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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations and Principles of Consolidation: On January 15, 2020, Bogota Financial Corp. (the “Company,” “we” or “our”) became the mid-tier stock holding company for Bogota Savings Bank (the “Bank”) in connection with the reorganization of Bogota Savings Bank into the two-tier mutual holding company structure. The Company completed its stock offering in connection with the mutual holding company reorganization of the Bank on January 15, 2020. Shares of the Company’s common stock began trading on January 16, 2020 on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “BSBK.”

The Bank maintains two subsidiaries. Bogota Securities Corp. was formed to buy, sell and hold investment securities. Bogota Properties, LLC, formed to hold real estate owned by the Company, was inactive at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The Bank generally originates residential, commercial and consumer loans to, and accepts deposits from, customers in New Jersey. The debtors’ ability to repay the loans is dependent upon the region’s economy and the borrowers’ circumstances. The Bank is also subject to the regulations of certain federal and state agencies and undergoes periodic examination by those regulatory authorities.

Reclassifications: Some items in the prior year financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on prior year net loss or stockholders' equity.

Earnings (Loss) per Share: Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For purposes of calculating basic EPS, weighted average common shares outstanding excludes unallocated employee stock ownership plan shares that have not been committed for release and non-vested shares of restricted stock. Diluted EPS is computed using the same method as basic EPS, except it also reflects the potential dilution which could occur if non-vested restricted stock vested or stock options were exercised and converted into common stock. The potentially diluted shares would then be included in the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period using the treasury stock method. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, options to purchase 508,619 and 523,619 common shares, respectively, with an exercise price of $10.45 were outstanding but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because to do so would be anti-dilutive. Anti-dilutive options are those options with exercise prices in excess of the weighted average market value for the periods presented. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, 12,242 and 1,532 shares of outstanding non-vested stock were added in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

	*For the three months ended September 30, 2025*		*For the three months ended September 30, 2024*			*For the nine months ended September 30, 2025*		*For the nine months ended September 30, 2024*
Numerator
Net income (loss)	$	454,625	$	(366,960	)	$	1,409,967	$	(1,240,419	)
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic		12,637,950		12,702,683			12,641,128		12,702,683
Effect of unvested restricted stock		12,242		—			1,532		—
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted		12,650,192		12,702,683			12,642,660		12,702,683
Earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic	$	0.04	$	(0.03	)	$	0.11	$	(0.10	)
Diluted		0.04		(0.03	)		0.11		(0.10	)

Use of Estimates: To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and actual results could differ under different conditions than those assumed.

Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting in Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. As an “emerging growth company,” we may delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Accordingly, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

These financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Bank and its subsidiaries, and all significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions based on available information. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) and disclosures necessary for the fair presentation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been included. The results of operations for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire year or any other period.

The unaudited financial statements and other financial information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements, and related notes, of the Company at and for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Segment Reporting: The Company operates one reportable segment of business, “retail banking.” Through its retail banking segment, the Company provides a broad range of retail and commercial banking services. The accounting policies of the retail banking segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.

The Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is the President and Chief Executive Officer, who decides how to allocate resources based on net income that also is reported on the statement of operations as consolidated net income.

The measure of segment assets is reported on the statement of financial condition as total consolidated assets.