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Note 9 - Income Taxes
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]
Note
9
- Income Taxes
 
          Our income tax provision consists of:
 
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
201
6
 
 
201
5
 
Current:
               
Federal
  $
(70
  $
4
 
State
   
20
     
15
 
Foreign
   
13
     
111
 
     
(37
   
130
 
Deferred:
               
Federal
   
220
     
169
 
State
   
-
     
-
 
Foreign
   
(85
   
11
 
     
135
     
180
 
Total income tax provision
  $
98
    $
310
 
 
The deferred income tax provision is primarily due to the recognition of deferred tax liabilities relating to goodwill and certain intangible assets that cannot be predicted to reverse for book purposes during our loss carry-forward periods offset by the deferred tax benefit of the amortization of certain intangible assets of Accutronics (U.K.). The current income tax provision is primarily due to the income reported for Accutronics (U.K.) while the remaining expense is primarily due to state taxes. The benefit associated with the current income tax provision is primarily related to an excess accrual of income taxes in prior years. In
2015,
the deferred provision was reduced by a deferred tax benefit amounting to
$51
relating to our
$150
impairment of a trademark.
 
 
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amount used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax liabilities and assets are as follows:
 
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
201
6
 
 
201
5
 
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
               
Property, Plant and Equipment
  $
-
    $
-
 
Intangible Assets
   
5,471
     
4,631
 
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities
   
5,471
     
4,631
 
                 
Deferred Tax Assets:
               
Property, Plant and Equipment
   
77
     
288
 
Net Operating Loss Carry-Forwards
   
27,127
     
27,283
 
Tax Credit Carry-Forwards
   
1,704
     
1,596
 
Intangible Assets
   
2,923
     
3,391
 
Accrued Expenses, Reserves and Other
   
1,527
     
2,127
 
Total Deferred Tax Assets
   
33,358
     
34,685
 
Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets
   
(33,331
)    
(34,593
)
Net Deferred Tax Assets
   
27
     
92
 
                 
Net Deferred Tax Liabilities
  $
5,444
    $
4,539
 
 
 
Net deferred tax liabilities are comprised of the following balance sheet amounts:
 
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
201
6
 
 
201
5
 
                 
Current Deferred Tax Assets
  $
94
    $
92
 
Non-Current Deferred Tax Liabilities
   
(5,538
)    
(4,631
)
    $
(5,444
)   $
(4,539
)
 
The valuation allowance for deferred tax assets decreased by
$1,262
and increased by
$6,642
in the years ended
December
31,
2016
and
2015,
respectively. The
2016
decrease in the valuation allowance was due to the reduction of deferred tax assets due to the Company’s pretax income in
2016.
The
2015
increase in the valuation allowance included an increase of
$7,296
relating to the release of our unrecognized tax benefit during
2015
(see below). Excluding the effect of the release of the unrecognized tax benefit during
2015,
the valuation allowance would have decreased by
$654.
 
In
2016
and
2015,
in the U.S. and certain operations in the U.K., we continue to report a valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets that cannot be offset by reversing temporary differences. We continue to conclude that, based on historical factors, it is more likely than not that we will not fully utilize our U.S. and U.K. NOLs that have accumulated over time. The recognition of a valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets results from our evaluation of all available evidence, both positive and negative. The assessment of the realizability of the NOLs is based on a number of factors including, our history of net operating losses, the volatility of our earnings, our historical operating volatility, our historical inability to accurately forecast earnings for future periods and the continued uncertainty of the general business climate as of the end of
2016.
We believe that these historical factors represent negative evidence sufficient to conclude that we should record a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. In both
2016
and
2015,
we have not recorded a valuation allowance against our other foreign deferred tax assets as we believe that it is more likely than not that they will be realized. We continually assess the carrying value of this asset based on relevant accounting standards.
 
As of
December
31,
2016,
we have domestic and foreign NOLs totaling approximately
$70,976
and
$12,760,
respectively, and domestic tax credits of approximately
$1,704,
available to reduce future taxable income. Included in our NOL carry-forward are foreign loss carry-forwards of approximately
$12,760,
nearly all of which can be carried forward indefinitely. The domestic NOL carry-forward of
$70,976
expires beginning in
2019,
through
2034.
The domestic NOL carry-forward includes approximately
$3,223
for which a benefit will be recorded in capital in excess of par value when realized.
 
At
December
31,
2016,
the undistributed earnings of the Company's foreign operations were indefinitely reinvested in those operations.
 
For financial reporting purposes, income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes is as follows:
 
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
201
6
 
 
201
5
 
United States
  $
2,803
    $
2,582
 
Foreign
   
777
     
568
 
    $
3,580
    $
3,150
 
 
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes as follows:
 
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
201
6
 
 
201
5
 
                 
Statutory Income Tax Rate
   
34.0
%    
34.0
%
(Increase) Decrease in Tax Provision Resulting From:
               
Equity Compensation
   
9.6
     
2.2
 
Income Tax Credits
   
(6.2
)    
(4.5
)
Foreign Tax Rates
   
(2.2
)    
(2.2
)
Release of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
   
-
     
(231.6
)
Valuation Allowance
   
(30
   
210.9
 
Excess Accrual    
(5.2
)    
-
 
Other
   
2.7
     
1.0
 
Effective Income Tax Rate
   
2.7
%    
9.8
%
 
 
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes
 
Our unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions at
December
31,
2014
related to Federal and various state jurisdictions. We recorded the release of uncertain tax positions in
2015
relating to the conclusion of a federal tax examination, resulting in a
$21.4
million increase in the amount of our reported domestic NOL carry-forward.
The following table summarizes the activity related to our unrecognized tax benefits:
 
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
201
6
 
 
201
5
 
Balance – beginning of year
  $
-
    $
7,296
 
Increases related to current year tax positions
   
-
     
-
 
Increases related to prior year tax positions
   
-
     
-
 
Decreases related to prior year tax positions
   
-
     
-
 
Expiration of statute of limitations for assessment of taxes
   
-
     
-
 
Settlements of examinations
   
-
     
(7,296
)
Balance – end of year
  $
-
    $
-
 
 
The total unrecognized tax benefit balances at
January
1,
2015
of
$7,296
was comprised of tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in a deferred tax asset and a corresponding increase in our valuation allowance. As a result, because the benefit would be offset by an increase in the valuation allowance, there would be no net effect on our effective tax rate or income tax provision. We recorded the release of this unrecognized tax benefit amount during
2015
upon the conclusion of a of a federal tax examination, resulting in a
$21.4
million increase in the amount of our reported domestic NOL carry-forward. There were no unrecognized tax benefits at
December
31,
2016.
 
We are not required to accrue interest and penalties as the unrecognized tax benefits have been recorded as a decrease in our NOL. Interest and penalties would begin to accrue in the period in which the NOLs related to the uncertain tax positions are utilized. We do not expect our unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly over the next
twelve
months.
 
As a result of our operations, we file income tax returns in various jurisdictions including U.S. federal, U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions. We are routinely subject to examination by taxing authorities in these various jurisdictions. Our U.S. tax matters for the years
2001
through
2016
remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) due to our NOL carry-forwards. Our U.S. tax matters for the years
2001
through
2016
remain subject to examination by various state and local tax jurisdictions due to our NOL carry-forwards. Our tax matters for the years
2009
through
2016
remain subject to examination by the respective foreign tax jurisdiction authorities.