, S&amp;P 500, FTSE 100, and Nikkei 225;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 25.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.55pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 11pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Direct
                                         obligations of the U.S. Government (e.g., treasury securities)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 25.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.55pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 11pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Indirect
                                         obligations of the U.S. Government with a maturity of less than 1 year (GNMA)</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 25.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.55pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 11pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Commodities;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 25.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.55pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 11pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Foreign
                                         currency</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Brokerage Account:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Any of your accounts:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Which have the capability to hold
                                         Reportable Securities;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Accounts
                                         of your spouse, Significant Other, minor children or family members sharing your household
                                         (together, &ldquo;Household Members&rdquo;);</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Accounts
                                         in which you or your Household Members have a Beneficial Ownership;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Accounts
                                         over which you have discretion, give advice or information or have Power of Attorney
                                         (POA).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Covered
Person</B>:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Includes
all &ldquo;Access Persons&rdquo; as defined under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended (the &ldquo;1940 Act&rdquo;), and &ldquo;Supervised Persons&rdquo; as defined under SEC Rule 204A-1 under
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the &ldquo;Advisers Act&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Household
Family Member:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">An
Access Person&rsquo;s spouse, Significant Other, minor children, or other family member who also shares the same household as
the Access Person.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Investment Professionals:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Means a Supervised
Person who are either Portfolio Managers, Analysts, and Traders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Involuntary
Issuer Transaction:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Transaction
where the account owner has not determined the timing as to when the purchase or sale transaction will occur or the amount of
shares purchased or sold, i.e. making changes to existing positions or asset allocations within the John Hancock retirement plans,
buying or selling shares of a Reportable Security, etc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Involuntary Issuer
Transactions <U>include</U>:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black">transactions which result from
                                         a corporate action applicable to all similar security holders (such as splits, tender
                                         offers, mergers, stock dividends, etc.); or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: Black; background-color: white">automatic
                                         dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan acquisitions.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Please
note: any transaction that overrides the pre-set schedule or allocations must be included in a quarterly transaction report.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Affiliated Fund:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">For
the purposes of this Code, a John Hancock Affiliated Fund shall include both:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">a
                                         &ldquo;John Hancock Mutual Fund&rdquo; (i.e., a 1940 Act mutual fund that is advised
                                         or sub-advised by a John Hancock Adviser or by another Manulife entity); or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&ldquo;John
                                         Hancock Variable Product&rdquo; (i.e., contracts funded by insurance company separate
                                         accounts that use one or more portfolios of John Hancock Variable Insurance Trust).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Any
                                         other financial product or security advised or sub-advised by a John Hancock Adviser
                                         or John Hancock Insurance or another Manulife entity.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">The
definition for John Hancock Affiliated Fund does not include John Hancock money market funds. A list of John Hancock Affiliated
Funds can be found on PTCC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>John
Hancock Variable Products:</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Contracts
funded by insurance company separate accounts that use one or more portfolios of John Hancock Variable Insurance Trust.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Managed
Account:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Any
account over which neither you nor a Household Family Member has direct or indirect influence or control and cannot a) suggest
purchases or sales of investments to the trustee or third-party discretionary manager; b) direct purchases or sales of investments;
or c) consult with the trustee or third-party discretionary manager as to the particular allocation of investments to be made
in the account.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Private
Placements:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Securities
exempt from SEC registration under section 4(2), section 4(6) and/or rules 504 &ndash;506 under the Securities Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Reportable
Securities:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black; background-color: white">Means
any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation
in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share,
investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas,
or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or
on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle,
option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest
or instrument commonly known as a &ldquo;security&rdquo;, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim
certificate for, receipt for, guaranty of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing, except it should
not include:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">(i)
Direct obligations of the Government of the United States;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">(ii)
Bankers&rsquo; acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including
repurchase agreements;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">(iii)
Shares issued by money market funds;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">(iv)
Shares issued by open-end funds other than reportable funds; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">(v)
Shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end funds, none of which are reportable
funds.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Please note: Reportable
Securities includes both John Hancock Affiliated Funds and John Hancock Variable Products.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Securities
Laws:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Means
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, any
rules adopted by the SEC under any of these statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act as it applies to funds and investment advisers, and
any rules adopted there under by the SEC or the Department of the Treasury.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Significant
Others:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Two
people who (1) share the same primary residence; (2) share living expenses; and (3) are in a committed relationship and intend
to remain in the relationship indefinitely.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Supervised
Person:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Is defined
by the Advisers Act to mean a partner, officer, director (or other person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions)
or employee, as well as any other person who provides advice on behalf of the adviser and is subject to the adviser&rsquo;s supervision
and control. However, in reliance on the Prudential no-action letter, John Hancock does not treat as a &ldquo;Supervised Employee&rdquo;
any of its &ldquo;non-advisory personnel&rdquo;, as defined below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">In reliance
on the Prudential no-action letter, John Hancock treats as an &ldquo;Advisory Person&rdquo; any &ldquo;Supervised Employee&rdquo;
who is involved, directly, or indirectly, in John Hancock Financial Services investment advisory activities, as well as any &ldquo;Supervised
Employee&rdquo; who is an Access Person. John Hancock treats as &ldquo;non-advisory personnel&rdquo;, and does not treat as a
Supervised Person, those individuals who have no involvement, directly or indirectly, in John Hancock investment advisory activities,
and who are not Access Persons.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Preferred
Brokers List</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Preferred
Brokers List </B>While employed by John Hancock, you must maintain your Brokerage Accounts at one of the preferred brokers approved
by John Hancock. The following are the preferred brokers:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 5pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 60%; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Ameriprise</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 40%; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Sanders
    Morris Harris</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Bank
    of Oklahoma</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Scottrade</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Bank
    of Texas</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Stifel</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Barclays
    Wealth Management</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">TD
    Ameritrade</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Brave
    Warrior Advisors</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">T.
    Rowe Price</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Charles
    Schwab</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Thompson
    Davis &amp; Co.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Chase
    Investment Services</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">UBS</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Citigroup</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">US
    Trust</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Constellation
    Wealth Management</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Vanguard</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Credit
    Suisse</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">DB
    Alex Brown</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Edward
    Jones</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">E*Trade</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Fidelity</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">First
    Republic</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Goldman
    Sachs Wealth Management</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">HSBC
    Private Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Interactive
    Brokers</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">JB
    Were</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">JP
    Morgan Private Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">JP
    Morgan Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Lincoln
    Financial</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Merrill
    Lynch &amp; Bank of America</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Morgan
    Stanley Private Wealth</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Morgan
    Stanley Smith Barney</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Northern
    Trust</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Northern
    Trust Institutional</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Oppenheimer
    &amp; Co.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">OptionsXpress</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Pershing
    Advisor Solutions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Piper
    Jaffray</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Raymond
    James</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Revolution
    Capital</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding: 1pt; line-height: 107%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Robert
    W. Baird &amp; Co.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 6pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Access
Persons</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 9.35pt 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A person who,
        in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations regarding the
        purchase or sale of securities by the Fund or account.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 9.35pt 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">Examples may include:</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Portfolio
        Managers</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Analysts</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Traders</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.05pt 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A person who,
        in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, has regular access to nonpublic information regarding any clients&rsquo;
        purchase or sale of securities, or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any John Hancock Affiliated
        Fund or who is involved in making securities recommendations to clients, or who has regular access to such recommendations
        that are nonpublic.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.05pt 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><U>Examples may
        include:</U></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 34.25pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Office
        of the Chief Compliance Officer</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 34.25pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fund
        Administration</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 12.75pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Investment
        Management Services</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 12.75pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.95pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Administrative
        Personnel for Access Level I Persons</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.95pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 22.5pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Technology
        Resources Personnel (certain)</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 22.5pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Legal
        Staff</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Marketing
(certain)</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.1pt 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">A person who,
        in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, has periodic access to nonpublic information regarding any clients&rsquo;
        purchase or sale of securities, or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any John Hancock Affiliated
        Fund.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 7.1pt 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><U>Examples may
        include:</U></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.1pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Marketing
        (certain)</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Product
        Development</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;E-Commerce</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Corporate
        Publishing</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.95pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Administrative
        Personnel for Access Level II Persons</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.95pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.95pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&bull;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Technology
        Resources Personnel (certain)</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 10.95pt 0pt 23.1pt; text-indent: -18.05pt"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black"><B>Compliance
Contacts</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #2F5496; font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Entity</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Chief
    Compliance Officer</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Advisers, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Frank
    Knox &ndash; 617-663-2430</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John&#9;Hancock&#9;Investment
    Management Services, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Frank
    Knox</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Each
    open-end and closed-end fund advised by a John Hancock Adviser</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Frank
    Knox</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Funds, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Michael
    Mahoney - 617-663-3021</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">John
    Hancock Distributors, LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Michael
    Mahoney </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Code
    of Ethics Contacts</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><B>Phone
    number</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black">Code
    of Ethics Administration Group</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Black"><U>INVDIVCodeofEthics@manulife.com</U></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<TYPE>EX-99.(2)(R)(2)
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>html737_ex99-2r2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CODE OF ETHICS MANULIFE ASSET MANAGEMENT (US), LLC AS AMENDED FEBRUARY 1, 2018
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 99.(2)(r)(2)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Global Code of Ethics</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0"><IMG SRC="image_003.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 251.75pt; width: 251.2pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><IMG SRC="image_005.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 33.2pt; width: 250.1pt"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Every day we make individual
choices which reflect on the collective reputation of the Manulife and John Hancock brands. Our global standards for business ethics
and our well-regarded reputation for integrity differentiate our brands in the marketplace and have been critical factors in our
past as well as our future success. We are proud of Manulife Asset Management's culture of doing business the right way and we
want to underscore the need to continue to conduct our business in this manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">To this end, Manulife Asset
Management has adopted this Global Code of Ethics to promote compliance with applicable law as well as to address certain potential
and actual conflicts of interests which can arise between our personal investment decisions and the interests of our clients. This
Global Code of Ethics has been designed to reflect our values as a global organization and demonstrate the importance of the trust
our clients have placed in Manulife Asset Management and the duties we owe to our clients.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 70%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-left: 10pt; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Warren Thomson</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 12.4pt; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Christopher Conkey</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-top: 17.6pt; padding-right: 9.9pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Michael Dommermuth</I></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.85pt 0 0">Code Version: February 1,2018</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.2pt 0 0.05pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>PART 1:</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>Purpose &amp; Applicability&#9;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Purpose</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Code Applicability&#8212;MAM Associates &amp; Access Persons</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Report Changes to Access Person Status</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Code Certification</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Reporting Violations of the Code as well as Manulife and MAM Policies</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Supervisory Oversight &amp; Personal Liability</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>PART 2:</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B> Principles of Business Conduct</B></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">General Principles of Business Conduct</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Personal Trading &amp; Conflicts of Interests</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Confidential Investment Information</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">False Rumors</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Outside Business Activities</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Other MAM &amp; Manulife Compliance Requirements</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>PART 3:</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>Personal Investing
Restrictions &amp; Limitations</B></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">What Securities are Subject to the Code&#8217;s Personal Trading Restrictions &amp; Requirements?</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Restrictions on Securities under Active Consideration</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Restrictions on Manulife Securities</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Preclearance Approval Requirement</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Special Pre-Clearance Approval Requirement for Level 3 Access Persons Only</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">15 Day Blackout Period Rule</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.7</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Affiliated Mutual Fund Profit Ban&#8212;30 Day Rule</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.8</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Short-Term Profit Ban&#8212;60 Day Rule</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.9</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Limit Orders and Special Orders</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.10</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Investment Clubs</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.11</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Discouraging Excessive Trading</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.12</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Additional Restrictions<B>&#8212;</B>Hong Kong-Based Access Persons Only</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>PART 4:</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>Level 1 Access Persons Additional Personal Investing Restrictions</B></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">4.1</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">Initial Public Offering Ban</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Investment Team Hold Until Sold Rule</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Investment Team Enhanced Trade Blackout Rule for Certain Level 1 Access Persons</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Preclearance of Significant Personal Securities Positions</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Disclosure of Personal Investment Conflicts &amp; Limited Offering Independent Review</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1% &amp; 5% Security Ownership Disclosure &amp; Prohibitions</FONT></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>PART 5:</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Initial &amp; Periodic Reporting</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Requirement to Report All Securities Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Duplicate
    Transaction Confirmations &amp; Statements</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">USA-Based
    Access Person Preferred Brokerage Account Requirement</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initial Holdings Report &amp; Certification</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Quarterly Transaction Report &amp; Certification</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Reporting of Gifts, Donations &amp; Inheritances</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.7</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Annual Holdings Report &amp; Certification</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.8</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Method of Reporting &amp; Certifications</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>PART 6:</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B>Code Administration</B></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No Liability for Loses</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Penalties for Code Violations</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Exemptions &amp; Appeals</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Code Amendments</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Code Interpretation &amp; Administration</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 0 4pt 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0; text-align: left; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Recordkeeping</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>



<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; padding: 4pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Appendix A:</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 85%; padding: 4pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Code Definitions </B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Appendix B:</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Code Adoption Dates</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Appendix C:</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 4pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Chart: Reportable Securities &amp; Pre-Clearable Securities</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PART&nbsp;1</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PURPOSE &amp; APPLICABILITY</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">1.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Purpose</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Manulife Asset Management<SUP>1</SUP> (<I>MAM)
</I>has adopted this Code of Ethics (<I>Code</I>) to promote compliance with applicable law by <I>MAM </I>and <I>MAM Associates
</I>and to prevent those abuses in the investment management business that can arise when certain conflicts of interest exist
between personnel of an investment advisor and its clients. By adopting and enforcing this <I>Code</I>, we strengthen the trust
and confidence entrusted in us by demonstrating that at <I>MAM</I>, client interests come first.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">1.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0"><I>Code </I>Applicability<FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&#8212;</FONT>MAM Associates &amp; Access Persons</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">This <I>Code </I>applies to <I>MAM Associates</I>.
<I>MAM Associates </I>are: (i) any partner, officer, director (or other person occupying a similar status or performing similar
functions) of <I>MAM</I>; (ii) an employee of <I>MAM</I>; (iii) any person who provides investment advice on behalf of <I>MAM
</I>and is subject to the supervision and control of <I>MAM</I>; (iv) any person meeting the definition of <I>Access Person</I>;
and (v) any other person who the <I>Code Administrator </I>deems a <I>MAM Associate</I>.<SUP>2</SUP></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, <I>MAM Associates
</I>who have access to certain investment information and the investment decision-making process are further classified by the
<I>Code Administrator </I>into one of following three <I>Access Person </I>levels and as a result are responsible for complying
with the personal trading restrictions and obligations of their access designation level<I>.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Access Person Level 1</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0">Any
        <I>MAM Associate </I>who, in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations
        regarding the purchase or sale of securities for <I>MAM</I>- advised <I>Client </I>accounts or provide direct administrative support
        to a <I>MAM Associate </I>who makes or participates in the recommendations.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.85pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.85pt"><I>Examples:
        Portfolio Managers, Analysts, Traders and Certain Administrative Staff</I></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Access Person Level 2</B></FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Any <I>MAM Associate </I>who, in
        connection with his/her regular functions or duties: (i) has <I>regular access </I>to nonpublic information regarding any <I>Clients&#8217; </I>purchase
        or sale of securities or non- public information regarding the portfolio holdings of any <I>MAM</I>-advised <I>Client </I>account
        (ii) is involved in making client securities recommendations, or (iii) has regular access to such recommendations that are
        nonpublic.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Examples: Certain Compliance,
        Legal, Investment Operations, Administration, Client Services &amp; Products, Private Client Group, Sales/Marketing, Technology
        Resources, and MMF Personnel as well as Administrative Staff Supporting Level 2 Access Persons</I></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Access Person Level 3</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A <I>MAM Associate </I>who,
        in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, has <I>periodic access </I>to non-public information regarding any clients&#8217;
        purchase or sale of securities, or non-public information regarding the portfolio holdings of any account advised by <I>MAM</I></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Examples: Certain Business
        Financial Analysts, Technical Associates, Technical Resource Associates, Legal Staff, Client Services and Products Staff as well
        as Administrative Staff Supporting Level 3 Access Persons</I></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.3pt 0 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.3pt 0 0"><I></I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>1</SUP> Refer to APPENDIX B for a list
of <I>MAM </I>entities who have adopted this Code of Ethics.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>2</SUP> The <I>Code Administrator </I>or
<I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>may modify the requirements of this <I>Code </I>for those <I>MAM Associates </I>whose tenure at
<I>MAM </I>is expected not to exceed 90 days (for instance contractors, co-ops and interns) or in instances where a person is
subject to another code of ethics or fiduciary duty and where the modification is not otherwise specifically prohibited by law.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4; Options: NewSection; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">1.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Report Changes to Access Person Status</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>Code Administrator </I>is
responsible for classifying <I>MAM Associates </I>as <I>Access Persons </I>based on the <I>Code Administrator&#8217;s </I>understanding
of the <I>MAM Associates </I>current role. If a <I>MAM Associate </I>has a level of investment access different than their assigned
category, or the <I>MAM Associate </I>is promoted or changes duties and as a result should more appropriately be included in a
different category, it is the <I>MAM Associates </I>responsibility to immediately notify the <I>Code Administrator</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">1.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Code Certification</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Each <I>MAM Associate </I>must provide
a written (or electronic) acknowledgement of their initial receipt of the <I>Code </I>and any amendments to the <I>Code</I>, copies
of which are to be provided by the <I>Code Administrator</I>, and a certification that they have read and understood the <I>Code
</I>and will comply with the applicable provisions of the <I>Code </I>(including any amendments to the <I>Code</I>).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, annually each <I>MAM
Associate </I>is required to certify that he or she has read and understands the <I>Code</I>, acknowledges the applicable <I>Code
</I>provisions, and represents that he or she has complied with (or has disclosed any failure to comply with) the applicable <I>Code
</I>requirements during the past year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">1.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 5.05pt">Reporting Violations of the Code as well as Manulife &amp; MAM Policies</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.05pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Any <I>MAM Associate </I>who
knows or has reason to believe that the <I>Code </I>or a <I>Manulife </I>or <I>MAM </I>policy has been or may be violated must
bring such actual or potential violation to the immediate attention of the <I>Chief Compliance Officer.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A <I>MAM Associate </I>must
speak with their manager, a member of the Human Resources Department, Law Department or the <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>if
he or she has:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.2pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 32.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 17.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 32.25pt">a doubt about a particular compliance situation;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 1.35pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 32.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 17.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 24.6pt">a question or concern about a business practice; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.5pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 32.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 17.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 34.5pt">a question about potential conflicts of interest.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.5pt 34.5pt 0 50.55pt; text-indent: -18pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">It is a violation of the <I>Code
</I>for a <I>MAM Associate </I>to deliberately fail to report a violation or deliberately withhold relevant or material information
concerning a violation of the <I>Code </I>or a <I>Manulife </I>or <I>MAM </I>policy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.3pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">No person will be subject to
penalty or reprisal for reporting in good faith suspected violations of the <I>Code </I>or a <I>Manulife </I>or <I>MAM </I>policy
by others.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.25pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, unethical,
unprofessional, illegal, fraudulent or other questionable behavior may also be anonymously reported by calling the confidential
toll free <I>Manulife </I>Ethics Hotline at 1-866-294-9534 or by visiting the website: www.ManulifeEthics.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.05pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">1.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 45.75pt">Supervisory Oversight &amp; Personal Liability</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 45.75pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All <I>MAM Associates </I>with
managerial responsibility are responsible for the reasonable supervision of their staff to prevent and detect violations of the
<I>Code </I>and applicable rules and regulations. Failure to perform adequate oversight can result in the manager being held personally
liable by regulators for violations of the <I>Securities Laws </I>and the <I>Code</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.3pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">***</P>


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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PART 2</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS CONDUCT</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>





<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 3.65pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">2.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">General Principles of Business Conduct</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.65pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Each <I>MAM Associate </I>is expected
to adhere to a high standard of professional and ethical conduct and should be sensitive to situations that may give rise to an
actual conflict or the appearance of a conflict with our <I>Clients&#8217; </I>interests, or have the potential to cause damage
to <I>MAM </I>or a <I>MAM Affiliates&#8217; </I>reputation. To this end, each <I>MAM Associate </I>must act with integrity, honesty
and in an ethical manner. The following General Principles of Business Conduct govern the activities of <I>MAM </I>and every <I>MAM
Associate </I>as well as the interpretation and administration of this <I>Code</I>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 12.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.4pt">We have a fiduciary duty at all times to place the interests of our <I>Clients
</I>first.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.35pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 12.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.2pt">All personal securities transactions must be conducted consistent with the
provisions of the <I>Code </I>that apply and in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest and any
other abuse of trust or responsibility.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.3pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 12.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.1pt">We should not take inappropriate advantage of our position or engage in any
fraudulent or manipulative practice (such as front-running or manipulative market timing) with respect to <I>Client </I>accounts.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.4pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 12.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.2pt">We must treat as confidential any non-public or confidential information
concerning the identity of security holdings and financial circumstances of <I>Clients</I>.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.75pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 12.4pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.3pt">We must comply with all applicable laws including applicable domestic and
foreign <I>Securities Laws</I>.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.75pt 0.3pt 0 25.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.55pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Adherence to the General Principles
of Business Conduct and other provisions of this <I>Code </I>is a condition of employment at <I>MAM</I>. Additionally, while the
<I>Code </I>contains specific restrictions and limitations designed to prevent certain defined types of conflicts, <I>MAM </I>recognizes
that not every potential conflict of interest can be anticipated by the <I>Code</I>. Therefore, it is critical that the <I>Code&#8217;s
</I>General Principles of Business Conduct be followed in the absence of a specific <I>Code </I>requirement or limitation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0.15pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Additionally as described in
Section 6.2 &#8220;Penalties for Code Violations&#8221;, failure to comply with the General Principles of Business Conduct (above)
or any provision of the <I>Code </I>may result in disciplinary action, including termination of employment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.3pt 0 0.05pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Compliance Tip -&nbsp;&nbsp;Ask First, Act Second</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">It is critical that any <I>MAM Associate </I>who is in doubt about the applicability of the <I>Code </I>in a given situation seek a determination from the <I>Code Administrator </I>or the <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>about the propriety of the conduct in advance.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">2.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Personal Trading &amp; Conflicts of Interests</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>Code </I>represents a
balancing of important interests. On the one hand, as an investment adviser, <I>MAM </I>owes a duty of undivided loyalty to its
<I>Clients</I>, and must avoid even the appearance of a conflict that might be perceived as abusing the trust <I>Clients </I>have
placed in <I>MAM</I>. On the other hand, <I>MAM </I>does not want to prevent conscientious professionals from investing for their
own accounts where conflicts do not exist or are immaterial to investment decisions affecting the <I>Clients.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">When conflicting interests cannot
be reconciled, the <I>Code </I>makes clear that, first and foremost, <I>MAM Associates </I>owe a fiduciary duty to <I>MAM&#8217;s
Clients</I>. In most cases, this means that the affected <I>MAM Associates </I>will be required to forego conflicting securities
transactions. In some cases, personal investments will be permitted, but only in a manner, which, because of the circumstances
and applicable controls, cannot reasonably be perceived as adversely affecting <I>Client </I>portfolios or taking unfair advantage
of the client relationship.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">2.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Confidential
Investment Information</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Information acquired by a
<I>MAM Associate </I>in connection with their duties for <I>MAM</I>, including information regarding actual or contemplated investment
decisions, non-public portfolio composition, research, research recommendations, firm activities, or <I>Client </I>interests, is
confidential and may not be used in any way that might be contrary to, or in conflict with the interests of <I>Clients </I>or <I>MAM</I>.
Additionally, <I>MAM Associates </I>are reminded that certain <I>Clients </I>have specifically required their relationship with
<I>MAM </I>to be treated confidentially.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 289.65pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">2.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">False Rumors</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>Securities Laws </I>prohibit
the deliberate or reckless use of manipulative devices or activities with an intention to affect the securities markets, including
the intentional creation or spreading of false or unfounded rumors or other information. Accordingly, a <I>MAM Associate </I>may
not communicate information regarding companies, <I>Securities, </I>or markets that he or she knows to be false.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 289.65pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">2.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Outside Business Activities</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to other Manulife policies with
respect to outside business activities, <I>MAM Associates </I>may only serve on outside investment committees or be employed by,
serve as an officer of, or serve on boards of trustees and directors of business and non- business entities (including charitable
boards) with the approval of the <I>MAM Associate&#8217;s </I>manager and the <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>or <I>MAM </I>General
Counsel.<SUP>3</SUP></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 289.7pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">2.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0">Other MAM &amp; Manulife Compliance Requirements</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 326.3pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the <I>Code</I>,
<I>MAM Associates </I>must comply with all compliance-oriented requirements applicable to them, including business unit policies
as well as the <I>MAM </I>and <I>Manulife </I>policies listed in the column to the right.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border-top: gray 1pt solid; border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B><I>Manulife </I>Code of Business Conduct &amp; Ethics</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics provides standards for ethical behavior when representing <I>Manulife </I>and conducting <I>Manulife&#8217;s </I>business.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Insider Trading &amp; Market Abuse Policies</B></FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; border-right: gray 1pt solid; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The <I>MAM </I>and <I>Manulife </I>insider trading and market abuse policies address important topics, such as: the identification and reporting of material non-public information, the Investment Division&#8217;s information barrier, <I>MAM&#8217;s </I>&#8220;restricted list&#8221;, and the various prohibitions on sharing and misusing material-non- public information. The policies specifically prohibit the unlawful use and sharing of material non-public information.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Portfolio Holdings Disclosure &amp; Confidentiality Policies</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Non-public information about <I>MAM </I>client portfolio holdings as well as other client information cannot be shared or disclosed except in accordance with these policies.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B><I>Manulife </I>Anti-Fraud Policy</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">This policy requires the prompt reporting of any suspicion or allegation of fraud, fraudulent activity, or dishonest activity in relation to <I>Manulife</I>.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B><I>Manulife&nbsp;&nbsp;</I>Electronic Communications Guidelines</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">This policy contains various limitations and restrictions on the use of email, and other forms of electronic communications.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B><I>Manulife </I>Conflict of Interest &amp; MAM Gift Policies</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">These policies address standards and disclosure requirements related to the giving and receiving of gifts and entertainment. For the protection of the <I>MAM Associate </I>and <I>MAM</I>, the appearance of a possible conflict of interest must be avoided.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>MAM Anti-Bribery and Pay&#8211;to&#8211;Play Policies</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: gray 1pt solid; border-bottom: gray 1pt solid; border-left: gray 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">These policies are designed to
        prevent bribery, kickbacks and similar unlawful schemes. Specifically, these policies limit or prohibit certain types of
        gift, entertainment and political donation practices in order for <I>MAM </I>to comply with certain government regulations.
        For instance, the Pay-to Play Policy restricts certain types of personal political donations in the U.S. A. and also requires
        the reporting of certain U.S.A. donations by certain <I>MAM Associates</I>.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.25pt 0 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>3</SUP> Unless serving at the direction
of <I>MAM</I>, <I>MAM Associates </I>who engage in outside business and charitable activities are not acting in their capacity
as a <I>MAM Associate </I>and may not use <I>MAM&#8217;s </I>name in connection with those activities.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PART 3</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PERSONAL INVESTING RESTRICTIONS
        &amp; LIMITATIONS</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following personal investing
restrictions and limitations are designed to prevent certain defined types of conflict of interests. <I>MAM </I>recognizes that
not every potential conflict of interest can be anticipated by the <I>Code. </I>Therefore, it is critical that the <I>Code&#8217;s
</I>General Principles of Business Conduct be followed in the absence of a specific requirement or limitation. It is critical that
any <I>MAM Associate </I>who is in doubt about the applicability of the <I>Code </I>in a given situation seek a determination from
the <I>Code Administrator </I>or the <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>about the propriety of the conduct in advance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 11.25pt">What Securities are Subject to the Code&#8217;s Personal Trading Restrictions
&amp; Requirements?</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 11.25pt 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Securities </I>in which the <I>Access
Person </I>has a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>are subject to the <I>Code&#8217;s </I>personal trading restrictions and requirements.
An <I>Access Person </I>is deemed to have a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in any <I>Security </I>where the <I>Access Person </I>controls
or has the opportunity to directly or indirectly profit or share in the profit derived from a transaction in the <I>Securit</I>y.
An <I>Access Person </I>is presumed to have a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in the following <I>Securities</I>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 8.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.25pt"><I>Securities </I>owned by an <I>Access Person </I>in his or her name.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 5.85pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 8.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD><I>Securities </I>owned by <I>Household Family Members.</I></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 5.7pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 8.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.1pt"><I>Securities </I>owned by an <I>Access Person </I>indirectly through an
account or investment vehicle for his or her benefit, such as an IRA/RRSP/RESP/ ISA/SIPP, family trust or family partnership.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 6.4pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 8.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.1pt"><I>Securities </I>in which the <I>Access Person </I>has a joint ownership
interest, such as <I>Securities </I>owned in a joint brokerage account.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 6.25pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 8.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 0.1pt"><I>Securities </I>over which the <I>Access Person </I>has discretion or gives
advice (other than <I>MAM Client </I>accounts). This includes <I>Securities </I>owned by trusts, private foundations or other charitable
accounts for which the <I>Access Person </I>has investment discretion.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 32.1pt">Restriction on Securities under Active Consideration</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 32.1pt 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All <I>MAM Associates </I>(including
all <I>Access Persons</I>) may not purchase, sell, or otherwise dispose of any <I>Security </I>in which the <I>MAM Associate </I>has
(or as a result of such transaction will establish) <I>Beneficial Interest </I>if the <I>MAM Associate </I>at the time of the transaction
has actual knowledge that (i) the <I>Security </I>(if it is a <I>Pre-Clearable Security</I>) is under <I>Active Consideration for
Purchase or Sale </I>by or on behalf of <I>MAM </I>or any <I>Client </I>or (ii) the <I>Security </I>is on the <I>MAM </I>Restricted
Trading List.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Beneficial Interest &amp; Household Family Member Reminder</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Please note that if a specific <I>Code
        </I>provision (including a personal investing restriction or limitation, pre-clearance obligation or reporting obligation) applies
        to the <I>Access Person</I>, it also applies to all <I>Securities </I>and <I>Securities </I>accounts over which the <I>Access Person
        </I>has a <I>Beneficial Interest</I>.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Access Persons </I>are presumed
        to have a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in the personal <I>Securities </I>holdings and accounts of <I>Household Family Members. </I>The
        definition of <I>Household Family Member </I>includes an <I>Access Person&#8217;s </I>spouse, significant other, minor children
        or other family members who also share the same household with the <I>Access Person</I>.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Restrictions on Manulife Securities</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Manulife&#8217;s Insider Trading
&amp; Reporting Policy prohibits <I>Manulife </I>employees from speculating in <I>MFC Securities</I>. Speculation includes the
purchase or sale of <I>Manulife Securities </I>with the intention of reselling or buying back in a relatively short period of time
in the expectation of a rise or fall in the market price of such securities, buying or selling options, or short selling. Please
refer to the Manulife Insider Trading and Reporting Policy for additional restrictions and requirements on <I>Manulife Securities
</I>transactions.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt; padding: 0">3.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding: 0">Pre-Clearance Approval Requirement</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 4.3pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Level 1 and Level 2 <I>Access
Persons </I>may not purchase, sell or otherwise acquire or dispose of any <I>Security </I>in which he or she has (or as a result
of such transaction will establish) a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>without obtaining advance written (or electronic) pre-clearance
approval for such transaction from the <I>Code Administrator, Chief Compliance Officer, </I>or the <I>Personal Trading &amp; Reporting
System </I><U>unless </U>the <I>Security </I>transaction is exempt from this <I>Code&#8217;s </I>pre- clearance requirement. <I>Refer
to </I>APPENDIX C of the <I>Code </I>for a list of <I>Securities </I>and <I>Securities </I>transactions exempt from the pre-clearance
requirement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A preclearance approval is
valid only for the day it is granted unless an exception is granted by the <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>or <I>Code Administrator</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, successfully
obtaining pre-clearance approval for a transaction does not mean an <I>Access Person </I>cannot be found to be in violation of
a specific applicable personal investing restriction or limitation of the <I>Code </I>or the <I>Code&#8217;s </I>General Principles
of Business Conduct.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 14.95pt">Special Pre-Clearance Approval Requirement for Level 3 Access Persons</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 14.95pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Level 3 <I>Access Persons </I>are exempt
from the pre- clearance requirements of Section 3.4. However, Level 3 <I>Access Person&#8217;s </I>may not acquire a <I>Beneficial
Ownership </I>in any <I>Security </I>in an <I>Initial Public Offering </I>or a <I>Limited Offering </I>or acquire or dispose
of a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in a <I>Closed-End Investment Company </I>advised by a <I>Manulife Affiliate </I>without
obtaining advance written (or electronic) approval from the <I>Chief Compliance Officer.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Pre-Clearance Reminder: Household Family Members</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><I>Access Persons </I>(Level
        1 and 2) are required to obtain pre-clearance approval for all <I>Securities </I>transaction of persons who qualify as a <I>Household
        Family Member </I>of the <I>Access Person </I>(unless the transaction is exempt from the pre- clearance requirement. Refer to <I>Code
        </I>APPENDIX C for pre-clearance exemptions).</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">15 Day Blackout Period Rule</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Level 1 and Level 2 <I>Access
Persons </I>may not purchase, sell or otherwise acquire or dispose of any <I>Pre-Clearable Security </I>in which he or she has
(or as a result of such transaction will establish) a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>if that <I>Same Pre-Clearable Security </I>traded
in a <I>Client </I>account 15 calendar days before such transaction (or will trade in a <I>Client </I>account 15 days following
such transaction) <U>unless </U>(1) the <I>Access Person </I>has no actual knowledge that the <I>Same Pre- Clearable Security </I>is
under <I>Active Consideration for Purchase or Sale </I>by a <I>Client </I>and (2) the transaction can satisfy one of the following
exceptions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.2pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.95pt"><B>De Minimis Trading Exception: </B><I>MAM </I>may permit the transaction
if all of the <I>Access Person&#8217;s </I>aggregate total same-day pre- clearance requests for the <I>Same Pre-Clearable Security
</I>have a transaction market value of less than $25,000 USD <U>and </U>(in the case of equities) the same day transactions in
the <I>Pre-Clearable Security </I>total no more than 500 equity shares.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 6.15pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 23.65pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-right: 4.9pt"><B>Market Cap Securities Exception: </B><I>MAM </I>may permit the transaction
if the individual preclearance request is in the <I>Securities </I>of an issuer whose market capitalization is at least $5 billion
USD or more.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.55pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Level 1 <I>Access Persons </I>should
refer to Part 4 of the <I>Code </I>(Level 1 <I>Access Persons Additional Restrictions</I>) to determine if a Level 1 <I>Access
Person </I>may rely on the exceptions (above) to the 15 Day Blackout Period Rule.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.1pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0">If a <I>MAM Client </I>account
trades in a <I>Pre-Clearable Security </I>within 15 calendar days before or after an <I>Access Person </I>obtains pre-clearance
approval of a trade, the <I>Access Person </I>may be required to demonstrate that he or she did not know that the same <I>Security
</I>was under <I>Active Consideration for Purchase or Sale </I>for a <I>Client </I>account.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.15pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>Chief Compliance Officer, </I>in
his or her sole discretion, may exempt or exclude an individual or class of <I>Access Person transactions and/or Client
accounts from the 15 Day Blackout Period Rule so long as the Chief Compliance Officer documents the rationale for granting
the exemption or exclusion.</I></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->9<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0">Affiliated Mutual Fund Profit Ban&#8212;30 Day Rule</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 324.3pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All <I>Access Persons
</I>(including <I>Household Family Members) </I>are prohibited from directly or indirectly profiting from a discretionary purchase
and sale of an <I>Affiliated Mutual Fund </I>actively managed by the <I>Access Person&#8217;s MAM </I>entity within 30 calendar
days.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 281.2pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Short-Term Profit Ban<FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&#8212;</FONT>60 Day Rule</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Level 1 and 2 Access Persons
(including <I>Household Family Members)</I>, cannot directly or indirectly profit from a discretionary purchase and sale of the
same <I>Pre-Clearable Security </I>within 60 calendar days. However, <I>Pre-Clearable Securities </I>whose issuer&#8217;s market
capitalization is $5 Billion USD or more at the time of the transaction are exempt from this 60 Day Rule. Note: a voluntary transaction
related to a derivative <I>Security </I>(including options) which results in a profit is permitted so long as the voluntary transaction
occurs more than 60 calendar days after the initial related transaction event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 281.1pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Limit Orders and Special Orders</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Due to the 1-day pre-clearance trade window
outlined in Section 3.4, multi-day special orders, such as &#8220;good until canceled orders&#8221; or &#8220;limit orders,&#8221;
are prohibited for Level 1 and 2 <I>Access Persons</I>.<SUP>4</SUP> However, <I>Access Persons </I>(and <I>Household Family Members</I>)
may place day orders, (<I>i.e</I>., orders that automatically expire at the end of the trading day session). Be sure to check
the status of all orders at the end of the trading day and cancel any orders that have not been executed. Please note that if
a trade order is left open beyond the pre-clearance window and it is executed outside of the window, the transaction will constitute
a <I>Code </I>violation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 281.15pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.10</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Investment Clubs</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Access Persons </I>(including
<I>Household Family Members</I>) are prohibited from participating or holding an interest in any <I>Investment Club.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I></I></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Securities Transactions Exempted from the Affiliated Mutual Fund 30-Day Profit Ban and 60-Day Short Term Profit Ban</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The following <I>Securities </I>activities are exempted from both the 60-Day Short Term Profit&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp; <I>Affiliated Mutual Fund </I>30-Day Profit Ban:</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 92%; border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All money market fund transactions</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Automatic Investment Plan </I>transactions (including payroll deduction purchases)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Dividend reinvestment purchase transactions</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Issuer <I>Pro Rata Discretionary Transactions</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Involuntary issuer transactions (<I>e.g</I>., stock dividends, stock splits/ reverse splits or other similar reorganizations or distributions, call of a debt security, and spin-offs of shares to existing holders)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Automatic purchases into a default investment option by a retirement plan</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Other involuntary purchase or sales activity not at the direction of the <I>Access Person </I>or the <I>Access Person's Household Family Member</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-indent: 0">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5pt; text-align: justify"><B>Gifts and Donations</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.15pt 5pt 0; text-align: justify">Please note that giving gifts and
        donations of <I>Securities </I>are considered &ldquo;sales&rdquo; and are not exempt from 30/60 day profit bans.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.15pt 5pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0 5pt; text-align: justify"><B>Exemptions</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 5.75pt 5.1pt 0 5pt; text-align: justify">The <I>Chief Compliance Officer</I>,
        in his or her sole discretion, may grant a hardship exemption from 30/60 day profit ban (such as profitable sales motivated by
        the need to pay for unexpected medical expenses).</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I></I></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"></P>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>4</SUP> The <I>Code Administrator </I>or
<I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>may provide an <I>Access Person </I>with a transaction-specific exemption in special limited circumstances
(<I>e.g., </I>subscription offerings with an uncertain trade execution date, special employment transaction with limited exercise
trade windows).</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->10<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.11</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Discouraging Excessive Trading</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">While active personal trading
may not in and of itself raise issues under the <I>Securities Laws</I>, <I>MAM </I>believes that a very high volume of personal
trading by an <I>Access Person </I>can be time consuming and can increase the possibility of actual or apparent conflicts with
portfolio transactions. Accordingly, an unusually high level of discretionary personal trading activity by an <I>Access Person
</I>is strongly discouraged and may be subjected to enhanced scrutiny by <I>MAM. </I>The <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>may impose
limitations on the number of <I>Pre-Clearable Securities </I>trades permitted during a given period for certain <I>Access Persons</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">3.12</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 2.2pt">Additional Restrictions&#8212;Hong Kong-Based Access Persons Only</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 2.2pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Hong Kong-based <I>Access Persons
</I>(and <I>Household Family Members</I>) are prohibited from the following additional activities: (i) short selling any <I>Security</I>,
(ii) delay of personal transaction settlement beyond the normal settlement time for the relevant market and (iii) cross trades
between <I>Access Persons </I>and <I>Client </I>accounts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 115pt 0 120.15pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm">***</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PART 4</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>LEVEL 1 ACCESS PERSONS ADDITIONAL PERSONAL INVESTING RESTRICTIONS</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the personal investing restrictions
and requirements for <I>Access Persons </I>in Part 3 of this <I>Code</I>, Level 1 <I>Access Persons </I>(including their <I>Household
Family Members</I>) are subject to the following additional restrictions and requirements.<SUP>5</SUP></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.05pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">4.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Initial Public Offering Ban</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Level 1 <I>Access Persons
</I>may not directly or indirectly acquire a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in a <I>Security </I>through an <I>Initial Public Offering
</I>(IPO). Consequently, Level 1 <I>Access Persons </I>(including <I>Household Family Members</I>) must wait to purchase newly-issued
IPO <I>Securities </I>until the next business (trading) day following the offering date of the IPO.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.2pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">4.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Investment Team Hold Until Sold Rule</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A Level 1 <I>Access Person
</I>associated with an <I>Investment Team </I>(including <I>Household Family Members) </I>is not permitted to sell a <I>Pre-Clearable
Security </I>holding in which they have a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>if (i) the <I>Same Pre-Clearable Security </I>is held in a
<I>Client </I>account managed by the <I>Access Person&#8217;s Investment Team </I><U>and </U>(ii) the Access Person (or <I>Household
Family Member</I>) purchased the <I>Pre- Clearable Security </I>after the date of the Code&#8217;s initial adoption (Refer to APPENDIX
B for initial adoption dates) <U>or </U>the date the person was named to the relevant <I>Investment Team </I>(which ever date is
later).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>5</SUP> The <I>Chief Compliance Officer
</I>may grant individual exceptions to Sections 4.1, 4.2, and/or 4.3 under limited hardship circumstances where the <I>Chief Compliance
Officer </I>concludes that no material conflict of interest is present. For instance in the case of an <I>IPO</I>, a Level 1 <I>Access
Person </I>may request and exemption from the <I>IPO </I>prohibition for certain investments that do not create a potential conflict
of interest, such as: (1) <I>Securities </I>of a mutual bank or mutual insurance company received as compensation in a demutualization
and other similar non-voluntary stock acquisitions; (2) fixed rights offerings; or (3) a family member&#8217;s participation as
a form of employment compensation in their employer&#8217;s <I>IPO</I>. The <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>may also exclude an
individual or class of <I>Client </I>accounts from the application of Sections 4.2 and 4.3 so long as the <I>Chief Compliance
Officer </I>documents the rationale for the exemption or exclusion.</P>


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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->11<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">4.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 1.7pt">Investment Team Enhanced Trade Blackout Rule for Certain Level 1 Access Persons</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 1.7pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Level 1 <I>Access Persons </I>who are members
of an <I>Investment Team </I>(including <I>Household Family Members</I>) may not purchase, sell or otherwise acquire or dispose
of any <I>Pre-Clearable Security </I>in which he or she has (or as a result of such transaction will establish) a <I>Beneficial
Interest </I>if that <I>Same Pre- Clearable Security </I>traded 15 calendar days before such transaction or will trade 15 days
following such transaction in a <I>Client </I>account managed by the Level 1 <I>Access Person&#8217;s Investment Team. Note: </I>the
De Minimis and Market Cap exceptions outlined in Section 3.6 are not available for the types of transactions described above in
this Section 4.3.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0.35pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All Level 1 <I>Access Persons </I>who
are members of an <I>Investment Team </I>must affirmatively assert as part of the pre-clearance trade approval process, that the
<I>Same Pre-Clearable Security </I>is not under <I>Active Consideration </I>for Purchase or Sale for a <I>Client </I>account managed
by the Level 1 <I>Access Person&#8217;s Investment Team.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">4.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 20.45pt">Pre-Clearance of a Significant Personal Securities Position</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 20.45pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the pre-clearance
requirements of Section 3.4, a Level 1 <I>Access Person (including Household Family Members) </I>must obtain advance written trade
approval from the <I>MAM </I>Chief Investment Officer&#8212;Fixed Income or the Chief Investment Officer&#8212;Equity (or their
designee) for any discretionary transaction (or series of transactions) which establishes a Beneficial Interest in <I>a Pre-Clearable
Security </I>valued at $100,000 USD or more (&#8220;Significant Positions&#8221;). Additionally, any discretionary transaction
which increases or decreases an established Significant Position must be approved in the same manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 6.15pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">4.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 17.3pt">Disclosure of Personal Investment Conflicts &amp; Limited Offering Independent
Review</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A Level 1 <I>Access Person
</I>cannot recommend or participate in the investment decision-making process involving a particular <I>Security </I>for a <I>Client
</I>account if the <I>Access Person </I>also maintains a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in the same issuer&#8217;s <I>Securities </I><U>unless
</U>the <I>Access Person </I>has disclosed the <I>Beneficial Interest </I>to the primary portfolio manager for the relevant <I>Client
</I>account or relevant <I>MAM </I>Chief Investment Officer. Following any initial oral disclosure, the <I>Access Person </I>is
required to make the same disclosure in writing to the primary portfolio manager and either (i) the <I>Chief Compliance Officer
</I>or (ii) the relevant <I>MAM </I>Chief Investment Officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.05pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the disclosure
requirements (above)<I>, </I>an <I>Access Person </I>with a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in a <I>Limited Offering </I>(<I>a.k.a.,
</I>a private placement) is required to ensure that any final investment decision (for a <I>Client </I>account) involving the same
issuer as the <I>Limited Offering </I>is subjected to an independent review by other <I>MAM </I>investment personnel that do not
hold a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in the same issuer&#8217;s <I>Securities.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.05pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">4.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 11.25pt">1% and 5% Security Ownership Disclosure &amp; Prohibitions</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 11.25pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Any Level 1 <I>Access Person
</I>with a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>of 1% of more of an issuer or a class or series of an issuer&#8217;s <I>Securities </I>must
disclose such a fact in writing to the <I>Chief Compliance Officer</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.1pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If a Level 1 <I>Access Person
</I>holds a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>of 1% or more of an issuer or a class or series of an issuer&#8217;s <I>Securities </I>then
the same <I>Access Person </I>is prohibited from recommending or participating in the investment decision to purchase or sell the
same issuer&#8217;s securities for a <I>Client </I>account.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 5.1pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If a Level 1 <I>Access
Person </I>serving as a portfolio manager or analyst holds a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>of 5% or more of an issuer or a class or
series of the issuer&#8217;s <I>Securities </I>then the <I>MAM </I>entity the <I>Access Person </I>is associated with is prohibited
from purchasing the same issuer&#8217;s <I>Securities </I>for a <I>Client </I>account.</P>


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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->12<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>



<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PART 5</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>INITIAL AND PERIODIC REPORTING</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following requirements allow
<I>MAM </I>to monitor and verify <I>Access Person </I>compliance with requirements the <I>Code. </I>All <I>Access Persons </I>must
initially and periodically thereafter make disclosures and compliance certifications regarding <I>Securities </I>holdings, <I>Securities
</I>accounts and <I>Securities </I>transactions in which the <I>Access Person </I>has a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in (this includes
disclosures, holdings and transaction information for <I>Household Family Members</I>).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Requirement to Report Securities Accounts</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">All <I>Access Persons </I>are required to report
the name of broker, dealer, bank, or other entity with which the <I>Access Person </I>maintains an account in which any <I>Securities
</I>are or can be held for the <I>Access Person's Beneficial Interest </I>(including accounts of <I>Household Family Members</I>).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0 11.55pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Access Persons </I>are required to report
all <I>Securities </I>accounts within 10 days of initially being designated an <I>Access Person</I>. After this initial report
of <I>Securities </I>accounts, any <I>Securities </I>accounts opened in the future time must be reported no later than 10 calendar
days following the opening of the account or prior to the first discretionary transaction in the account. To comply with the <I>MAM
</I>Insider Trading Policy you are also required to inform any broker/dealer when you open a new <I>Securities </I>account that
you are employed by a financial institution and also whether you are registered with a broker-dealer.<SUP>6</SUP></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Hong Kong-based <I>Access Persons
</I>(and their <I>Household Family Members</I>) must obtain approval from the <I>Code Administrator </I>prior to opening any brokerage
account.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 4.9pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 42.45pt">Duplicate Transaction Confirmations &amp; Statements</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 4.9pt 42.45pt 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Each <I>Access Person </I>must arrange for
the <I>Code Administrator </I>to receive duplicate copies of trade confirmations of <I>Reportable Securities </I>transactions
and, if requested<SUP>7</SUP> by the <I>Code Administrator</I>, periodic account statements for any <I>Reportable Securities </I>accounts
in which the <I>Access Person </I>has a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in if the account holds, or has the ability to hold, <I>Reportable
Securities </I>(this requirement also applies to the <I>Securities </I>confirmations and statements of <I>Household Family Members</I>).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Compliance Tip - What Securities Accounts Do I Need to Report?</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any account (including a <I>Household Family Member&rsquo;s </I>account) that holds or can hold a <I>Security. </I>For instance here is a non-exclusive list of commonly reported <I>Securities </I>accounts:</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 94%; border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Brokerage Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Mutual Fund Only Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Custodial Securities Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife GSOP Plan Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certain 529 Plans (plans affiliated with or plans with investment options managed by Manulife or Manulife affiliated entity)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">IRA Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Stock Purchase Plans</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Transfer Agent Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Variable Life or Annuity Insurance Policies with underlying <I>Affiliated Mutual Fund </I>investment options</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife Loan Program Mutual Fund Account</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">John Hancock Unified 401k Plan/Manulife RPS</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP)/RESP/TFSA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Uncertificated Book Entry <I>Securities</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Physical possession of certificated <I>Securities</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Employee Stock Option Accounts</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">UK Individual Savings Accounts (ISA)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">UK Self Invested Pension Plans (SIPP)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.15pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><SUP>6</SUP> Brokers and dealers are subject to
certain rules designed to prevent favoritism toward an <I>Access Person&#8217;s </I>accounts. <I>Access Persons </I>may not accept
negotiated commission rates that you believe may be more favorable than the broker grants to accounts with similar characteristics.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>7</SUP> The <I>Code
Administrator </I>may rely on the operating groups of <I>Manulife/</I>John Hancock for administration of trading activity limitations
and monitoring of market timing policies for <I>Manulife Affiliated Funds</I>. To the extent the <I>Code Administrator </I>has
ready access to <I>Securities </I>transaction and holdings through a <I>Manulife Affiliate</I>, the <I>Code Administrator </I>is
not required to obtain duplicate confirmations or statements for such accounts.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->13<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 31pt">USA-Based Access Person Preferred Brokerage Account Requirement</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 4.9pt 31pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All USA-based <I>Access Persons </I>who
became employees of <I>MAM </I>or a <I>MAM Affiliate </I>after March 1, 2008 are required to maintain all <I>Reportable Securities
</I>accounts established after March 1, 2008 (including the <I>Securities </I>accounts of <I>Household Family Members</I>) at one
of <I>MAM&#8217;s Preferred Brokers </I>unless the <I>Securities </I>account has been qualified by the <I>Code Administrator </I>as
an <I>Exempt Securities Account. </I>A current list of <I>MAM&#8217;s Preferred Brokers </I>can be found on the <I>Personal Trading
&amp; Reporting System </I>website or by contacting the <I>Code Administrator. </I>Upon designation as an <I>Access Person</I>,
a person has 45 calendar days to (i) qualify any non-compliant <I>Securities </I>account as an <I>Exempt Securities Account </I>or
(ii) transfer all assets to a <I>MAM Preferred Broker </I>and close the non- compliant account.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Initial Holdings Report &amp; Certification</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">After reporting all <I>Securities </I>accounts
(Refer to Section 5.1), new <I>Access Persons </I>must file an Initial Holdings Report.<SUP>8</SUP> This Initial Holdings Report
is due within 10 calendar days after the person became an <I>Access Person </I>and the submitted information must be current as
of a date no more than 45 calendar days prior to the date the person became an <I>Access Person.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0.15pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">An <I>Access Person </I>must
submit with his or her Initial Holdings Report a certification that he or she: (i) has read and understands the <I>Code; </I>(ii)
recognizes that he or she is subject to the <I>Code</I>; (iii) agrees to comply with the <I>Code </I>requirements applicable to
their designated access level; and (iv) has disclosed or reported all required <I>Reportable Securities </I>holdings and all <I>Securities
</I>accounts in which they have a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>(including <I>Household Family Member </I>accounts).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 68.4pt">Quarterly Transaction Report &amp; Certification</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 4.55pt 68.4pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All <I>Access Persons </I>must file a Quarterly
Transaction Report that discloses certain information about each <I>Reportable Security </I>transaction in which they have (or
as a result of the transaction acquired) a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>(including transactions for <I>Household Family Members</I>)
during the quarter covered by the Quarterly Transaction Report.<SUP>9</SUP></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 10.15pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Each <I>Access Person&#8217;</I>s
Quarterly Transaction Report is due within 30 calendar days after the end of each calendar quarter. Each <I>Access Person's </I>Quarterly
Transaction Report must also include a certification that the submitted Quarterly Transaction Report includes all information required
to be reported. In connection with the Quarterly Transaction Report Certification, all <I>Access Persons </I>are also required
to certify to the accuracy of the listing of <I>Securities </I>accounts displayed in <I>Personal Trading &amp; Reporting System
</I>or by alternative method as permitted by Section 5.8 of the <I>Code.</I></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 275.25pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; padding: 4pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Compliance Reminder: Automatic Pre- Population of Transaction and Holdings Data in the Personal Trading &amp; Reporting System</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #E4E4E4; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">As a convenience to certain <I>Access Persons</I>, <I>Code Administration </I>works with certain brokers&nbsp;&nbsp;to obtain <I>Securities </I>transaction and holding data to pre-populate Quarterly Transaction&nbsp;&nbsp;and Annual Holdings Reports in the Personal Trading &amp; Reporting System. The pre-populated&nbsp;&nbsp;data may contain omissions or inaccuracies. It&nbsp;&nbsp;is&nbsp;&nbsp;each <I>Access Person&#8217;s </I>responsibility to contact the <I>Code Administrator </I>to correct any inaccurate transaction or holdings data prior to submitting a report or certification.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><I></I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>8</SUP> The Initial Holdings Report
will contain: (i) the title and type of each <I>Reportable Security </I>in which the Access Person has any <I>Beneficial
Interest</I>; (ii) the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number and the number of shares or principal amount of each <I>Reportable
Security </I>(each as applicable); (iii) the name of any broker, dealer, bank, or other entity with which the <I>Access
Person </I>maintains an account in which any <I>Securities </I>are or can be held for the <I>Access Person's </I>direct or
indirect <I>Beneficial Interest</I>; and (v) the date the report is submitted by the <I>Access Person.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>9</SUP> The Quarterly Transaction Report
will include the following information: (i) the date of the transaction (&#8220;trade date&#8221;); (ii) the title of the <I>Reportable
Security</I>; (iii) the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, the interest rate and maturity date, the number of shares or principal
amount of each <I>Reportable Security, </I>the type of transaction or acquisition, the price at which the transaction was effected
(each as applicable); (iv) the name of any broker, dealer, bank, or other entity with or through which the transaction was effected;
and (v) the date the report is submitted by the <I>Access Person.</I></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->14<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 4.85pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 57.55pt">Reporting of Gifts, Donations &amp; Inheritances</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 4.85pt 57.55pt 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">An <I>Access Person&#8217;s
</I>gift or donation of a <I>Pre-Clearable Securit</I>y is considered a &#8220;sale&#8221; event for Level 1 and 2 <I>Access Persons
</I>(this includes gifts or donations by <I>Household Family Members</I>) and therefore requires pre-clearance approval prior to
making the gift or donation. Additionally, any approved gift or donation event of a <I>Reportable Security </I>must be accurately
reflected in the next Quarterly Transaction Report (<I>Refer to Section 5.5</I>).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0.05pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The receipt of a gift or an
inheritance of <I>Reportable Securities </I>should be promptly reported to the <I>Code Administrator </I>to ensure the new holding
is accurately accounted for. Note: the receipt of a gift or inheritance does not require pre-clearance approval from Compliance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0.05pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Annual Holdings Report &amp; Certification</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All <I>Access Persons </I>must file an Annual
Holdings Report.<SUP>10</SUP> The Annual Holdings Report is due within 45 calendar days of December 31st and must be current as
of a date no more than 45 calendar days prior to the date this information is filed. Each <I>Access Person </I>must submit each
Annual Holdings Report with a certification that he or she: (i) has read and understands the <I>Code</I>; (ii) recognizes that
he or she is subject to the <I>Code</I>; (iii) has complied with (or has disclosed any failure to comply with) the <I>Code&#8217;s
</I>requirements applicable to their designated access level; and (iv) has reported all violations of the <I>Code </I>and all
required <I>Reportable Securities </I>holdings and <I>Securities </I>accounts for which the <I>Access Person </I>holds a <I>Beneficial
Interest </I>(including the applicable holdings and accounts of <I>Household Family Members</I>).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0.15pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">5.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Method of Reporting &amp; Certifications</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Access Persons </I>are expected to use the
intranet- based <I>Personal Trading &amp; Reporting System, </I>to make their required <I>Securities </I>account disclosures,
Initial and Annual Holdings Reports<I>, </I>Quarterly Transaction reports and related certifications.<SUP>11</SUP> An <I>Access
Person </I>that fails to make a required report or certification by the specified deadline will, at a minimum, be prohibited from
engaging in discretionary personal trading until the reporting/certification requirement is satisfied and may give rise to other
sanctions (this prohibition also applies to any <I>Securities </I>account or <I>Securities </I>of which the <I>Access Person </I>has
a <I>Beneficial Interest, </I>including the <I>Securities </I>accounts and <I>Securities </I>of <I>Household Family Members</I>).
The timing of the deadlines for each reporting obligations are set by various regulations adopted under the <I>Securities Laws.
</I>Compliance may establish earlier deadlines than specified in this Part 5 to ensure compliance with the <I>Securities Laws.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">***</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>10</SUP> The Annual Holdings Report will
include: (i) the title and type of each <I>Reportable Security </I>in which they have <I>Beneficial Interest</I>; (ii) the exchange
ticker symbol or CUSIP number (as applicable) and the number of shares or principal amount of each <I>Reportable Security </I>(as
applicable); (iii) the name of any broker, dealer, bank, or other entity with which the <I>Access Person </I>maintains an account
in which any <I>Securities </I>are or can be held for the <I>Access Person's </I>direct or indirect benefit; and (iv) the date
the report is submitted by the <I>Access Person.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>11</SUP> <I>Access
Person&#8217;s </I>without access to the <I>Personal Trading &amp; Reporting System </I>will use other methods for reporting and
certification as directed by the <I>Code Administrator </I>or <I>Chief Compliance Officer</I>.</P>


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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->15<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>PART 6</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>CODE ADMINISTRATION</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>



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<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">6.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">No Liability for Losses</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 5.75pt 0 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>MAM </I>and <I>Manulife Affiliates
</I>and/or any <I>MAM Clients </I>will not be liable for any losses incurred or profits avoided by any <I>Access Persons </I>or
<I>Household Family Member </I>resulting from the implementation or enforcement of the <I>Code</I>. <I>Access Persons </I>must
understand that their ability (as well as the ability of the <I>Household Family Members</I>) to buy and sell <I>Securities </I>may
be limited by the <I>Code </I>and that trading activity by <I>MAM</I>, <I>MAM Clients</I>, and/or other <I>Manulife Affiliates
</I>may affect the timing of when an <I>Access Person </I>(as well as <I>Household Family Members</I>) can buy or sell a particular
<I>Security</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">6.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Penalties for Code Violations</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Penalties for violating
the <I>Securities Laws </I>can be severe, both for the individuals involved and their employers. A person can be subject to penalties
even if he or she does not personally benefit from the violation. Penalties may include civil injunctions, payment of profits made
or losses avoided (&quot;disgorgement&quot;), jail sentences, fines for the person committing the violation, and fines for the
employer or other controlling person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0.05pt 0 11.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition, any violation of the
<I>Code </I>is subject to the imposition of sanctions by <I>MAM </I>as may be deemed appropriate under the circumstances by MAM<I>.
</I>These sanctions could include, without limitation, bans on personal trading, disgorgement of trading profits, and personnel
action, including termination of employment, where appropriate. <I>Refer to MAM&#8217;s </I>Fine and Sanction Guidelines for further
information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">6.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Exemptions &amp; Appeals</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 0 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Exemptions from <I>Code </I>provisions
may be granted by the <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>where warranted by applicable facts and circumstances, if permitted by law,
and if the <I>CCO </I>determines and exemption would be in accord with the spirit of the General Principles of the <I>Code </I>and
the <I>Securities Laws. Access Persons </I>may direct their request for an exemption to the <I>Code Administrator </I>or <I>Chief
Compliance Officer. </I>The <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>is also authorized to modify the personal trading provisions of this
<I>Code </I>as it applies to a specific <I>MAM Associate </I>where local law would prohibit the application of a specific provision.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.05pt 0 11.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If <I>Access Person </I>believes
that a <I>Code</I>-related request has been incorrectly denied by the <I>Chief Compliance Officer</I>, or that a <I>Code</I>-related
action is not warranted, an <I>Access Person </I>may make a written appeal of the decision or action within 30-days of the decision
or action to the <I>Ethics Oversight Committee</I>. <I>Code Administration </I>will arrange an appropriate forum or communication
for the consideration of appeals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.05pt 0 11.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">6.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Code Amendments</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 47.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>Chief Compliance Officer
</I>is permitted to approve non-material amendments to the <I>Code </I>and the <I>Ethics Oversight Committee </I>(or <I>MAM </I>Board,
if applicable) is responsible for approving any material amendments. For certain <I>MAM Affiliated Mutual Fund </I>clients, the
respective Board of Trustees of the <I>Affiliated Mutual Fund </I>must approve any material changes to the code of <I>MAM </I>within
six (6) months of the adoption of the material change in accordance with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company
Act of 1940.</P>


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<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">6.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Code Interpretation &amp; Administration</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>has
general administrative responsibility for the <I>Code </I>and is responsible for establishing policies and procedures for the administration
of the <I>Code</I>; monitoring and testing for <I>Code </I>compliance; ensuring <I>Code </I>training is provided to <I>Access Persons</I>;
granting exceptions or exemptions to any provision of the <I>Code, </I>on an individual or a class basis; appointing one or more
<I>Code Administrators </I>and defining the scope of his or her authority and day-today responsibilities (in addition to those
specified in the <I>Code</I>); oversight of the <I>Code Administrator&#8217;s Code </I>activities; considering and recommending
material amendments to the <I>Code </I>to the <I>Ethics Oversight Committee </I>(or <I>MAM </I>Board, if applicable); and reviewing
and considering any decisions made by the <I>Code Administrator </I>at the request of a <I>MAM Associate </I>or involving ordinary
sanctions imposed related to <I>Code </I>violations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><I>Ethics Oversight Committee </I>(or
<I>MAM </I>Board, if applicable) retains the ultimate discretion as to the interpretation the <I>Code&#8217;s </I>provisions in
any given situation, rendering material sanctions for violations of the <I>Code</I>, and rendering final judgments on any <I>Access
Person&#8217;s </I>appeal of any decision or ordinary sanction imposed by the <I>Chief Compliance Officer</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 35.95pt">6.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Recordkeeping</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3.7pt 0 0 41.55pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>or <I>Code
Administrator </I>maintains or causes to be maintained, the following records: (1) a copy of the <I>Code </I>or any predecessor
<I>MAM </I>code of ethics which has been in effect during the most recent 5-year period; (2) a record of any violation of the
<I>Code</I>, or any predecessor <I>MAM </I>code of ethics, and of any action taken as a result of such violation in the 5-year
period following the end of the fiscal year in which the violation took place; (3) a list of all persons currently or within the
most recent 5-year period who were required to make reports pursuant to the <I>Code </I>(or any predecessor <I>Code</I>) and the
person(s) who were responsible for reviewing these reports; (4) copies of all acknowledgements of each person's receipt of the
<I>Code, </I>Initial and Annual Holdings Reports, Quarterly Transaction Reports, and duplicate brokerage confirmations and <I>Securities
</I>account statements (as applicable) filed during the most recent 5-year period; and (5) a record of the approval of, and rationale
supporting, the acquisition of <I>Securities </I>by <I>Access Persons </I>in an <I>Initial Public Offering </I>or <I>Limited Offering
</I>for at least 5 years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted.<SUP>12</SUP></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 5.15pt 0 5.55pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Code records will be maintained for the first
2 years in an office of <I>MAM </I>(in paper or accessible electronically) and in an easily accessible place for the time period
as required by any applicable regulations thereafter.<SUP>13</SUP></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 120.05pt 0 120.15pt; text-align: center">***</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>12</SUP> In reviewing a pre-clearance
request for a <I>Limited Offering </I>or <I>IPO </I>the <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>may consider the following factors: (1)
whether the investment opportunity should be or can be reserved for <I>MAM </I>clients; (2) is it being offered because of a relationship
to <I>MAM </I>or position within <I>MAM</I>; and (3) any other relevant factors in the sole discretion of the <I>Chief Compliance
Officer</I>. The <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>or <I>Code Administrator </I>will document the rationale for any approval decision.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>13</SUP> <I>Code </I>records for <I>MAM
</I>Hong Kong will be maintained for at least 7 years and maintained in an easily accessible place.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>
</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Appendix A</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Definitions of <I>Italicized </I>Code of Ethics Terms</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Access Person</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Refer to definition in Section 1.2 of this <I>Code</I>.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Active Consideration for Purchase or Sale</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.3pt 0 0; text-align: justify">A <I>Security </I>is under <I>Active Consideration
for Purchase or Sale </I>once a <I>MAM </I>portfolio manager forms a specific intent to purchase or sell a <I>Security </I>for
a <I>MAM Client </I>account.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">Affiliated Mutual Fund</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any <I>Mutual Fund </I>for which <I>Manulife </I>serves as an investment adviser (or sub-adviser) or whose investment adviser (or sub-adviser) controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with <I>Manulife. (e.g., Manulife or </I>John Hancock <I>Mutual Funds</I>).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">Automatic Investment Plan</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation. Examples include automatic dividend reinvestment plans and payroll deduction purchase plans.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Beneficial Interest</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">An <I>Access Person </I>is deemed to have a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in any transaction in which the <I>Access Person </I>controls or has the opportunity to directly or indirectly profit or share in the profit derived from the <I>Securities </I>transacted. An <I>Access Person </I>is presumed to have a <I>Beneficial Interest </I>in the following <I>Securities </I>and related transaction activities: (1) <I>Securities </I>owned by an <I>Access Person </I>in his or her name; (ii) <I>Securities </I>(and <I>Securities </I>accounts) owned by <I>Household Family Members; (iii) Securities </I>owned by an <I>Access Person </I>indirectly through an account or investment vehicle for his or her benefit, such as an IRA/RRSP/RESP/ISA/SIPP, family trust or family partnership; (iv) <I>Securities </I>owned in which the <I>Access Person </I>has a joint ownership interest, such as <I>Securities </I>owned in a joint brokerage account; and (v) <I>Securities </I>over which the <I>Access Person </I>has discretion or gives advice (other than <I>MAM Client </I>accounts) and includes <I>Securities </I>owned by trusts, private foundations or other charitable accounts for which the <I>Access Person </I>has investment discretion. <I>Beneficial Interest </I>is interpreted in the same manner under the <I>Code </I>as it would be under Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Chief Compliance Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The term <I>Chief Compliance Officer </I>refers each Chief Compliance Officer of the applicable <I>MAM </I>entity adopting this <I>Code.</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Client</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">For purposes of this <I>Code</I>, the term &#8220;<I>Client</I>&#8221; means the specific person or entity that has an investment advisory or investment sub-advisory services agreement (or supervised investment delegation affiliate arrangement) with the specific <I>MAM </I>entity adopting this <I>Code.</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">Closed-End Investment Company</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A <I>Closed-End Investment Company </I>is a registered investment company that issues a fixed number of shares and is usually traded on a major stock exchange. In contrast, an open-end investment company (<I>i.e</I>., mutual fund) continuously offers new shares to the public and repurchases shares at net asset value. <U>Note</U>:&nbsp;&nbsp;Many REITs are <I>Closed-End Investment Companies</I>.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Code Administrator</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Code Administrator </I>refers to the person (or persons) designated by the relevant <I>MAM Chief Compliance Officer </I>to be primarily responsible for the day-to-day administration of the <I>Code</I>.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Direct Obligations of the Government of the US or UK</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-right: 2.1pt; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify">Any security
directly issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the United States. Examples of direct obligations include Cash Management
Bills, Treasury Bills, Notes and Bonds, and STRIPS. It is important to note that Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie
Mae), and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) <I>Securities </I>are not <I>Direct Obligations of the Government
of the United States.</I></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><I></I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Directed
Obligations of the UK </I>refers to the following list of <I>Securities </I>issued and guaranteed by the United Kingdom Treasury:
Premium Savings Bonds, Index Linked Savings Certificates, Fixed Interest Savings Certificates, Guaranteed Equity Bonds, Capital
Bonds, Children&rsquo;s Bonus Bonds, Fixed Rate Savings Bonds, Income Bonds, and Pensioners Guaranteed Income Bonds. <I>Refer
to M&amp;G Investment Management Ltd.</I></FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><I></I></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><I>SEC No-Action Letter (Sept. 10, 2002)</I></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 18; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->18<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Appendix A</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Definitions of <I>Italicized </I>Code of Ethics Terms <I>(Continued)</I></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">Ethics Oversight Committee</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The <I>Ethics Oversight Committee </I>is an ad hoc or standing compliance committee composed of relevant <I>MAM Chief Compliance Officer </I>and certain <I>MAM </I>senior management.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">Exempt ETF</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">An <I>Exempt ETF </I>is an exchange-traded fund that has as its underlying tracking instrument the S&amp;P 100, S&amp;P Midcap 400, S&amp;P 500, Hang Seng Index, Hang Seng China Enterprises Index, TSX 60, EAFE, FTSE 100, and Nikkei 225. <I>Exempt ETFs </I>also include options and futures contracts on the S&amp;P 100, S&amp;P Midcap 400, S&amp;P 500, TSX 60, EAFE, FTSE 100, and Nikkei 225. <I>Exempt ETF </I>transactions do not require advance pre-clearance approval. Refer to APPENDIX C for further information on reporting <I>Exempt ETF </I>transactions and holdings.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Exempt Securities Accounts</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">With <U>written approval </U>from <I>Code Administrator</I>, a US-based <I>Access Persons </I>(and <I>Household Family Members</I>) subject to the Preferred Broker Requirement of Section 5.3 are permitted to maintain a <I>Securities </I>account with an entity other than with a <I>Preferred Broker</I>, if the <I>Securities </I>account can meet one of the following exemptions: (i) it contains only <I>Securities </I>that can&#8217;t be transferred; (ii) it exists solely for products or services that one of the <I>Preferred Brokers </I>cannot provide; (iii) it exists solely because your spouse&#8217;s or significant other&#8217;s employer prohibits external covered accounts; (iv) it is managed by a third-party registered investment adviser; (v) it is restricted to trading interests in 529 College Savings Plans; (vi) it is associated with an ESOP (employee stock option plan) or an ESPP (employee stock purchase plan); (vii) it is required by a direct purchase plan, a dividend reinvestment plan, or an <I>Automatic Investment Plan </I>with a public company in which regularly scheduled investments are made or planned; (viii) it is a <I>Mutual Fund </I>only account; (ix) it is required by a trust agreement; (x) it is associated with an estate of which the <I>Access Person </I>is the executor, but not a beneficiary, and involvement with the account is temporary; (xi) transferring the account would be inconsistent with other applicable rules; or (xii) other exception approved by the <I>Code Administrator.</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">High Quality Short Term Debt Instrument</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any
    instrument that has a maturity <U>at issuance </U>of less than 366 days and that is rated in one of the two highest rating
    categories by a nationally recognized rating organization (<I>e.g., </I>S&amp;P, Moody&#8217;s, Fitch, A.M.
    Best).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Household Family Member</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">An <I>Access Person&#8217;s </I>spouse, &#8220;significant
        other,&#8221; minor children, or other family member who <U>also </U>shares the same household with the <I>Access Person. </I>An
        <I>Access Person&#8217;s </I>&#8220;significant other&#8221; is defined as a person who (i) shares the same household with the
        <I>Access Person</I>; (ii) shares living expenses with the <I>Access Person</I>; and (iii) is in a committed personal relationship
        with the <I>Access Person </I>and there is an intention to remain in the relationship indefinitely.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The <I>CCO </I>or <I>Code Administrator</I>, after
        reviewing all the pertinent facts and circumstances, may determine, if not prohibited by applicable law, that an indirect <I>Beneficial
        Interest </I>over <I>Securities </I>held by members of the <I>Access Person's Household Family Members </I>does not exist or is
        too remote for purposes of the <I>Code</I>&#8217;s requirements.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Initial Public Offering</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">An offering of <I>Securities </I>registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 (or comparable non-U.S. registration statute or regime), the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or comparable non-U.S. compulsory reporting requirements).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">Investment Club</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A group of people who pool their assets
in order to make joint decisions (typically a vote) on which <I>Securities </I>to buy, hold or sell.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 19; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->19<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Appendix A</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Definitions of <I>Italicized </I>Code of Ethics Terms (Continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Investment Team</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">An individual <I>Investment Team </I>describes the grouping of <I>MAM </I>analysts and portfolio managers who make or participate in making recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of securities for designated <I>MAM</I>-advised <I>Client </I>accounts. The <I>Code Administrator </I>or <I>CCO </I>may also assign certain traders to specific <I>Investment Teams </I>if the trader regularly participates in the <I>Security </I>recommendation process with the analysts or portfolio managers.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Limited Offering</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A <I>Securities </I>offering that is exempt from registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) or pursuant to Rule 504, Rule 505, or Rule 506 under the Securities Act of 1933, or equivalent foreign statute or regulation. Also known as a private placement <I>Security </I>(<I>e.g., </I>private investment funds, &#8220;hedge funds,&#8221; limited partnerships, <I>etc</I>.)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">MAM Associate</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>MAM
    Associates </I>are: (i) any partner, officer, director (or other person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions)
    of <I>MAM</I>; (ii) an employee of <I>MAM </I>(including contractors, co-ops and interns); (iii) any person who provides investment
    advice on behalf of <I>MAM </I>and is subject to the supervision and control of <I>MAM</I>; (iv) any person meeting the definition
    of <I>Access Person</I>; and (v) any other person who the <I>Code Administrator </I>deems a <I>MAM Associate</I>.<SUP>14</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife Financial Corporation</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife Affiliate</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All persons or entities controlled by <I>Manulife.</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Mutual Fund</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; text-align: justify">(a)&nbsp;Any
U.S. registered open-end investment management company (<I>i.e., </I>mutual fund); or</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; text-align: justify"><I>(b) </I>a
Canadian or foreign regulated mutual fund (UCITs etc.) which meets the following 4 requirements: (i) redemption on demand at
the net asset value of fund shares, (ii) forward pricing reflecting the net asset value of fund shares, (iii) daily
calculation of the fund&#8217;s net asset value in a manner consistent with principles and rules adopted under the Investment
Company Act of 1940, and (iv) absence of a secondary market. <I>Refer to SEC No-Action Letter, Manufacturers Adviser Corp.,
Sept. 10, 2002.</I></P>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">No Direct or Indirect Control Over Account</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Purchases, sales or dispositions of <I>Securities </I>over which a person has no direct or indirect influence or control (<I>e.g.</I>, a &quot;blind trust&quot; or certain managed accounts which the <I>Access Person </I>has obtained from the <I>Code Administrator </I>a written exemption).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Personal Trading &amp; Reporting System</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The web-based reporting and certification system used by <I>MAM </I>to facilitate compliance with certain periodic reporting and pre-clearance obligations imposed under the <I>Code </I>(<I>a.k.a., </I>PTCC). <I>Access Persons </I>not provided with access to the PTCC will make reports, disclosures, and certifications in an alternate method as directed by the <I>Code Administrator</I>.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Pre-Clearable Security</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All <I>Securities </I><U>except </U>those <I>Securities </I>listed on APPENDIX C of the <I>Code </I>as exempt from the pre-clearance requirements of the <I>Code</I>.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Preferred Brokers</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A current list of <I>MAM&#8217;s Preferred Brokers </I>can be found on the <I>Personal Trading &amp; Reporting System </I>website or by contacting the <I>Code Administrator. </I>Refer to Section 5.3 for further information regarding the <I>Preferred Broker </I>requirements.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>14</SUP> In reliance on the Prudential
<I>SEC </I>no-action letter, certain <I>MAM SEC</I>-registered investment advisers may include in the definition of &#8220;<I>MAM
Associate</I>&#8221; any person of a <I>MAM Affiliate </I>who is involved, directly, or indirectly, in <I>MAM&#8217;s </I>investment
advisory activities.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 20; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->20<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-top: 3.95pt; padding-left: 5.35pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Appendix A</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-top: 3.95pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Definitions of <I>Italicized </I>Code of Ethics Terms (Continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Pro Rata Discretionary Transactions</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Purchases or other acquisitions or dispositions of <I>Securities </I>resulting from the discretionary&nbsp;&nbsp;exercise of rights acquired <U>from an issuer </U>as part of a pro rata distribution to all holders of a class of <I>Securities </I>of the issuer. (<I>e.g</I>., discretionary participation in takeovers, rights &amp; tender/exchange offerings)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">Reportable Security</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-top: 5.95pt; padding-right: 0.8pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All <I>Securities </I>except those <I>Securities </I>listed as exempt from the Initial and Annual Holdings Report <U>and </U>Quarterly Transaction Report requirements on APPENDIX C of the <I>Code.</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Same Pre-Clearable Security</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-top: 5.95pt; padding-right: 5.2pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">For an equity <I>Security</I>, the <I>Same Pre-Clearable Security </I>would include all other equity securities of the same issuer or, other instrument whose value is derived from the value of the issuer&#8217;s equity <I>Securities</I>. For a debt <I>Security</I>, the <I>Same Pre-Clearable Security </I>would include all other debt instruments of the same issuer as well as any instrument whose value is derived from the credit, value or reference to the issuer&#8217;s debt.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Security (Securities)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-top: 5.95pt; padding-right: 4.9pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A &#8220;security&#8221; as defined by Section 1(1) of the Ontario Securities Act, the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Ordinance, Section 3(a)(10) or the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. <U>Examples include but are not limited to</U>: any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, mutual funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts, REITS, ETFs, commodity funds, broker cds, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral- trust certificate, pre-organization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, security-based swap, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any &#8220;security&#8221; (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privileged&nbsp;&nbsp;entered into on a national securities exchange related to foreign currency, or, in general, any&nbsp;&nbsp;interest or instrument commonly known as a &#8220;security&#8221;, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing. References to a <I>Security </I>also includes any warrant for, option in, or &#8220;security&#8221; or other instrument immediately convertible into or whose value is derived from that &#8220;security&#8221; and any instrument or right which is equivalent to that &#8220;security.&#8221; The definition of <I>Security </I>applies regardless of the registration status or domicile of registration of the <I>Security </I>(<I>i.e., </I>the term <I>Security </I>includes both private placements/limited partnership interests and publicly-traded securities as well as domestic and foreign <I>Securities</I>). For purposes of this <I>Code</I>, the definition of <I>Securities </I>also includes other instruments and interests labeled as reportable on APPENDIX C of this Code.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>Securities Laws</I></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-top: 5.95pt; padding-right: 4.95pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The <I>Securities Laws </I>include various domestic and foreign securities-related laws, statutes and rules/regulations that govern MAM&#8217;s investment management activities and includes: Ontario Securities Act, UK Financial Services Authority regulations, the Securities and Futures Ordinance of Hong Kong, Securities and Futures Act (Singapore), the Securities Act of 1933 (US), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (US), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (US), the Investment Company Act of 1940 (US), the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (US), Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (US), and the Bank Secrecy Act (US) (as it applies to funds and investment advisers)<I>.</I></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 21; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->21<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

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    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Appendix B</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Code of Ethics Initial Adoption and Amendment Dates</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Manulife Asset Management (US) LLC</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initially Adopted January 12, 2012, Amended Effective Date September 1, 2013</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Manulife Asset Management (North America) Limited</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initially Adopted February 22, 2012, Amended Effective Date November 1, 2013</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Manulife Asset Management Limited</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initially Adopted February 22, 2012, Amended Effective Date November 1, 2013</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife Asset Management (Europe) Limited</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initially Adopted September 1, 2013</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife General Account (Hong Kong) Ltd) (MANGA)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initially Adopted February 1, 2017</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife Investment (Shanghai) Limited Company</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initially Adopted March 3, 2017</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manulife Overseas Investment Fund Management (Shanghai) Limited Company. P.S.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Initially Adopted February 1, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 22; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->22<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right"><IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>APPENDIX C</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>Securities </I>Reporting &amp;
        Pre-Clearance</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Manulife Asset Management Code of Ethics</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Reportable Security: Initial and
        Annual Holdings Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Reportable Security: Quarterly Transaction
        Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 7.5pt 0 0; color: white"><B>Pre-Clearable Security?</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Unless otherwise indicated on this chart, (i) all
        <I>Securities </I>positions must be reported initially and annually thereafter, (ii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must receive
        advance pre-clearance approval, and (iii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must be reported quarterly.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>(italicized terms are defined in the Code)</I></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 3.55pt 0 4.9pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report the following
        types of <I>Securities </I>holdings?</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 8.1pt 0 4.9pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report transactions
        in the following types of <I>Securities</I>?</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 7.15pt 0 4.9pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to obtain pre-clearance
        approval prior to transacting in the following types of <I>Securities</I>?</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 7.15pt 0 4.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 4.95pt 0 4.9pt"><B><I>Note: </I></B><I>Level 3 Access Persons are
        only required to obtain pre- clearance approval for transactions involving IPOs, Limited Offerings, and Closed- End Investment
        Companies advised by a Manulife Affiliate</I></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Government <I>Securities</I></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Direct Obligations of the Government of the US or UK</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">State, Province or Municipal Bonds</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Direct Obligations of the Governments of Canada, Japan, Germany, France or Italy</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Money Market Instruments/Commodities/Currency</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Bankers Acceptances</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Bank Certificates of Deposit</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Brokerage Certificates of Deposit</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Commercial Paper</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>High Quality Short-Term Debt Instruments</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Repurchase Agreements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 5.95pt 28.65pt 0 0">Money Market Funds (including Money Market</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 28.65pt 0 0"><I>Affiliated Mutual Funds</I>)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Physical Commodities and Options and Futures on Commodities (not commodity ETFs or closed-end funds)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Foreign and Domestic Currency Holdings/ Transactions (including currency options and futures)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 23; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->23<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>APPENDIX C</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>Securities </I>Reporting &amp;
        Pre-Clearance</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>(Continued)</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0; color: white"><B>Manulife Asset Management Code
        of Ethics</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Reportable Security: Initial and
        Annual Holdings Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Reportable Security: Quarterly Transaction
        Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Pre-Clearable Security?</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Unless otherwise indicated on this chart, (i)
        all <I>Securities </I>positions must be reported initially and annually thereafter, (ii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must
        receive advance pre-clearance approval, and (iii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must be reported quarterly.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 8.05pt 0 4.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>(italicized terms are defined in the Code)</I></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report the following types of <I>Securities </I>holdings?</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report transactions in the following types of <I>Securities</I>?</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 7pt 0 4.9pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to obtain pre-clearance
        approval prior to transacting in the following types of <I>Securities</I>?</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.3pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 6.4pt 0 4.9pt"><B><I>Note: </I></B><I>Level 3 Access Persons are only
        required to obtain pre- clearance approval for transactions involving IPOs, Limited Offerings, and Closed-End Investment Companies
        advised by a Manulife Affiliate</I></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>IPOs / Private Placements / Limited Offerings</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">IPOs (Note: Prohibited for Access Person Level 1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Private Placements/Private Funds/Limited Offerings</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Issuer Event Transactions / Automatic Investment Plans</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Involuntary Issuer Transactions and Holdings</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 10.2pt 0 13.05pt; text-align: left">(stock dividends, stock splits/reverse
        splits, or other similar reorganizations or distributions, call of a debt security, and spin-offs of shares to existing holders)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">No</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Issuer <I>Pro Rata Discretionary
        Transactions/Elections</I></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 10.2pt 0 13.05pt; text-align: left"><I></I>(purchases or other acquisitions or dispositions resulting from the discretionary exercise of rights
        acquired <U>from an issuer </U>as part of a pro rata distribution to all holders of a class of <I>Securities </I>of such issuer)
        (<I>e.g</I>., discretionary participation in takeovers, rights &amp; tender/exchange offerings)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 12.85pt 0 4.9pt">Yes. Pre-clearance approval for discretionary elections
        should be sought by <U>manually </U>phoning or emailing the <I>Code Administrator </I>directly.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><I>Automatic Investment Plans</I></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 10.2pt 0 13.05pt; text-align: left">(a program in which regular periodic purchases or
        withdrawals are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation)</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 18.9pt 0 13.05pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 8.05pt 0 22.05pt">(for Mutual Funds AIPs Refer to below)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 9.75pt 0 4.9pt">Yes. You must add up all of the Plan transactions
        for the year and reflect the activity on the Annual Holdings Report</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 10.25pt 0 4.9pt">No. You do not need to report automatic (non- discretionary)
        Plan transactions on the Quarterly Transaction Report</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 6.55pt 0 4.9pt">No, however, transactions that override the
automatic preset schedule (discretionary purchases/sales, discretionary changes in individual security selection) must be pre-cleared.
<U>Note</U>: You do not need to pre-clear a change to your money contribution level into a Plan.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 24; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->24<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0; text-align: right"><IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>APPENDIX C</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>Securities </I>Reporting &amp;
        Pre-Clearance</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>(Continued)</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0; color: white"><B>Manulife Asset Management Code
        of Ethics</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Reportable Security: Initial and
        Annual Holdings Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>Reportable Security: Quarterly Transaction
        Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 6.95pt 0 0; color: white"><B>Pre-Clearable Security?</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Unless otherwise indicated on this chart, (i)
        all <I>Securities </I>positions must be reported initially and annually thereafter, (ii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must
        receive advance pre-clearance approval, and (iii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must be reported quarterly.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 5.95pt 8.05pt 0 4.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>(italicized terms are defined in the Code)</I></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report the following types of <I>Securities </I>holdings?</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report transactions in the following types of <I>Securities</I>?</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to obtain pre-clearance
        approval prior to transacting in the following types of <I>Securities</I>?</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.3pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 6.4pt 0 4.9pt"><B><I>Note</I></B><I>: Level 3 Access Persons are only
        required to obtain pre- clearance approval for transactions involving IPOs, Limited Offerings, and Closed-End Investment Companies
        advised by a Manulife Affiliate</I></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Issuer Event Transactions / Automatic Investment Plans</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Dividend Reinvestment Plan Automatic Transactions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Issuer Direct Stock Plan Automatic Transactions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F3F3F3">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 4.4pt 0 0; text-indent: 0">Issuer Direct Stock Plan
        Non-Automatic Transactions</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 4.4pt 0 0; text-indent: 1em">(discretionary transactions)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 28.65pt 0 28.6pt; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 42.15pt 0 41.95pt; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 7pt 0 4.9pt">Yes. A pre-cleared transaction instruction is valid
        until executed by the Plan.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Investment Company <I>Securities</I></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Closed-End Investment Companies</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 2.2pt 0 0">Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) and Exchange Traded Notes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 28.85pt 0 28.8pt; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 42.4pt 0 42.2pt; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 10.45pt 0 5.15pt">Yes, however, <I>Exempt ETFs </I>do not need to
        be pre-cleared (Refer to definition in Code)</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 2.2pt 0 0">Money Market Funds (including Money Market
<I>Affiliated Mutual Funds</I>)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.2pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 28.8pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.2pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 42.4pt 0 42.1pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.2pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 69.35pt 0 69.25pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>Mutual Funds</I>* (non-affiliated)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 23pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>* Affiliated Mutual Funds</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 23pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">* <I>Affiliated Mutual Funds </I>interests held by or through the Manulife Registered Pension Plan (RPS), Manulife Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP), John Hancock Unified 401k Plan, other employer-sponsored retirement plan, 529/RESP plan, or any other account.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
	        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 28.85pt 0 28.8pt; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes, however do not report automatic transactions/rebalanc es (in accordance with a predetermined schedule/ allocation) on the Quarterly Transaction Report</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
	        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 69.35pt 0 69.25pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 23pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>* Affiliated Mutual Funds </I>held through a variable (annuity or life) insurance product separate account/unit investment trust</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes (report <I>Affiliated Mutual Fund </I>unit values)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Yes, however do not report automatic transactions/rebalanc es (in accordance with a predetermined schedule/ allocation) on the Quarterly Transaction Report</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 69.35pt 0 69.25pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 25; Value: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; border-bottom: Silver 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 91%">Complete definitions for <I>italicized </I>terms may be found in APPENDIX A of the <I>Code</I>.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->25<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_007.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 42px; width: 318px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; border: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B>APPENDIX C</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>Securities </I>Reporting &amp;
        Pre-Clearance</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>(Continued)</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; color: white"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 0 0; color: white"><B>Manulife Asset Management Code
        of Ethics</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left; color: white"><B>Reportable
        Security: Initial and Annual Holdings Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.35pt 0 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.05pt; color: white"><B>Reportable
        Security: Quarterly Transaction Reports</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt; text-align: left">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 6.95pt 0 0; text-align: left; color: white"><B>Pre-Clearable
        Security?</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Unless otherwise indicated on this chart, (i)
        all <I>Securities </I>positions must be reported initially and annually thereafter, (ii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must
        receive advance pre-clearance approval, and (iii) all <I>Securities </I>transactions must be reported quarterly.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 9.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 2.2pt 0 0"><I>(italicized terms are defined in the Code)</I></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 11pt 0 5.15pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report the
        following types of <I>Securities </I>holdings?</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 11pt 0 5.15pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to report transactions
        in the following types of <I>Securities</I>?</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">

        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.05pt 11.05pt 0 5.15pt">Does the <I>Access Person </I>need to obtain
        pre-clearance approval prior to transacting in the following types of Securities?</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 14.2pt 0 5.15pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 14.2pt 0 5.15pt"><B><I>Note: </I></B><I>Level 3 Access Persons are
        only required to obtain pre-clearance approval for transactions involving IPOs, Limited Offerings, and Closed- End Investment Companies
        advised by a Manulife Affiliate</I></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Employee Compensation Instruments</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">MFC Shares in the MFC Global Share Ownership Plan (GSOP)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.45pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Purchases&#8212;No Sales&#8212;Yes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.45pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 30.2pt 0 30pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">MFC Restricted Share Units (RSU), Deferred Share Units (DSU), or Performance Share Units (PSU)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0">No</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">No</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 30.2pt 0 30pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Options Acquired from MFC or Other Public Company Employer as Part of Employee Compensation&nbsp;&nbsp;(MFC Solium Account options)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Grants - </B>No. You do not need to pre-clear
        a MFC option grant but do need to report the grant in your quarterly transaction report.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 5.85pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Exercising Options </B>- Yes. You do need
        to pre-clear a sale or exercise of these employment-related options.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: -20"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Employer Phantom Stock/Phantom Option Interest (granted as compensation to employee, only employer can redeem interest and interest is non-transferrable)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0">No</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">No</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 30.2pt 0 30pt; text-align: center">No</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #4E685D">
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: white"><B>Gifts / Blind Trusts / Managed Accounts</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Gifts, Inheritances, or Donations of <I>Reportable Securities&nbsp;&nbsp;</I>(received or given)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 6.85pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 6.85pt; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Yes</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Securities Gifts &amp; Inheritances Received
        - </B>No</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Securities Given or Donated - </B>Yes</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #F1F1F1">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; font: 11pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding: 4pt 4pt 4pt 20pt; text-indent: -20"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No Direct or Indirect Control Over Account (<I>Securities </I>held in, purchased/sold for an account where a person does not have direct or indirect influence or investment/ proxy voting control<I>, e.g., </I>Blind Trusts, <U>Certain </U>Managed Accounts)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 8.95pt 11pt 0 31.9pt">No*</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 8.95pt 31.9pt 0 0; text-align: right">No*</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">No*</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">*However, you must report initial and annual
        holdings in (as well as pre- clear and report quarterly transactions for) a <U>Managed Account </U>unless the Access Person has
        obtained a specific written pre- clearance or reporting exemption from the <I>Code Administrator</I>.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.(2)(S)
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>html737_ex99-2s.htm
<DESCRIPTION>POWER OF ATTORNEY DATED DECEMBER 13, 2018
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT (2)(s)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Financial Opportunities Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Hedged Equity &amp; Income Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Income Securities Trust</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Investors Trust</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Preferred Income Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Preferred Income Fund II</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Preferred Income Fund III</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Premium Dividend Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Tax-Advantaged Dividend Income
Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>John Hancock Tax-Advantaged Global Shareholder
Yield Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>(each a &#8220;Trust&#8221; and collectively
the &#8220;Trusts&#8221;)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 6pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>POWER OF ATTORNEY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The undersigned Trustee or Officer of each Trust,
each a Massachusetts business trust, does hereby appoint John J. Danello, Kinga Kapuscinski, Thomas Dee, Ariel Ayanna, Nicholas
J. Kolokithas, Christopher Sechler, Betsy Anne Seel, Steven Sunnerberg, Harsha Pulluru, Sarah M. Coutu, Edward Macdonald, Suzanne
Lambert and Mara Moldwin, to be my true, sufficient and lawful attorneys-in-fact, with full power to each of them, and each acting
singly, to sign for me, in my name and in the capacity indicated below, any registration statements on Form N-2 to be filed by
the Trust under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the &#8220;1940 Act&#8221;), and under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended (the &#8220;1933 Act&#8221;), and any and all exhibits and other documents relating thereto, and any and all amendments
to said registration statements, and to do generally all such things in my name and on my behalf in the capacity indicated below
to enable the Trust to comply with the 1940 Act, the 1933 Act, and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">This Power of Attorney shall be revocable with
respect to an undersigned at any time by a writing signed by such undersigned and shall terminate automatically if the undersigned
ceases to be a Trustee or Officer of the Trust.</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Dated: December 13, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B><U>Name</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%; padding: 0 0 0 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B><U>Signature</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; padding: 0 0 0 5.4pt; text-indent: 6.85pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><B><U>Title</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Andrew G. Arnott</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Andrew G. Arnott&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">President and Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Charles A. Rizzo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Charles A. Rizzo&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 6pt 0 0">Chief Financial Officer</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Charles L. Bardelis</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Charles L. Bardelis&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">James R. Boyle</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ James R. Boyle&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Peter S. Burgess</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Peter S. Burgess&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">William H. Cunningham</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ William H. Cunningham&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Grace K. Fey</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Grace K. Fey&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Marianne Harrison</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Marianne Harrison&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Theron S. Hoffman</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Theron S. Hoffman&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Deborah C. Jackson</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Deborah C. Jackson&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Hassell H. McClellan</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Hassell H. McClellan&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">James M. Oates</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ James M. Oates&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Steven R. Pruchansky</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Steven R. Pruchansky&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Gregory A. Russo</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><U>/s/ Gregory A. Russo&#9;</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Warren A. Thomson</FONT></TD>
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-top: 12pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<DOCUMENT>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>organizationalchart.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
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