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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q

x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2025
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
| For the Transition Period from _____ to _____

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 0-19687
Ascent Industries Co.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  |  | 57-0426694
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
20 N. Martingale Rd, | Suite 430, |  |  |
Schaumburg, | Illinois |  |  | 60173
(Address of principal executive offices) |  |  | (Zip Code)
|  | (630) | 884-9181 |
|  | (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share | ACNT | NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | x | Non-accelerated filer | ☐
Smaller reporting company | x | Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No x
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock as of October 31, 2025 was 9,364,814

Table of Contents
Ascent Industries Co.
Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Disclosure Regarding Forward Looking Statements | 2
Item 1. |  | Financial Statements |
|  | Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024 | 3
|  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | 4
|  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | 5
|  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | 6
|  | Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) |
|  | Note 1: Basis of Presentation | 8
|  | Note 2: Discontinued Operations | 9
|  | Note 3: Revenue Recognition | 10
|  | Note 4: Fair Value of Financial Instruments | 11
|  | Note 5: Inventories | 12
|  | Note 6: Property, Plant and Equipment | 13
|  | Note 7: Intangible Assets and Deferred Charges | 13
|  | Note 8: Debt | 14
|  | Note 9: Leases | 14
|  | Note 10: Shareholders' Equity | 16
|  | Note 11: Earnings Per Share | 17
|  | Note 12: Income Taxes | 17
|  | Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies | 18
|  | Note 14: Industry Segments | 18
|  | Note 15: Subsequent Events | 20
Item 2. |  | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
Item 3. |  | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 27
Item 4. |  | Controls and Procedures | 27
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. |  | Legal Proceedings | 28
Item 1A. |  | Risk Factors | 28
Item 2. |  | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 28
Item 3. |  | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 28
Item 4. |  | Mine Safety Disclosures | 28
Item 5. |  | Other Information | 28
Item 6. |  | Exhibits | 29
|  | Signatures | 30

1

Table of Contents
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other applicable federal securities laws. All statements that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. Forward looking statements can be identified through the use of words such as "estimate," "project," "intend," "expect," "believe," "should," "anticipate," "hope," "optimistic," "plan," "outlook," "should," "could," "may" and similar expressions. The forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including without limitation those identified below, which could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or those anticipated. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The following factors could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or those anticipated: adverse economic conditions, including risks relating to the impact and spread of and the government’s response to pandemics; inability to weather an economic downturn; the impact of competitive products and pricing; product demand and acceptance risks; raw material and other increased costs, including the impact of tariffs; raw material availability; financial stability of the Company’s customers; customer delays or difficulties in the production of products; loss of consumer or investor confidence; employee relations; ability to maintain workforce by hiring trained employees; labor efficiencies; risks associated with acquisitions; environmental issues; negative or unexpected results from tax law changes; inability to comply with covenants and ratios required by the Company’s debt financing arrangements; and other risks detailed from time-to-time in Ascent Industries Co.'s Securities and Exchange Commission filings, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K, which filings are available from the SEC. Ascent Industries Co. assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking information included in this release.
2

Table of Contents
Part I - Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
Ascent Industries Co.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except par value and share data)

| (Unaudited) |  |
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Assets |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 58,042 |  |  | $ | 16,098 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $1,161 and $202, respectively | 12,603 |  |  | 12,232 |
Advances and other receivables | 5,378 |  |  | 52 |
Inventories | 7,178 |  |  | 5,727 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 1,682 |  |  | 1,122 |
Current assets of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 47,841 |
Total current assets | 84,883 |  |  | 83,072 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 16,096 |  |  | 17,589 |
Right-of-use assets, operating leases, net | 15,075 |  |  | 28,140 |
Intangible assets, net | 2,986 |  |  | 3,445 |
Deferred charges, net | 338 |  |  | 309 |
Other non-current assets, net | 511 |  |  | 512 |
Long-term assets of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 14,183 |
Total assets | $ | 119,889 |  |  | $ | 147,250 |
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 5,466 |  |  | $ | 6,836 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 5,691 |  |  | 3,598 |
Current portion of note payable | 758 |  |  | 369 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities | 1,035 |  |  | 1,495 |
Current portion of finance lease liabilities | 306 |  |  | 293 |
Current liabilities of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 9,756 |
Total current liabilities | 13,256 |  |  | 22,347 |
Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities | 18,563 |  |  | 29,972 |
Long-term portion of finance lease liabilities | 784 |  |  | 1,015 |
Deferred income taxes | 153 |  |  | 320 |
Other long-term liabilities | 45 |  |  | 51 |
Total non-current liabilities | 19,545 |  |  | 31,358 |
Total liabilities | $ | 32,801 |  |  | $ | 53,705 |
Commitments and contingencies – See Note 13 |  |  |
Shareholders' equity: |  |  |
Common stock, par value $1 per share; 24,000,000 shares authorized; 9,373,680 and 10,072,590 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively | $ | 11,085 |  |  | $ | 11,085 |
Capital in excess of par value | 47,577 |  |  | 47,339 |
Retained earnings | 46,825 |  |  | 44,919 |
| 105,487 |  |  | 103,343 |
Less: cost of common stock in treasury - 1,711,423 and 1,012,513 shares, respectively | (18,399) |  |  | (9,798) |
Total shareholders' equity | 87,088 |  |  | 93,545 |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 119,889 |  |  | $ | 147,250 |

Note: The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date. See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3

Table of Contents
Ascent Industries Co.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net sales | $ | 19,697 |  |  | $ | 20,878 |  |  | $ | 56,183 |  |  | $ | 62,642 |
Cost of sales | 13,856 |  |  | 17,870 |  |  | 42,410 |  |  | 55,435 |
Gross profit | 5,841 |  |  | 3,008 |  |  | 13,773 |  |  | 7,207 |
Selling, general and administrative | 6,253 |  |  | 5,034 |  |  | 17,567 |  |  | 15,518 |
Acquisition costs and other | 398 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 665 |  |  | 54 |
Asset impairments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,622 |  |  | — |
Gain on lease modification | — |  |  | (67) |  |  | (544) |  |  | (67) |
Operating loss from continuing operations | (810) |  |  | (1,961) |  |  | (5,537) |  |  | (8,298) |
Other expense (income) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense (income), net | (447) |  |  | 124 |  |  | (347) |  |  | 323 |
Other, net | (296) |  |  | (91) |  |  | (581) |  |  | (303) |
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | (67) |  |  | (1,994) |  |  | (4,609) |  |  | (8,318) |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 58 |  |  | 5,807 |  |  | (32) |  |  | 4,413 |
Loss from continuing operations | (125) |  |  | (7,801) |  |  | (4,577) |  |  | (12,731) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | (1,962) |  |  | 1,649 |  |  | 6,483 |  |  | 160 |
Net income (loss) | $ | (2,087) |  |  | $ | (6,152) |  |  | $ | 1,906 |  |  | $ | (12,571) |
Net loss per common share from continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.77) |  |  | $ | (0.47) |  |  | $ | (1.26) |
Diluted | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.77) |  |  | $ | (0.47) |  |  | $ | (1.26) |
Net income (loss) per common share from discontinued operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.21) |  |  | $ | 0.16 |  |  | $ | 0.67 |  |  | $ | 0.02 |
Diluted | $ | (0.21) |  |  | $ | 0.16 |  |  | $ | 0.67 |  |  | $ | 0.02 |
Net income (loss) per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.22) |  |  | $ | (0.61) |  |  | $ | 0.20 |  |  | $ | (1.24) |
Diluted | $ | (0.22) |  |  | $ | (0.61) |  |  | $ | 0.20 |  |  | $ | (1.24) |
Weighted average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 9,379 |  | 10,114 |  | 9,733 |  |  | 10,111 |
Diluted | 9,379 |  | 10,114 |  | 9,733 |  |  | 10,111 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4

Table of Contents
Ascent Industries Co.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
Operating activities |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 1,906 |  |  | $ | (12,571) |
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax | 6,483 |  |  | 160 |
Net loss from continuing operations | (4,577) |  |  | (12,731) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation expense | 2,724 |  |  | 2,923 |
Amortization expense | 459 |  |  | 522 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 217 |  |  | 74 |
Asset impairments | 1,622 |  |  | — |
Deferred income taxes | (32) |  |  | 6,639 |
(Reduction of) provision for losses on accounts receivable | (488) |  |  | 214 |
Non-cash lease expense | 85 |  |  | 96 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 512 |  |  | 592 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable and advances | (5,210) |  |  | (246) |
Inventories | (1,450) |  |  | 3,692 |
Other assets and liabilities | (1,517) |  |  | (708) |
Accounts payable | (1,535) |  |  | (2,621) |
Accrued expenses | 1,741 |  |  | 1,809 |
Accrued income taxes | (119) |  |  | 669 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities - continuing operations | (7,568) |  |  | 924 |
Net cash provided by operating activities - discontinued operations | 6,783 |  |  | 4,934 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (785) |  |  | 5,858 |
Investing activities |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (1,082) |  |  | (737) |
Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operations | (1,082) |  |  | (737) |
Net cash provided by investing activities - discontinued operations | 52,525 |  |  | 2,253 |
Net cash provided by investing activities | 51,443 |  |  | 1,516 |
Financing activities |  |  |
Borrowings from credit facilities | 114,470 |  |  | 156,923 |
Proceeds from note payable | 1,085 |  |  | 914 |
Payments on credit facilities | (114,470) |  |  | (156,923) |
Payments on note payable | (696) |  |  | (633) |
Principal payments on finance lease obligations | (219) |  |  | (219) |
Repurchase of common stock | (8,875) |  |  | (738) |
Net cash used in financing activities - continuing operations | (8,705) |  |  | (676) |
Net cash used in financing activities - discontinued operations | (19) |  |  | (2) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (8,724) |  |  | (678) |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 41,934 |  |  | 6,696 |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations | — |  |  | 10 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 16,108 |  |  | 1,841 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 58,042 |  |  | $ | 8,547 |

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information |  |  |
Cash paid for: |  |  |
Interest | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | 207 |
Noncash Investing Activities: |  |  |
Capital expenditures, not yet paid | $ | 149 |  |  | $ | 107 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  |  |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total
| Shares | Amount |  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |
Balance June 30, 2025 | 11,085 |  | $ | 11,085 |  |  | $ | 47,375 |  |  | $ | 48,912 |  |  |  |  | 1,655 |  |  | $ | (17,656) |  |  | $ | 89,716 |
Net loss | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,087) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (2,087) |
Issuance of 8,279 shares of common stock from treasury | — |  | — |  |  | (89) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (8) |  |  | 89 |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation | — |  | — |  |  | 291 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 291 |
Repurchase of 64,782 shares of common stock | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 65 |  |  | (832) |  |  | (832) |
Balance as of September 30, 2025 | 11,085 |  | $ | 11,085 |  |  | $ | 47,577 |  |  | $ | 46,825 |  |  |  |  | 1,712 |  |  | $ | (18,399) |  |  | $ | 87,088 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  |  |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total
| Shares | Amount |  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |
Balance at December 31, 2024 | 11,085 |  | $ | 11,085 |  |  | $ | 47,339 |  |  | $ | 44,919 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,012 |  |  | $ | (9,798) |  |  | $ | 93,545 |
Net income | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,906 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 1,906 |
Issuance of 26,865 shares of common stock from treasury | — |  | — |  |  | (274) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (26) |  |  | 274 |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation | — |  | — |  |  | 512 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 512 |
Repurchase of 725,775 shares of common stock | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 726 |  |  | (8,875) |  |  | (8,875) |
Balance as of September 30, 2025 | 11,085 |  | $ | 11,085 |  |  | $ | 47,577 |  |  | $ | 46,825 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,712 |  |  | $ | (18,399) |  |  | $ | 87,088 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6

Ascent Industries Co.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited)
Continued

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  |  |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total
| Shares | Amount |  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |
Balance June 30, 2024 | 11,085 |  | $ | 11,085 |  |  | $ | 47,111 |  |  | $ | 52,098 |  |  |  |  | 960 |  |  | $ | (9,252) |  |  | $ | 101,042 |
Net loss | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,152) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (6,152) |
Issuance of 10,852 shares of common stock from treasury | — |  | — |  |  | (105) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (11) |  |  | 105 |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation | — |  | — |  |  | 232 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 232 |
Repurchase of 42,623 shares of common stock | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 43 |  |  | (417) |  |  | (417) |
Balance as of September 30, 2024 | 11,085 |  | 11,085 |  |  | 47,238 |  |  | 45,946 |  |  |  |  | 992 |  |  | (9,564) |  |  | $ | 94,705 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  |  |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total
| Shares | Amount |  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |
Balance at December 31, 2023 | 11,085 |  | $ | 11,085 |  |  | $ | 47,333 |  |  | $ | 58,517 |  |  |  |  | 990 |  |  | $ | (9,525) |  |  | $ | 107,410 |
Net loss | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,571) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (12,571) |
Issuance of 72,331 shares of common stock from treasury | — |  | — |  |  | (696) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (72) |  |  | 696 |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation | — |  | — |  |  | 601 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 601 |
Repurchase 74,186 of common stock | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 74 |  |  | (735) |  |  | (735) |
Balance as of September 30, 2024 | 11,085 |  | 11,085 |  |  | 47,238 |  |  | 45,946 |  |  |  |  | 992 |  |  | (9,564) |  |  | $ | 94,705 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Unless indicated otherwise, the terms "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Ascent Industries Co. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Note 1: Basis of Presentation
Basis of Financial Statement Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and do not include all the disclosures normally required in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, in the opinion of management, contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present a fair statement of the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2025, the statements of income (loss) and shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, and the statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The December 31, 2024 condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from the audited financial statements.
These interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the "Annual Report"). The financial results for the interim periods may not be indicative of the financial results for the entire year as our future assessment of our current expectations could result in material impacts to our consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company's financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the carrying value of property, plant and equipment; intangible assets; valuation allowances for receivables and deferred income tax assets and liabilities; environmental liabilities; liabilities for potential tax deficiencies; and, potential litigation claims and settlements. The Company bases these estimates on historical results and various other assumptions believed to be reasonable, all of which form the basis for making estimates concerning the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are readily available from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation, including the Company's Tubular Products segment, which includes Bristol Metals ("BRISMET") and American Stainless Tubing ("ASTI"), to discontinued operations and provision for (reduction of) inventory losses on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted
In December 2024, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The ASU expands public entities’ segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount and description of its composition for other segment items, and interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. All disclosure requirements under ASU 2023-07 are also required for public entities with a single reportable segment. The adoption of this standard by the Company did not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements or footnote disclosures.
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU requires consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The amendments also require that all entities disclose more detailed information about income taxes paid, including by jurisdiction; pretax income (or loss) from continuing operations; and income tax expense (or benefit). The ASU is effective for the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, and subsequent interim periods, with early
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.
In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures. The ASU requires updated disclosures, in the notes to the financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. The amendments require that at each interim and annual reporting period an entity disclose the amounts of purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization and depreciation, depletion, and amortization recognized as part of oil and gas producing activities included in relevant expense captions. The amendments also require disclosure of qualitative descriptions of amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated and to disclose the total amount of selling expenses as well as the entity's definition of selling expenses. The ASU is effective for the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2027, and subsequent interim periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.
Recent accounting pronouncements pending adoption not discussed in this Form 10-Q are either not applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact on the Company.
Note 2: Discontinued Operations
Divestiture of Bristol Metals
On March 12, 2025, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Synalloy Metals, Inc. ("Synalloy Metals") and Bristol Metals, LLC. ("BRISMET"), entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which they sold substantially all of the assets related to BRISMET to Bristol Pipe and Tube, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Ta Chen International, Inc. (the “Purchaser”). Ascent and Purchaser also entered into a Transition Services Agreement (the “TSA”) dated March 12, 2025, pursuant to which Ascent has agreed to provide certain transition services to Purchaser immediately after the closing for certain agreed upon transition periods. On April 4, 2025, the Company and Purchaser completed the transaction contemplated by the Purchase Agreement. The consideration for the transaction was approximately $45 million of cash proceeds, of which $4.5 million was placed in an escrow account to be received in 18 months from the closing date. The escrow amount is presented within "Advances and other receivables" on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company and Purchaser completed the measurement period closing adjustments under the terms of the Purchase Agreement resulting in a pretax gain on sale of $2.5 million. As result of the sale, BRISMET results of operations are classified under discontinued operations for all periods presented. Prior to the divestiture, BRISMET was reported under the Company's former Tubular Products segment.
Divestiture of American Stainless Tubing
On June 23, 2025, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary American Stainless Tubing, Inc. ("ASTI"), entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which they sold substantially all of the assets related to ASTI to First Tube, LLC., a Texas limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Triple-S Steel Holdings, Inc (the “Purchaser”). On June 30, 2025, the Company and Purchaser completed the transaction contemplated by the Purchase Agreement. The consideration for the transaction was approximately $16 million of cash proceeds, of which $0.8 million was placed in an escrow account to be received in 12 months from the closing date. The escrow amount is presented within "Advances and other receivables" on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The sale resulted in a preliminary, pretax gain on sale of $4.6 million, subject to certain measurement period closing adjustments. ASTI's results of operations are classified under discontinued operations for all periods presented. Prior to the divestiture, ASTI was reported under the Company's former Tubular Products segment.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table presents the aggregate carrying amounts of the classes of assets and liabilities of the Company's discontinued operations:

(in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Carrying amounts of assets included as part of discontinued operations: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10 |
Accounts receivable, net | — |  |  | 11,597 |
Inventories | — |  |  | 35,236 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | — |  |  | 998 |
Current assets classified as discontinued operations | — |  |  | 47,841 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | — |  |  | 7,873 |
Right-of-use assets, operating leases, net | — |  |  | 85 |
Intangible assets, net | — |  |  | 3,564 |
Other non-current assets, net | — |  |  | 2,661 |
Long-term assets classified as discontinued operations | — |  |  | 14,183 |
Total assets classified as discontinued operations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 62,024 |
Carrying amounts of current liabilities included as part of discontinued operations: |  |  |
Accounts payable | — |  |  | 6,252 |
Deferred revenue | — |  |  | 1,360 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | — |  |  | 2,019 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities | — |  |  | 84 |
Current portion of finance lease liabilities |  |  | 41 |
Current liabilities classified as discontinued operations | — |  |  | 9,756 |
Total liabilities classified as discontinued operations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,756 |

The financial results are presented as income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income (loss). The following table summarizes the results of the Company's discontinued operations:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net sales | $ | — |  |  | $ | 22,051 |  |  | $ | 34,460 |  |  | $ | 74,848 |
Cost of sales | — |  |  | 19,037 |  |  | 29,770 |  |  | 68,982 |
Gross profit | — |  |  | 3,014 |  |  | 4,690 |  |  | 5,866 |
Selling, general and administrative expense | — |  |  | 632 |  |  | 1,888 |  |  | 4,115 |
Loss (gain) on sale of assets | 1,900 |  |  | (1,541) |  |  | (7,094) |  |  | (1,541) |
Acquisition costs and other | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | 3,421 |  |  | 153 |
Asset impairments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,115 |
Income (loss) on discontinued operations before income taxes | (1,900) |  |  | 3,915 |  |  | 6,475 |  |  | 2,024 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 62 |  |  | 2,266 |  |  | (8) |  |  | 1,864 |
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | (1,962) |  |  | $ | 1,649 |  |  | $ | 6,483 |  |  | $ | 160 |

Note 3: Revenue Recognition
Revenue is generated primarily from contracts to produce, ship and deliver specialty chemical products. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers upon shipment, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company's revenues are derived from contracts with customers where performance obligations are satisfied at a point-in-time or over-time. For certain contracts under which the Company produces product with no alternative use and for which the Company has an enforceable
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
right to payment during the production cycle, product in which the material is customer owned or in which the customer simultaneously consumes the benefits throughout the production cycle, progress toward satisfying the performance obligation is measured using an output method of units produced. Certain customer arrangements consist of bill-and-hold characteristics under which transfer of control has been met (including the passing of title and significant risk and reward of ownership to the customers). Therefore, the customers can direct the use of the bill-and-hold inventory while we retain physical possession of the product until it is shipped to a customer at a point in time in the future.
Sales tax and other taxes we collect with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Shipping costs charged to customers are treated as fulfillment activities and are recorded in both revenue and cost of sales at the time control is transferred to the customer. Costs related to obtaining sales contracts are incidental and are expensed when incurred. Because customers are invoiced at the time title transfers and the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional at that time, the Company does not maintain contract asset balances. Additionally, the Company does not maintain material contract liability balances, as performance obligations for substantially all contracts are satisfied prior to customer payment for product. The Company offers industry standard payment terms.
The following table presents the Company's revenues, disaggregated by revenue source from continuing operations:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |
(in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Custom Manufacturing | $ | 12,802 |  |  | $ | 14,706 |  |  | $ | 40,591 |  |  | $ | 45,469 |  |  |  |  |
Product Innovation & Sales | 6,895 |  |  | 6,172 |  |  | 15,592 |  |  | 17,173 |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 19,697 |  |  | $ | 20,878 |  |  | $ | 56,183 |  |  | $ | 62,642 |  |  |  |  |

Performance obligations are supported by contracts with customers, providing a framework for the nature of the distinct goods, services or bundle of goods and services. The timing of satisfying the performance obligation is typically indicated by the terms of the contract. The following table represents the Company's revenue recognized at a point-in-time and over-time:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 | 2025 |  | 2024
Point-in-time | $ | 16,322 |  |  | $ | 16,509 |  | $ | 41,640 |  |  | $ | 46,600 |
Over-time | $ | 3,375 |  |  | $ | 4,369 |  | $ | 14,543 |  |  | $ | 16,042 |

Note 4: Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. To measure fair value, we use a three-tier valuation hierarchy based upon observable and non-observable inputs:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.
Level 2 - Significant other observable inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, either directly or indirectly, including:
•Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
•Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets;
•Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and
•Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by other observable market data.
Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data and reflect the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using model-based techniques, including option pricing models, discounted cash flow models, probability weighted models, and Monte Carlo simulations.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company's only significant measurements of assets or liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition were certain right-of-use assets. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 the Company's only significant measurements of assets or liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition were certain long-lived assets.
The Company reviews the carrying amounts of right-of-use and long-lived assets whenever certain events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The Company assesses performance quarterly against historical patterns, projections of future profitability, and whether it is more likely than not that the assets will be disposed of significantly prior to the end of their estimated useful life for evidence of possible impairment. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of the asset (disposal) group is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. The Company estimates the fair values of assets subject to right-of-use and long-lived asset impairment based on the Company's own judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets and observable market data, when available.
Right-of-use assets
During the second quarter of 2025, the Company incurred impairment charges of $1.6 million related to the write down of the right-of-use asset for the Company's Master lease associated with the former Munhall facility. Fair value was estimated by using a discounted cash flow method. The discounted future cash flows were determined based on future sublease rental rates, future sublease market conditions and a discount rate based on the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The Company remains obligated under the terms of the lease for the rent and other costs that may be associated with the lease of the facility through 2036 and is actively exploring alternatives for the facility.
Long-lived assets
During the second quarter of 2023, the Board of Directors of the Company made the decision to permanently cease operations at the Munhall facility effective on or around August 31, 2023. As a result of this decision, it was determined to be more likely than not that the assets of Munhall would be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of their previously estimated useful lives, and therefore, experienced a triggering event and were evaluated for recoverability. During the first quarter of 2024, the Company incurred asset impairment charges of $1.1 million related to the write down of the remaining long-lived assets at the facility. During the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to sell the remaining assets at the Munhall facility for approximately $2.8 million. The Company recognized a $1.5 million gain on the sale in the third quarter of 2024.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and the Company's note payable approximated their carrying value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The Company's revolving line of credit and long-term debt, which is based on a variable interest rate, are also reflected in the financial statements at carrying value which approximate fair values as of September 30, 2025. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents are considered Level 1 measurements. The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, accounts payable, note payable, revolving line of credit and long-term debt are considered Level 2 measurements. See Note 8 for further information on the Company's debt.
Note 5: Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined by either specific identification or weighted average methods. The components of inventories from continuing operations are as follows:

(in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Raw materials | $ | 6,344 |  |  | $ | 5,506 |
Finished goods | 2,381 |  |  | 1,381 |
| 8,725 |  |  | 6,887 |
Less: inventory reserves | (1,547) |  |  | (1,160) |
Inventories | $ | 7,178 |  |  | $ | 5,727 |

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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 6: Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment from continuing operations consist of the following:

(in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Land | $ | 518 |  |  | $ | 665 |
Leasehold improvements | 2,374 |  |  | 2,220 |
Buildings | 1,830 |  |  | 1,475 |
Machinery, fixtures and equipment | 39,911 |  |  | 39,038 |
Construction-in-progress | 551 |  |  | 875 |
| 45,184 |  |  | 44,273 |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | (29,088) |  |  | (26,684) |
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 16,096 |  |  | $ | 17,589 |

The following table sets forth depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |
(in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | $ | 789 |  |  | $ | 903 |  |  | $ | 2,543 |  |  | $ | 2,739 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative | 71 |  |  | 59 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 184 |  |  |  |  |
Total depreciation | $ | 860 |  |  | $ | 962 |  |  | $ | 2,724 |  |  | $ | 2,923 |  |  |  |  |

Note 7: Intangible Assets and Deferred Charges
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets represent the fair value of intellectual, non-physical assets resulting from business acquisitions and are amortized over their estimated useful life using either an accelerated or straight-line method over a period of 15 years.
The balance of intangible assets from continuing operations subject to amortization are as follows:

| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
(in thousands) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization |  | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization
Definite-lived intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |
Customer related | $ | 5,100 |  | $ | (2,593) |  |  | $ | 5,100 |  | $ | (2,167) |
Trademarks and trade names | 150 |  | (39) |  |  | 150 |  | (32) |
Other | 500 |  | (132) |  |  | 500 |  | (106) |
Total definite-lived intangible assets | $ | 5,750 |  | $ | (2,764) |  |  | $ | 5,750 |  | $ | (2,305) |

Estimated amortization expense related to intangible assets for the next five years are as follows:

(in thousands) |  |  |  |
Remainder of 2025 | $ | 153 |  |  |  |
2026 | 468 |  |  |  |
2027 | 375 |  |  |  |
2028 | 310 |  |  |  |
2029 | 277 |  |  |  |
2030 | 248 |  |  |  |
Thereafter | 1,155 |  |  |  |

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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Deferred Charges
Deferred charges represent debt issuance costs and are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method over a period of 2.5 years.
The balance of deferred charges subject to amortization are as follows:

(in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Deferred charges, gross | $ | 401 |  |  | $ | 326 |
Accumulated amortization of deferred charges | (63) |  |  | (17) |
Deferred charges, net | $ | 338 |  |  | $ | 309 |

Note 8: Debt
Short-term debt
On June 21, 2025, the Company entered into a note payable in the amount of $1.1 million with an annual interest rate of 3.68% maturing April 1, 2026. The agreement is associated with the financing of the Company's insurance premium in the current term year. As of September 30, 2025, the outstanding balance was $0.8 million.
Credit Facilities
On April 4, 2025, Ascent entered into a Limited Consent, Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement to Loan Documents with BMO Bank N.A. under Ascent’s credit facility (the “Fourth Credit Facility Amendment”) which released the lien on the assets of BRISMET and removed BRISMET as a loan party and reduced the maximum revolving loan commitment under the credit facility from $60 million to $30 million.
On June 30, 2025, Ascent entered into a Limited Consent, Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement to Loan Documents with BMO Bank N.A. under Ascent’s credit facility (the “Fifth Credit Facility Amendment”) which released the lien on the assets of ASTI and removed ASTI as a loan party. The maximum revolving loan commitment under the credit facility remains $30 million with an interest rate between 1.85% and 2.35%, depending on average availability under the credit facility and the Company's consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio. The term of the credit facility remains through December 31, 2027.
We have pledged all of our accounts receivable, inventory, and certain machinery and equipment as collateral for the Credit Agreement. Availability under the Credit Agreement is subject to the amount of eligible collateral as determined by the lenders' borrowing base calculations. Amounts outstanding under the revolving line of credit currently bear interest at (a) the Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 0.75%, or (b) SOFR plus 1.75%. The Credit Agreement also provides an unused commitment fee based on the daily used portion of the credit facility.
Pursuant to the Fifth Credit Facility Amendment, the Company was required to pledge all of its tangible and intangible properties, including the stock and membership interests of its subsidiaries. The Fifth Credit Facility Amendment contains covenants requiring the maintenance of a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio if excess availability falls below the greater of (i) $4.5 million and (ii) 15% of the revolving credit facility. As of September 30, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all financial debt covenants.
The Company had no debt outstanding under its credit facilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $13.7 million of remaining availability under it credit facilities.
Note 9: Leases
The Company's portfolio of leases contains both finance and operating leases that relate to real estate and manufacturing equipment. Substantially all of the value of the Company's leased plants and facilities relate to the Master Lease with Store Master Funding XII, LLC (“Store”), an affiliate of Store Capital Corporation ("Store Capital"), that was entered into in 2016 and since amended, with the latest amendment occurring in 2025.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
On April 4, 2025, Ascent and Store entered into a Fifth Amended and Restated Master Lease Agreement (the "Fifth Master Lease") to remove the BRISMET facility and reduce the Company's rent pursuant to the Fourth Amended and Restated Master Lease Agreement between the parties dated August 28, 2024. The Fifth Master Lease was determined to be a lease modification that qualified for a remeasurement of the existing lease and not a separate contract. Upon modification of the Fifth Master Lease, the right-of-use asset and operating lease liability were remeasured using an incremental borrowing rate determined on the date of modification. As such, the Company recognized a decrease in the right-of-use asset and operating lease liability related to the Fifth Master Lease of $6.5 million and $7.0 million, respectively, and recognized a gain on the modification of $0.5 million, which is reported within operating expenses on the unaudited consolidated statements of income (loss).
On June 30, 2025, Ascent and Store entered into a Sixth Amended and Restated Master Lease Agreement (the "Sixth Master Lease") to remove the ASTI facility and reduce the Company's rent pursuant to the Fifth Amended and Restated Master Lease Agreement between the parties dated April 4, 2025. The Sixth Master Lease was determined to be a lease modification that qualified for a remeasurement of the existing lease and not a separate contract. Upon modification of the Sixth Master Lease, the right-of-use asset and operating lease liability were remeasured using an incremental borrowing rate determined on the date of modification. As such, the Company recognized a decrease in the right-of-use asset and operating lease liability related to the Fifth Master Lease of $4.0 million. See Note 2 for additional information on the Company's divestitures of BRISMET and ASTI.
As of September 30, 2025, operating lease liabilities related to the master lease agreement with Store Capital totaled $19.1 million, or 92% of the total lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company did not enter into any new finance lease agreements.
Operating and finance lease amounts from continuing operations included in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet are as follows (in thousands):

Classification |  | Financial Statement Line Item |  | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Long-term Assets |  | Right-of-use assets, operating leases |  | $ | 15,075 |  |  | $ | 28,140 |
Long-term Assets |  | Property, plant and equipment |  | 1,001 |  |  | 1,227 |
Current liabilities |  | Current portion of lease liabilities, operating leases |  | 1,035 |  |  | 1,495 |
Current liabilities |  | Current portion of lease liabilities, finance leases |  | 306 |  |  | 293 |
Non-current liabilities |  | Non-current portion of lease liabilities, operating leases |  | 18,563 |  |  | 29,972 |
Non-current liabilities |  | Non-current portion of lease liabilities, finance leases |  | 784 |  |  | 1,015 |

Total Lease Cost
Individual components of the total lease cost incurred by the Company are as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Operating lease cost 1 | $ | 702 |  |  | $ | 1,002 |  |  | $ | 2,423 |  |  | $ | 2,963 |
Finance lease cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 75 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 226 |  |  | 235 |
Interest on finance lease liabilities | 17 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 53 |  |  | 65 |
Sublease income | (145) |  |  | (92) |  |  | (406) |  |  | (276) |
Total lease cost | $ | 649 |  |  | $ | 1,010 |  |  | $ | 2,296 |  |  | $ | 2,987 |

1 Includes short term leases, which are immaterial
Reduction in carrying amounts of right-of-use assets held under finance leases is included in depreciation expense. Minimum rental payments under operating leases are recognized on a straight-line method over the term of the lease including any periods of free rent and are included in selling, general, and administrative expense on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income (loss).
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The Company currently subleases the former Palmer and Specialty Pipe & Tube ("SPT") facilities and records cash receipts related to the subleases in other expense (income) on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income (loss).
Future expected cash receipts from the Company's sublease as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:

(in thousands) | Sublease Receipts
Remainder of 2025 | $ | 148 |
2026 | 594 |
2027 | 606 |
2028 | 618 |
2029 | 631 |
Thereafter | 4,597 |
Total sublease receipts | $ | 7,194 |

Maturity of Leases
The amounts of undiscounted future minimum lease payments under leases in continuing operations as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:

(in thousands) | Operating |  | Finance
Remainder of 2025 | $ | 630 |  |  | $ | 90 |
2026 | 2,481 |  |  | 361 |
2027 | 2,532 |  |  | 361 |
2028 | 2,584 |  |  | 303 |
2029 | 2,637 |  |  | 85 |
Thereafter | 18,310 |  |  | — |
Total undiscounted minimum future lease payments | 29,174 |  |  | 1,200 |
Imputed interest | (9,576) |  |  | (110) |
Present value of lease liabilities | $ | 19,598 |  |  | $ | 1,090 |

Lease Term and Discount Rate

Weighted-average remaining lease term | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Operating leases | 10.83 years |  | 11.59 years
Finance leases | 3.39 years |  | 4.13 years
Weighted-average discount rate |  |  |
Operating leases | 7.64 | % |  | 7.15 | %
Finance leases | 5.93 | % |  | 5.75 | %

Note 10: Shareholders' Equity
Share Repurchase Program
The Company's previous share repurchase program allowed for repurchase of up to 790,383 shares of the Company's outstanding common stock and expired on February 17, 2025. On February 17, 2025, the Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program allowing for repurchase of up to 1.0 million shares of the Company's outstanding common stock over 24 months. The shares will be purchased from time to time at prevailing market prices, through open market or privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions. Under the program, the purchases will be funded from available working capital, and the repurchased shares will be held in treasury. There is no guarantee as to the exact number of shares that will be repurchased by the Company, and the Company may discontinue purchases at any time that management determines additional purchases are not warranted. As of September 30, 2025, the Company has 274,970 shares of its share repurchase authorization remaining.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Shares repurchased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 | 2025 |  | 2024
Number of shares repurchased 1 | 64,782 |  |  | 42,623 |  | 725,775 |  |  | 74,186 |
Average price per share | $ | 12.85 |  |  | $ | 9.79 |  | $ | 12.23 |  |  | $ | 9.92 |
Total cost of shares repurchased 2 | $ | 834,520 |  |  | $ | 418,563 |  | $ | 8,897,903 |  |  | $ | 738,361 |

1 Includes 745 shares repurchased under previous share repurchase program which expired on February 17, 2025
2 Includes broker commissions paid as part of repurchase transactions
Note 11: Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss from continuing operations | $ | (125) |  |  | $ | (7,801) |  |  | $ | (4,577) |  |  | $ | (12,731) |
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | (1,962) |  |  | $ | 1,649 |  |  | $ | 6,483 |  |  | $ | 160 |
Net income (loss) | $ | (2,087) |  |  | $ | (6,152) |  |  | $ | 1,906 |  |  | $ | (12,571) |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding | 9,379 |  |  | 10,114 |  |  | 9,733 |  |  | 10,111 |
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee stock options and stock grants | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Weighted-average common shares, as adjusted | 9,379 |  |  | 10,114 |  |  | 9,733 |  |  | 10,111 |
Net loss per share from continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.77) |  |  | $ | (0.47) |  |  | $ | (1.26) |
Diluted | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.77) |  |  | $ | (0.47) |  |  | $ | (1.26) |
Net income (loss) per share from discontinued operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.21) |  |  | $ | 0.16 |  |  | $ | 0.67 |  |  | $ | 0.02 |
Diluted | $ | (0.21) |  |  | $ | 0.16 |  |  | $ | 0.67 |  |  | $ | 0.02 |
Net income (loss) per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.22) |  |  | $ | (0.61) |  |  | $ | 0.20 |  |  | $ | (1.24) |
Diluted | $ | (0.22) |  |  | $ | (0.61) |  |  | $ | 0.20 |  |  | $ | (1.24) |

The diluted earnings (loss) per share calculations exclude the effect of potentially dilutive shares when the inclusion of those shares in the calculation would have an anti-dilutive effect. The Company had $0.1 million shares that were anti-dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Note 12: Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of multiple state jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for years before 2021 or state examinations for years before 2020. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not identify nor reserve for any unrecognized tax benefits.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
In July 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBA”) was enacted, permanently extending several tax provisions originally introduced under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that were set to expire at the end of 2025. The OBBA also introduces changes to certain U.S. corporate tax rules, most of which take effect in 2026. We have evaluated the impact of the OBBA and do not expect any material changes to our effective tax rate or results of operations in 2025.
Our income tax expense (benefit) and overall effective tax rates for continuing operations for the periods presented are as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | 5,807 |  |  | $ | (32) |  |  | $ | 4,413 |
Effective income tax rate | (92.3) | % |  | (291.4) | % |  | 0.7 | % |  | (53.1) | %

The effective tax rate for continuing operations was 0.7% and (92.3)% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the valuation allowance over federal and U.S. state deferred tax assets.
The effective tax rate for continuing operation was (53.1)% and (291.4)% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the valuation allowance over federal and U.S state deferred tax assets.
Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies
In August of 2023, the Company was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed with the Court of Common Pleas for Delaware County, Ohio, asserting various claims for breach of contracts resulting in losses to the plaintiff and seeking damages in the amount of $0.7 million plus prejudgment interest and attorney's fees. In December 2024, the Company entered into mediation with the plaintiff subject to negotiation of a mutually agreeable settlement. The Company had an estimated liability of $0.4 million related to the lawsuit as of December 31, 2024. In January of 2025, the Company resolved the case through a settlement agreement and no longer has funds reserved for the matter.
In addition, from time to time, we are involved in various legal proceedings arising from the normal course of business activities. We are not presently a party to any other such litigation the outcome of which, we believe, if determined adversely to us, would individually, or taken together, have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, or financial condition. Defending such proceedings is costly and can impose a significant burden on management and employees. We may receive unfavorable preliminary or interim rulings in the course of litigation, and there can be no assurances that favorable final outcomes will be obtained.
Note 14: Industry Segments
Ascent Industries Co. has one reportable segment: Specialty Chemicals. The Specialty Chemicals segment includes the operating results of the Company’s plants involved in the production of specialty chemicals and produces critical ingredients and process aids for the oil & gas, household, industrial and institutional ("HII"), personal care, coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers (CASE), pulp and paper, textile, automotive, agricultural, water treatment, construction and other industries.
The chief executive officer, who is also the chief operating decision maker (CODM), evaluates performance and determines resource allocations based on a number of factors, the primary measures being gross margin and segment net income (loss).
The accounting principles applied at the operating segment level are the same as those applied at the consolidated financial statement level. The significant expense categories and amounts below align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the CODM. Intersegment sales and transfers are eliminated at the corporate consolidation level.
The following table summarizes certain information regarding segments of the Company's continuing operations:
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
(in thousands) |  | Specialty Chemicals |  | Corporate & Other 1 |  | Total Continuing Operations |  | Specialty Chemicals |  | Corporate & Other 1 |  | Total Continuing Operations
Net sales |  | $ | 19,697 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19,697 |  |  | $ | 56,183 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 56,183 |
Cost of goods sold - material |  | 8,173 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,173 |  |  | 25,351 |  |  | — |  |  | 25,351 |
Cost of goods sold - other 2 |  | 5,683 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,683 |  |  | 17,059 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,059 |
Gross profit |  | 5,841 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,841 |  |  | 13,773 |  |  | — |  |  | 13,773 |
Selling, general and administrative expense 3 |  | 3,696 |  |  | 2,557 |  |  | 6,253 |  |  | 9,267 |  |  | 8,300 |  |  | 17,567 |
Acquisition costs and other |  | — |  |  | 398 |  |  | 398 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 573 |  |  | 665 |
Asset impairments |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,622 |  |  | 1,622 |
Gain on lease modification |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (544) |  |  | (544) |
Interest expense (income), net |  | 7 |  |  | (454) |  |  | (447) |  |  | 38 |  |  | (385) |  |  | (347) |
Income taxes |  | — |  |  | 58 |  |  | 58 |  |  | — |  |  | (32) |  |  | (32) |
Other expense (income) |  | — |  |  | (296) |  |  | (296) |  |  | — |  |  | (581) |  |  | (581) |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 2,138 |  |  | $ | (2,263) |  |  | $ | (125) |  |  | $ | 4,376 |  |  | $ | (8,953) |  |  | $ | (4,577) |

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
(in thousands) |  | Specialty Chemicals |  | Corporate & Other 1 |  | Total Continuing Operations |  | Specialty Chemicals |  | Corporate & Other 1 |  | Total Continuing Operations
Net sales |  | $ | 20,878 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,878 |  |  | $ | 62,642 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 62,642 |
Cost of goods sold - material |  | 10,657 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,657 |  |  | 32,387 |  |  | — |  |  | 32,387 |
Cost of goods sold - other 2 |  | 7,088 |  |  | 125 |  |  | 7,213 |  |  | 22,653 |  |  | 395 |  |  | 23,048 |
Gross profit |  | 3,133 |  |  | (125) |  |  | 3,008 |  |  | 7,602 |  |  | (395) |  |  | 7,207 |
Selling, general and administrative expense 3 |  | 2,747 |  |  | 2,287 |  |  | 5,034 |  |  | 8,226 |  |  | 7,292 |  |  | 15,518 |
Acquisition costs and other |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 54 |  |  | 54 |
Gain on lease modification |  | — |  |  | (67) |  |  | (67) |  |  | — |  |  | (67) |  |  | (67) |
Interest expense, net |  | 19 |  |  | 105 |  |  | 124 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 266 |  |  | 323 |
Income taxes |  | — |  |  | 5,807 |  |  | 5,807 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,413 |  |  | 4,413 |
Other expense (income) |  | — |  |  | (91) |  |  | (91) |  |  | — |  |  | (303) |  |  | (303) |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 367 |  |  | $ | (8,168) |  |  | $ | (7,801) |  |  | $ | (681) |  |  | $ | (12,050) |  |  | $ | (12,731) |

| As of
(in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Identifiable assets |  |  |
Specialty Chemicals | $ | 39,130 |  |  | $ | 38,928 |
Corporate and other | 80,759 |  |  | 46,298 |
| $ | 119,889 |  |  | $ | 85,226 |

1 All Other includes corporate overhead expenses and ongoing expenses for properties under the Master Lease not assigned to a segment in which the Company is the responsible party.
2 Cost of good sold - other includes manufacturing labor and overhead expenses, depreciation expense, repair and maintenance expense, shipping expense, scrap and shrinkage expense, and other operational manufacturing overhead expenses.
3 Selling, general and administrative expenses include sales and administrative salaries, wages and benefits and overhead expenses, professional fees, depreciation and amortization expense, corporate overhead allocation expense and other administrative overhead expenses.
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Ascent Industries Co.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 15: Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were available to be issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This discussion and analysis summarizes the significant factors affecting our consolidated operating results, liquidity, and capital resources during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We intend for this discussion to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from year to year, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles affect our financial statements. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements that are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the Annual Report), as well as the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited) and notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited) contained in this report. Unless otherwise specified, all comparisons made are to the corresponding period of 2024. This discussion and analysis is presented in five sections:
•Executive Overview
•Results of Operations and Non-GAAP Financial Measures
•Liquidity and Capital Resources
•Material Cash Requirements from Contractual and Other Obligations
•Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Executive Overview
Ascent Industries Co. is a specialty chemicals platform focused on the development, production, and distribution of tailored, performance-driven chemical solutions. Ascent Industries Co. was incorporated in 1958 as the successor to a chemical manufacturing business founded in 1945 known as Blackman Uhler Industries Inc.
The Company has one reportable segment: Specialty Chemicals. The Specialty Chemicals segment produces critical ingredients and process aids for the oil & gas, household, industrial and institutional ("HII"), personal care, coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers (CASE), pulp and paper, textile, automotive, agricultural, water treatment, construction and other industries.
During the third quarter, the Company's first as a pure-play specialty chemicals company, we delivered continued earnings improvements with our strongest earnings performance since 2022. Gross profit nearly doubled year-over-year with margins continuing to expand reflecting disciplined sourcing, focused product line management and operational rigor even in a demand environment that remains muted across many end markets. The discussion and analysis of our results of operations refers to continuing operations unless noted.
Divestiture of American Stainless Tubing
On June 23, 2025, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary American Stainless Tubing, Inc. ("ASTI"), entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which they sold substantially all of the assets related to ASTI to First Tube, LLC., a Texas limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Triple-S Steel Holdings, Inc (the “Purchaser”). On June 30, 2025, the Company and Purchaser completed the transaction contemplated by the Purchase Agreement. The consideration for the transaction was approximately $16 million of cash proceeds, of which $0.8 million was placed in an escrow account to be received in 12 months from the closing date. The escrow amount is presented within "Advances and other receivables" on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The sale resulted in a preliminary, pretax gain on sale of $4.6 million, subject to certain measurement period closing adjustments. ASTI's results of operations are classified under discontinued operations for all periods presented. Prior to the divestiture, ASTI was reported under the Company's former Tubular Products segment.
Divestiture of Bristol Metals
On March 12, 2025, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Synalloy Metals, Inc. ("Synalloy Metals") and Bristol Metals, LLC. ("BRISMET"), entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which they sold substantially all of the assets related to BRISMET to Bristol Pipe and Tube, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Ta Chen International, Inc. (the “Purchaser”). Ascent and Purchaser also entered into a Transition Services Agreement (the “TSA”) dated March 12, 2025, pursuant to which Ascent has agreed to provide certain transition services to Purchaser immediately after the closing for certain agreed upon transition periods. On April 4, 2025, the Company and Purchaser completed the transaction contemplated by the Purchase Agreement. The consideration for the transaction was approximately $45 million of cash proceeds, of which $4.5 million was placed in an escrow account to be received in 18 months from the closing date. The escrow amount is presented within "Advances and other receivables" on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company and Purchaser completed the
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measurement period closing adjustments under the terms of the Purchase Agreement resulting in a pretax gain on sale of $2.5 million. As result of the sale, BRISMET results of operations are classified under discontinued operations for all periods presented. Prior to the divestiture, BRISMET was reported under the Company's former Tubular Products segment.
Macroeconomic Events
We continue to monitor macroeconomic trends and uncertainties such as key material inflation, the effects of recently implemented tariffs, and the potential imposition of modified or additional tariffs, which may have adverse effects on net sales and profitability. As a result of the recent tariffs announced by the U.S. presidential administration and potential tariff modifications or the imposition of tariffs or export controls by other countries, we have worked with our suppliers to mitigate supply chain challenges, cost volatility, and consumer and economic uncertainty due to rapid changes in global trade policies. Much of our raw material used in production is domestically sourced and while we do not expect these factors to result in a material negative effect on our net sales or profitability for the remainder of fiscal year 2025, we are continuing to evaluate these factors and their potential effects as well as our ability to potentially offset all or a portion of cost increases through pricing actions and additional cost savings efforts. Economic pressures on customers and consumers, including the challenges of high inflation and the effects of increased tariffs, may negatively affect our net sales and profitability in the future.
Results of Operations
Consolidated Performance Summary
Consolidated net sales for the third quarter of 2025 were $19.7 million, a decrease of $1.2 million, or 5.7%, compared to net sales for the third quarter of 2024. The decrease in net sales was primarily driven by a 12.4% decrease in pounds shipped partially offset by a 6.3% increase in average selling prices.
Consolidated net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were $56.2 million, a decrease of $6.5 million, or 10.3%, compared to net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in net sales was primarily driven by a 23.1% decrease in pounds shipped partially offset by a 15.4% increase in average selling prices.
For the third quarter of 2025, consolidated gross profit increased 94.2% to $5.8 million, or 29.7% of sales, compared to $3.0 million, or 14.4% of sales in the third quarter of 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, consolidated gross profit increased 91.1% to $13.8 million, or 24.5% of sales, compared to $7.2 million, or 11.5% of sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase for the third quarter was primarily attributable to continued sourcing improvements resulting in lower raw material costs as well as reductions in other production related costs. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily attributable to aforementioned price gains, continued sourcing improvements resulting in lower raw material costs, reductions in production related costs and a reclass of $1.2 million from cost of good sold to SG&A to better reflect the nature of the ongoing Munhall and Palmer facility expenses.
Consolidated selling, general, and administrative expense (SG&A) for the third quarter of 2025 increased $1.2 million to $6.3 million, or 31.7% of sales, compared to $5.0 million, or 24.1% of sales in the third quarter of 2024. The increase in SG&A expense for the third quarter of 2025 was primarily driven by increases in salaries, wages and benefits, stock compensation, incentive bonus, taxes and licenses, utilities and insurance expense, partially offset by decreases in professional fees.
Consolidated selling, general, and administrative expense (SG&A) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $17.6 million, or 31.3% of sales, compared to $15.5 million, or 24.8% of sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in SG&A expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily driven by increases in salaries, wages and benefits, stock compensation, incentive bonus, taxes and licenses and utilities expenses, partially offset by decreases in professional fees and bad debt expense. The increase in SG&A is attributable to the aforementioned reclass of $1.2 million from cost of good sold to SG&A, and other labor related increases, partially offset by decrease in professional fees and bad debt expense.
Consolidated operating loss in the third quarter of 2025 totaled $0.8 million compared to operating loss of $2.0 million in the third quarter of 2024. Consolidated operating loss in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 totaled $5.5 million compared to operating loss of $8.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The operating loss decrease in the third quarter of 2025 and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily driven by aforementioned increase in gross profit offset by increases in SG&A expense.
Specialty Chemicals
Gross profit for the third quarter of 2025 increased to $5.8 million, or 29.7% of sales, compared to $3.1 million, or 15.0% of sales in the third quarter of 2024. Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased to $13.8 million, or
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24.5% of sales, compared to $7.6 million, or 12.1% of sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increases for the third quarter and nine months were primarily attributable to higher selling prices and continued sourcing improvements resulting in lower raw material cost.
SG&A expense for the third quarter of 2025 was $3.7 million, or 18.8% of sales, compared to $2.7 million, or 13.2% of sales in the third quarter of 2024. SG&A expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $9.3 million, or 16.5% of sales, compared to $8.2 million, or 13.1% of sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in dollars for the third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2025 were driven by increases in corporate expense allocation, offset by decreases in salaries, wages and benefits, incentive bonus, professional fees and bad debt expense.
Operating income increased to $2.1 million for the third quarter of 2025 compared to operating income of $0.4 million for the third quarter of 2024. Operating income increased to $4.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to operating loss of $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The current year increases in operating income was primarily driven by the aforementioned increases in gross profit offset by increase in SG&A expense.
Corporate & Other Items
Unallocated corporate and other expenses for the third quarter of 2025 increased $0.1 million, or 6.0%, to $2.6 million, or 13.0% of sales, compared to $2.4 million, or 11.6% of sales, in the prior year. The third quarter of 2025 increase in dollars was primarily driven by increases in salaries, wages and benefits, professional fees, taxes and licenses and insurance expenses, partially offset by decreases in corporate allocation expense related to the divestiture of BRISMET and ASTI.
Unallocated corporate and other expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $0.6 million, or 8.0%, to $8.3 million, or 14.8% of sales, compared to $7.7 million, or 12.3% of sales, in the prior year. The nine months of 2025 increase in dollars was primarily driven by increases in salaries, wages and benefits, incentive bonus, tax and licenses and insurance expenses, partially offset by decreases in professional fees and corporate allocation expense related to the divestiture of BRISMET and ASTI and professional fees.
Interest income was $0.5 million and $0.4 million for the third quarter and nine months of 2025 compared to interest expense of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the third quarter and nine months of 2024 due to escrow interest from ASTI and BRIMET divestiture. The Company had no debt outstanding in either period.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations was 0.7% and (92.3)% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the valuation allowance over federal and U.S. state deferred tax assets.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"), we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. Management believes that these non-GAAP measures are useful because they are key measures used by our management team to evaluate our operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions as well as allow readers to compare the financial results between periods. Non-GAAP measures should not be considered as an alternative to any measure of performance or financial condition as promulgated under GAAP, and investors should consider the Company's performance and financial condition as reported under GAAP and all other relevant information when assessing the performance or financial condition of the Company. Non-GAAP measures have limitations as analytical tools, and investors should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company's results or financial condition as reported under GAAP.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
We define "EBITDA" as earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. We define "Adjusted EBITDA" as EBITDA further adjusted for the impact of non-cash and other items we do not consider in our evaluation of ongoing performance. These items include: goodwill impairment, asset impairment, gain on lease modification, stock-based compensation, non-cash lease cost, acquisition costs and other fees, shelf registration costs, loss on extinguishment of debt, retention costs and restructuring and severance costs from net income. We caution investors that amounts presented in accordance with our definitions of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similar measures disclosed by other companies because not all companies calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner. We present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA because we consider them to be important supplemental measures of our performance and investors' understanding of our performance is enhanced by including these non-GAAP financial measures as a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations.
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Consolidated EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations are as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Consolidated |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss from continuing operations | $ | (125) |  |  | $ | (7,801) |  |  | $ | (4,577) |  |  | $ | (12,731) |
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Interest expense (income), net | (447) |  |  | 124 |  |  | (347) |  |  | 323 |
| Income taxes | 58 |  |  | 5,807 |  |  | (32) |  |  | 4,413 |
| Depreciation | 854 |  |  | 962 |  |  | 2,725 |  |  | 2,923 |
| Amortization | 153 |  |  | 174 |  |  | 458 |  |  | 522 |
EBITDA | 493 |  |  | (734) |  |  | (1,773) |  |  | (4,550) |
| Acquisition costs and other | 398 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 665 |  |  | 54 |
| Asset impairments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,622 |  |  | — |
| Gain on lease modification | — |  |  | (67) |  |  | (544) |  |  | (67) |
| Stock-based compensation | 197 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 318 |  |  | 148 |
| Non-cash lease expense | 86 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 96 |
| Retention expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |
| Restructuring and severance cost | 202 |  |  | — |  |  | 202 |  |  | 177 |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 1,376 |  |  | $ | (709) |  |  | $ | 575 |  |  | $ | (4,139) |
| % of sales | 7.0 | % |  | (3.4) | % |  | 1.0 | % |  | (6.6) | %

Specialty Chemicals EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Specialty Chemicals |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 2,138 |  |  | $ | 367 |  |  | $ | 4,375 |  |  | $ | (681) |
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Interest expense, net | 7 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 57 |
| Depreciation | 830 |  |  | 945 |  |  | 2,671 |  |  | 2,863 |
| Amortization | 153 |  |  | 174 |  |  | 458 |  |  | 522 |
EBITDA | 3,128 |  |  | 1,505 |  |  | 7,543 |  |  | 2,761 |
| Acquisition costs and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 92 |  |  | — |
| Stock-based compensation | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 7 |
| Non-cash lease expense | 26 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 57 |
| Restructuring and severance costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 109 |
Specialty Chemicals Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 3,158 |  |  | $ | 1,524 |  |  | $ | 7,669 |  |  | $ | 2,934 |
| % of segment sales | 16.0 | % |  | 7.3 | % |  | 13.7 | % |  | 4.7 | %

Liquidity and Capital Resources
We closely manage our liquidity and capital resources. Our liquidity requirements depend on key variables, including level of investment required to support our business strategies, the performance of our business, capital expenditures, credit facilities and working capital management. Capital expenditures and share repurchases are a component of our cash flow and capital management strategy which we can adjust in response to economic and other changes in our business environment. We have a disciplined approach to capital allocation focusing on priorities that support our business and growth.
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Sources of Liquidity
Funds generated by operating activities supplemented by our available cash and cash equivalents and our credit facilities are our most significant sources of liquidity. As of September 30, 2025, we held $58.0 million of cash and cash equivalents, as well as $13.7 million of remaining available capacity on our revolving line of credit. We believe our sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund operations and anticipated capital expenditures as well as repay our debt obligations as they become due over the next 12 months and beyond.
Cash Flows
Cash flows from continuing operations were as follows:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2025 |  | 2024
Total cash (used in) provided by: |  |  |
Operating activities | $ | (7,568) |  |  | $ | 924 |
Investing activities | (1,082) |  |  | (737) |
Financing activities | (8,705) |  |  | (676) |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (17,355) |  |  | $ | (489) |

Operating Activities
The increase in cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to cash provided by operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was primarily driven by changes in working capital and increases in advances partially offset by decreases in net loss year over year. Changes in working capital can vary significantly depending on factors such as the timing of inventory production and purchases, customer payments of accounts receivable and payments to vendors in the regular course of business. Inventory decreased operating cash flows for the first nine months of 2025 by $1.5 million compared to an increase of $3.7 million for the first nine months of 2024, while accounts payable decreased operating cash flows by $1.5 million for the first nine months of 2025, compared to decrease of $2.6 million in the first nine months of 2024. The changes in inventory and accounts payable is primarily driven by higher inventory purchases to match inventory levels with expected sales growth, higher inventory turns year-over-year and decreases in days payables outstanding. Accounts receivable and advances decreased operating cash flows by $5.2 million in the first nine months of 2025 compared to a $0.2 million decrease in the first nine months of 2024. The decrease in cash generated by accounts receivable and advances is primarily driven by the $5.3 million of escrow receivables from the BRISMET and ASTI divestitures partially offset by a slight decrease in days sales outstanding compared to the first nine months of 2024.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities primarily consists of transactions related to capital expenditures. The increase in cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to increases in capital expenditures in the current year compared to the prior year.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities primarily consists of transactions related to our credit facilities and share repurchases. The increase in cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to increased repurchases of common stock. The Company had no debt outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Short-term Debt
The Company has a note payable in the amount of $1.1 million with an annual interest rate of 3.68% maturing April 1, 2026, associated with the financing of the Company's insurance premium in 2025. As of September 30, 2025, the outstanding balance was $0.8 million.
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Credit Facilities
On April 4, 2025, Ascent entered into a Limited Consent, Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement to Loan Documents with BMO Bank N.A. under Ascent’s credit facility (the “Fourth Credit Facility Amendment”) which released the lien on the assets of BRISMET and removed BRISMET as a loan party and reduced the maximum revolving loan commitment under the credit facility from $60 million to $30 million.
On June 30, 2025, Ascent entered into a Limited Consent, Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement to Loan Documents with BMO Bank N.A. under Ascent’s credit facility (the “Fifth Credit Facility Amendment”) which released the lien on the assets of ASTI and removed ASTI as a loan party. The maximum revolving loan commitment under the credit facility remains $30 million with an interest rate between 1.85% and 2.35%, depending on average availability under the credit facility and the Company's consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio. The term of the credit facility remains through December 31, 2027.
The Company had no debt outstanding under its credit facilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. See Note 8 for additional information on the Company's debt.
Share Repurchases and Dividends
We have a share repurchase program, authorized by the Company's Board of Directors, that is executed through purchases made from time to time at prevailing market prices, through open market or privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions. Shares repurchased are returned to status of authorized, but unissued shares of common stock or held in treasury. As of September 30, 2025, the Company has 274,970 shares of its share repurchase authorization remaining.
Shares repurchased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 | 2025 |  | 2024
Number of shares repurchased | 64,782 |  |  | 42,623 |  | 725,775 |  |  | 74,186 |
Average price per share | $ | 12.85 |  |  | $ | 9.79 |  | $ | 12.23 |  |  | $ | 9.92 |
Total cost of shares repurchased | $ | 834,520 |  |  | $ | 418,563 |  | $ | 8,897,903 |  |  | $ | 738,361 |

At the end of each fiscal year the Board of Directors reviews the financial performance and capital needed to support future growth to determine the amount of cash dividend, if any, which is appropriate. In 2024, no dividends were declared or paid by the Company.
Other Financial Measures
Below are additional financial measures that we believe are important in understanding the Company's liquidity position from year to year. The metrics are defined as:
Liquidity Measure:
•Current ratio = current assets divided by current liabilities. The current ratio will be determined by the Company using generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.
Profitability Ratio:
•Return on average equity ("ROAE") = net income divided by the trailing 12-month average of equity. The ROAE will be determined by the Company using generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.
Results of these additional measures are as follows:

|  |  |  | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Current ratio |  |  |  | 6.4 |  | 2.8
Return on average equity |  |  |  | (7.2)% |  | (34.0)%

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Material Cash Requirements from Contractual and Other Obligations
As of September 30, 2025, our material cash requirements for our known contractual and other obligations were as follows:
•Operating and Finance Leases - The Company enters into various lease agreements for the real estate and manufacturing equipment used in the normal course of business. Operating and finance lease obligations were $20.7 million, with $1.3 million payable within 12 months. See Note 9 for further detail of our lease obligations and the timing of expected future payments.
The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements that are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on the Company's financial position, revenues, results of operations, liquidity, or capital expenditures. We expect capital spending to be as much as $1.6 million for the remainder of fiscal 2025.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the notes to the consolidated financial statements presented in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. We discuss our critical accounting estimates in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. There have been no significant changes in our significant accounting policies or critical accounting estimates since the end of fiscal 2024.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks
We are a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act; therefore, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The term “disclosure controls and procedures” is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act as “controls and other procedures of an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms.” The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries is accumulated and communicated to its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. The Company’s management, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2025. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2025, because of the previously reported material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting, as described below.
Previously Reported Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15f-15(f). As reported in our 2024 Form 10-K, based upon the ongoing ineffectiveness of our IT general controls, we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 as a result of material weaknesses in the control environment. A material weakness (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Refer to our 2024 Form 10-K for a description of our material weaknesses.
Ongoing Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weaknesses
Our Board of Directors and management are committed to the continued implementation of remediation efforts to address the material weaknesses. The material weaknesses were first identified in 2021 and 2022 and while the Company has significantly improved its internal control over financial reporting, the material weaknesses remain un-remediated as of September 30, 2025 due to the continued IT general control ineffectiveness. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, management, with oversight from the Company's Audit Committee, continued executing a detailed plan for remediation which includes:
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•Enhancing corporate oversight over process-level controls and structures to ensure that there is appropriate assignment of authority, responsibility and accountability as well as maintaining a sufficient number of qualified resources in key personnel areas over the performance and maintenance of the Company's control environment.
•Engaging an external advisor to assist with enhancing, designing, and implementing general information technology controls, including user access provisioning, cyber-security, and segregation of duties.
•Formalizing information technology policies and procedures to ensure that they are current and comprehensive and support the timely execution of information technology processes and control procedures.
•Enhancing review controls for inventory, revenue accounting, financial close processes and complex accounting to ensure accurate reporting and timely disclosures and ensuring evidence is appropriately retained.
•Improving and maintaining effective controls for communicating and sharing information between the operations, accounting, information technology, sales, finance and legal departments to ensure that the accounting department is consistently provided with complete and adequate support, documentation and information, and that matters are resolved in a timely and effective manner.
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors is monitoring management's ongoing remediation efforts. With the Audit Committee's oversight, management has dedicated significant resources and efforts to improve our internal control environment to remedy the identified material weaknesses. As we continue to evaluate and implement improvements to our internal control over financial reporting, our management may decide to take additional measures to address our control deficiencies or to modify the remediation efforts undertaken. Because the reliability of the internal control process requires repeatable execution, our material weaknesses cannot be considered fully remediated until all remedial processes and procedures (including additional remediation efforts identified by our senior management as necessary) have been implemented, each applicable control has operated for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that the controls are operating effectively. Until all identified material weaknesses are remediated, we will not be able to assert that our internal controls are effective.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Other than the ongoing remediation efforts described above, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
PART II
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
It is not unusual for us and our subsidiaries to be involved in various unresolved legal actions, administrative proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business involving, among other things, product liability, commercial, employment, workers' compensation, and environmental matters.. With respect to such lawsuits, claims and proceedings, the Company records reserves when it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We cannot predict with any certainty the outcome of these unresolved legal actions or, in some cases, the range of possible loss or recovery. Information pertaining to legal proceedings can be found in Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, and is incorporated by reference herein.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There were no material changes in our assessment of risk factors as discussed in Part I, Item 1A in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table sets forth information with respect to purchases of the Company’s common stock on a trade date basis made during the three months ended September 30, 2025:
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Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs 1 |  | Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased under the Program
July 1, 2025 - July 31, 2025 | 56,389 |  |  | $ | 12.86 |  |  | 56,389 |  |  | 283,363 |
August 1, 2025 - August 31, 2025 | 8,393 |  |  | 12.77 |  |  | 8,393 |  |  | 274,970 |
September 1, 2025 - September 30, 2025 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 274,970 |
As of September 30, 2025 | 64,782 |  |  | $ | 12.85 |  |  | 64,782 |  |  | 274,970 |

1 On February 17, 2025, the Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program allowing for repurchase of up to 1.0 million shares of the Company's outstanding common stock. The stock repurchase program expires in February 2027 and there is no guarantee to the exact number of shares that will be repurchased by the Company over that period. See Note 10 for additional information.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5. Other Information
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted or terminated any contract, instruction, or written plan for the purchase or sale of Company securities that was intend-ed to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as those terms are defined in Regulation S-K, Item 408).
Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No. |  | Description
31.1 |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications of Chief Executive Officer
31.2 |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
32.1 |  | Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101.INS* |  | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH* |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL* |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.LAB* |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE* |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
101.DEF* |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
104 |  |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101*)
* |  | In accordance with Regulation S-T, the XBRL-related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall be deemed "furnished" and not "filed."

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| ASCENT INDUSTRIES CO.
| (Registrant)
Date: | November 4, 2025 | By: | /s/ J. Bryan Kitchen
|  |  | J. Bryan Kitchen
|  |  | President and Chief Executive Officer
|  |  | (principal executive officer)
Date: | November 4, 2025 | By: | /s/ Ryan Kavalauskas
|  |  | Ryan Kavalauskas
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer
|  |  | (principal accounting officer)

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