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Business Combinations | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract] |
Business Combinations | Business Combinations Reverse Recapitalization with Flying Eagle Acquisition Corp. As discussed in Note 1, on December 16, 2020, the Company consummated the Merger Agreement dated September 1, 2020, with Old Skillz surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Shares of Old Skillz common stock issued and outstanding were canceled and converted into the right to receive 0.7471 shares of common stock. Unless otherwise stated, the Exchange Ratio was applied to the number of shares and share prices of Old Skillz throughout these consolidated financial statements. At the effective time of the FEAC Business Combination (the “Effective Time”), and subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, holders of 359,518,849 shares of Old Skillz (“Stock Election Shares”) received merger consideration in the form of 191,932,860 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and 76,663,551 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, and holders of 75,786,931 shares of Old Skillz (“Cash Election Shares”) received cash consideration of $566,204,152. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Eagle Equity Partners II, LLC (the “Sponsor”) delivered 10,000,000 of its shares of FEAC Class B common stock into escrow that were subject to forfeiture if certain earnout conditions described more fully in the Merger Agreement were not satisfied. The earnout conditions have been fully satisfied and, in March 2021, the Earnout Shares (as defined below) were released from escrow in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement. When the earnout conditions were fully satisfied, 5,000,000 of such shares were released to the Sponsor in the form of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Sponsor Earnout Shares”), and the other 5,000,000 shares were released to the Old Skillz stockholders (the “Skillz Earnout Shares”, and collectively with the Sponsor Earnout Shares, the “Earnout Shares”), who received shares of the Company’s common stock as a result of the FEAC Business Combination in the form of shares of Class A common stock of the Company (other than the Founder and a trust for the benefit of his family members, who received shares of Class B common stock of the Company). The Earnout Shares are accounted for as equity classified equity instruments, were included as merger consideration as part of the Reverse Recapitalization, and recorded in additional paid-in capital. Upon the closing of the FEAC Business Combination, the Company's certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to, among other things, increase the total number of authorized shares of all classes of capital stock to 635,000,000 shares, $0.0001 par value per share, of which, 500,000,000 shares are designated as Class A common stock, 125,000,000 shares are designated as Class B common stock, and 10,000,000 shares are designated as preferred stock. In connection with the FEAC Business Combination, certain institutional investors (the “Investors”) purchased from the Company an aggregate of 15,853,052 shares of Class A common stock (the “Private Placement”), for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $158.5 million (the “Private Placement Shares”), pursuant to separate subscription agreements (each, a “Subscription Agreement”) entered into effective as of September 1, 2020. The FEAC Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method of accounting, FEAC was treated as the “acquired” company and Old Skillz is treated as the acquirer for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the FEAC Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of Old Skillz issuing stock for the net assets of FEAC, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of FEAC were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The following table reconciles the elements of the FEAC Business Combination to the consolidated statement of cash flows and the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the year ended December 31, 2020:
|  | Recapitalization
Cash - FEAC trust and cash, net of redemptions |  | $ | 689,979 |
Cash - Private Placement Financing |  | 158,531 |
Non-cash net assets assumed from FEAC |  | — |
Less: cash consideration paid to Old Skillz stockholders |  | (566,204) |
Less: transaction costs and advisory fees incurred by FEAC |  | (35,822) |
Net cash contributions from FEAC Business Combination and PIPE Financing |  | 246,484 |
Less: non-cash fair value of Public and Private Common Stock Warrants(1) |  | (155,183)
Less: non-cash net assets assumed from FEAC |  | — |
Less: accrued transaction costs and advisor fees incurred by Skillz |  | (16,058) |
Net FEAC Business Combination and PIPE financing |  | $ | 75,243 |
(1) Net of $1.0 million of transaction costs and advisor fees incurred by Skillz attributable to the Public and Private Common Stock Warrants. The number of shares of common stock issued immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination (share numbers are not in thousands):
|  | Recapitalization
Common stock, outstanding prior to FEAC Business Combination |  | 69,000,000
Less: redemption of FEAC shares |  | (2,140)
Common stock of FEAC |  | 68,997,860 |
FEAC sponsor shares |  | 6,350,200 |
Earnout shares |  | 10,000,000 |
Shares issued in Private Placement Financing |  | 15,853,052 |
FEAC Business Combination and Private Placement Financing shares - Class A common stock |  | 101,201,112 |
Old Skillz shares converted to New Skillz Class A common stock(1) |  | 191,932,861 |
Old Skillz shares converted to New Skillz Class B common stock(2) |  | 76,663,551 |
Total shares of common stock immediately after FEAC Business Combination |  | 369,797,524 |
(1)The number of Old Skillz shares converted to Class A common stock was determined from 332,690,933 shares of Old Skillz Class B common stock outstanding immediately prior to the closing of the FEAC Business Combination, including shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock, converted at the Exchange Ratio, less 56,620,419 shares of New Skillz stock which were repurchased from Old Skillz stockholders as part of the FEAC Business Combination. All fractional shares were rounded down. (2)The number of Old Skillz shares converted to Class B common stock was determined from the 102,614,847 shares of Old Skillz Class A common stock outstanding immediately prior to the closing of the FEAC Business Combination, including shares of convertible preferred stock, converted at the Exchange Ratio. All fractional shares were rounded down. Acquisition of Aarki, Inc. On July 16, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Aarki, Inc. (“Aarki”) and acquired 100% of the outstanding equity and voting interest of Aarki under the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger. The Company transferred $162.3 million in consideration comprised of $95.3 million in cash and the remaining $67.1 million comprised of 4.4 million of Skillz Class A common stock to the existing Aarki stockholders. The Company acquired Aarki to produce efficiencies in user-acquisition costs, which could be reinvested to acquire more users to accelerate growth and provide a broader product offering, including media buying capabilities to better serve game developers. The financial results of Aarki have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since the date of the acquisition. The Company has included the financial results of Aarki in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. The following table summarizes the fair value of the purchase price to acquire Aarki:
Description |  | Amount
Cash |  | $ | 95,296 |
Common stock issued (1) |  | 67,051 |
Total purchase price |  | $ | 162,347 |
(1) The fair value of the Skillz Class A Common Stock issued in the merger is based on 4,401,663 shares issued on the July 16, 2021 acquisition date at the closing price of the Company’s common stock on such date of $15.23 per share. The following is an allocation of the purchase price as of July 16, 2021, the acquisition closing date, and the fair values for each major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company retained the services of certified valuation specialists to assist with assigning values to certain acquired assets and assumed liabilities:
Description |  | Amount
|  | (As Restated)
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 11,309 |
Accounts receivable, net |  | 13,700 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 356 |
Property and equipment, net (as restated) |  | 5,607 |
Intangible assets, net |  | 86,800 |
Other long-term assets |  | 91 |
Accounts payable |  | (445) |
Accrued professional fees |  | (3,145) |
Other current liabilities (as restated) |  | (16,030) |
Deferred tax liabilities |  | (20,075) |
Other long-term liabilities |  | (1,693) |
Identifiable net assets acquired |  | 76,475 |
Goodwill (as restated) |  | 85,872 |
Total purchase price |  | $ | 162,347 |
The following is a summary of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their expected lives as of the acquisition closing date:
Type |  | Weighted-average useful life (in years) |  | Fair Value
Developed technology |  | 8 |  | $ | 60,400 |
Customer relationships |  | 3 |  | 26,200 |
Trademark and trade name |  | 0.3 |  | 200
Total identifiable intangible assets acquired |  |  |  | $ | 86,800 |
During the first quarter of 2022, the Company recorded a measurement period adjustment of $0.4 million to increase the carrying value of the identifiable net assets acquired, with a corresponding decrease to goodwill. The adjustment was related to a subsequent adjustment to Aarki’s federal and state tax payable as of the acquisition closing date. The Company considers the restatement of property and equipment, other current liabilities and goodwill noted above to be an accounting error requiring correction under ASC Topic 250 and have included these amounts within Note 3. Assumptions in the Allocation of Purchase Price The goodwill recognized was attributable primarily to the acquired workforce, expected cost-saving synergies and other benefits that the Company believed would result from use of the Aarki technology-driven marketing platform with the operations of Skillz. None of the goodwill recorded in connection with the Aarki acquisition is deductible for tax purposes. The fair value of the identified intangible assets acquired from the Aarki acquisition was estimated using income approaches. Under the income approach, an intangible asset’s fair value is equal to the present value of future economic benefits to be derived from ownership of the asset. Indications of value are developed by discounting future net cash flows to their present value at market-based rates of return. More specifically, the fair value of the developed technology was determined using the multi-period excess earnings method (“MPEEM”). MPEEM is an income approach to the fair value measurement attributable to a specific intangible asset being valued from the asset grouping’s overall cash-flow stream. MPEEM isolates the expected future discounted cash-flow stream to its net present value. Significant factors considered in the calculation of the developed technology intangible asset were the projected revenue, gross margins, operating expenses, technology migration curve and research and development costs attributed to maintenance of the acquired technology, along with the discount rate used to derive the estimated present value of future cash flows. The fair value of customer relationships was estimated using the "with and without" income approach, which measures the difference between cash flows generated assuming the existence of the current customer relationships and the cash flows assuming those relationships do not exist and are replaced over time. Estimated costs on projected revenues, excluding acquired contract backlog, were made using historical data pertaining to sales to new and existing customers. The Company valued the finite-lived trademark and trade name using the relief-from-royalty method income approach. The Company applied judgment which involved the use of significant assumptions with respect to its income forecast such as the level and timing of future cash flows. The Company believes the level and timing of expected future cash flows appropriately reflected market participant assumptions. Transaction Costs The Company incurred transaction costs of approximately $8.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 in connection with the business combination for legal, accounting and other professional services fees. These costs are included in the general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Direct and incremental transaction costs related to equity offerings that would not otherwise have been incurred are treated as a reduction of the cash proceeds and are deducted from the Company’s additional paid-in capital. Accordingly, $0.1 million was incurred related to equity issuance costs for the year ended December 31, 2021 in connection with the issuance of Skillz Class A shares to the Aarki stockholders. Pro-Forma Financial Information The financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations of the Company and Aarki, on a pro forma basis, as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of the periods presented. The pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place on January 1, 2020 or of results that may occur in the future. The table below presents the pro forma revenue and net loss of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. These pro forma results were based on estimates and assumptions, which the Company believes are reasonable. The pro forma results include adjustments primarily related to purchase accounting adjustments, acquisition costs and other non-recurring charges incurred which are included in the earliest period presented. The table below presents the unaudited pro forma revenue and net loss for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2021 |  | 2020
| (As Restated) |  | (As Restated)
Revenue | $ | 394,988 |  |  | $ | 257,586 |
Net loss | $ | (200,303) |  |  | $ | (152,676) |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for a business combination (or series of individually immaterial business combinations) completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. The disclosure may include leverage buyout transactions (as applicable). + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 805 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2303972 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 805 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=128092470&loc=d3e4946-128472 + Details
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