<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001213900-25-049475.txt : 20250530
<SEC-HEADER>0001213900-25-049475.hdr.sgml : 20250530
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250530161558
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001213900-25-049475
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	S-3
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		7
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250530
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250530

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			SIEBERT FINANCIAL CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000065596
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SECURITY BROKERS, DEALERS & FLOTATION COMPANIES [6211]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	09 Crypto Assets
		EIN:				111796714
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NY
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		S-3
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-287680
		FILM NUMBER:		251011145

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		120 WALL STREET
		STREET 2:		25TH FLOOR
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10005
		BUSINESS PHONE:		212-644-2400

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		120 WALL STREET
		STREET 2:		25TH FLOOR
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10005

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	MICHAELS J INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19950221
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>S-3
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>ea0240598-s3_siebert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>REGISTRATION STATEMENT
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on May 30, 2025</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Registration Statement No. 333-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>UNITED STATES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>FORM S-3</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>REGISTRATION STATEMENT<BR>
UNDER<BR>
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Siebert Financial Corp.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 49%"><B>New York</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; width: 49%"><B>11-1796714</B></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(State or other jurisdiction of</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">incorporation or organization)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(I.R.S. Employer</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Identification Number)</P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>653 Collins Avenue</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Miami Beach, Florida 33139 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>(310) 385-1861</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of Registrant&rsquo;s principal executive offices)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Andrew H. Reich</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Executive Vice President, Chief Operating</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Siebert Financial Corp.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>653 Collins Avenue</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Miami Beach, Florida 33139 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>(310) 385-1861</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone
number, including area code, of agent for service)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Copies of all communications to:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Mark Hiraide</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Blake Baron</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Mitchell Silberberg &amp; Knupp LLP</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>437 Madison Avenue, 25th Floor</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>New York, New York 10022</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>(212) 509-3900</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:
From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered
on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, other than securities offered only
in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box: <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9746;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering: <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the
earlier effective registration statement for the same offering: <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction
I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the
Securities Act, check the following box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement
filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule
413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated
filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of
&ldquo;large accelerated filer,&rdquo; &ldquo;accelerated filer,&rdquo; &ldquo;smaller reporting company&rdquo; and &ldquo;emerging growth
company&rdquo; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">Large accelerated filer </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">Accelerated filer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Non-accelerated filer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9746;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">Smaller reporting company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9746;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Emerging growth company</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant
to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act. <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH
DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES
THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, OR UNTIL
THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION
8(a), MAY DETERMINE.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: Red">The information in this prospectus is not
complete and may be changed. No securities may be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in
any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: Red"><B>SUBJECT TO COMPLETION,</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Dated: May 30, 2025</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Siebert
Financial Corp.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>$100,000,000</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Preferred Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Depositary Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Debt Securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Warrants</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Units</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Subscription Rights</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may offer from time to time:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>shares of our common stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>shares of our preferred stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>depositary shares;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>debt securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>warrants to purchase our common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares and/or debt securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>units; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>subscription rights.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin: 0pt 0">We may offer from time to time to sell the securities described in
this prospectus separately or together in any combination, in one or more classes or series, in amounts, at prices and on terms that we
will determine at the time of any such offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The securities we offer will have an aggregate public offering price
of up to $100,000,000. We will provide specific terms of any offering in supplements to this prospectus. The securities may be offered
separately or together in any combination and as separate series. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement carefully
before you invest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may sell these securities on a continuous or delayed basis directly,
through agents, dealers or underwriters as designated from time to time, or through a combination of these methods. We reserve the sole
right to accept, and together with any agents, dealers and underwriters, reserve the right to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed
purchase of securities. If any agents, dealers or underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities, the applicable prospectus supplement
will set forth any applicable commissions or discounts. Our net proceeds from the sale of securities also will be set forth in the applicable
prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, or Nasdaq,
under the symbol &ldquo;SIEB.&rdquo; The last reported sales price of our shares of common stock on May 29, 2025 was $5.44
per share. The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to other listings, if any, on Nasdaq or
any securities market or other exchange of the securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Investing in any of our securities involves risks. Please read carefully
the section entitled &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; on page 3 of this prospectus and the &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; section contained
in any applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus before investing in our securities.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation
to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>The date of this prospectus is &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;, 2025.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 91%"><a href="#a_001">About This Prospectus</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 9%">ii</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_002">Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">iii</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><a href="#a_003">Prospectus Summary</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_004">Risk Factors</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">3</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><a href="#a_005">Use of Proceeds</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">3</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_006">Description of Capital Stock</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">4</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><a href="#a_007">Description of Depositary Shares</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">6</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_008">Description of Debt Securities</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">8</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><a href="#a_009">Description of Warrants</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">15</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_010">Description of Units</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">17</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><a href="#a_011">Description of Subscription Rights</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">18</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_012">Plan of Distribution</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">19</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><a href="#a_013">Experts</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">21</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_014">Legal Matters</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">21</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><a href="#a_015">Where You Can Find More Information</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">21</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><a href="#a_016">Incorporation By Reference</a></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">22</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In this prospectus, the terms &ldquo;Siebert,&rdquo; &ldquo;Company,&rdquo;
&ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us&rdquo; and &ldquo;our&rdquo; refer to Siebert Financial Corp., and its subsidiaries collectively, unless the
context otherwise requires.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You should rely only on information contained or incorporated by reference
in this prospectus. We have not authorized any person to provide you with information that differs from what is contained or incorporated
by reference in this prospectus. If any person does provide you with information that differs from what is contained or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus, you should not rely on it. This prospectus is not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy
any securities other than the securities to which it relates, or an offer of solicitation in any jurisdiction where offers or sales are
not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, even though this prospectus
may be delivered or shares may be sold under this prospectus on a later date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_001"></a>About This Prospectus</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC or the Commission, using a &ldquo;shelf&rdquo; registration process. Under the shelf
process, we may, from time to time, issue and sell to the public any or all of the securities described in the registration statement
in one or more offerings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities
we may offer. Each time we offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices,
and terms of the securities we offer. The prospectus supplement also may add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus.
This prospectus, together with applicable prospectus supplements, includes all material information relating to this offering. If there
is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the information in the accompanying prospectus supplement, you should
rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. Please carefully read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together
with the additional information described below under the section entitled &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may sell the securities to or through underwriters, dealers, or
agents or directly to purchasers. We and our agents reserve the sole right to accept and to reject in whole or in part any proposed purchase
of securities. A prospectus supplement, which we will provide each time we offer securities, will provide the names of any underwriters,
dealers or agents involved in the sale of the securities, and any applicable fee, commission, or discount arrangements with them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_002"></a>Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The statements contained throughout this prospectus, including any
documents incorporated by reference, that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are &ldquo;forward-looking
statements&rdquo; within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include
statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;would,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo;
&ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;target,&rdquo;
&ldquo;project,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend&rdquo; and similar words or expressions. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations,
projections, or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">These forward-looking statements, which reflect our beliefs, objectives,
and expectations as of the date hereof, are based on the best judgement of management. All forward-looking statements speak only as of
the date on which they are made. Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions relating
to factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in such statements, including, without limitation,
the following: economic, social and political conditions, global economic downturns resulting from extraordinary events such as the COVID-19
pandemic and other securities industry risks; interest rate risks; liquidity risks; credit risk with clients and counterparties; risk
of liability for errors in clearing functions; systemic risk; systems failures, delays and capacity constraints; network security risks;
competition; reliance on external service providers; new laws and regulations affecting our business; net capital requirements; extensive
regulation, regulatory uncertainties and legal matters; failure to maintain relationships with employees, customers, business partners
or governmental entities; the inability to achieve synergies or to implement integration plans.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We caution that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive, and
new factors may emerge, or changes to the foregoing factors may occur, that could impact our business. We undertake no obligation to publicly
update or revise these statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by
the federal securities laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<DIV STYLE="padding: 5.4pt; border: Black 1.5pt solid">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_003"></a>Prospectus Summary</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere
in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and does not contain all of the information that you need to consider
in making your investment decision. You should carefully read the entire prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including
the risks of investing in our securities discussed under the sections titled &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; contained in this prospectus and
the applicable prospectus supplement, and under similar sections in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
You should also carefully read the other information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including our more detailed consolidated
financial statements, notes to the consolidated financial statements and the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus
is a part.</I>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Our Company</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">We are a diversified financial services firm
and provides a full range of brokerage and financial advisory services including securities brokerage, investment banking and capital
markets services, investment advisory and insurance offerings, and corporate stock plan administration solutions. Our firm is characterized
by building solid relationships with our clients through exceptional personal service and proven performance. We have a strong legacy
and continue to evolve in our approach to take advantage of opportunities in the financial services industry. As part of our strategic
initiatives to diversify and create synergies between our enterprises, we acquired a media and entertainment company. Additionally we
created an investment advisory committee with several veterans in the entertainment industry.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">We conduct the following lines of business
through our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>Muriel Siebert &amp; Co., LLC (&ldquo;MSCO&rdquo;) provides retail brokerage services. MSCO is a Delaware corporation and broker-dealer
registered with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;) and the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936,
and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (&ldquo;FINRA&rdquo;), the New York Stock Exchange (&ldquo;NYSE&rdquo;), the
Securities Investor Protection Corporation (&ldquo;SIPC&rdquo;), Euroclear, and the National Futures Association (&ldquo;NFA&rdquo;),
and the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (&ldquo;CFTC&rdquo;).</TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                              </TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>Siebert AdvisorNXT, LLC (&ldquo;SNXT&rdquo;) provides investment advisory services. SNXT is a New York corporation registered with
the SEC as a Registered Investment Advisor (&ldquo;RIA&rdquo;) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (&ldquo;Advisers Act&rdquo;),
and the CFTC.</TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                       </TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>Park Wilshire Companies, Inc. (&ldquo;PW&rdquo;) provides insurance services. PW is a Texas corporation and licensed insurance agency.</TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       </TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>Siebert Technologies, LLC (&ldquo;STCH&rdquo;) provides technology development. STCH is a Nevada limited liability company.</TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            </TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>RISE Financial Services, LLC, (&ldquo;RISE&rdquo;) is a Delaware limited liability company and a broker-dealer registered with the
SEC, CFTC, FINRA, SIPC and NFA.</TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                         </TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>StockCross Digital Solutions, Ltd. (&ldquo;STXD&rdquo;) is an inactive subsidiary headquartered in Bermuda.</TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            </TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>Gebbia Entertainment, LLC (&ldquo;GE&rdquo;) is a Florida limited liability company and provides media entertainment services.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>Corporate Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">Our headquarters is located at 653 Collins
Avenue, Miami Beach, FL 33139, with primary operations in New York, Florida and California. Our phone number is (310) 385-1861 and our
Internet address is www.siebert.com. We have 10 branch offices throughout the U.S. and clients around the world. Our filings with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) will be available free of charge through the website as soon as reasonably
practicable after being electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Information contained on, or accessible through, our website
does not constitute a part of this prospectus or our other filings with the SEC, and you should not consider any information contained
on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus or in deciding whether to purchase our securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">Our common stock, par value $.01 per share,
trades on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol &ldquo;SIEB.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>The Securities We May Offer </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may offer any securities described in this prospectus, either individually
or in combination with other securities, up to a total dollar amount of $100,000,000, from time to time under this prospectus, together
with the applicable prospectus supplement, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of any offering. This
prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under
this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of
the securities, including, to the extent applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>designation or classification;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>maturity date, if applicable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>original issue discount, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>rates and times of payment of interest or dividends, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>redemption, conversion, exercise, exchange or sinking fund terms, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>ranking;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>restrictive covenants, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>voting or other rights, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>conversion or exchange prices or rates, if any, and, if applicable, any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the conversion
or exchange prices or rates and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion or exchange; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations, if any.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The applicable prospectus supplement may also add, update or change
any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents we have incorporated by reference.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may sell the securities directly to investors or to or through agents,
underwriters or dealers. We and our agents or underwriters, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase
of securities. If we do offer securities to or through agents or underwriters, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the names of those agents or underwriters;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>details regarding overallotment options, if any; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the net proceeds to us.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Use of Proceeds </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 20pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Except as described in any applicable prospectus supplement, we currently
intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us hereunder, if any, for working capital and general corporate
purposes. We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement our intended use for the net proceeds received from the sale of any
securities sold pursuant to the prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 20pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Nasdaq Listing </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Our common stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol &ldquo;SIEB&rdquo;.
The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to other listings, if any, on Nasdaq or any other
securities market or other exchange of the securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_004"></a>Risk Factors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">An investment in our securities is risky. Prior to making a decision
about investing in our securities, you should carefully consider the specific risks discussed in our other filings with the SEC, which
are incorporated by reference in this prospectus, together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus, any applicable
prospectus supplement, or otherwise incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The risks and uncertainties described in our SEC filings
are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently see as immaterial,
may also harm our business. If any of the risks or uncertainties described in the applicable prospectus supplement or our SEC filings
or any such additional risks and uncertainties actually occur, our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition
could be materially and adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you might lose part or
all of your investment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_005"></a>Use of Proceeds</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Unless we state otherwise in an accompanying prospectus supplement,
we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us in offerings under this prospectus and any related prospectus
supplement for general corporate purposes. These purposes may include working capital, acquisitions, retirement of debt and other business
opportunities. Pending the application of the net proceeds, we may invest the proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing instruments or
other investment-grade securities. We cannot estimate precisely the allocation of the net proceeds from these offerings. Accordingly,
our management team will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds of these offerings, if any.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_006"></a>Description of Capital Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of the date of this prospectus, our certificate of incorporation,
as amended (&ldquo;Certificate of Incorporation&rdquo;), authorizes us to issue 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.01 per
share. No shares of preferred stock had been issued or were outstanding and we are not authorized to issue any shares of preferred stock;
however, it is possible that we could amend our Certificate of Incorporation to authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following summary description of our capital stock is based on
the provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation, our by-laws (the &ldquo;By-laws&rdquo;), and the applicable provisions of the New
York Business Corporation Law (&ldquo;NYBCL&rdquo;). This information may not be complete in all respects and is qualified entirely by
reference to the provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation, the By-laws and the NYBCL. For information on how to obtain copies of
our Certificate of Incorporation and our By-laws, which are exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,
see the section titled &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Common Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>General</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Each holder of our common stock is entitled to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>one vote per share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>share ratably in all of our assets remaining after we pay our liabilities, in the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding
up, subject to the rights of each series of our preferred stock, which may, from time to time come into existence.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Holders of common stock have no cumulative voting rights, redemption
rights or preemptive rights to purchase or subscribe for any shares of our common stock or other securities. All of the outstanding shares
of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Anti-takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation
and By-laws and of New York Law</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Section 912 of the NYBCL</I>. As a New York corporation that has
a class of voting stock listed on a national securities exchange, we are subject to the provisions of Section 912 of the New York Business
Corporation Law (&ldquo;NYBCL&rdquo;). In general, Section 912 prohibits a public New York corporation from engaging in a &ldquo;business
combination&rdquo; with an &ldquo;interested shareholder&rdquo; for a period of five years from the date on which the shareholder first
becomes an interested shareholder unless such business combination or the purchase of stock made by such interested shareholder on such
interested shareholder&rsquo;s stock acquisition date is approved by the board of directors prior to such interested shareholder&rsquo;s
stock acquisition date. In addition, no domestic corporation shall engage at any time in any business combination with any interested
shareholder of such corporation other than in situation where: (i) the business combination is approved by the board of directors before
the stock acquisition or the acquisition of the stock had been approved by the board of directors before the stock acquisition; (ii) the
business combination is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled
to vote not beneficially owned by the interested shareholder at a meeting called for that purpose no earlier than five years after the
stock acquisition; or (iii) in the business combination, the interested shareholder pays a formula price designed to ensure that all other
shareholders receive at least the highest price per share that is paid by the interested shareholder and such business combination meets
certain other requirements. The NYBCL defines the term &ldquo;business combination&rdquo; to include transactions such as certain mergers,
consolidations, dispositions of assets or stock, issuance or transfer of any stock, plans for liquidation or dissolution, reclassifications
of securities, recapitalizations and similar transactions. The NYBCL defines the term &ldquo;interested shareholder&rdquo; generally as
any person who owns at least twenty-percent (20%) of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote or is an affiliate or associate
of such corporation and at any time within the five-year period immediately prior to the date in question owned at least twenty-percent
(20%) of the then outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote. A corporation can expressly elect not to be governed by the NYBCL&rsquo;s
business combination provision in its bylaws, which must be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of
the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote and is subject to further conditions, but we have not done so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I></I></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Board of Directors</I>. Our board of directors currently consists
of seven directors, but the number of directors may be increased or decreased, to not less than three or more than nine, by resolution
of a majority of the entire board of directors or by the shareholders at an annual or any special meeting; provided, however, that if
our shares are owned beneficially and of record by less than three shareholders, the number of directors may, if so determined by resolution
of the board of directors or by our shareholders at an annual or special meeting, be less than three but not less than the number of shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Special Meetings of Shareholders</I>. Special meetings of our shareholders
may be called only by the President of the Company, if any, or by resolution of the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Market-Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">There is currently no market for any of the offered securities, other
than our common stock which is traded on Nasdaq. If the offered securities are traded after their initial issuance, they may trade at
a discount from their initial offering price, depending upon prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities and other factors.
While it is possible that an underwriter could inform us that it intends to make a market in the offered securities, any such underwriter
would not be obligated to do so, and any such market-making could be discontinued at any time without notice. Therefore, no assurance
can be given as to whether an active trading market will develop for the offered securities. We have no current plans for listing the
preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants, debt securities, units or subscription rights on any securities exchange or quotation system.
Any such listing with respect to our preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants, debt securities, units or subscription rights will
be described in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering materials, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Transfer Agent</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Equiniti Trust
Company, LLC, with offices at 55 Challenger Road, Ridgefield Park, New Jersey 07660.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Preferred Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Our Certificate of Incorporation does not authorize us to issue any
shares of preferred stock; however, it is possible that we could amend our Certificate of Incorporation to authorize the issuance of shares
of preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">To the extent we amend our Certificate of Incorporation to authorize
the issuance of shares of preferred stock, we will file as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this prospectus is a part,
or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation or amendment to our
Certificate of Incorporation that describes the terms of any series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of that series
of preferred stock. This description will include, but not be limited to, the following: (i) the title and stated value; (ii) the number
of shares we are offering; (iii) the liquidation preference per share; (iv) the purchase price; (v) the dividend rate, period and payment
date and method of calculation for dividends; (vi) whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date
from which dividends will accumulate; (vii) the provisions for a sinking fund, if any; (viii) the provisions for redemption or repurchase,
if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights; (ix) whether the preferred stock
will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price, or how it will be calculated, and the conversion
period; (x) whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange price, or how it will
be calculated, and the exchange period; (xi) voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock; (x) preemptive rights, if any; (xi) restrictions
on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any; (xii) a discussion of any material United States federal income tax considerations applicable
to the preferred stock; (xiii) the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate,
dissolve or wind up our affairs; (xiv) any limitations on the issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or
on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs and (xv)
any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_007"></a>Description of Depositary Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>General</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">To the extent we amend our Certificate of Incorporation to authorize
the issuance of shares of preferred stock, we may, at our option, elect to offer fractional shares of preferred stock, which we call depositary
shares, rather than full shares of preferred stock. If we do, we will issue to the public receipts, called depositary receipts, for depositary
shares, each of which will represent a fraction, to be described in the prospectus supplement, of a share of a particular series of preferred
stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The shares of any series of preferred stock represented by depositary
shares will be deposited with a depositary named in the prospectus supplement. Unless otherwise provided in the prospectus supplement,
each owner of a depositary share will be entitled, in proportion to the applicable fractional interest in a share of preferred stock represented
by the depositary share, to all the rights and preferences of the preferred stock represented by the depositary share. Those rights include
dividend, voting, redemption, conversion and liquidation rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Dividends and Other Distributions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The depositary will distribute all cash dividends or other cash distributions
received in respect of the preferred stock to the record holders of depositary shares in proportion to the numbers of depositary shares
owned by those holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If there is a distribution other than in cash, the depositary will
distribute property received by it to the record holders of depositary shares, unless the depositary determines that it is not feasible
to make the distribution. If this occurs, the depositary may, with our approval, sell the property and distribute the net proceeds from
the sale to the holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Withdrawal of Stock</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Unless the related depositary shares have been previously called for
redemption, upon surrender of the depositary receipts at the office of the depositary, the holder of the depositary shares will be entitled
to delivery, at the office of the depositary to or upon his or her order, of the number of whole shares of the preferred stock and any
money or other property represented by the depositary shares. If the depositary receipts delivered by the holder evidence a number of
depositary shares in excess of the number of depositary shares representing the number of whole shares of preferred stock to be withdrawn,
the depositary will deliver to the holder at the same time a new depositary receipt evidencing the excess number of depositary shares.
In no event will the depositary deliver fractional shares of preferred stock upon surrender of depositary receipts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Redemption of Depositary Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Whenever we redeem shares of preferred stock held by the depositary,
the depositary will redeem as of the same redemption date the number of depositary shares representing shares of the preferred stock so
redeemed, so long as we have paid in full to the depositary the redemption price of the preferred stock to be redeemed plus an amount
equal to any accumulated and unpaid dividends on the preferred stock to the date fixed for redemption. The redemption price per depositary
share will be equal to the redemption price and any other amounts per share payable on the preferred stock multiplied by the fraction
of a share of preferred stock represented by one depositary share. If less than all the depositary shares are to be redeemed, the depositary
shares to be redeemed will be selected by lot or pro rata or by any other equitable method as may be determined by the depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">After the date fixed for redemption, depositary shares called for redemption
will no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights of the holders of depositary shares will cease, except the right to receive
the moneys payable upon redemption and any money or other property to which the holders of the depositary shares were entitled upon redemption
upon surrender to the depositary of the depositary receipts evidencing the depositary shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Voting the Depositary Shares</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of the preferred
stock are entitled to vote, the depositary will mail the information contained in the notice of meeting to the record holders of the depositary
receipts relating to that preferred stock. The record date for the depositary receipts relating to the preferred stock will be the same
date as the record date for the preferred stock. Each record holder of the depositary shares on the record date will be entitled to instruct
the depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the number of shares of preferred stock represented by that holder&rsquo;s
depositary shares. The depositary will endeavor, insofar as practicable, to vote the number of shares of preferred stock represented by
the depositary shares in accordance with those instructions, and we will agree to take all action which may be deemed necessary by the
depositary in order to enable the depositary to do so. The depositary will not vote any shares of preferred stock except to the extent
it receives specific instructions from the holders of depositary shares representing that number of shares of preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Charges of Depositary</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will pay all transfer and other taxes and governmental charges arising
solely from the existence of the depositary arrangements. We will pay charges of the depositary in connection with the initial deposit
of the preferred stock and any redemption of the preferred stock. Holders of depositary receipts will pay other transfer and other taxes
and governmental charges and such other charges as are expressly provided in the deposit agreement to be for their accounts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Resignation and Removal of Depositary</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The depositary may resign at any time by delivering to us notice of
its election to do so, and we may remove the depositary at any time. Any resignation or removal of the depositary will take effect upon
our appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment. The successor depositary must be appointed within 60
days after delivery of the notice of resignation or removal and must be a bank or trust company having its principal office in the United
States and having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Notices</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The depositary will forward to holders of depositary receipts all notices,
reports and other communications, including proxy solicitation materials received from us, which are delivered to the depositary and which
we are required to furnish to the holders of the preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Limitation of Liability </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Neither we nor the depositary will be liable if either of us is prevented
or delayed by law or any circumstance beyond our control in performing our obligations. Our obligations and those of the depositary will
be limited to performance in good faith of our and their duties thereunder. We and the depositary will not be obligated to prosecute or
defend any legal proceeding in respect of any depositary shares or preferred stock unless satisfactory indemnity is furnished. We and
the depositary may rely upon written advice of counsel or accountants, on information provided by persons presenting preferred stock for
deposit, holders of depositary receipts or other persons believed to be competent and on documents believed to be genuine.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_008"></a>Description of Debt Securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series,
as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply
generally to any debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities
that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities offered under a prospectus
supplement may differ from the terms described below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indenture, we also
are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will issue the debt securities under an indenture that we will enter
into with the trustee named in such indenture. Such indenture will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or
the Trust Indenture Act. We have filed the form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a
part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed
as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we
file with the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following summary of material provisions of the debt securities
and the indenture is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a
particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements and any related free writing prospectuses
related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete indenture that contains the terms of the
debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>General</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The indenture will not limit the amount of debt securities that we
may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or
currency unit that we may designate. Except for the provisions contained in the indenture that require the assumption of debt securities
by successors in connection with any consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets, the terms of the indenture
do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in our operations,
financial condition or transactions involving us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may, without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of
any series, issue additional debt securities ranking equally with, and otherwise similar in all respects to, the debt securities of the
series (except for any differences in the issue price and, if applicable, the initial interest accrual date and interest payment date)
so that those additional debt securities will be consolidated and form a single series with the debt securities of the series previously
offered and sold; provided that if the additional debt securities are not fungible with the debt securities of the series previously offered
or sold for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the additional debt securities will have a separate CUSIP or other identifying number.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as &ldquo;discount
securities,&rdquo; which means they may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other
debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may be issued with &ldquo;original issue discount,&rdquo; or OID, for U.S. federal
income tax purposes because of interest payment and other characteristics or terms of the debt securities. Material U.S. federal income
tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with OID will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms
of the series of debt securities being offered, including:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the title of the series of debt securities;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">any limit upon the aggregate principal amount that may be
issued;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the maturity date or dates;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the form of the debt securities of the series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the applicability of any guarantees;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured,
and the terms of any secured debt;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">whether the debt securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated
debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">if the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate
principal amount thereof) at which such debt securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion
of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the
principal amount of such debt securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable,
or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular
record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum
length of any such deferral period;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period
or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any
optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices
at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder&rsquo;s
option to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt
securities, if other than denominations of $2,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">any and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction
or remarketing of the debt securities of that series and any security for our obligations with respect to such debt securities and any
other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of debt securities of that series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued
in whole or in part in the form of a global security or securities;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global
security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual securities; and the depositary for such global security
or securities;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange
of any debt securities of the series and the terms and conditions upon which such debt securities will be so convertible or exchangeable,
including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional
(at our option or the holders&rsquo; option) conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner
of settlement for any conversion or exchange;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion
of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">additions to or changes in the covenants applicable to the
particular debt securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">additions to or changes in the events of default with respect
to the securities and any change in the right of the trustee or the holders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest,
if any, with respect to such securities to be due and payable;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions
relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction
and discharge of the indenture;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the
modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders of debt securities issued under the indenture;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the currency of payment of debt securities if other than
U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">whether interest will be payable in cash or additional debt
securities at our or the holders&rsquo; option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the terms and conditions, if any, upon which we will pay
amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal amounts of the debt securities of the series to any holder
that is not a &ldquo;United States person&rdquo; for federal tax purposes;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the debt
securities of the series; and</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations
of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, including any additional events of default or covenants provided with respect to the debt
securities, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations or advisable in connection with
the marketing of the debt securities.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Conversion or Exchange Rights </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms
on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. We will include
provisions as to settlement upon conversion or exchange and whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or
at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or our other securities that the holders
of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Consolidation, Merger or Sale </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable
to a particular series of debt securities, the indenture will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate,
or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of our assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety. However, any successor to
or acquirer of such assets (other than a subsidiary of ours) must assume all of our obligations under the indenture or the debt securities,
as appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If the debt securities are convertible for our other securities, the
person with whom we consolidate or merge or to whom we sell all of our property would have to make provisions for the conversion of the
debt securities into securities that the holders of the debt securities would have received if they had converted the debt securities
before the consolidation, merger or sale.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Events of Default under the Indenture </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable
to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indenture with respect to any series of debt
securities that we may issue:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">if we fail to pay any installment of interest on any series
of debt securities, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 30 days; provided,
however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by us in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto
shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">if we fail to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, on
any series of debt securities as and when the same shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration
or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to such series; provided, however,
that a valid extension of the maturity of such debt securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall
not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement
contained in the debt securities or the indenture, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities,
and our failure continues for 60 days after we receive written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating
that such is a notice of default thereunder, from the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of the applicable series; and</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization
occur.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series
occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least
25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if
notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately.
If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the principal amount of and accrued interest,
if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the
trustee or any holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt
securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults
or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default
in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Subject to the terms of the indenture, if an event of default under
an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such
indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered
the trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will
have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with
any law or the applicable indenture; and</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the
trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved
in the proceeding.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">A holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to
institute a proceeding under the indenture or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing
event of default with respect to that series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount
of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">such holders have offered to the trustee indemnity satisfactory
to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred by the trustee in compliance with the request; and</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not
receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting
directions within 90 days after the notice, request and offer.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of
debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our
compliance with specified covenants in the indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Modification of Indenture; Waiver </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any
holders with respect to specific matters:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture
or in the debt securities of any series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to comply with the provisions described above under &ldquo;<I>Description
of Debt Securities-Consolidation, Merger or Sale</I>&rdquo;;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition
to or in place of certificated debt securities;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to add to our covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions
such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to
make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or
provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations,
and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth
in the indenture;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to make any change that does not adversely affect the interests
of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material respect;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and
terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided above under &ldquo;<I>Description of Debt Securities-General</I>&rdquo;
to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities,
or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
under any indenture by a successor trustee; or</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection
with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In addition, under the indenture, the rights of holders of a series
of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement
applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each
holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">extending the fixed maturity of any debt securities of any
series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending
the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption of any series of any debt securities; or</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of
which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Discharge</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Each indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our
obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">provide for payment;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the
series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the
series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">pay principal of and premium and interest on any debt securities
of the series;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">maintain paying agencies;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">hold monies for payment in trust;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">recover excess money held by the trustee;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">compensate and indemnify the trustee; and</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">appoint any successor trustee.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with
the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities
of the series on the dates payments are due.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Form, Exchange and Transfer</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered
form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $2,000 and any integral
multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. The indenture provides that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global
form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, or another depositary
named by us and identified in the applicable prospectus supplement with respect to that series. To the extent the debt securities of a
series are issued in global form and as book-entry, a description of terms relating to any book-entry securities will be set forth in
the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indenture
and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities
of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like
tenor and aggregate principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable
to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities
for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required
by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this
purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose no service
charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar,
and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time
designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which
any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities
of each series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not
be required to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities
of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any
debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities
so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Information Concerning the Trustee </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an
event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture.
Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in
the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given
it by the indenture at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the
costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Payment and Paying Agents</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement,
we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities,
or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities
of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable
prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders.
Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the trustee as our
sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any
other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each
place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">All money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of
the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal,
premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us
for payment thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Governing Law</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The indenture and the debt securities will be governed by and construed
in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_009"></a>Description of Warrants</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following description, together with the additional information
we include in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under
this prospectus and any related warrant agreements and warrant certificates. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally
to any warrants we may offer, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus
supplement, which may differ from the terms we describe below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>General</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may issue, together with other securities or separately, warrants
to purchase common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares and/or debt securities. We may issue the warrants directly to the purchasers
of the warrants or under warrant agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as warrant agent, all as set forth
in the applicable prospectus supplement. A warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants of the series being
offered and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The prospectus supplement will describe the following terms, where
applicable, of warrants that we may offer:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the title of the warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the designation, amount and terms of the securities for which the warrants are exercisable and the procedures and conditions relating
to the exercise of such warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the designation and terms of the other securities, if any, with which the warrants are to be issued and the number of warrants issued
with each such security;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the price or prices at which the warrants will be issued;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the aggregate number of warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any provisions for adjustment of the number or amount of securities receivable upon exercise of the warrants or the exercise price
of the warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the price or prices at which the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants may be purchased, including provisions for adjustment
of the exercise price of the warrant;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants will be separately
transferable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>if applicable, a discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the exercise of the warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any other terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the date on which the right to exercise the warrants shall commence, and the date on which the right shall expire; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the maximum or minimum number of warrants which may be exercised at any time.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have
any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments
upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I></I></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Exercise of Warrants</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Each warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase the number
of shares of common stock, the number of shares of preferred stock, the number of depositary shares and/or the principal amount of debt
securities at the exercise price as will in each case be set forth in, or be determinable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement.
Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Warrants may be exercised as set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement relating to the warrants offered thereby. Upon receipt of payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed
at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will, as
soon as practicable, forward the purchased securities. If less than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate are exercised,
a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Enforceability of Rights of Holders of Warrants</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Each warrant agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable
warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank
or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in
case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings
at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the
holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise
of, that holder&rsquo;s warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_010"></a>Description of Units</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may, from time to time, issue units comprised of one or more of
the other securities described in this prospectus in any combination. A prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms of the
units offered under that prospectus supplement, and any special considerations applicable to investing in those units. You must look at
the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable unit agreement for a full understanding of the specific terms of any units. We
will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part the form of unit agreement, including
a form of unit certificate, if any, that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering before the issuance of the related
series of units. While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any future units that we may offer under this prospectus,
we will describe the particular terms of any series of units that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement
and incorporated documents. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>General</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may issue units consisting of common stock, preferred stock, depositary
shares, debt securities, warrants or any combination thereof in such amounts and in such numerous distinct series as we determine. Each
unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit
will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide
that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time, or at any time before a specified date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement and any incorporated
documents the terms of the series of units, including the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances
those securities may be held or transferred separately;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any unit agreement under which the units will be issued; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer, or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The provisions described in this section, as well as those described
under &ldquo;Description of Capital Stock,&rdquo; &ldquo;Description of Depositary Shares,&rdquo; &ldquo;Description of Debt Securities&rdquo;
and &ldquo;Description of Warrants&rdquo; will apply to each unit and to any common stock, preferred stock, depositary share, debt security
or warrant included in each unit, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Each unit agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit
agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company
may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us
under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or
to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, may enforce
by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Title</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We, the unit agent, and any of their agents may treat the registered
holder of any unit certificate as an absolute owner of the units evidenced by that certificate for any purposes and as the person entitled
to exercise the rights attaching to the units so requested, despite any notice to the contrary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_011"></a>Description of Subscription Rights</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">We may issue subscription rights to purchase
common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities, warrants or any combination thereof. These subscription rights may
be issued independently or together with any other security offered hereby and may or may not be transferable by the stockholder receiving
the subscription rights in such offering. In connection with any offering of subscription rights, we may enter into a standby arrangement
with one or more underwriters or other purchasers pursuant to which the underwriters or other purchasers may be required to purchase any
securities remaining unsubscribed for after such offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms
of any offering of subscription rights for which this prospectus is being delivered, including the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the price, if any, for the subscription rights;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the exercise price payable for each security upon the exercise of the subscription rights;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the number of subscription rights issued to each stockholder;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the number and terms of the securities that may be purchased pursuant to each subscription right;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the extent to which the subscription rights are transferable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the date on which the right to exercise the subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which the subscription rights shall
expire;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the extent to which the subscription rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement entered into by us in connection with the offering
of subscription rights.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any subscription
rights we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable subscription rights
certificate, which will be filed with the SEC, if we offer subscription rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_012"></a>Plan of Distribution</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may sell the securities covered hereby from time to time pursuant
to underwritten public offerings, direct sales to the public, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods.
A distribution of these securities offered by this prospectus may also be effected through the issuance of derivative securities, including
without limitation, warrants. We may directly solicit offers to purchase securities, or agents may be designated to solicit such offers,
we may also sell the securities to or through underwriters or dealers, through agents, directly to one or more purchasers, or through
a combination of any of these methods of sale. We may distribute securities from time to time in one or more transactions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>at negotiated prices.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may also sell equity securities covered by this registration statement
in an &ldquo;at the market offering&rdquo; as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act. Such offering may be made into an existing
trading market for such securities in transactions at other than a fixed price, either:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>on or through the facilities of Nasdaq or any other securities exchange or quotation or trading service on which such securities may
be listed, quoted, or traded at the time of sale; and/or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>to or through a market maker other than on Nasdaq or such other securities exchanges or quotation or trading services.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Such &ldquo;at-the-market offerings,&rdquo; if any, may be conducted
by underwriters acting as principal or agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">A prospectus supplement or supplements (and any related free writing
prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including, to the extent
applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the terms of the offering;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 38.3pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the amounts of securities underwritten or purchased by each of them;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>the purchase price of the securities or other consideration therefor and the proceeds, if any, we will receive from the sale;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any agency fees or underwriting discounts, concessions, commissions, and other items constituting agents&rsquo; or underwriters&rsquo;
compensation;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any delayed delivery arrangements;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any public offering price;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 20.3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT>&#9679;</TD><TD>any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement are underwriters
of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement. Dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be
deemed to be underwriters, and compensation received by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts. If
such dealers or agents were deemed to be underwriters, they may be subject to statutory liabilities under the Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If underwriters are used in the sale, they will acquire the securities
for their own account and may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price or
at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to the
conditions set forth in the applicable underwriting agreement. We may offer the securities to the public through underwriting syndicates
represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Subject to certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated
to purchase all of the securities offered by the applicable prospectus supplement, other than securities covered by any option to purchase
additional securities. If a dealer is used in the sale of securities, we or an underwriter will sell the securities to the dealer, as
principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.
To the extent required, we will set forth in the prospectus supplement the name of the dealer and the terms of the transaction. Any public
offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers may change from time to time. We may use underwriters
with whom we have a material relationship. We will describe in the prospectus supplement that names the underwriter the nature of any
such relationship.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from
time to time. In the prospectus supplement, we will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities and describe any commissions
and other compensation we will pay the agent. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts
basis for the period of its appointment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may authorize agents or underwriters to solicit offers by certain
types of institutional investors to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant
to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. We will describe in the prospectus
supplement the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must pay for solicitation of these contracts. The obligations of any
purchaser under any such contract will be subject to the condition that the purchase of the securities shall not be prohibited at the
time of delivery under the laws of the jurisdiction to which the purchaser is subject. The underwriters and other agents will not have
any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance of these contracts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may provide agents, underwriters, and dealers with indemnification
against civil liabilities related to this offering, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments
that the agents, underwriters, or dealers may make with respect to these liabilities. Agents, underwriters, and dealers, or their affiliates,
may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, all securities
we offer, other than common stock, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any agents or underwriters may
make a market in these securities but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice.
We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities. There is currently no market for any of the offered securities,
other than our common stock which is listed on Nasdaq. We have no current plans for listing of the preferred stock, depositary shares,
debt securities, warrants, rights or units on any securities exchange or quotation system; any such listing with respect to any particular
preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities, warrants, rights or units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement
or other offering materials, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Any agents and underwriter may engage in overallotment, stabilizing
transactions, short covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Overallotment involves
sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security
so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in
the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling
concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover
short positions. The activities described above may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. The imposition
of a penalty bid might also have an effect on the price of the securities to the extent that it discourages resales of the securities.
If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time. These transactions may be effected on any exchange or
over-the-counter market or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Any underwriters who are qualified market makers on Nasdaq may engage
in passive market-making transactions in the securities on Nasdaq in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M during the business day
prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the securities. Passive market makers must comply
with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must
display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the
passive market maker&rsquo;s bid, however, the passive market maker&rsquo;s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are
exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in
the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_013"></a>Experts</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The consolidated financial statements of Siebert Financial Corp. as
of December 31, 2024 and for the year then ended have been incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration
statement in reliance on the report of Crowe LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as
experts in auditing and accounting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The consolidated financial statements of Siebert Financial Corp. as
of December 31, 2023 and for the year then ended have been incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration
statement in reliance on the report of Baker Tilly US, LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said
firm as experts in auditing and accounting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_014"></a>Legal Matters</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates otherwise, the
validity of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered will be passed upon for us by Mitchell Silberberg &amp;
Knupp LLP, New York, New York. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us or any underwriters, dealers or agents by counsel that
we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_015"></a>Where You Can Find More Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and
other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public at the SEC&rsquo;s website at www.sec.gov. Our website is
located at www.siebert.com. Through links on the &ldquo;Investor Relations&rdquo; portion of our website, we make available free of charge
all reports, any amendments to those reports and other information filed with, or furnished to, the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;). Such material is made available through our website
as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The information contained
on or that can be accessed through our website does not constitute part of this prospectus, except for reports filed with the SEC that
are specifically incorporated herein by reference.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that
we filed with the SEC. This prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. Forms of any other
documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus
forms a part or will be filed through an amendment to our registration statement on Form S-3 or under cover of a Current Report on Form
8-K or other filed document and incorporated into this prospectus by reference. Statements in this prospectus about these documents are
summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual
documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. The full registration statement, including exhibits thereto, may be
obtained from the SEC or us as indicated above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><a name="a_016"></a>Incorporation by Reference</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The SEC allows us to &ldquo;incorporate by reference&rdquo; the information
we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated
by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and
supersede the information that is either incorporated by reference, or contained in, this prospectus and will be considered a part of
this prospectus from the date those documents are filed. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">our Annual Report on <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/000101376225004385/ea0235589-10k_siebert.htm">Form 10-K</A> for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025, as amended by Amendment No. 1 on <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/000121390025026597/ea0236430-10ka1_siebert.htm">Form 10-K/A</A> filed with the SEC on April 1,
2025;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our Quarterly Report on <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/000121390025042693/ea0241421-10q_siebertfin.htm">Form 10-Q</A> for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2025;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on
<A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/000121390025030614/ea0237799-8k_siebert.htm">April 10, 2025</A>; and</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the description of our capital stock set forth in our Registration
Statement on <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/0001019056-98-000421.txt">Form 8-A</A>, filed with the SEC on July 16, 1998, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such
description.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In addition, all documents filed by us with the SEC pursuant to Sections
13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of filing the registration statement that includes this prospectus
and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to the registration statement containing this prospectus, which indicates that all
securities offered have been sold or which deregisters all of such securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated
by reference in this prospectus and to be a part hereof from the respective dates of filing of such documents. However, we are not incorporating
by reference, in each case, any information or documents that are deemed to be furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules, including
any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or
telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Siebert Financial Corp.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">653 Collins Avenue</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Miami Beach, Florida 33139</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(310) 385-1861</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Attention: Secretary</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will not, however, send exhibits to these documents unless the exhibits
are specifically incorporated by reference in those documents or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus. In addition,
you may obtain a copy of these filings from the SEC as described above in the section entitled &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PART II</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Information Not Required In Prospectus</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 14. Other Expenses Of Issuance And Distribution</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The following statement sets forth the expenses
and costs expected to be incurred by the Company in connection with the distribution of its securities being registered in this registration
statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; text-align: left">SEC registration fee</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">15,310</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">FINRA filing fee</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15,500</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Transfer agent&rsquo;s fees and expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Legal fees and expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Accounting fees and expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&#8239;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Trustee fees and expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">Miscellaneous fees and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Estimated expenses are not presently known. The foregoing sets
forth the general categories of expenses that we anticipate we will incur in connection with the offering of securities under this registration
statement. An estimate of the aggregate expenses in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being offered will
be included in the applicable prospectus supplement or in a report filed by the registrant under the Exchange Act.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 15. Indemnification Of Directors And Officers</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to
the complete text of the New York Business Corporation Law (&ldquo;NYBCL&rdquo;) referred to below and to the certificate of incorporation,
as amended, and the by-laws of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The NYBCL permits a corporation to indemnify any person made, or threatened
to be made, a party to an action or proceeding (other than one by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor),
whether civil or criminal, by reason of the fact that the person was a director or officer of the corporation (or served another entity
in any capacity at the request of the corporation), against judgments, fines, amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including
attorneys&rsquo; fees actually and necessarily incurred as a result of such action or proceeding, or any appeal therein, if such director
or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which the person reasonably believed to be in (or, in the case of service for any other
entity), not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and, in criminal actions or proceedings, in addition, had no reasonable
cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The NYBCL provides that the termination of any such civil or criminal
action or proceeding by judgment, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere, or its equivalent, shall not in itself create
a presumption that any such director or officer did not act, in good faith, for a purpose which he reasonably believed to be in, or, in
the case of service for any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, not
opposed to, the best interests of the corporation or that he had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The NYBCL permits a corporation to indemnify any person made, or threatened
to be made, a party to an action by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he
is or was a director or officer of the corporation (or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of
any other entity) against amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys&rsquo; fees, actually and necessarily
incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, or in connection with an appeal therein, if such director
or officer acted, in good faith, for a purpose which he reasonably believed to be in, or, in the case of service for any entity, not opposed
to, the best interests of the corporation, except that no such indemnification shall be made in respect of (1) a threatened action, or
a pending action which is settled or otherwise disposed of, or (2) any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been
adjudged to be liable to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action was brought, or, if no action
was brought, any court of competent jurisdiction, determines upon application that, in view of all the circumstances of the case, the
person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such portion of the settlement amount and expenses as the court deems proper.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Our certificate of incorporation and by-laws provide that, to the fullest
extent permitted by the NYBCL, we will indemnify our present and future directors and officers against all expenses actually and reasonably
incurred by them as a result of their being threatened with or otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding (other than an action
commenced on our own behalf) by virtue of the fact that they are or were one of our officers or directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may also purchase and maintain insurance to indemnify the Company
for any obligation we incur as a result of the indemnification of directors and officers, or to indemnify directors and officers, pursuant
to our by-laws and in accordance with the NYBCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We have obtained officer and director liability insurance with respect
to liabilities arising out of various matters, including matters arising under the Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 16. Exhibits.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%"><B>Exhibit<BR>
Number</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; width: 90%"><B>Description</B></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">1.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Form of Underwriting Agreement*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">3.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/0001019056-98-000168.txt">Certificate of Incorporation of Siebert Financial Corp. (formerly known as J. Michaels, Inc.) originally filed on April 9, 1934, as amended and restated to date (incorporated by reference to the Company&rsquo;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997)</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">3.1(a)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/000115752320000435/a52195057ex3_1a.htm">Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of Siebert Financial Corp., as amended and restated, filed February 2, 2020 (incorporated by reference to the Company&rsquo;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019)</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">3.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/65596/0001019056-98-000192.txt">By-laws of Siebert Financial Corp. (incorporated by reference to the Company&rsquo;s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-49843) filed on April 10, 1998)</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">4.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Form of Certificate of Amendment Establishing a Series of Preferred Stock*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">4.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Form of Deposit Agreement (including form of Depositary Receipt)*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">4.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="ea024059801ex4-3_siebert.htm">Form of Indenture**</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">4.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Form of Warrant and Form of Warrant Agreement*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">4.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Form of Unit Agreement*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">4.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Form of Subscription Rights Agreement (including form of Subscription Rights Certificate)*</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">5.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="ea024059801ex5-1_siebert.htm">Opinion of Mitchell Silberberg &amp; Knupp LLP**</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">23.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="ea024059801ex23-1_siebert.htm">Consent of Crowe LLP**</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">23.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="ea024059801ex23-2_siebert.htm">Consent of Baker Tilly US, LLP**</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">23.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="ea024059801ex5-1_siebert.htm">Consent of Mitchell Silberberg &amp; Knupp LLP (included within the opinion filed as Exhibit 5.1)</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">24.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="#poa">Power of Attorney (filed as part of signature page to Registration Statement)</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">25.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee under the Indenture***</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">107</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><A HREF="ea024059801ex-fee_siebert.htm">Filing Fee Table**</A></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.35in">*</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To be filed with a Current Report on Form 8-K or a Post-Effective Amendment to the registration statement.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>**</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Filed herewith.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><B>***</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To be filed pursuant to Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 17. Undertakings</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made,
a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities
Act of 1933.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after
the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate,
represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase
or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered)
and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with
the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change
in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration Fee&rdquo; table in the effective registration
statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan
of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration
statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Provided, however,</I> that paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii)
above do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective
amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section
13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus
filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial <I>bona fide</I> offering thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment
any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities
Act of 1933 to any purchaser:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(A) Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration
statement; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2),
(b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i),
(vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to
be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness
or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability
purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the
registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of
such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in
a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated
by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time
of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus
that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant
under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned Registrant undertakes
that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting
method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following
communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to
such purchaser:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant
relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared
by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to
the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned
Registrant; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made
by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(6) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities
Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrant&rsquo;s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&rsquo;s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act)
that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities
offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial <I>bona fide</I> offering thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(7) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described in
Item 15 above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification
is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against
such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of
the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person
in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled
by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>SignatureS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on a Form S-3 and
has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New
York, State of New York, on May 30, 2025.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><B>Siebert Financial Corp.</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 1pt solid">By:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid">/s/ Andrew H. Reich</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">Name:&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 31%">Andrew H. Reich</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD>Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer,<BR>
 Chief Financial Officer, and Secretary</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><A NAME="poa"></A>POWER OF ATTORNEY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Andrew H. Reich as his or her attorney-in-fact, each with full power of substitution, for
him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Registration Statement on Form S-3 (including post-effective
amendments), and to sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by this Registration Statement that is to be effective
upon filing pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all post-effective amendments thereto, and to file
the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney-in-fact or his substitute may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 28%"><B>Signature</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 50%; text-align: center"><B>Title</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 20%; text-align: center"><B>Date</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom">/s/ John J. Gebbia</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">Chief Executive Officer and Chairman</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">May 30, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>John J. Gebbia</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(Principal executive officer)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">/s/ Andrew H. Reich</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Director</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">May 30, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Andrew H. Reich</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(Principal financial and accounting officer)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid">/s/ Gloria E. Gebbia</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">May 30, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Gloria E. Gebbia</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid">/s/ Charles Zabatta</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">May 30, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Charles Zabatta</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid">/s/ Francis V. Cuttita</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">May 30, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Francis V. Cuttita</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid">/s/ Jerry M. Schneider</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">May 30, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Jerry M. Schneider</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid">/s/ Hocheol Shin</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">May 30, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Hocheol Shin</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">II-5</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-4.3
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ea024059801ex4-3_siebert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM OF INDENTURE
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; margin: 0pt 0"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 4.3</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIEBERT FINANCIAL CORP.<BR>
Issuer<BR>
<BR>
AND<BR>
<BR>
[TRUSTEE],<BR>
Trustee</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>INDENTURE<BR>
<BR>
Dated as of ____________, 20__</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Debt Securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Table
Of Contents</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: none; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Page</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 1 DEFINITIONS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">1</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%">Section 1.01</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%">Definitions of Terms</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 8%">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 2 ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.01</TD>
    <TD>Designation and Terms of Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">5</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.02</TD>
    <TD>Form of Securities and Trustee&rsquo;s Certificate</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">8</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.03</TD>
    <TD>Denominations: Provisions for Payment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">8</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.04</TD>
    <TD>Execution and Authentications</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">10</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.05</TD>
    <TD>Registration of Transfer and Exchange</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">11</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.06</TD>
    <TD>Temporary Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">12</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.07</TD>
    <TD>Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">12</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.08</TD>
    <TD>Cancellation</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">13</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.09</TD>
    <TD>Benefits of Indenture</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">13</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.10</TD>
    <TD>Authenticating Agent</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">14</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.11</TD>
    <TD>Global Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">14</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 2.12</TD>
    <TD>CUSIP Numbers</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">15</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 3 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">16</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 3.01</TD>
    <TD>Redemption</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">16</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 3.02</TD>
    <TD>Notice of Redemption</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">16</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 3.03</TD>
    <TD>Payment Upon Redemption</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">17</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 3.04</TD>
    <TD>Sinking Fund</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">17</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 3.05</TD>
    <TD>Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">18</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 3.06</TD>
    <TD>Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">18</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 4 COVENANTS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">18</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 4.01</TD>
    <TD>Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">18</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 4.02</TD>
    <TD>Maintenance of Office or Agency</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">19</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 4.03</TD>
    <TD>Paying Agents</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">19</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 4.04</TD>
    <TD>Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">20</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>(continued)
</B></FONT></P>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-variant: small-caps; text-align: center"><B>Page</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 5 SECURITYHOLDERS&rsquo; LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">20</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%">Section 5.01</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%">Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 8%">20</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 5.02</TD>
    <TD>Preservation Of Information; Communications With Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">21</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 5.03</TD>
    <TD>Reports by the Company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">21</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 5.04</TD>
    <TD>Reports by the Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">22</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 6 REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">22</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 6.01</TD>
    <TD>Events of Default</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">22</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 6.02</TD>
    <TD>Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">24</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 6.03</TD>
    <TD>Application of Moneys Collected</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">25</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 6.04</TD>
    <TD>Limitation on Suits</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">26</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 6.05</TD>
    <TD>Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">26</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 6.06</TD>
    <TD>Control by Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">27</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 6.07</TD>
    <TD>Undertaking to Pay Costs</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">27</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 7 CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">28</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.01</TD>
    <TD>Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">28</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.02</TD>
    <TD>Certain Rights of Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">29</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.03</TD>
    <TD>Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">31</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.04</TD>
    <TD>May Hold Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">32</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.05</TD>
    <TD>Moneys Held in Trust</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">32</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.06</TD>
    <TD>Compensation and Reimbursement</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">32</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.07</TD>
    <TD>Reliance on Officer&rsquo;s Certificate</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">33</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.08</TD>
    <TD>Disqualification; Conflicting Interests</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">33</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.09</TD>
    <TD>Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">33</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.10</TD>
    <TD>Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">33</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.11</TD>
    <TD>Acceptance of Appointment By Successor</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">35</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.12</TD>
    <TD>Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">36</TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>(continued)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-variant: small-caps; text-align: center; width: 8%"><B>Page</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.13</TD>
    <TD>Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">36</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 7.14</TD>
    <TD>Notice of Default</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">36</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 8 CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">37</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 8.01</TD>
    <TD>Evidence of Action by Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">37</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 8.02</TD>
    <TD>Proof of Execution by Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">37</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 8.03</TD>
    <TD>Who May be Deemed Owners</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">38</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 8.04</TD>
    <TD>Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">38</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 8.05</TD>
    <TD>Actions Binding on Future Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">38</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 9 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">39</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 9.01</TD>
    <TD>Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">39</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 9.02</TD>
    <TD>Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">40</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 9.03</TD>
    <TD>Effect of Supplemental Indentures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">40</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 9.04</TD>
    <TD>Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">40</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 9.05</TD>
    <TD>Execution of Supplemental Indentures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">41</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 10 SUCCESSOR ENTITY</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">41</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 10.01</TD>
    <TD>Company May Consolidate, Etc.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">41</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 10.02</TD>
    <TD>Successor Entity Substituted</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">42</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 11 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">42</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 11.01</TD>
    <TD>Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">42</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 11.02</TD>
    <TD>Discharge of Obligations</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">43</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 11.03</TD>
    <TD>Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">43</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 11.04</TD>
    <TD>Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">43</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 11.05</TD>
    <TD>Repayment to Company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">44</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 12 IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">44</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 12.01</TD>
    <TD>No Recourse</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">44</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">article 13 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">45</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.01</TD>
    <TD>Effect on Successors and Assigns</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">45</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.02</TD>
    <TD>Actions by Successor</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">45</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.03</TD>
    <TD>Surrender of Company Powers</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">45</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Table
Of Contents</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>(continued)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; width: 8%"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Page</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.04</TD>
    <TD>Notices</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">45</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.05</TD>
    <TD>Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">45</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.06</TD>
    <TD>Treatment of Securities as Debt</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">46</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.07</TD>
    <TD>Certificates and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">46</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.08</TD>
    <TD>Payments on Business Days</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">46</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.09</TD>
    <TD>Conflict with Trust Indenture Act</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">47</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.10</TD>
    <TD>Counterparts</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">47</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.11</TD>
    <TD>Separability</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">47</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.12</TD>
    <TD>Compliance Certificates</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">47</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.13</TD>
    <TD>Patriot Act</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">47</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.14</TD>
    <TD>Force Majeure</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">48</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Section 13.12</TD>
    <TD>Table of Contents; Headings</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">48</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>INDENTURE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Indenture</B></FONT>,
dated as of <B>____________</B>, 20__, among <FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Siebert Financial Corp.</B></FONT>, a New York
corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), and [<FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Trustee</B></FONT>], as trustee (the &ldquo;Trustee&rdquo;):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Whereas</B></FONT>,
for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance
of debt securities (hereinafter referred to as the &ldquo;Securities&rdquo;), in an unlimited aggregate principal amount to be issued
from time to time in one or more series as in this Indenture provided, as registered Securities without coupons, to be authenticated by
the certificate of the Trustee;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Whereas</B></FONT>,
to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized
the execution of this Indenture; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Whereas</B></FONT>,
all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Now,
Therefore</B></FONT>, in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted
and agreed as follows for the equal and ratable benefit of the holders of Securities:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
1<BR>
<BR>
DEFINITIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.01 Definitions
of Terms</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The terms defined in this
Section (except as in this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise
requires) for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings specified in
this Section and shall include the plural as well as the singular. All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the Trust
Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or that are by reference in such Act defined in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (except as herein
or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires), shall have the meanings assigned
to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said Securities Act as in force at the date of the execution of this instrument.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Authenticating
Agent</I></B>&rdquo; means the Trustee or an authenticating agent with respect to all or any of the series of Securities appointed by
the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.10.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Bankruptcy Law</I></B>&rdquo;
means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Board of Directors</I></B>&rdquo;
means the Board of Directors (or the functional equivalent thereof) of the Company or any duly authorized committee of such Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Board Resolution</I></B>&rdquo;
means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board
of Directors (or duly authorized committee thereof) and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Business Day</I></B>&rdquo;
means, with respect to any series of Securities, any day other than a day on which federal or state banking institutions in the Borough
of Manhattan, the City of New York, or in the city of the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, are authorized or obligated by law, executive
order or regulation to close.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Commission</I></B>&rdquo;
means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after
the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture
Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Company</I></B>&rdquo;
means Siebert Financial Corp., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, and, subject to the
provisions of Article 10, shall also include its successors and assigns.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Corporate Trust
Office</I></B>&rdquo; means the office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be principally
administered, which office at the date hereof is located at _____________________________________________________.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Custodian</I></B>&rdquo;
means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Defaulted Interest</I></B>&rdquo;
has the meaning set forth in Section 2.03.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Depositary</I></B>&rdquo;
means, with respect to Securities of any series for which the Company shall determine that such Securities will be issued as a Global
Security, The Depository Trust Company, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act,
or other applicable statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company pursuant to either Section 2.01 or
2.11.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Event of Default</I></B>&rdquo;
means, with respect to Securities of a particular series, any event specified in Section 6.01, continued for the period of time, if any,
therein designated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Exchange Act</I></B>&rdquo;
means the United States Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The term &ldquo;<B><I>given</I></B>&rdquo;,
&ldquo;<B><I>mailed</I></B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B><I>notify</I></B>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<B><I>sent</I></B>&rdquo; with respect to any notice
to be given to a Securityholder pursuant to this Indenture, shall mean notice (x) given to the Depositary (or its designee) pursuant to
the standing instructions from the Depositary or its designee, including by electronic mail in accordance with accepted practices or procedures
at the Depositary (in the case of a Global Security) or (y) mailed to such Securityholder by first class mail, postage prepaid, at its
address as it appears on the Security Register (in the case of a definitive Security). Notice so &ldquo;given&rdquo; shall be deemed to
include any notice to be &ldquo;mailed&rdquo; or &ldquo;delivered,&rdquo; as applicable, under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Global Security</I></B>&rdquo;
means a Security issued to evidence all or a part of any series of Securities which is executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered
by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary&rsquo;s instruction, all in accordance with the Indenture, which shall
be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Governmental
Obligations</I></B>&rdquo; means securities that are (a) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its
full faith and credit is pledged or (b) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality
of the United States of America, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United
States of America that, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof at any time prior to the stated
maturity of the Securities, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to
any such Governmental Obligation or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Governmental Obligation held by such custodian
for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt; provided, however, that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized
to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect
of the Governmental Obligation or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Governmental Obligation evidenced by such depositary
receipt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>herein</I></B>&rdquo;,
&ldquo;<B><I>hereof</I>&rdquo;</B> and &ldquo;<B><I>hereunder</I></B>&rdquo;, and other words of similar import, refer to this Indenture
as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Indenture</I></B>&rdquo;
means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental
hereto entered into in accordance with the terms hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as
contemplated by Section 2.01.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Interest Payment
Date</I></B>&rdquo;, when used with respect to any installment of interest on a Security of a particular series, means the date specified
in such Security or in a Board Resolution or in an indenture supplemental hereto with respect to such series as the fixed date on which
an installment of interest with respect to Securities of that series is due and payable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Officer</I></B>&rdquo;
means, with respect to the Company, the chairman of the Board of Directors, a chief executive officer, a president, a chief financial
officer, a chief operating officer, any executive vice president, any senior vice president, any vice president, the treasurer or any
assistant treasurer, the controller or any assistant controller or the secretary or any assistant secretary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate</I></B>&rdquo; means a certificate signed by any Officer. Each such certificate shall include the statements provided for
in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Opinion of Counsel</I></B>&rdquo;
means an opinion in writing subject to customary exceptions of legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, that
is delivered to the Trustee in accordance with the terms hereof. Each such opinion shall include the statements provided for in Section
13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Outstanding</I></B>&rdquo;,
when used with reference to Securities of any series, means, subject to the provisions of Section 8.04, as of any particular time, all
Securities of that series theretofore authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except (a) Securities theretofore
canceled by the Trustee or any paying agent, or delivered to the Trustee or any paying agent for cancellation or that have previously
been canceled; (b) Securities or portions thereof for the payment or redemption of which moneys or Governmental Obligations in the necessary
amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside
and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own paying agent); provided, however, that if such Securities
or portions of such Securities are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given as provided
in Article 3, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice; and (c) Securities in lieu of or in
substitution for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.07.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Person</I></B>&rdquo;
means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, joint-stock company, limited liability company, association, trust, unincorporated
organization, any other entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Predecessor Security</I></B>&rdquo;
of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular
Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 2.07 in lieu of a lost, destroyed
or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the lost, destroyed or stolen Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Responsible Officer</I></B>&rdquo;
when used with respect to the Trustee means any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee (or any successor group of the
Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated
officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because
of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and in each case who shall have direct responsibility for the administration
of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Securities</I></B>&rdquo;
has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Securities Act</I></B>&rdquo; means
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Securityholder</I></B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B><I>holder
of Securities</I></B>&rdquo;, &ldquo;<B><I>registered holder</I></B>&rdquo;, or other similar term, means the Person or Persons in whose
name or names a particular Security is registered on the Security Register kept for that purpose in accordance with the terms of this
Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Security Register</I></B>&rdquo;
and &ldquo;<B><I>Security Registrar</I></B>&rdquo; shall have the meanings as set forth in Section 2.05.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Subsidiary</I></B>&rdquo; means, with
respect to any Person, any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power
of shares of capital stock or other interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency)
to vote in the election of directors, managers, general partners or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly,
by (i) such Person; (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person; or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Trustee</I></B>&rdquo;
means _________________________, and, subject to the provisions of Article 7, shall also include its successors and assigns, and, if at
any time there is more than one Person acting in such capacity hereunder, &ldquo;Trustee&rdquo; shall mean each such Person. The term
&ldquo;Trustee&rdquo; as used with respect to a particular series of the Securities shall mean the trustee with respect to that series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<B><I>Trust Indenture
Act</I></B>&rdquo; means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>&ldquo;U.S.A. Patriot
Act&rdquo;</I></B> means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism
Act of 2001, Pub. L. 107-56, as amended and signed into law October 26, 2001.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
2<BR>
<BR>
ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.01 Designation
and Terms of Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The aggregate principal
amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or
more series up to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of that series from time to time authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution
or pursuant to one or more indentures supplemental hereto. Prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series, there shall be established
in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental
hereto:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(1) </B>the title of the
Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that series from all other Securities);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(2) </B>any limit upon
the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for
Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of that series);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(3) </B>the maturity date
or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(4) </B>the form of the
Securities of the series including the form of the certificate of authentication for such series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(5) </B>the applicability
of any guarantees;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(6) </B>whether or not
the Securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(7) </B>whether the Securities
rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(8) </B>if the price (expressed
as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such Securities will be issued is a price other than the principal
amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable,
the portion of the principal amount of such Securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion
shall be determined;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(9) </B>the interest rate
or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates
interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(10) </B>the Company&rsquo;s
right, if any, to defer the payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(11) </B>if applicable,
the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, the Company may at its option,
redeem the series of Securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(12) </B>the date or dates,
if any, on which, and the price or prices at which the Company is obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund
provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the Securityholder&rsquo;s option to purchase, the series of Securities and the currency or
currency unit in which the Securities are payable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(13) </B>the denominations
in which the Securities of the series shall be issuable, if other than denominations of two thousand U.S. dollars ($2,000) and any integral
multiple of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) in excess thereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(14) </B>any and all terms,
if applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the Securities of that series and any security for the obligations of the Company
with respect to such Securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of Securities of that series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(15) </B>whether the Securities
of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security or Securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon
which such Global Security or Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual Securities; and the Depositary for
such Global Security or Securities;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(16) </B>if applicable,
the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any Securities of the series and the terms and conditions upon which such Securities
will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may
be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at the Company&rsquo;s option or the holders&rsquo; option) conversion or exchange features, the
applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange, which may, without limitation, include
the payment of cash as well as the delivery of securities;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(17) </B>if other than
the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration
of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.01;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(18) </B>additions to or
changes in the covenants applicable to the series of Securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale
covenant;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(19) </B>additions to or
changes in the Events of Default with respect to the Securities and any change in the right of the Trustee or the Securityholders to declare
the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such Securities to be due and payable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(20) </B>additions to or
changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(21) </B>additions to or
changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(22) </B>additions to or
changes in the provisions relating to the modification of this Indenture both with and without the consent of Securityholders of Securities
issued under this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(23) </B>the currency of
payment of Securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(24) </B>whether interest
will be payable in cash or additional Securities at the Company&rsquo;s or the Securityholders&rsquo; option and the terms and conditions
upon which the election may be made;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(25) </B>the terms and
conditions, if any, upon which the Company shall pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal amounts
of the Securities of the series to any Securityholder that is not a &ldquo;United States person&rdquo; for federal tax purposes;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(26) </B>any restrictions
on transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities of the series; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(27) </B>any other specific
terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the Securities, any other additions or changes in the provisions of
this Indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations or advisable in connection
with the marketing of the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">All Securities of any one
series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to any such Board
Resolution or in any indentures supplemental hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If any of the terms of the
series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall
be certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the
Officer&rsquo;s Certificate of the Company setting forth the terms of the series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Securities of any particular
series may be issued at various times, with different dates on which the principal or any installment of principal is payable, with different
rates of interest, if any, or different methods by which rates of interest may be determined, with different dates on which such interest
may be payable and with different redemption dates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.02 Form of Securities
and Trustee&rsquo;s Certificate</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Securities of any series
and the Trustee&rsquo;s certificate of authentication to be borne by such Securities shall be substantially of the tenor and purport as
set forth in one or more indentures supplemental hereto or as provided in a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate,
and they may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed
or engraved thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be
required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities
exchange on which Securities of that series may be listed, or to conform to usage.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.03 Denominations:
Provisions for Payment</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Securities shall be issuable
as registered Securities and in the denominations of two thousand U.S. dollars ($2,000) and any integral multiple of one thousand U.S.
dollars ($1,000) in excess thereof, subject to Section 2.01(a)(13). The Securities of a particular series shall bear interest payable
on the dates and at the rate specified with respect to that series. Subject to Section 2.01(a)(23), the principal of and the interest
on the Securities of any series, as well as any premium thereon in case of redemption or repurchase thereof prior to maturity, and any
cash amount due upon conversion or exchange thereof, shall be payable in the coin or currency of the United States of America that at
the time is legal tender for public and private debt, at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose. Each Security
shall be dated the date of its authentication. Interest on the Securities shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of
twelve 30-day months.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The interest installment on
any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of that series
shall be paid to the Person in whose name said Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business
on the regular record date for such interest installment. In the event that any Security of a particular series or portion thereof is
called for redemption and the redemption date is subsequent to a regular record date with respect to any Interest Payment Date and prior
to such Interest Payment Date, interest on such Security will be paid upon presentation and surrender of such Security as provided in
Section 3.03.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Any interest on any Security
that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of the same series (herein
called &ldquo;Defaulted Interest&rdquo;) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered holder on the relevant regular record date
by virtue of having been such holder; and such Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the Company, at its election, as provided in clause
(1) or clause (2) below:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(1) </B>The Company may
make payment of any Defaulted Interest on Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities)
are registered in the Security Register at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest,
which shall be fixed in the following manner: the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed
to be paid on each such Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee
an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements
satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust
for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a special
record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall not be more than 15 nor less than 10 days prior to the date of the
proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly
notify the Company of such special record date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed
payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor to be sent, to each Securityholder not less than 10 days prior
to such special record date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor having been
sent as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor
Securities) are registered in the Security Register on such special record date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(2) </B>The Company may
make payment of any Defaulted Interest on any Securities in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities
exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the
Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise set forth
in a Board Resolution or one or more indentures supplemental hereto establishing the terms of any series of Securities pursuant to Section
2.01 hereof, the term &ldquo;regular record date&rdquo; as used in this Section with respect to a series of Securities and any Interest
Payment Date for such series shall mean either the fifteenth day of the month immediately preceding the month in which an Interest Payment
Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the first day of a month,
or the first day of the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur,
if such Interest Payment Date is the fifteenth day of a month, whether or not such date is a Business Day.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the foregoing provisions
of this Section, each Security of a series delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other
Security of such series shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.04 Execution
and Authentications</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Securities shall be signed
on behalf of the Company by one of its Officers. Signatures may be in the form of a manual or facsimile signature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company may use the facsimile
signature of any Person who shall have been an Officer (at the time of execution), notwithstanding the fact that at the time the Securities
shall be authenticated and delivered or disposed of such Person shall have ceased to be such an officer of the Company. The Securities
may contain such notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage. Each Security shall be dated the date
of its authentication by the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">A Security shall not be valid
until authenticated manually by an authorized signatory of the Trustee, or by an Authenticating Agent. Such signature shall be conclusive
evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the holder is entitled to the
benefits of this Indenture. At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver
Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a written order of the Company for the
authentication and delivery of such Securities, signed by an Officer, and the Trustee in accordance with such written order shall authenticate
and deliver such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon the Company&rsquo;s delivery
of any such authentication order to the Trustee at any time after the initial issuance of Securities under this Indenture, the Trustee
shall be provided with, and (subject to Sections 315(a) through 315(d) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall be fully protected in relying
upon, (1) an Opinion of Counsel or reliance letter and (2) an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent to the
execution, authentication and delivery of such Securities are in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Trustee shall not be required
to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee&rsquo;s own rights,
duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner that is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.05 Registration
of Transfer and Exchange</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>Securities of any
series may be exchanged upon presentation thereof at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose, for other Securities
of such series of authorized denominations, and for a like aggregate principal amount, upon payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax
or other governmental charge in relation thereto, all as provided in this Section. In respect of any Securities so surrendered for exchange,
the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange therefor the Security or
Securities of the same series that the Securityholder making the exchange shall be entitled to receive, bearing numbers not contemporaneously
outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>The Company shall
keep, or cause to be kept, at its office or agency designated for such purpose a register or registers (herein referred to as the &ldquo;Security
Register&rdquo;) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall register the Securities and the
transfers of Securities as in this Article provided and which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection by the Trustee. The
registrar for the purpose of registering Securities and transfer of Securities as herein provided shall be appointed as authorized by
Board Resolution or supplemental indenture (the &ldquo;Security Registrar&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon surrender for transfer
of any Security at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate
and such office or agency shall deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same series as
the Security presented for a like aggregate principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company initially appoints
the Trustee as Security Registrar for each series of Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">All Securities presented or
surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer, as provided in this Section, shall be accompanied (if so required by the Company
or the Security Registrar) by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company or the Security Registrar,
duly executed by the registered holder or by such holder&rsquo;s duly authorized attorney in writing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>Except as provided
pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, or established in one or more
indentures supplemental to this Indenture, no service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer of Securities,
or issue of new Securities in case of partial redemption of any series or repurchase, conversion or exchange of less than the entire principal
amount of a Security, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation
thereto, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.06, Section 3.03(b) and Section 9.04 not involving any transfer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>The Company and the
Security Registrar shall not be required (i) to issue, exchange or register the transfer of any Securities during a period beginning at
the opening of business 15 days before the day of the sending of a notice of redemption of less than all the Outstanding Securities of
the same series and ending at the close of business on the day of such sending, nor (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Securities
of any series or portions thereof called for redemption or surrendered for repurchase, but not validly withdrawn, other than the unredeemed
portion of any such Securities being redeemed in part or not surrendered for repurchase, as the case may be. The provisions of this Section
2.05 are, with respect to any Global Security, subject to Section 2.11 hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Trustee shall have no
obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or
under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among Depositary
participants or beneficial owners of interests in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation
or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine
the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.06 Temporary
Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Pending the preparation of
definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities (printed,
lithographed or typewritten) of any authorized denomination. Such temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of the definitive
Securities in lieu of which they are issued, but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Securities,
all as may be determined by the Company. Every temporary Security of any series shall be executed by the Company and be authenticated
by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Securities of such
series. Without unnecessary delay the Company will execute and will furnish definitive Securities of such series and thereupon any or
all temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor (without charge to the Securityholders), at the office
or agency of the Company designated for the purpose, and the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange
for such temporary Securities an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of such series, unless the Company advises
the Trustee to the effect that definitive Securities need not be executed and furnished until further notice from the Company. Until so
exchanged, the temporary Securities of such series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities
of such series authenticated and delivered hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.07 Mutilated,
Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In case any temporary or definitive
Security shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company (subject to the next succeeding sentence) shall execute,
and upon the Company&rsquo;s request the Trustee (subject as aforesaid) shall authenticate and deliver, a new Security of the same series,
bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated Security, or in lieu of and in substitution
for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the applicant for a substituted Security shall furnish to the Company and
the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss
or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft
of the applicant&rsquo;s Security and of the ownership thereof. The Trustee may authenticate any such substituted Security and deliver
the same upon the written request or authorization of any officer of the Company. Upon the issuance of any substituted Security, the Company
may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and
any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In case any Security that
has matured or is about to mature shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute
Security, pay or authorize the payment of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security) if the applicant
for such payment shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as they may require to save them harmless, and,
in case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to the satisfaction of the Company and the Trustee of the destruction, loss or theft of
such Security and of the ownership thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Every replacement Security
issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company whether or not
the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be found at any time, or be enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all
the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of the same series duly issued hereunder.
All Securities shall be held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement
or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any and all other rights or remedies,
notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable
instruments or other securities without their surrender.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.08 Cancellation</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">All Securities surrendered
for the purpose of payment, redemption, repurchase, exchange, registration of transfer or conversion shall, if surrendered to the Company
or any paying agent (or any other applicable agent), be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, or, if surrendered to the Trustee,
shall be cancelled by it, and no Securities shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly required or permitted by any of the provisions
of this Indenture. On request of the Company at the time of such surrender, the Trustee shall deliver to the Company canceled Securities
held by the Trustee. In the absence of such request the Trustee may dispose of canceled Securities in accordance with its standard procedures
and deliver a certificate of disposition to the Company. If the Company shall otherwise acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition
shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered
to the Trustee for cancellation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.09 Benefits of
Indenture</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Nothing in this Indenture
or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and the holders
of the Securities any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Indenture, or under any covenant, condition
or provision herein contained; all such covenants, conditions and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and of the
holders of the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.10 Authenticating
Agent</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">So long as any of the Securities
of any series remain Outstanding there may be an Authenticating Agent for any or all such series of Securities which the Trustee shall
have the right to appoint. Said Authenticating Agent shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of
such series issued upon exchange, transfer or partial redemption, repurchase or conversion thereof, and Securities so authenticated shall
be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder.
All references in this Indenture to the authentication of Securities by the Trustee shall be deemed to include authentication by an Authenticating
Agent for such series. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall be a corporation that has a combined capital
and surplus, as most recently reported or determined by it, sufficient under the laws of any jurisdiction under which it is organized
or in which it is doing business to conduct a trust business, and that is otherwise authorized under such laws to conduct such business
and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities. If at any time any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be
eligible in accordance with these provisions, it shall resign immediately.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Any Authenticating Agent may
at any time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time (and upon request
by the Company shall) terminate the agency of any Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating
Agent and to the Company. Upon resignation, termination or cessation of eligibility of any Authenticating Agent, the Trustee may appoint
an eligible successor Authenticating Agent acceptable to the Company. Any successor Authenticating Agent, upon acceptance of its appointment
hereunder, shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder as if originally named as an Authenticating
Agent pursuant hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.11 Global Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>If the Company shall
establish pursuant to Section 2.01 that the Securities of a particular series are to be issued as a Global Security, then the Company
shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with Section 2.04, authenticate and deliver, a Global Security that (i) shall represent,
and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, all of the Outstanding Securities of such series, (ii)
shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant
to the Depositary&rsquo;s instruction (or if the Depositary names the Trustee as its custodian, retained by the Trustee), and (iv) shall
bear a legend substantially to the following effect: &ldquo;Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.11 of the Indenture, this Security
may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or to a nominee of
such successor Depositary.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>Notwithstanding the
provisions of Section 2.05, the Global Security of a series may be transferred, in whole but not in part and in the manner provided in
Section 2.05, only to another nominee of the Depositary for such series, or to a successor Depositary for such series selected or approved
by the Company or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>If at any time the
Depositary for a series of the Securities notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such series
or if at any time the Depositary for such series shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Exchange Act, or other applicable
statute or regulation, and a successor Depositary for such series is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the Company receives
such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, or if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Company
has received a request from the Depositary or from the Trustee, this Section 2.11 shall no longer be applicable to the Securities of such
series and the Company will execute, and subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series
in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal
amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. In addition, the Company may at any time determine
that the Securities of any series shall no longer be represented by a Global Security and that the provisions of this Section 2.11 shall
no longer apply to the Securities of such series. In such event the Company will execute and, subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee, upon
receipt of an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate evidencing such determination by the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Securities of
such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to
the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. Upon the exchange of the Global Security
for such Securities in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, the Global Security shall be canceled
by the Trustee. Such Securities in definitive registered form issued in exchange for the Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.11(c)
shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or
indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver such Securities to the Depositary for delivery
to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.12 CUSIP Numbers</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company in issuing the
Securities may use &ldquo;CUSIP&rdquo; numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use &ldquo;CUSIP&rdquo; numbers
in notices of redemption as a convenience to Securityholders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as
to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance
may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by
any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the &ldquo;CUSIP&rdquo; numbers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
3</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.01 Redemption</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company may redeem the
Securities of any series issued hereunder on and after the dates and in accordance with the terms established for such series pursuant
to Section 2.01 hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.02 Notice of
Redemption</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>In case the Company
shall desire to exercise such right to redeem all or, as the case may be, a portion of the Securities of any series in accordance with
any right the Company reserved for itself to do so pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the Company shall, or shall cause the Trustee to,
give notice of such redemption to holders of the Securities of such series to be redeemed by mailing, first class postage prepaid (or
with regard to any Global Security held in book entry form, by electronic mail in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary),
a notice of such redemption not less than 30 days and not more than 90 days before the date fixed for redemption of that series to such
Securityholders, unless a shorter period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein
provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the registered holder receives the notice. In any case,
failure duly to give such notice to the holder of any Security of any series designated for redemption in whole or in part, or any defect
in the notice, shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Securities of such series or any other
series. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms
of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate evidencing
compliance with any such restriction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Each such notice of redemption
shall identify the Securities to be redeemed (including CUSIP numbers, if any), specify the date fixed for redemption and the redemption
price at which Securities of that series are to be redeemed, and shall state that payment of the redemption price of such Securities to
be redeemed will be made at the office or agency of the Company, upon presentation and surrender of such Securities, that interest accrued
to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in said notice, that from and after said date interest will cease to accrue
and that the redemption is from a sinking fund, if such is the case. If less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the
notice to the holders of Securities of that series to be redeemed in part shall specify the particular Securities to be so redeemed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In case any Security is to
be redeemed in part only, the notice that relates to such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed,
and shall state that on and after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in
principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>If less than all
the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Company shall give the Trustee at least 45 days&rsquo; notice (unless a shorter notice
shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) in advance of the date fixed for redemption as to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of
the series to be redeemed, and thereupon the Securities to be redeemed shall be selected, by lot, on a pro rata basis, or in such other
manner as the Company shall deem appropriate and fair in its discretion and that may provide for the selection of a portion or portions
(equal to one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of such Securities of a denomination
larger than $1,000, the Securities to be redeemed and shall thereafter promptly notify the Company in writing of the numbers of the Securities
to be redeemed, in whole or in part. The Company may, if and whenever it shall so elect, by delivery of instructions signed on its behalf
by an Officer, instruct the Trustee or any paying agent to call all or any part of the Securities of a particular series for redemption
and to give notice of redemption in the manner set forth in this Section, such notice to be in the name of the Company or its own name
as the Trustee or such paying agent may deem advisable. In any case in which notice of redemption is to be given by the Trustee or any
such paying agent, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to, or permit to remain with, the Trustee or such paying agent,
as the case may be, such Security Register, transfer books or other records, or suitable copies or extracts therefrom, sufficient to enable
the Trustee or such paying agent to give any notice by mail that may be required under the provisions of this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.03 Payment Upon
Redemption</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>If the giving of
notice of redemption shall have been completed as above provided, the Securities or portions of Securities of the series to be redeemed
specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable redemption
price, together with interest accrued to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption and interest on such Securities or portions of
Securities shall cease to accrue on and after the date fixed for redemption, unless the Company shall default in the payment of such redemption
price and accrued interest with respect to any such Security or portion thereof. On presentation and surrender of such Securities on or
after the date fixed for redemption at the place of payment specified in the notice, said Securities shall be paid and redeemed at the
applicable redemption price for such series, together with interest accrued thereon to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption (but
if the date fixed for redemption is an Interest Payment Date, the interest installment payable on such date shall be payable to the registered
holder at the close of business on the applicable record date pursuant to Section 2.03).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>Upon presentation
of any Security of such series that is to be redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and the
office or agency where the Security is presented shall deliver to the Securityholder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security
of the same series of authorized denominations in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.04 Sinking Fund</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The provisions of Sections
3.04, 3.05 and 3.06 shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The minimum amount of any
sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a &ldquo;mandatory sinking fund payment,&rdquo;
and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an &ldquo;optional
sinking fund payment&rdquo;. If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may
be subject to reduction as provided in Section 3.05. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any
series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.05 Satisfaction
of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company (i) may deliver
Outstanding Securities of a series and (ii) may apply as a credit Securities of a series that have been redeemed either at the election
of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant
to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities
of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series, provided that
such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at
the redemption price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking
fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.06 Redemption
of Securities for Sinking Fund</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Not less than 45 days prior
to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities (unless a shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), the Company
will deliver to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series
pursuant to the terms of the series, the portion thereof, if any, that is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that
series pursuant to Section 3.05 and the basis for such credit and will, together with such Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, deliver to the
Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Securities to be redeemed
upon such sinking fund payment date shall be selected in the manner specified in Section 3.02 and the Company shall cause notice of the
redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.02. Such notice having
been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Section 3.03.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
4<BR>
<BR>
COVENANTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.01 Payment of
Principal, Premium and Interest</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company will duly and
punctually pay or cause to be paid the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series at the time and
place and in the manner provided herein and established with respect to such Securities. Payments of principal on the Securities may be
made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S. dollar check drawn on and mailed to the address
of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S.
dollar account if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions to the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant
payment date. Payments of interest on the Securities may be made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities
by U.S. dollar check mailed to the address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register,
or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions in writing to the
Security Registrar and the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.02 Maintenance
of Office or Agency</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">So long as any series of the
Securities remain Outstanding, the Company agrees to maintain an office or agency with respect to each such series and at such other location
or locations as may be designated as provided in this Section 4.02, where (i) Securities of that series may be presented for payment,
(ii) Securities of that series may be presented as herein above authorized for registration of transfer and exchange, and (iii) notices
and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be given or served, such designation
to continue with respect to such office or agency until the Company shall, by written notice signed by any officer authorized to sign
an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and delivered to the Trustee, designate some other office or agency for such purposes or any of them. If
at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address
thereof, such presentations, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby
appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, notices and demands. The Company initially appoints the Corporate
Trust Office of the Trustee as its paying agent with respect to the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.03 Paying Agents</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>If the Company shall
appoint one or more paying agents for all or any series of the Securities, other than the Trustee, the Company will cause each such paying
agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions
of this Section:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(1) </B>that it will hold
all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series
(whether such sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor of such Securities) in trust for the benefit of the Persons
entitled thereto;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(2) </B>that it will give
the Trustee notice of any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor of such Securities) to make any payment of the principal of
(and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series when the same shall be due and payable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(3) </B>that it will, at
any time during the continuance of any failure referred to in the preceding paragraph (a)(2) above, upon the written request of the Trustee,
forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such paying agent; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(4) </B>that it will perform
all other duties of paying agent as set forth in this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>If the Company shall
act as its own paying agent with respect to any series of the Securities, it will on or before each due date of the principal of (and
premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled
thereto a sum sufficient to pay such principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due on Securities of that series until such
sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of such action, or
any failure (by it or any other obligor on such Securities) to take such action. Whenever the Company shall have one or more paying agents
for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities
of that series, deposit with the paying agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due,
such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such paying agent
is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of this action or failure so to act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>Notwithstanding anything
in this Section to the contrary, (i) the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section is subject to the provisions of Section
11.05, and (ii) the Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any
other purpose, pay, or direct any paying agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such paying agent, such
sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such paying
agent; and, upon such payment by the Company or any paying agent to the Trustee, the Company or such paying agent shall be released from
all further liability with respect to such money.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.04 Appointment
to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company, whenever necessary
to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 7.10, a Trustee, so that there shall
at all times be a Trustee hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
5<BR>
<BR>
SECURITYHOLDERS&rsquo; LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.01 Company to
Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company will furnish or
cause to be furnished to the Trustee (a) within 15 days after each regular record date (as defined in Section 2.03) a list, in such form
as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the holders of each series of Securities as of such regular record
date, provided that the Company shall not be obligated to furnish or cause to furnish such list at any time that the list shall not differ
in any respect from the most recent list furnished to the Trustee by the Company and (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request
in writing within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more
than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that, in either case, no such list need be furnished for any
series for which the Trustee shall be the Security Registrar.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.02 Preservation
Of Information; Communications With Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The Trustee shall
preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, all information as to the names and addresses of the holders of Securities
contained in the most recent list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 and as to the names and addresses of holders of Securities
received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar (if acting in such capacity).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>The Trustee may destroy
any list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>Securityholders may
communicate as provided in Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other Securityholders with respect to their rights under this
Indenture or under the Securities, and, in connection with any such communications, the Trustee shall satisfy its obligations under Section
312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the provisions of Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.03 Reports by
the Company</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The Company will
at all times comply with Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Company covenants and agrees to provide (which delivery may be
via electronic mail) to the Trustee within 30 days, after the Company files the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports
and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time
to time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section
15(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, the Company shall not be required to deliver to the Trustee any correspondence filed with
the Commission or any materials for which the Company has sought and received confidential treatment by the Commission; and provided further,
that so long as such filings by the Company are available on the Commission&rsquo;s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval
System (EDGAR), or any successor system, such filings shall be deemed to have been filed with the Trustee for purposes hereof without
any further action required by the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, a failure by the Company to file annual reports, information and
other reports with the Commission within the time period prescribed thereof by the Commission shall not be deemed a breach of this Section
5.03.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>Delivery of reports,
information and documents to the Trustee under Section 5.03 is for informational purposes only and the information and the Trustee&rsquo;s
receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein, or determinable from information
contained therein including the Company&rsquo;s compliance with any of their covenants thereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled
to rely exclusively on an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate). The Trustee is under no duty to examine any such reports, information or documents
delivered to the Trustee or filed with the Commission via EDGAR to ensure compliance with the provision of this Indenture or to ascertain
the correctness or otherwise of the information or the statements contained therein. The Trustee shall have no responsibility or duty
whatsoever to ascertain or determine whether the above referenced filings with the Commission on EDGAR (or any successor system) has occurred.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.04 Reports by
the Trustee</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>If required by Section
313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee, within sixty (60) days after each May 1, shall send to the Securityholders a brief report
dated as of such May 1, which complies with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>The Trustee shall
comply with Section 313(b) and 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>A copy of each such
report shall, at the time of such transmission to Securityholders, be filed by the Trustee with the Company, with each securities exchange
upon which any Securities are listed (if so listed) and also with the Commission. The Company agrees to notify the Trustee when any Securities
become listed on any securities exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
6<BR>
<BR>
REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.01 Events of
Default</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>Whenever used herein
with respect to Securities of a particular series, &ldquo;Event of Default&rdquo; means any one or more of the following events that has
occurred and is continuing:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(1) </B>the Company defaults
in the payment of any installment of interest upon any of the Securities of that series, as and when the same shall become due and payable,
and such default continues for a period of 30 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by the Company
in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(2) </B>the Company defaults
in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of that series as and when the same shall become due
and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous
fund established with respect to that series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such Securities in accordance
with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(3) </B>the Company fails
to observe or perform any other of its covenants or agreements with respect to that series contained in this Indenture or otherwise established
with respect to that series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof (other than a covenant or agreement that has been expressly
included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Securities other than such series) for a period of 60 days
after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such notice is a &ldquo;Notice
of Default&rdquo; hereunder, shall have been given to the Company by the Trustee, by registered or certified mail, or to the Company and
the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time Outstanding;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(4) </B>the Company pursuant
to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (i) commences a voluntary case, (ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against
it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property or (iv)
makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(5) </B>a court of competent
jurisdiction enters an order under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (ii) appoints
a Custodian of the Company for all or substantially all of its property or (iii) orders the liquidation of the Company, and the order
or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 90 days.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>In each and every
such case (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above), unless the principal of all the Securities of
that series shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount
of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by such
Securityholders), may declare the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that
series to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable.
If an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above occurs, the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on all the
Securities of that series shall automatically be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee
or the holders of the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>At any time after
the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities of that series shall have been so declared
due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter
provided, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by written
notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i) the Company has paid or deposited
with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities of that series and the principal
of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of that series that shall have become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest
upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that such payment is enforceable under applicable law, upon overdue installments
of interest, at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series to the date of such payment or deposit) and the amount payable
to the Trustee under Section 7.06, and (ii) any and all Events of Default under the Indenture with respect to such series, other than
the nonpayment of principal on (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on Securities of that series that shall not have
become due by their terms, shall have been remedied or waived as provided in Section 6.06.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">No such rescission and annulment
shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>In case the Trustee
shall have proceeded to enforce any right with respect to Securities of that series under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have
been discontinued or abandoned because of such rescission or annulment or for any other reason or shall have been determined adversely
to the Trustee, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceedings, the Company and the Trustee shall be restored
respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company and the Trustee shall
continue as though no such proceedings had been taken.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.02 Collection
of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The Company covenants
that (i) in case it shall default in the payment of any installment of interest on any of the Securities of a series, or in any payment
required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series as and when the same shall have become due and payable,
and such default shall have continued for a period of 90 days, or (ii) in case it shall default in the payment of the principal of (or
premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of a series when the same shall have become due and payable, whether upon maturity of the Securities
of a series or upon redemption or upon declaration or otherwise then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company will pay to the Trustee,
for the benefit of the holders of the Securities of that series, the whole amount that then shall have been become due and payable on
all such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) or interest, or both, as the case may be, with interest upon the overdue principal
(and premium, if any) and (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) upon overdue installments
of interest at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series; and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be
sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>If the Company shall
fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall be entitled
and empowered to institute any action or proceedings at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute
any such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such judgment or final decree against the Company or other
obligor upon the Securities of that series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law or equity
out of the property of the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series, wherever situated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>In case of any receivership,
insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, readjustment, arrangement, composition or judicial proceedings affecting the Company,
or its creditors or property, the Trustee shall have power to intervene in such proceedings and take any action therein that may be permitted
by the court and shall (except as may be otherwise provided by law) be entitled to file such proofs of claim and other papers and documents
as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and of the holders of Securities of such series allowed for
the entire amount due and payable by the Company under the Indenture at the date of institution of such proceedings and for any additional
amount that may become due and payable by the Company after such date, and to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable
or deliverable on any such claim, and to distribute the same after the deduction of the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06;
and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization is hereby authorized by each of the holders of Securities of such
series to make such payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly
to such Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it under Section 7.06.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>All rights of action
and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the terms established with respect to Securities of that series, may be
enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of such Securities, or the production thereof at any trial or other proceeding relative
thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and
any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for payment to the Trustee of any amounts due under Section 7.06, be for the ratable benefit
of the holders of the Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In case of an Event of Default
hereunder, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate
judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity or
in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in the Indenture or in aid of
the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this Indenture
or by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Nothing contained herein shall
be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of that series or the rights of any Securityholder thereof or to authorize
the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.03 Application
of Moneys Collected</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Any moneys collected by the
Trustee pursuant to this Article with respect to a particular series of Securities shall be applied in the following order, at the date
or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest,
upon presentation of the Securities of that series, and notation thereon of the payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof
if fully paid:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">FIRST: To the payment of costs
and expenses of collection and of all amounts payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">SECOND: To the payment of
the amounts then due and unpaid upon Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, in respect of which or
for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts
due and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">THIRD: To the payment of the
remainder, if any, to the Company or any other Person lawfully entitled thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.04 Limitation
on Suits</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">No holder of any Security
of any series shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute any suit, action or proceeding
in equity or at law upon or under or with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other
remedy hereunder, unless (i) such Securityholder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and
of the continuance thereof with respect to the Securities of such series specifying such Event of Default, as hereinbefore provided; (ii)
the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding shall have made written
request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (iii) such Securityholder
or Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred
in compliance with such request; (iv) the Trustee for 90 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall
have failed to institute any such action, suit or proceeding and (v) during such 90 day period, the holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Securities of that series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding anything contained
herein to the contrary or any other provisions of this Indenture, the right of any holder of any Security to receive payment of the principal
of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Security, as therein provided, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security
(or in the case of redemption, on the redemption date), or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such
respective dates or redemption date, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such holder and by accepting a Security
hereunder it is expressly understood, intended and covenanted by the taker and holder of every Security of such series with every other
such taker and holder and the Trustee, that no one or more holders of Securities of such series shall have any right in any manner whatsoever
by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of the holders of any other of
such Securities, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such holder, or to enforce any right under this
Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all holders of Securities of such series.
For the protection and enforcement of the provisions of this Section, each and every Securityholder and the Trustee shall be entitled
to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.05 Rights and
Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>Except as otherwise
provided in Section 2.07, all powers and remedies given by this Article to the Trustee or to the Securityholders shall, to the extent
permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the holders of the
Securities, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance of the covenants and agreements contained in
this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>No delay or omission
of the Trustee or of any holder of any of the Securities to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default occurring and
continuing as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or an acquiescence
therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.04, every power and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or the
Securityholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Securityholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.06 Control by
Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, determined in accordance with Section 8.04, shall
have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to such series; provided, however, that such direction shall not be in conflict
with any rule of law or with this Indenture or subject the Trustee in its sole discretion to personal liability. Subject to the provisions
of Section 7.01, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible
Officer or officers of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed, subject to the Trustee&rsquo;s duties under the Trust Indenture
Act, would involve the Trustee in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the Securityholders not involved in the proceeding.
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding affected thereby, determined
in accordance with Section 8.04, may on behalf of the holders of all of the Securities of such series waive any past default in the performance
of any of the covenants contained herein or established pursuant to Section 2.01 with respect to such series and its consequences, except
a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any of the Securities of that series as and when the
same shall become due by the terms of such Securities otherwise than by acceleration (unless such default has been cured and a sum sufficient
to pay all matured installments of interest and principal and any premium has been deposited with the Trustee (in accordance with Section
6.01(c)). Upon any such waiver, the default covered thereby shall be deemed to be cured for all purposes of this Indenture and the Company,
the Trustee and the holders of the Securities of such series shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively;
but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 6.07 Undertaking
to Pay Costs</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">All parties to this Indenture
agree, and each holder of any Securities by such holder&rsquo;s acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may
in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee
for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of
such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys&rsquo; fees and expenses,
against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant;
but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Securityholder,
or group of Securityholders, holding more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any
suit instituted by any Securityholder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security
of such series, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security or established pursuant to this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
7<BR>
<BR>
CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.01 Certain Duties
and Responsibilities of Trustee</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The Trustee, prior
to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing of all Events of Default with
respect to the Securities of that series that may have occurred, shall undertake to perform with respect to the Securities of such series
such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants shall be read into this Indenture
against the Trustee. In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred (that has not been cured or waived),
the Trustee shall exercise with respect to Securities of that series such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and
use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct
of his or her own affairs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>No provision of this
Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or
its own willful misconduct, except that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(i) </B>prior to the occurrence
of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default with respect
to that series that may have occurred:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(A) </B>the duties and
obligations of the Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of such series be determined solely by the express provisions of this
Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to the Securities of such series except for the performance of such duties
and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture
against the Trustee; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(B) </B>in the absence
of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may with respect to the Securities of such series conclusively rely, as to the truth
of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and
conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision hereof are
specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not
they conform to the requirements of this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(ii) </B>the Trustee shall
not be liable to any Securityholder or to any other Person for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Responsible
Officers of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(iii) </B>the Trustee shall
not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the holders
of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding relating to the time, method and
place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee
under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(iv) </B>none of the provisions
contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial liability
in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if there is reasonable ground for believing
that the repayment of such funds or liability is not reasonably assured to it under the terms of this Indenture or adequate indemnity
against such risk is not reasonably assured to it;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(v) </B>The Trustee shall
not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers or duties hereunder;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(vi) </B>The permissive right
of the Trustee to do things enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as a duty of the Trustee; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(vii) </B>No Trustee shall
have any duty or responsibility for any act or omission of any other Trustee appointed with respect to a series of Securities hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.02 Certain Rights
of Trustee</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as otherwise provided
in Section 7.01:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The Trustee may conclusively
rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report,
notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed
or presented by the proper party or parties;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>Any request, direction,
order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution or an instrument signed in the name
of the Company by any authorized Officer of the Company (unless other evidence in respect thereof is specifically prescribed herein);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>The Trustee may consult
with counsel and the opinion or written advice of such counsel or, if requested, any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization
and protection in respect of any action taken or suffered or omitted hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>The Trustee shall
be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any
of the Securityholders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee security
or indemnity reasonably acceptable to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred therein or thereby;
nothing contained herein shall, however, relieve the Trustee of the obligation, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect
to a series of the Securities (that has not been cured or waived), to exercise with respect to Securities of that series such of the rights
and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and to use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise
or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(e) </B>The Trustee shall
not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion
or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(f) </B>The Trustee shall
not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion,
report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security, or other papers or documents or inquire as to the performance by the
Company of one of its covenants under this Indenture, unless requested in writing so to do by the holders of not less than a majority
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of the particular series affected thereby (determined as provided in Section 8.04);
provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred
by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded
to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require security or indemnity reasonably acceptable to the Trustee against such
costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding. The reasonable expense of every such examination shall be paid by the
Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(g)</B> The Trustee may execute
any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee
shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(h) </B>In no event shall
the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused
by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war
or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions
of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts
which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(i) </B>In no event shall
the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including,
but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and
regardless of the form of action;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(j) </B>The Trustee agrees
to accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission or other
similar unsecured electronic methods; provided, however, that such instructions or directions shall be signed by an authorized representative
of the party providing such instructions or directions. If the party elects to give the Trustee e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions
by a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee&rsquo;s understanding
of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or
indirectly from the Trustee&rsquo;s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or
are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising
out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk
of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties. The Trustee may request
that the Company deliver an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at
such time to furnish the Trustee with Officer&rsquo;s Certificates, Company Orders and any other matters or directions pursuant to this
Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(k) </B>The rights, privileges,
protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to,
and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder and under the Securities, and each agent, custodian or other
person employed to act under this Indenture; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(l) </B>The Trustee shall
not be deemed to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default (other than an Event of Default constituting the failure to pay the
interest on, or the principal of, the Securities if the Trustee also serves as the paying agent for such Securities) until the Trustee
shall have received written notification in the manner set forth in this Indenture or a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have
obtained actual knowledge.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.03 Trustee Not
Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The recitals contained
herein and in the Securities shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness
of the same. The Trustee shall not be responsible for any statement in any registration statement, prospectus, or any other document in
connection with the sale of Securities. The Trustee shall not be responsible for any rating on the Securities or any action or omission
of any rating agency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>The Trustee makes
no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>The Trustee shall
not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of any of the Securities or of the proceeds of such Securities, or for the
use or application of any moneys paid over by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture or established pursuant to
Section 2.01, or for the use or application of any moneys received by any paying agent other than the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.04 May Hold Securities</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Trustee or any paying
agent or Security Registrar, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities with the same rights
it would have if it were not Trustee, paying agent or Security Registrar.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.05 Moneys Held
in Trust</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the provisions
of Section 11.05, all moneys received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the purposes
for which they were received, but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under
no liability for interest on any moneys received by it hereunder except such as it may agree with the Company to pay thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.06 Compensation
and Reimbursement</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The Company shall
pay to the Trustee for each of its capacities hereunder from time to time compensation for its services as the Company and the Trustee
shall from time to time agree upon in writing. The Trustee&rsquo;s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee
of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it. Such
expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee&rsquo;s agents and counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>The Company shall
indemnify each of the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder against any loss, liability or expense (including the cost of defending
itself and including the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee&rsquo;s agents and counsel) incurred by it except as set
forth in Section 7.06(c) in the exercise or performance of its powers, rights or duties under this Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The
Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee
shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have one separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of
such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>The Company need
not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, shareholder
or agent of the Trustee through negligence or bad faith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>To ensure the Company&rsquo;s
payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all funds or property held or collected
by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of or interest on particular Securities. When the Trustee incurs expenses or
renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(a)(4) or (5), the expenses (including the reasonable
fees and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for services in connection therewith are to constitute expenses of administration
under any bankruptcy law. The provisions of this Section 7.06 shall survive the termination of this Indenture and the resignation or removal
of the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.07 Reliance on
Officer&rsquo;s Certificate</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as otherwise provided
in Section 7.01, whenever in the administration of the provisions of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it reasonably necessary or
desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking or suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder, such matter (unless
other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the
Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate delivered to the Trustee and such certificate,
in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered
or omitted to be taken by it under the provisions of this Indenture upon the faith thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.08 Disqualification;
Conflicting Interests</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If the Trustee has or shall
acquire any &ldquo;conflicting interest&rdquo; within the meaning of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee and the Company
shall in all respects comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.09 Corporate
Trustee Required; Eligibility</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">There shall at all times be
a Trustee with respect to the Securities issued hereunder which shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under
the laws of the United States of America or any state or territory thereof or of the District of Columbia, or a corporation or other Person
permitted to act as trustee by the Commission, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital
and surplus of at least fifty million U.S. dollars ($50,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by federal, state, territorial,
or District of Columbia authority.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If such corporation or other
Person publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining
authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation or other Person shall be deemed
to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. The Company may not, nor may
any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company, serve as Trustee. In case at any
time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee shall resign immediately in
the manner and with the effect specified in Section 7.10.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.10 Resignation
and Removal; Appointment of Successor</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The Trustee or any
successor hereafter appointed may at any time resign with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof
to the Company and the Securityholders of such series. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Company shall promptly appoint a
successor trustee with respect to Securities of such series by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors,
one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee. If no successor trustee
shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the sending of such notice of resignation, the resigning
Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to Securities of such
series, or any Securityholder of that series who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may on
behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court for the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may
thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>In case at any time
any one of the following shall occur:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(i) </B>the Trustee shall
fail to comply with the provisions of Section 7.08 after written request therefor by the Company or by any Securityholder who has been
a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(ii) </B>the Trustee shall
cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.09 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the
Company or by any such Securityholder; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in"><B>(iii) </B>the Trustee shall
become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or commence a voluntary bankruptcy proceeding, or a receiver
of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or consented to, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee
or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">then, in any such case, the
Company may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities and appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed
by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor
trustee, or any Securityholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may, on behalf of that
holder and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment
of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and
appoint a successor trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>The holders of a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee with
respect to such series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company and may appoint a successor Trustee for such series with the consent
of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>Any resignation or
removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of a series pursuant to any of the provisions
of this Section shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as provided in Section 7.11.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(e) </B>Any successor trustee
appointed pursuant to this Section may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more series or all of such series, and at
any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.11 Acceptance
of Appointment By Successor</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>In case of the appointment
hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge
and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal
of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested
with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor trustee, such
retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of any amounts due to it pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.06, execute and deliver an instrument
transferring to such successor trustee all the rights, powers, and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and
deliver to such successor trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>In case of the appointment
hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring Trustee
and each successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto
wherein each successor trustee shall accept such appointment and which (i) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable
to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with
respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates, (ii) shall contain such
provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee
with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in
the retiring Trustee, and (iii) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or
facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental
indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust, that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder
separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee and that no Trustee shall be responsible
for any act or failure to act on the part of any other Trustee hereunder; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture
the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein, such retiring Trustee shall
with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates have no further responsibility
for the exercise of rights and powers or for the performance of the duties and obligations vested in the Trustee under this Indenture,
and each such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts
and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee
relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such
successor trustee, to the extent contemplated by such supplemental indenture, the property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder
with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>Upon request of any
such successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such
successor trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>No successor trustee
shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(e) </B>Upon acceptance of
appointment by a successor trustee as provided in this Section, the Company shall send notice of the succession of such trustee hereunder
to the Securityholders. If the Company fails to send such notice within ten days after acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee,
the successor trustee shall cause such notice to be sent at the expense of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.12 Merger, Conversion,
Consolidation or Succession to Business</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Any corporation into which
the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion
or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust
business of the Trustee, including the administration of the trust created by this Indenture, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder,
provided that such corporation shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 7.08 and eligible under the provisions of Section 7.09,
without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary
notwithstanding. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor
by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated
with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.13 Preferential
Collection of Claims Against the Company</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Trustee shall comply with
Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship described in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.
A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent included therein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.14 Notice of
Default</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If any Event of Default occurs
and is continuing and if such Event of Default is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall send to each Securityholder
in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act notice of the Event of Default within the earlier
of 90 days after it occurs and 30 days after it is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee or written notice of it is received by
the Trustee, unless such Event of Default has been cured; <I>provided, however</I>, that, except in the case of a default in the payment
of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and
so long as the Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the
Securityholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
8<BR>
<BR>
CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.01 Evidence of
Action by Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Whenever in this Indenture
it is provided that the holders of a majority or specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular
series may take any action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of
any other action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action the holders of such majority or specified percentage of that series
have joined therein may be evidenced by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by such holders of Securities
of that series in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If the Company shall solicit
from the Securityholders of any series any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, the Company
may, at its option, as evidenced by an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, fix in advance a record date for such series for the determination
of Securityholders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, but the Company
shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other action may be given before or after the record date, but only the Securityholders of record at the close of business on the record
date shall be deemed to be Securityholders for the purposes of determining whether Securityholders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding
Securities of that series have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other action, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities of that series shall be computed as of the record date; provided, however,
that no such authorization, agreement or consent by such Securityholders on the record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall
become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.02 Proof of Execution
by Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the provisions
of Section 7.01, proof of the execution of any instrument by a Securityholder (such proof will not require notarization) or his or her
agent or proxy and proof of the holding by any Person of any of the Securities shall be sufficient if made in the following manner:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>The fact and date
of the execution by any such Person of any instrument may be proved in any reasonable manner acceptable to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>The ownership of
Securities shall be proved by the Security Register of such Securities or by a certificate of the Security Registrar thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Trustee may require such additional proof
of any matter referred to in this Section as it shall deem necessary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.03 Who May be
Deemed Owners</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Prior to the due presentment
for registration of transfer of any Security, the Company, the Trustee, any paying agent and any Security Registrar may deem and treat
the Person in whose name such Security shall be registered upon the books of the Security Registrar as the absolute owner of such Security
(whether or not such Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of ownership or writing thereon made by anyone other than
the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal of, premium, if any, and (subject to Section
2.03) interest on such Security and for all other purposes; and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any paying agent nor any Security
Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.04 Certain Securities
Owned by Company Disregarded</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In determining whether the
holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Securities of a particular series have concurred in any direction, consent or waiver
under this Indenture, the Securities of that series that are owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series
or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common control with the Company or any other obligor on
the Securities of that series shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination, except
that for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent or waiver, only Securities
of such series that the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. The Securities so owned that have been pledged in
good faith may be regarded as Outstanding for the purposes of this Section, if the pledgee shall establish to the satisfaction of the
Trustee the pledgee&rsquo;s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not a Person directly or indirectly
controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or any such other obligor. In case of a dispute
as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of counsel shall be full protection to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.05 Actions Binding
on Future Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">At any time prior to (but
not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.01, of the taking of any action by the holders of the majority or percentage
in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any
holder of a Security of that series that is shown by the evidence to be included in the Securities the holders of which have consented
to such action may, by filing written notice with the Trustee, and upon proof of holding as provided in Section 8.02, revoke such action
so far as concerns such Security. Except as aforesaid any such action taken by the holder of any Security shall be conclusive and binding
upon such holder and upon all future holders and owners of such Security, and of any Security issued in exchange therefor, on registration
of transfer thereof or in place thereof, irrespective of whether or not any notation in regard thereto is made upon such Security. Any
action taken by the holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified
in this Indenture in connection with such action shall be conclusively binding upon the Company, the Trustee and the holders of all the
Securities of that series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
9<BR>
<BR>
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.01 Supplemental
Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition to any supplemental
indenture otherwise authorized by this Indenture, the Company and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture
or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect), without the consent
of the Securityholders, for one or more of the following purposes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>to cure any ambiguity,
defect, or inconsistency herein or in the Securities of any series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>to comply with Article
10;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>to provide for uncertificated
Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(d) </B>to add to the covenants,
restrictions, conditions or provisions relating to the Company for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of Securities (and
if such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that
such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series), to make the
occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions
an Event of Default, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(e) </B>to add to, delete
from, or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication, and
delivery of Securities, as herein set forth;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(f) </B>to make any change
that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder in any material respect;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(g) </B>to provide for the
issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the Securities of any series as provided in Section 2.01, to establish
the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or any series of Securities, or to add
to the rights of the holders of any series of Securities;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(h) </B>to evidence and provide
for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(i) </B>to comply with any
requirements of the Commission or any successor in connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Trustee is hereby authorized
to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations
that may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee&rsquo;s
own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Any supplemental indenture
authorized by the provisions of this Section may be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the holders of any
of the Securities at the time Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 9.02.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.02 Supplemental
Indentures With Consent of Securityholders</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">With the consent (evidenced
as provided in Section 8.01) of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of each series
affected by such supplemental indenture or indentures at the time Outstanding, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and
the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the
provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating
any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner not covered by Section 9.01 the
rights of the holders of the Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall,
without the consent of the holders of each Security then Outstanding and affected thereby, (a) extend the fixed maturity of any Securities
of any series, or reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon, or reduce
any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or (b) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Securities, the holders of which are required
to consent to any such supplemental indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">It shall not be necessary
for the consent of the Securityholders of any series affected thereby under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed
supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.03 Effect of
Supplemental Indentures</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon the execution of any
supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01, this Indenture shall, with respect to such series,
be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties
and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the holders of Securities of the series affected thereby shall thereafter
be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions
of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.04 Securities
Affected by Supplemental Indentures</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Securities of any series affected
by a supplemental indenture, authenticated and delivered after the execution of such supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions
of this Article or of Section 10.01, may bear a notation in form approved by the Company, provided such form meets the requirements of
any securities exchange upon which such series may be listed, as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company
shall so determine, new Securities of that series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, to any modification
of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may be prepared by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered
in exchange for the Securities of that series then Outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.05 Execution
of Supplemental Indentures</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon the request of the Company,
accompanied by its Board Resolutions authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee
of evidence of the consent of Securityholders required to consent thereto as aforesaid, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the
execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee&rsquo;s own rights, duties or immunities
under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion but shall not be obligated to enter into such supplemental
indenture. The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, shall receive an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel
as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article is authorized or permitted by the terms of this
Article and that all conditions precedent to the execution of the supplemental indenture have been complied with; provided, however, that
such Officer&rsquo;s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel need not be provided in connection with the execution of a supplemental indenture
that establishes the terms of a series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Promptly after the execution
by the Company and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Section, the Company shall (or shall direct
the Trustee to) send a notice, setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture, to the Securityholders of
all series affected thereby .as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register. Any failure of the Company to send, or cause
the sending of, such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental
indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
10<BR>
<BR>
SUCCESSOR ENTITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 10.01 Company May
Consolidate, Etc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Nothing contained in this
Indenture shall prevent any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company)
or successive consolidations or mergers in which the Company or its successor or successors shall be a party or parties, or shall prevent
any sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of the property of the Company or its successor or successors as an entirety, or substantially
as an entirety, to any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company or its successor or successors); provided, however, (a)
the Company hereby covenants and agrees that, upon any such consolidation or merger (in each case, if the Company is not the survivor
of such transaction) or any such sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition (other than a sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition
to a Subsidiary of the Company), the due and punctual payment of the principal of (premium, if any) and interest on all of the Securities
of all series in accordance with the terms of each series, according to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and observance
of all the covenants and conditions of this Indenture with respect to each series or established with respect to such series pursuant
to Section 2.01 to be kept or performed by the Company shall be expressly assumed, by supplemental indenture (which shall conform to the
provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect) reasonably satisfactory in form to the Trustee executed and delivered to the
Trustee by the entity formed by such consolidation, or into which the Company shall have been merged, or by the entity which shall have
acquired such property and (b) in the event that the Securities of any series then Outstanding are convertible into or exchangeable for
shares of common stock or other securities of the Company, such entity shall, by such supplemental indenture, make provision so that the
Securityholders of Securities of that series shall thereafter be entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange of such Securities the
number of securities or property to which a holder of the number of shares of common stock or other securities of the Company deliverable
upon conversion or exchange of those Securities would have been entitled had such conversion or exchange occurred immediately prior to
such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition. If the Company is not the surviving entity of any such transaction,
the Company or the continuing entity agrees to deliver to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel stating that
the transaction and the supplemental indenture complies with this Section 10.01 and that all conditions precedent herein relating to the
transaction have been satisfied.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 10.02 Successor
Entity Substituted</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>In case of any such
consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition and upon the assumption by the successor entity by supplemental
indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the obligations set forth under Section 10.01
on all of the Securities of all series Outstanding, such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company with the
same effect as if it had been named as the Company herein, and thereupon the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of all obligations
and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>In case of any such
consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may
be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(c) </B>Nothing contained
in this Article shall require any action by the Company in the case of a consolidation or merger of any Person into the Company where
the Company is the survivor of such transaction, or the acquisition by the Company, by purchase or otherwise, of all or any part of the
property of any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
11<BR>
<BR>
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 11.01 Satisfaction
and Discharge of Indenture</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If at any time: (a) the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities of a series theretofore authenticated and not delivered to the Trustee
for cancellation (other than any Securities that shall have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that shall have been replaced or paid as
provided in Section 2.07 and Securities for whose payment money or Governmental Obligations have theretofore been deposited in trust or
segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereupon repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section
11.05); or (b) all such Securities of a particular series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become
due and payable, or are by their terms to become due and payable within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year under
arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and the Company shall deposit or cause to be deposited
with the Trustee as trust funds the entire amount in moneys or Governmental Obligations or a combination thereof, sufficient in the opinion
of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee,
to pay at maturity or upon redemption all Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including
principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may
be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder with respect to such series by the Company
then this Indenture shall thereupon cease to be of further effect with respect to such series except for the provisions of Sections 2.03,
2.05, 2.07, 4.01, 4.02, 4.03, 7.10, 11.05 and 13.04, that shall survive until the date of maturity or redemption date, as the case may
be, and Sections 7.06 and 11.05, that shall survive to such date and thereafter, and the Trustee, on demand of the Company and at the
cost and expense of the Company shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction of and discharging this Indenture with respect
to such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 11.02 Discharge
of Obligations</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If at any time all such Securities
of a particular series not heretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or that have not become due and payable as described in
Section 11.01 shall have been paid by the Company by depositing irrevocably with the Trustee as trust funds moneys or an amount of Governmental
Obligations sufficient to pay at maturity or upon redemption all such Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee
for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for
redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company
with respect to such series, then after the date such moneys or Governmental Obligations, as the case may be, are deposited with the Trustee
the obligations of the Company under this Indenture with respect to such series shall cease to be of further effect except for the provisions
of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4,01, 4.02, 4,03, 7.06, 7.10, 11.05 and 13.04 hereof that shall survive until such Securities shall mature
and be paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Thereafter, Sections 7.06
and 11.05 shall survive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 11.03 Deposited
Moneys to be Held in Trust</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">All moneys or Governmental
Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Sections 11.01 or 11.02 shall be held in trust and shall be available for payment as
due, either directly or through any paying agent (including the Company acting as its own paying agent), to the holders of the particular
series of Securities for the payment or redemption of which such moneys or Governmental Obligations have been deposited with the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 11.04 Payment of
Moneys Held by Paying Agents</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In connection with the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture all moneys or Governmental Obligations then held by any paying agent under the provisions of this Indenture
shall, upon demand of the Company, be paid to the Trustee and thereupon such paying agent shall be released from all further liability
with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 11.05 Repayment
to Company</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Any moneys or Governmental
Obligations deposited with any paying agent or the Trustee, or then held by the Company, in trust for payment of principal of or premium,
if any, or interest on the Securities of a particular series that are not applied but remain unclaimed by the holders of such Securities
for at least two years after the date upon which the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on such Securities shall have respectively
become due and payable, or such other shorter period set forth in applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law, shall be
repaid to the Company on May 31 of each year or upon the Company&rsquo;s request or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged
from such trust; and thereupon the paying agent and the Trustee shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys
or Governmental Obligations, and the holder of any of the Securities entitled to receive such payment shall thereafter, as a general creditor,
look only to the Company for the payment thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
12<BR>
<BR>
IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 12.01 No Recourse</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">No recourse under or upon
any obligation, covenant or agreement of this Indenture, or of any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof,
shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future as such, of the Company or of any predecessor
or successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or any such predecessor or successor corporation, whether by virtue of
any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly understood
that this Indenture and the obligations issued hereunder are solely corporate obligations, and that no such personal liability whatever
shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the incorporators, stockholders, officers or directors as such, of the Company or of any
predecessor or successor corporation, or any of them, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason
of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom; and that any
and all such personal liability of every name and nature, either at common law or in equity or by constitution or statute, of, and any
and all such rights and claims against, every such incorporator, stockholder, officer or director as such, because of the creation of
the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in
any of the Securities or implied therefrom, are hereby expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the
execution of this Indenture and the issuance of such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>article
13<BR>
<BR>
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.01 Effect on
Successors and Assigns</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">All the covenants, stipulations,
promises and agreements in this Indenture made by or on behalf of the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed
or not.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.02 Actions by
Successor</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Any act or proceeding by any
provision of this Indenture authorized or required to be done or performed by any board, committee or officer of the Company shall and
may be done and performed with like force and effect by the corresponding board, committee or officer of any corporation that shall at
the time be the lawful successor of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.03 Surrender
of Company Powers</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company by instrument
in writing executed by authority of its Board of Directors and delivered to the Trustee may surrender any of the powers reserved to the
Company, and thereupon such power so surrendered shall terminate both as to the Company and as to any successor corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.04 Notices</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as otherwise expressly
provided herein, any notice, request or demand that by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given, made or served
by the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any paying or other agent under this Indenture or by the holders of Securities or by any other
Person pursuant to this Indenture to or on the Company may be given or served by being deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid,
addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the Trustee), as follows: _________________________________________________________.
Any notice, election, request or demand by the Company or any Securityholder or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or upon
the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes, if given or made in writing at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.05 Governing
Law; Jury Trial Waiver</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">This Indenture and each Security
shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust
Indenture Act is applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">EACH PARTY HERETO, AND EACH
HOLDER OF A SECURITY BY ACCEPTANCE THEREOF, HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO
A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS INDENTURE.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.06 Treatment
of Securities as Debt</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">It is intended that the Securities
will be treated as indebtedness and not as equity for federal income tax purposes. The provisions of this Indenture shall be interpreted
to further this intention.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.07 Certificates
and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(a) </B>Upon any application
or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to
the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture (other than the certificate
to be delivered pursuant to Section 13.12) relating to the proposed action have been complied with and, if requested, an Opinion of Counsel
stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent have been complied with, except that in the case of any such
application or demand as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating
to such particular application or demand, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in"><B>(b) </B>Each certificate
or opinion provided for in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant in this
Indenture (other than the certificate to be delivered pursuant to Section 13.12 of this Indenture or Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture
Act) shall include (i) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; (ii) a brief
statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate
or opinion are based; (iii) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or investigation as is reasonably
necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (iv)
a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.08 Payments
on Business Days</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as provided pursuant
to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures
supplemental to this Indenture, in any case where the date of maturity of interest or principal of any Security or the date of redemption
of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) may be made on the next succeeding
Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date of maturity or redemption, and no interest shall accrue for
the period after such nominal date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.09 Conflict
with Trust Indenture Act</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">If and to the extent that
any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by Section 318(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, such
imposed duties shall control.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.10 Counterparts</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">This Indenture may be executed
in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same
instrument. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile or PDF transmission shall constitute effective
execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture for all purposes.
Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.11 Separability</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In case any one or more of
the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of any series shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable
in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Indenture or of such Securities,
but this Indenture and such Securities shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained
herein or therein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.12 Compliance
Certificates</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company shall deliver
to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year during which any Securities of any series were outstanding, an officer&rsquo;s
certificate stating whether or not the signers know of any Event of Default that occurred during such fiscal year. Such certificate shall
contain a certification from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer of the Company
that a review has been conducted of the activities of the Company and the Company&rsquo;s performance under this Indenture and that the
Company has complied with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture. For purposes of this Section 13.12, such compliance shall
be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture. If the officer of the Company
signing such certificate has knowledge of such an Event of Default, the certificate shall describe any such Event of Default and its status.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.13 U.S.A Patriot
Act</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The parties hereto acknowledge
that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. Patriot Act, the Trustee, like all financial institutions and in order to help fight
the funding of terrorism and money laundering, is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person or legal
entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide
the Trustee with such information as it may request in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. Patriot Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.14 Force Majeure</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">In no event shall the Trustee,
the Security Registrar, any paying agent or any other agent under this Indenture be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in
the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including
without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes
or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions or utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it
being understood that the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any paying agent or any other agent under this Indenture shall use reasonable
efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 13.15 Table of
Contents; Headings.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">The table of contents and
headings of the articles and sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not intended to be considered
a part hereof, and will not modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>In
Witness Whereof</B></FONT>, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Siebert Financial Corp.</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 35%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>[Trustee]</B></FONT>, as Trustee</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>





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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE (1)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; width: 49%"><B>Section of Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as Amended </B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; width: 49%"><B>Section of Indenture </B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">310(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.09</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">310(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.08</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.10</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">311(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.13</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">311(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.13</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">312(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.01</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.02(a)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">312(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.02(c)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">312(c)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.02(c)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">313(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.04(a)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">313(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.04(b)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">313(c)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.04(a)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.04(b)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">313(d)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.04(c)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">314(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">5.03</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">13.12</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">314(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Inapplicable</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">314(c)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">13.07(a)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">314(d)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Inapplicable</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">314(e)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">13.07(b)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">314(f)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Inapplicable</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">315(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.01(a)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.01(b)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">315(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.14</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">315(c)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.01</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">315(d)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">7.01(b)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">315(e)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">6.07</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">316(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">6.06</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">8.04</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">316(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">6.04</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">316(c)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">8.01</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">317(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">6.02</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">317(b)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">4.03</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">318(a)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">13.09</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">This Cross-Reference Table does not constitute part of the Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions.</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ea024059801ex5-1_siebert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>OPINION OF MITCHELL SILBERBERG & KNUPP LLP
<TEXT>
<HTML>
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<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 5.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-variant: small-caps"><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><IMG SRC="ex5-1_001.jpg" ALT=""></P>
                                                                         <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD>
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="font-variant: small-caps; width: 60%">Mitchell Silberberg <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp;</FONT>
Knupp llp</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 40%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="font-variant: small-caps">A Law Partnership Including
Professional Corporations</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">May 30, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Siebert Financial Corp.<BR>
653 Collins Avenue</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Miami Beach, Florida 33139</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0in">Re: Siebert Financial Corp.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0in">Registration Statement on Form S-3</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">We have acted as counsel to
Siebert Financial Corp., a New York corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), in connection with the preparation and filing with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Commission&rdquo;) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Act&rdquo;),
of the Company&rsquo;s registration statement on Form S-3 (the &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo;), relating to the registration of
(i) shares of its common stock, $.01 par value per share (the &ldquo;Common Stock&rdquo;), (ii) shares of its preferred stock (the &ldquo;Preferred
Stock&rdquo;), (iii) depositary shares representing fractional interests in shares of Preferred Stock (&ldquo;Depositary Shares&rdquo;),
(iv) debt securities (&ldquo;Debt Securities&rdquo;), (v) warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Depositary Shares
or Debt Securities (the &ldquo;Warrants&rdquo;), (vi) subscription rights to purchase securities registered under the Registration Statement
(the &ldquo;Rights&rdquo;) and (vii) units representing an interest in two or more securities registered under the Registration Statement
(the &ldquo;Units&rdquo;), with an aggregate offering price of up to $100,000,000 (the Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Depositary Shares,
Debt Securities, Warrants, Units and Rights are each referred to herein as a &ldquo;Security,&rdquo; and collectively as the &ldquo;Securities&rdquo;)
for primary offerings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">As counsel to the Company
in connection with this opinion letter, we have examined such corporate records, documents, and instruments of the Company and reviewed
such questions of law as we have deemed necessary for the purpose of rendering the opinions set forth herein and we have examined the
proceedings proposed to be taken by the Company relating to the issuance and sale of the Securities. We have also examined the Registration
Statement as filed with the Commission in accordance with the provisions of the Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">We have examined such documents
and considered such legal matters as we have deemed necessary and relevant as the basis for the opinions set forth below. With respect
to such examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals,
the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as reproduced or certified copies, and the authenticity of the originals
of those latter documents. As to questions of fact material to this opinion, we have, to the extent deemed appropriate, relied upon certain
representations of certain officers and employees of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 48%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 52%; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt">437 Madison Ave., 25th Floor, New York, New York 10022-7001<BR>
Phone:&nbsp;&nbsp;(212) 509-3900&nbsp;&nbsp;Fax:&nbsp;&nbsp;(212) 509-7239&nbsp;&nbsp;Website: <FONT STYLE="font-variant: normal; text-transform: none">WWW.MSK.COM</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">May 30, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Page 2</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In expressing our opinions
below, we have assumed, with your consent, that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(a) prior to the issuance
of (a) any Common Stock or Preferred Stock that are not outstanding as of the date hereof or (b) any Warrants covering the Common Stock
or Preferred Stock, the Company will have available for issuance, under its Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the &ldquo;Charter&rdquo;),
and as may be further amended from time to time and as in effect at the time thereof, the requisite number of authorized but unissued
shares of Common Stock and/or Preferred Stock;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;the Registration
Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will have become effective under the Act and will comply
with all applicable laws;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;the Registration
Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will be effective under the Act and will comply with all
applicable laws at the time the Securities are offered or sold as contemplated by the Registration Statement (including any and all required
post-effective amendments thereto), the base prospectus included therein (the &ldquo;Prospectus&rdquo;) and the applicable prospectus
supplement(s);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;no stop order suspending
the effectiveness of the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will have been issued
and remain in effect;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;a prospectus supplement
describing the Securities offered thereby and the offering thereof and complying with all applicable laws will have been prepared and
filed with the Commission;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;the Securities will
be offered and sold in the form and with the terms set forth in the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective
amendments thereto), the Prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement(s) and the organizational documents of the Company, as applicable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)&nbsp;the Securities will
be offered and sold in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws and in the manner stated in the Registration Statement
(including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto), the Prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement(s);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)&nbsp;the Company will
have obtained any and all legally required consents, approvals, authorizations and other orders of the Commission and any and all other
regulatory authorities and other third parties necessary to offer and sell the Securities being offered;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&nbsp;a definitive purchase,
underwriting, sales or similar agreement (each a &ldquo;Purchase Agreement&rdquo;) with respect to any Securities offered and sold will
have been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and the other parties thereto; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">(j)&nbsp;any Securities or
other securities issuable upon conversion, exchange or exercise of any Security being offered and sold will be duly authorized, created
and, if appropriate, reserved for issuance upon such conversion, exchange or exercise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">May 30, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Page 3</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Our opinions expressed in
paragraphs 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 below are subject to the qualifications that we express no opinion as to the applicability of, compliance
with or effect of: (i) any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer, moratorium
or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally; (ii) general principles of equity, whether
considered in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief), concepts
of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the discretion of the court before which a proceeding is brought; or
(iii) public policy considerations that may limit the rights of parties to obtain certain remedies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">We express no opinion as to
(i) any provision providing for the indemnification of or contribution to a party with respect to a liability where such indemnification
or contribution is contrary to public policy, (ii) consents to, or restrictions upon, governing law, jurisdiction, venue, arbitration,
remedies or judicial relief, (iii) the securities or &ldquo;Blue Sky&rdquo; laws of any state to the offer or sale of the Securities and
(iv) the antifraud provisions of the securities or other laws of any jurisdiction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the foregoing and
the other matters set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">1. The Company has the authority
pursuant to its Charter to issue up to an aggregate of 100,000,000 shares of Common Stock. Upon adoption by the board of directors of
the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance of shares of Common Stock
(including any shares of Common Stock duly issued upon the exchange or conversion of Debt Securities or shares of Preferred Stock that
are exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock or upon the exercise of Warrants or Subscription Rights and receipt by
the Company of any additional consideration payable upon such conversion, exchange or exercise, with such shares of Common Stock, together
with all shares of Common Stock previously issued or reserved for issuance and not duly and lawfully retired, not exceeding an aggregate
of 100,000,000 shares), and upon issuance and delivery of and payment of legal consideration in excess of the par value thereof in accordance
with the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law, such shares of Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">2. When a Certificate of Amendment
to the Charter relating to any Preferred Stock has been duly executed and filed with the New York Department of State, Division of Corporations,
and a series of Preferred Stock has been duly established in accordance with the terms of such Certificate of Amendment, the Charter and
applicable law, and upon adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable
law duly authorizing the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock (including any shares of Preferred Stock represented by Depositary Shares
or that are duly issued upon the exercise of Warrants or Subscription Rights and receipt by the Company of any additional consideration
payable upon such exercise, with such shares of Preferred Stock, together with all shares of Preferred Stock previously issued, designated
or reserved for issuance and not duly and lawfully retired, not exceeding the amount set forth in the Certificate of Amendment or Charter,
as applicable) and upon issuance and delivery of and payment of legal consideration in excess of the par value thereof in accordance with
the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions described in the applicable
numbered paragraphs of this opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding any Securities into or for which such shares of Preferred
Stock may be convertible, exchangeable or redeemable), such shares of Preferred Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">May 30, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Page 4</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">3. With respect to any Depositary
Shares, when (a) the board of directors of the Company has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and terms of such
Depositary Shares, the terms, execution and delivery of the deposit agreement relating to the Depositary Shares, the terms of the offering
thereof and related matters, (b) such deposit agreement has been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered, (c) the shares of
Preferred Stock underlying the Depositary Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and deposited with the depositary in accordance
with such deposit agreement, and (d) depositary receipts for such Depositary Shares have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and
delivered by duly authorized officers of the Company in accordance with the provisions of such deposit agreement and the applicable Purchase
Agreement approved by the board of directors of the Company, or upon the conversion or exercise of Warrants or other Securities to purchase
Depositary Shares, upon payment of the consideration therefor provided for therein, or upon conversion or exercise of Warrants or other
Securities, in accordance with the terms of such Securities or the instrument governing such Securities providing for such conversion
or exercise as approved by the board of directors of the Company, for the consideration approved by the board of directors of the Company,
then such Depositary Shares will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, will be validly issued and will entitle their
holders to the rights specified in such deposit agreement and the depositary receipts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">4. When (a) an indenture has
been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors
of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such indenture)
and duly executed and delivered by the Company and the trustee thereunder, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of Debt Securities
have been duly established in accordance with such indenture, and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action
of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content
as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Debt Securities), (c) the indenture has been qualified
under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and (d) the Debt Securities have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment
therefor in accordance with such indenture, the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of
the conditions described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding any Securities
issuable upon conversion of the Debt Securities), such Debt Securities (including any Debt Securities duly issued upon the exercise of
Warrants or Subscription Rights) will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance
with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">5. When (a) a warrant agreement,
if any, has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the
board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the execution and
delivery of such warrant agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of
Warrants have been duly established in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary
corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution
in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Warrants), and (c) the Warrants have
been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, the applicable Purchase
Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this
opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding any Securities issuable upon exercise of the Warrants), such Warrants will be legally
valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">May 30, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Page 5</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">6. When (a) a unit agreement
has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of
directors of the Company of a resolution duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such unit agreement) and duly executed and delivered
by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of the related Units have been duly established in accordance with such
unit agreement and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation,
the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing
the issuance and delivery of the Units), and (c) such Units have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in
accordance with such unit agreement, the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions
described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding the Securities underlying
the Units), such Units will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with
their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">7. When (a) a rights agreement,
if any, has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the
board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the execution and
delivery of such rights agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of
Rights have been duly established in accordance with such rights agreement, if any, and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary
corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution
in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Rights), and (c) the Rights have been
duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such rights agreement, if any, the applicable Purchase
Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this
opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding any Securities issuable upon exercise of the Rights), such Rights will be legally
valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">This opinion is opining upon
and is limited to the current federal laws of the United States and the New York Business Corporation Law as such laws presently exist
and to the facts as they presently exist. We express no opinion with respect to the effect or applicability of the laws of any other jurisdiction.
We assume no obligation to revise or supplement this opinion letter should the laws of such jurisdiction be changed after the date hereof
by legislative action, judicial decision, or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">We hereby consent to the use
of this opinion letter as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, to the use of our name as the Company&rsquo;s counsel and to all references
made to us in the Registration Statement and in the prospectus forming a part thereof. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we
are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act, or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
This opinion is given as of the effective date of the Registration Statement, and we are under no duty to update the opinions contained
herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Mitchell Silberberg &amp; Knupp LLP</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">MITCHELL SILBERBERG &amp; KNUPP LLP</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

</BODY>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-23.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>ea024059801ex23-1_siebert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CONSENT OF CROWE LLP
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 23.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING
FIRM</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We consent to the incorporation by reference in
this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Siebert Financial Corp. of our report dated March 31, 2025 relating to the 2024 consolidated
financial statements appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A of Siebert Financial Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2024, and
to the reference to us under the heading &ldquo;Experts&rdquo; in the prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: justify">/s/ Crowe LLP</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New York, New York</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">May 30, 2025</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

</BODY>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-23.2
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>ea024059801ex23-2_siebert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CONSENT OF BAKER TILLY US, LLP
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Exhibit 23.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration
Statement on Form S-3 of Siebert Financial Corp. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) of our report dated May 10, 2024, relating to the consolidated
financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, which appears in the Company&rsquo;s Annual Report
on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2024. We also consent to the reference of us under the heading &ldquo;Experts&rdquo; in
this Registration Statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">/s/ Baker Tilly US, LLP</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">New York, New York</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">May 30, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-FILING FEES
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>ea024059801ex-fee_siebert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FILING FEE TABLE
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 107</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Calculation of Filing Fee Tables</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Form S-3</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Form Type)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Siebert Financial Corp.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its
Charter)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Table 1: Newly Registered Securities</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Security Type</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Security Class&nbsp;Type</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fee<BR> Calculation<BR> Rule</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Amount<BR> Registered(1)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Proposed<BR> Maximum<BR> Offering<BR> Price Per<BR> Unit(2)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maximum<BR> Aggregate<BR> Offering <BR>
Price(2)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fee<BR> Rate</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Amount of<BR> Registration<BR> Fee(3)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Equity</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Common<BR> stock, par value $.01 per share</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; width: 12%">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; width: 11%">Equity</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; width: 10%">Preferred<BR> stock</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; width: 10%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 8%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 8%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 8%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 8%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 8%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Equity</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Depositary<BR> shares</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Debt</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Debt<BR> securities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Warrants</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Units(4)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Subscription rights</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Fees to be Paid</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Unallocated<BR> (Universal)<BR> Shelf</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Unallocated<BR> (Universal)<BR> Shelf</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">Rule 457(o)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">100,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.00015310</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15,310</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
                                            <TD COLSPAN="8" STYLE="text-align: left; font-weight: bold">Total Offering Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">100,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15,310</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
                                            <TD COLSPAN="8" STYLE="text-align: left; font-weight: bold">Total Fees Previously Paid</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
                                            <TD COLSPAN="8" STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-weight: bold">Total Fees Offsets</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">9,270</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; padding-bottom: 4pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
                                            <TD COLSPAN="8" STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left; font-weight: bold">Net Fee Due</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">6,040</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Table 2: Fee Offset Claims and Sources</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Registrant <BR> or Filer <BR> Name</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Form or <BR> Filing <BR> Type</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">File <BR> Number</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Initial <BR> Filing <BR> Date</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Filing <BR> Date</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fee <BR> Offset <BR> Claimed</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Security <BR> Type <BR> Associated with<BR> Fee Offset <BR> Claimed</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Security <BR> Title <BR> Associated <BR> with<BR> Fee Offset <BR> Claimed</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Unsold <BR> Securities <BR> Associated <BR> with<BR> Fee Offset <BR> Claimed</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Unsold <BR> Aggregate <BR> Offering <BR> Amount <BR> Associated <BR> with Fee <BR> Offset <BR> Claimed</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fee Paid<BR> with Fee<BR> Offset<BR> Source</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="39" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><U>Rules 457(b) and 0-11(a)(2)</U></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in">Fee Offset Claims</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in">Fee Offset Sources</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD COLSPAN="39" STYLE="text-decoration: underline; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Rules 457(p)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in">Fee Offset Claims</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: center">Siebert Financial Corp.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">S-3</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">333-262895</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 18, 2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9,270<SUP></SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 6pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><SUP>(5)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; text-align: center">Unallocated<BR> (Universal)<BR> Shelf</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; text-align: right">N/A</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right">90,400,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in">Fee Offset Sources</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Siebert Financial&nbsp;Corp.</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">S-3</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">333-262895</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 18, 2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9,270</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><P STYLE="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B>&nbsp;<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top"><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><SUP>(1)</SUP></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">There are being registered pursuant to the registration statement such indeterminate number of (a) shares of common stock, (b) shares of preferred stock, (c) depository shares, (d) debt securities, (e) warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares or debt securities of the registrant, (f) subscription rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock, depository shares, debt securities, warrants or units consisting of some or all of these securities of the registrant, and (g) units consisting of some or all of these securities, as may be offered from time to time pursuant to the prospectus contained in the registration statement with an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $100,000,000, or the equivalent thereof in foreign currencies. There are also being registered under the registration statement an indeterminate amount or number of shares of the securities as may be issuable upon conversion or exchange of warrants or pursuant to antidilution provisions thereof or offered or issued from share splits, share dividends, recapitalizations or similar transactions.</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">The proposed maximum per unit and aggregate offering prices per class of securities will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered under the registration statement and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to Instruction 2.A.iii.b of the Instructions to the Calculation of Filing Fee Tables and Related Disclosure of Form S-3.</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><SUP>(3)</SUP></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">The registration fee has been calculated in accordance with Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 0.25in; font-size: 10pt"><SUP>(4)</SUP></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">Any securities registered under the registration statement may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered under the registration statement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><SUP>(5)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">On February 18, 2022, the registrant filed a Registration
Statement on Form S-3 (the &ldquo;Prior Registration Statement&rdquo;) registering up to $100,000,000 of the registrant&rsquo;s common
stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, units and subscription rights and paying the associated filing fee. Of the $100,000,000
of securities registered with the Prior Registration Statement, $0 have been sold. The Prior Registration Statement expired on March
2, 2025, and therefore all offerings thereunder have been completed or terminated. As a result, the registrant has $100,000,000 of unsold
securities and $9,270 in unused filing fees associated with the Prior Registration Statement. In accordance with Rule 457(p) under the
Securities Act, the registrant is using the unused filing fees associated with the Prior Registration Statement to offset the filing
fee payable in connection with this filing.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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