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Note 11 - Fair Value Measurements | 6 Months Ended
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Jul. 31, 2025
Notes to Financial Statements |
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block] | (11) Fair Value Measurements ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are information that reflect the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of us. Unobservable inputs are variables that reflect our assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820 in order of priority are as follows:
| ● | Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
| ● | Level 2: Pricing inputs other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
| ● | Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect our assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available.
The following summarizes our assets (liabilities) that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of July 31, 2025 and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  |  |  |
|  | Measurements |  |  | Measurements |  |  | Measurements |  |  | Total |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 100,512 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 100,512 |
Restricted cash |  |  | 2,908 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,908 |
Interest rate swaps - asset (liability) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 361 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 361 |
(Liability)-classified market-based awards |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,683 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,683 | )
Total assets (liabilities) recorded at fair value |  | $ | 103,420 |  |  | $ | (1,322 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 102,098 |
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The cost of our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash was consistent with their estimated fair values as of July 31, 2025. Refer to Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash” to the 2025 AFS for additional detail. Interest Rate Swaps On June 17, 2022, Skillsoft entered into two fixed-rate interest rate swap agreements to change the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”)-based component of the interest rate on a portion of our variable rate debt to a fixed rate (the “Interest Rate Swaps”). The Interest Rate Swaps have a combined notional amount of $300.0 million and a maturity date of June 5, 2027. The objective of the Interest Rate Swaps is to eliminate the variability of cash flows in interest payments on $300.0 million of variable rate debt attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates. The hedged risk is the interest rate risk exposure to changes in interest payments, attributable to changes in benchmark SOFR interest rates over the interest rate swap term. The changes in cash flows of the Interest Rate Swaps are expected to offset changes in cash flows of the variable rate debt. The Interest Rate Swaps are not designated as a cash flow hedge and changes in the fair value of the Interest Rate Swaps are recorded in earnings each period. For the three and six months ended July 31, 2025, we recognized a non-cash gain (loss) of $2.1 million and ($2.1) million attributable to the Interest Rate Swaps, respectively. For the three and six months ended July 31, 2024, we recognized a non-cash gain (loss) of ($6.5) million and $1.2 million attributable to the Interest Rate Swaps, respectively. The inputs for determining fair value of the Interest Rate Swaps are classified as Level 2 inputs. Level 2 fair value is based on estimates using standard pricing models. These standard pricing models use inputs which are derived from or corroborated by observable market data such as interest rate yield curves, index forward curves, discount curves, and volatility surfaces. The counterparties to these derivative contracts are highly-rated financial institutions which we believe carry only a minimal risk of nonperformance. Depending on whether the Interest Rate Swaps are in an asset or liability position at the end of the reporting period, they are included in either the captions “other assets” or “other long-term liabilities” on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Liability-Classified Market-Based Awards The fair value of the liability-classified market-based awards are determined using a Monte Carlo simulation, weighted for the service period completed, at each reporting date. The most significant inputs for determining the fair value either originate from the grant agreement (e.g., stock price hurdles, vesting amounts, and service dates) or are derived from or corroborated by observable market data (e.g., interest rates, stock prices, equity risk, market betas, size premiums, average stock volatility); therefore we have classified the fair value measurement as Level 2. Refer to Note 9 “Stock-Based Compensation” above for additional information related to the liability-classified market-based awards. Other Fair Value Instruments Skillsoft currently invests available cash balances primarily in money market funds invested in United States Treasury securities and United States Treasury securities repurchase agreements, as well as cash deposits held at major banks. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, trade payables and accrued liabilities, as reported on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of July 31, 2025, approximate their fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. Our long-term debt is a financial instrument, and the fair value of Skillsoft’s outstanding principal amounts as of July 31, 2025 was $546.6 million. This fair value is determined based on inputs that are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (bbb)(1) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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