Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) as determined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and pursuant to the regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulation of the SEC. The Company believes the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and one subsidiary for which there is an immaterial noncontrolling interest at March 31, 2024. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature that are, in the opinion of the Company’s management, necessary for the fair presentation of the results of operations for the interim periods. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosures at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Estimates are used in several areas including, but not limited to, stock-based compensation and valuation of common stock warrants. The Company bases these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company generates substantially all its revenues through its Skillz segment by providing a service to game developers aimed at improving the monetization of their game content. The monetization service provided by Skillz allows developers to offer multi-player competition to their end-users which increases end-user retention and engagement. Skillz provides developers with a software development kit (“SDK”) that they can download and integrate with their existing games. The SDK serves as a data interface between Skillz and the game developers that enables Skillz to provide monetization services to the developer. The Company recognizes revenue for its services in accordance with the FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). See Note 3, Revenue, for additional information. Revenues from Entry Fees The Company applies the five-step model to achieve the core principle of ASC 606. The Company determined that its customer in the provision of its technology platform and services is the game developer. The Company’s ordinary activities consist of providing game developers services through access to its technology platform using the Skillz SDK. The SDK acts as an application programming interface enabling communication of data between Skillz and the game developers, which when integrated with the developer’s game content, facilitates end-user registration into competitions, managing and hosting end-user competition accounts, matching players of similar skill levels, collecting end-user entry fees, distributing end-user prizes, resolving end-user disputes pertaining to their participation in competitions, and running third-party marketing campaigns (collectively, “Monetization Services”). The Company provides Monetization Services to game developers enabling them to offer competitive games to their end-users. These activities are not distinct from each other as the Company provides an integrated service enabling game developers to provide the competitive game service to the end-users, and as a result, they do not represent separate performance obligations. The Company is entitled to a revenue share based on total entry fees for paid competitions, regardless of how they are paid, net of end-user prizes (i.e., winnings from the competitions) and other costs to provide the Monetization Services. Entry fees used to enter paid competitions can include net cash deposits, cash from prior winnings, and end-user incentives. The game developers earn monthly revenue share from end-users, calculated based on end-users’ paid entry fees attributable to their games as a percentage of total entry fees. End-user incentives are not paid for by game developers. In addition, the Company accounts for end-user incentives either as a reduction of revenue or as sales and marketing expenses (as noted below). The Company collects entry fees and related charges from end-users on behalf of game developers. This is done via the end-user’s pre-authorized credit card or PayPal account. The Company withholds its portion of revenue share and administrative costs from these entry fees. The balance is then recorded as a reduction to revenue for the amount owed to the game developer. Therefore, the game developer’s ability and intent to pay the amounts withheld by the Company is not subject to significant judgment or collection risk. Certain of Skillz’ larger developer agreements provide the Company with a right to withhold additional amounts from their revenue share. These amounts relate to game-specific sales and marketing costs incurred by the Company, in its sole discretion, to acquire end-users on behalf of the game developer. The amount and timing of such withholding(s) is (are) uncertain and based on the future performance of the respective developer’s games. Such amounts are recorded as part of the monthly settlement process with the game developer. Accordingly, the Company has included these amounts as a reduction to the revenue share paid to game developers. Revenue is recognized at the time the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control of the promised service in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for the Monetization Services. The Company does not recognize contract assets or contract liabilities as the payment of the transaction price is concurrent with fulfillment of the services. At the time of game completion, the Company has a right to receive payment for services rendered. The Company’s agreements with game developers can generally be terminated for convenience by either party upon thirty days prior written notice, and in certain of the Company’s larger agreements, the game developer, if required by the Company, must continue to make its games available on the platform for a period of up to twelve months. The Company's agreements with certain game developers cannot be terminated by the developer without the Company's approval for a period of at least eighteen months under certain conditions. In accordance with optional exemptions available under Topic 606, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (1) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, and (2) contracts for which variable consideration relates entirely to an unsatisfied performance obligation or to an unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct service that forms a part of a single performance obligation. Games provided by two developer partners accounted for 80% of the Company’s revenue from Monetization Services in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. End-User Incentive Programs To drive traffic to the platform, the Company provides promotions and incentives to end-users in various forms. Evaluating whether a promotion or incentive is a payment to a customer may require significant judgment. Promotions and incentives, which are consideration payable to customers, are recognized as a reduction of revenue at the later of when revenue is recognized or when the Company pays or promises to pay the incentive. Promotions and incentives recorded as sales and marketing expenses are recognized when we incur the related cost. Our primary end-user incentive is Bonus Cash, which is a promotional incentive that cannot be withdrawn and can only be used by end-users to enter paid-entry fee contests. Bonus Cash used as entry fees for paid Competitions can include newly issued Bonus Cash and / or Bonus Cash returned to end-users from prior winnings. We recognize the entire cost of Bonus Cash as sales and marketing expenses or a reduction of revenue (as discussed below). When Bonus Cash is used towards entry fees for a paid Competition and is returned to an end-user as winnings, we do not record any additional sales and marketing expenses or reductions to revenue. Likewise, if Bonus Cash is returned to an end-user and is used to enter subsequent competitions, which they continue to win, we do not record any additional sales and marketing expenses or reductions to revenue. •Marketing promotions and discounts accounted for as reductions to revenue. These promotions are typically pricing actions in the form of discounts that reduce end-user entry fees. These are offered on behalf of the game developers. Although not required based on the Company’s agreement with its game developers, the Company considers that game developers have a valid expectation that certain incentives will be offered to end-users. The determination of a valid expectation is based on an evaluation of all information reasonably available to game developers regarding the Company’s customary business practices, published policies and specific statements. An example of an incentive for which the game developer has a valid expectation is “Ticketz”, which are virtual currency earned for every competition played based on the amount of the entry fee. Ticketz can be redeemed for prizes, including Bonus Cash. Another promotional incentive is initial deposit Bonus Cash that can be earned in fixed amounts when an end-user makes their first deposit on the Skillz platform. Bonus Cash can only be applied by end-users towards future paid-entry fee competitions and cannot be withdrawn. •Marketing promotions accounted for as sales and marketing expenses. When the Company concludes that game developers do not have a valid expectation that an incentive will be offered, Management records the related cost as sales and marketing expenses. Management’s assessment is based on an evaluation of all information reasonably available to game developers regarding the Company’s customary business practices, published policies and specific statements. These promotions are offered to end-users to draw, re-engage, or generally increase their use of the Skillz platform. An example of this type of incentive is limited-time Bonus Cash offers, which are targeted to specific end-users, typically those who deposit more frequently or have not made a deposit recently, via email or in-app promotions. The Company targets groups of end-users differently, offering specific promotions it believes will best stimulate engagement. Similar to Bonus Cash earned from the redemption of Ticketz or an initial deposit, limited-time Bonus Cash can only be used by end-users to enter future paid entry fee competitions and cannot be withdrawn. The Company also hosts engagement marketing leagues, which run over a period of days or weeks. Prizes are awarded to winners in the form of cash or luxury goods to end-users earning the most medals at the end of the league. End-users accumulate medals by winning Skillz enabled paid entry fee competitions. Skillz determines whether (or not) to run a league, what prizes should be awarded, over what time period the league should run, and to which end-users’ prizes should be paid, all at the Company’s discretion. The parameters vary from one league to the next and are not reasonably known, nor communicated to game developers. League prizes in the form of cash can be withdrawn or applied towards future paid-entry fee competitions. From time to time, the Company issues credits or refunds to end-users that are dissatisfied by the level of service provided by the game developer. There is no contractual obligation for the Company to refund such end-users nor is there a valid expectation by game developers for the Company to issue such credits or refunds to end-users on their behalf. The Company accounts for credits or refunds, which are not recoverable from the game developer, as sales and marketing expenses when incurred. Advertising Revenue The Company offers a technology platform (i.e. demand side platform, “DSP”) to source available advertising space from its network of vendors / suppliers (aka, advertising exchange partners / publishers), which uses a real-time auction process. The revenue from advertising is recognized over time based on the number of impressions as the performance obligation is satisfied. The Company considers itself the agent of its customer(s). This is due to the Company’s involvement in programmatically placing and sourcing advertisements on behalf of customers via a network of third party publishers. The Company does not, at any time, take ownership of advertising inventory being sourced and placed. Via the DSP, if the Company wins the auction and an impression is served, the customer’s advertisement is displayed on the publisher / supplier’s mobile application. Management evaluates whether the performance obligation contained in its insertion order (“IO”) are distinct within the context of a customer contract as defined above. We determined the nature of our performance obligations to customers is to run their programmatic media campaigns by delivering advertisements to their target audience(s). This is carried out based on parameters and strategies outlined by the customer. This performance obligation to the customer incorporates the following: •The DSP and related services (i.e., development of campaign strategy, provision of creative services, campaign flighting, performance monitoring and serving of the ads); and •Sourcing mobile advertising space from the Company’s network of vendors / suppliers. None of these promises are separately identifiable from each other in the contract, as they are integrated with the DSP to provide the customer a combined output. That output empowers the customer to acquire the most valuable space for their mobile advertising campaign based on a pre-established / maximum budget in the IO. Our customers do not dictate where or how the Company sources advertising space. Likewise, the Company does not take ownership of any inventory before the mobile advertisement is served to the customer. The Company recognizes an asset for incremental costs of obtaining a contract with the customer as long as Management expects to recover these costs. Incremental costs are those that would have not been incurred if the contract did not exist. Examples of incremental costs often capitalized are sales commissions whereas examples of costs that would not be included are internal employee salaries, standard benefits, travel costs, and other / general legal costs. Sales commissions are the only incremental contract costs the Company incurs and are paid based on collected revenue based on the recipient’s assigned accounts. As commissions are typically satisfied within one year after an executed contract, the Company applies the practical expedient under ASC 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs: Contracts with Customers. Maintenance Fee Revenue When a player becomes inactive on the platform by not participating in a tournament for six consecutive months, the Company will impose a monthly maintenance fee. This fee is charged to the player and recognized as revenue by the Company beginning from the first the month of inactivity.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, commercial paper, money market funds and U.S government agency securities with maturities of three months or less when purchased.
Concentrations of Credit Risk	Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities. Although the Company deposits its cash with multiple well-established financial institutions, the deposits, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents. Marketable securities primarily consist of corporate debt securities, asset backed securities and debt instruments issued by foreign governments. The Company limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer and monitors the financial condition of the financial institutions on a regular basis.
Accounts Receivable, Net	Accounts Receivable, Net Accounts receivable, net, represents amounts recorded for programmatic media campaigns, net of an allowance for credit losses from our advertising revenue customers of our Aarki segment. The allowance for credit losses is recorded as an offset to accounts receivable and changes in such are classified as general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company assesses collectability by reviewing accounts receivable on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist and on an individual basis when there are specific customers with known disputes or collectability issues. In determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses, the Company considers historical collectability based on past due status and makes judgments about the creditworthiness of customers based on ongoing credit evaluations. The Company also considers customer-specific information, current market conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions to inform adjustments to historical loss data. The Company’s provision for credit losses were not material in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The allowance for credit losses was $64.0 thousand and $49.0 thousand at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Two customers accounted for 18% and 14% of the accounts receivable balance as of March 31, 2024, respectively. One customer accounted for 12% of the accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2023.
Fair Value Measurement	Fair Value Measurement The Company applies fair value accounting for financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: •Level 1 — Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. •Level 2 — Inputs reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. •Level 3 — Unobservable inputs reflecting management’s estimate of assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available. The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Certain financial instruments, including debt, are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of debt was estimated using primarily level 2 inputs, including quoted market prices or present value of future payments discounted by the market interest rates or the fixed rates based on current rates offered to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities.
Long-Lived Assets	Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets consist of property and equipment with estimable useful lives subject to depreciation and amortization. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. When impairment indicators are identified, the Company assesses its long-lived assets for impairment. Recoverability of an asset or asset group to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the carrying amount of the asset or asset group exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset or asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset or asset group. On March 15, 2023, the Company completed the purchase of an office building in Las Vegas, Nevada for $11.5 million, with $10.5 million and $1.0 million allocated to building and land components, respectively. The building will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 39 years. The land is not subject to depreciation. The building is being utilized as the Company’s headquarters effective in February 2024.
Investments	Investments The Company considers all highly liquid interest-earning investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. The fair values of these investments approximate their carrying values. In general, investments with original maturities of greater than three months and remaining maturities of less than one year are classified as short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year are classified as non-current marketable securities. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and realized gains and losses are recorded using the specific identification method. Changes in fair value, excluding credit losses and impairments, are recorded in other comprehensive income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Fair value is calculated based on publicly available market information or other estimates determined by management. If the cost of an investment exceeds its fair value, the Company evaluates, among other factors, general market conditions, credit quality of debt instrument issuers, and the extent to which the fair value is less than cost. To determine credit losses, the Company employs a systematic methodology that considers available quantitative and qualitative evidence. In addition, the Company considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of, and business outlook for, the investee. If the Company plans to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery, then a decline in fair value below cost is recorded as an impairment charge in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss and a new cost basis in the investment is established. If market, industry, and/or investee conditions deteriorate, the Company may incur future impairments. The Company has elected to measure its existing investments in non-marketable equity securities at cost, less impairments, with remeasurements to fair value only upon the occurrence of observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar securities of the same issuer (“measurement alternative”). This election is reassessed each reporting period to determine whether non-marketable equity securities have a readily determinable fair value, in which case they would no longer be eligible for this election and would be measured at fair value. The Company evaluates its non-marketable equity securities for impairment at each reporting period based on a qualitative assessment that considers various potential impairment indicators. Impairment indicators might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, a significant deterioration in the earnings performance, credit rating, asset quality, or business prospects of the investee, a significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment of the investee, a bona fide offer to purchase, an offer by the investee to sell, or a completed auction process for the same or similar securities for an amount less than the carrying amount of the investments in those securities. If an impairment exists, a loss is recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the investment. Gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of non-marketable equity securities, including impairment, are recorded through other income, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company separately presents investments in non-marketable equity securities within long-term assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company identified an impairment indicator related to one of its investments in a privately held company. The Company reviewed the private company’s forecast and noted significant concerns about the private company’s ability to continue as a going concern. As a result, an impairment charge of $2.9 million was recorded in the year ended December 31, 2023.
Advertising and Promotional Expense	Advertising and Promotional Expense Advertising and promotional expenses are included in sales and marketing expenses within the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and are expensed when incurred.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based awards based on estimated grant-date fair values recognized over the requisite service period. For awards that vest solely based on a service condition, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The compensation expense related to awards with performance conditions is recognized over the requisite service period when the performance conditions are probable of being achieved. The compensation expense related to awards with market conditions is recognized on an accelerated attribution basis over the requisite service period identified as the derived service period over which the market conditions are expected to be achieved and is not reversed if the market condition is not satisfied. See Note 11, Stock-Based Compensation, for more information. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. If an employee stock-based award is canceled without the concurrent grant or offer of a replacement award, the cancellation is treated as a settlement for no consideration and any previously unrecognized compensation cost shall be recognized at the cancellation date. Stock-based awards granted to employees are primarily stock options and restricted stock units. The Company has primarily granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”), which have a service-based (and in certain circumstances, performance-based) vesting condition over a four-year period, to its employees and members of the Board of Directors since the start of 2021. The Board of Directors determines the fair value of each share of underlying common stock based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant. The Company has also issued equity awards in Aarki, Inc. (“Aarki”) to certain key employees of Aarki. See Note 5, Spin-Off Transaction. For awards with market conditions, the Company determines the grant date fair value utilizing a Monte Carlo valuation model, which incorporates various assumptions including expected stock price volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rates, expected date of a qualifying event, expected capital raise percentage and market capitalization milestones. Given the Company’s limited market trading history, it has estimated the volatility of its common stock on the date of grant of awards with market conditions based on the weighted average historical stock price volatility of comparable publicly-traded companies in its industry group. The Company estimated the expected term of its awards with market conditions based on various exercise scenarios, as these awards are not considered “plain vanilla.” The Company utilized a risk-free interest rate based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The Company estimated the expected date of a qualifying event, the expected capital raise percentage and the expected achievement date of market capitalization milestones based on management’s expectations at the time of measurement of the award’s value.
Indirect Tax Liabilities	Indirect Tax Liabilities We are subject to indirect taxes such as sales and use tax in the United States and value-add tax in certain foreign jurisdictions, respectively. Indirect tax liabilities are adjusted considering changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of a tax examination, further interpretation of existing tax law, or new tax law. We recognize changes to our estimate if it is estimable and probable that our position would not be sustainable upon examination by taxing authorities. Although management believes our recorded liabilities are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the final tax outcomes of these matters will not be different from that which our liabilities are based on. To the extent that final tax outcomes of these matters are different than the amounts recorded, such differences could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements as the Company records related tax reserves as a reduction in revenue, and penalties and interest in general and administrative expenses.
Segments	Segments Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. Effective beginning in the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company had two operating and reportable segments. See Note 14, Segment Reporting.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose specific tax rate reconciliation categories, as well as income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, amongst other disclosure enhancements. The ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements. In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards,” which provides illustrative guidance to help entities determine whether profits interest and similar awards should be accounted for as share-based payment arrangements within the scope of FASB Accounting Standards Codification (FASB ASC) 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. ASU 2024-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. The Company currently expects that this ASU will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose information about their reportable segments’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU is required to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements once adopted. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) as determined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and pursuant to the regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulation of the SEC. The Company believes the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and one subsidiary for which there is an immaterial noncontrolling interest at March 31, 2024. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature that are, in the opinion of the Company’s management, necessary for the fair presentation of the results of operations for the interim periods. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosures at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Estimates are used in several areas including, but not limited to, stock-based compensation and valuation of common stock warrants. The Company bases these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates substantially all its revenues through its Skillz segment by providing a service to game developers aimed at improving the monetization of their game content. The monetization service provided by Skillz allows developers to offer multi-player competition to their end-users which increases end-user retention and engagement. Skillz provides developers with a software development kit (“SDK”) that they can download and integrate with their existing games. The SDK serves as a data interface between Skillz and the game developers that enables Skillz to provide monetization services to the developer.

The Company recognizes revenue for its services in accordance with the FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). See Note 3, Revenue, for additional information.

Revenues from Entry Fees

The Company applies the five-step model to achieve the core principle of ASC 606. The Company determined that its customer in the provision of its technology platform and services is the game developer. The Company’s ordinary activities consist of providing game developers services through access to its technology platform using the Skillz SDK. The SDK acts as an application programming interface enabling communication of data between Skillz and the game developers, which when integrated with the developer’s game content, facilitates end-user registration into competitions, managing and hosting end-user competition accounts, matching players of similar skill levels, collecting end-user entry fees, distributing end-user prizes, resolving end-user disputes pertaining to their participation in competitions, and running third-party marketing campaigns (collectively, “Monetization Services”).

The Company provides Monetization Services to game developers enabling them to offer competitive games to their end-users. These activities are not distinct from each other as the Company provides an integrated service enabling game developers to provide the competitive game service to the end-users, and as a result, they do not represent separate performance obligations. The Company is entitled to a revenue share based on total entry fees for paid competitions, regardless of how they are paid, net of end-user prizes (i.e., winnings from the competitions) and other costs to provide the Monetization Services. Entry fees used to enter paid competitions can include net cash deposits, cash from prior winnings, and end-user incentives. The game developers earn monthly revenue share from end-users, calculated based on end-users’ paid entry fees attributable to their games as a percentage of total entry fees. End-user incentives are not paid for by game developers. In addition, the Company accounts for end-user incentives either as a reduction of revenue or as sales and marketing expenses (as noted below).

The Company collects entry fees and related charges from end-users on behalf of game developers. This is done via the end-user’s pre-authorized credit card or PayPal account. The Company withholds its portion of revenue share and administrative costs from these entry fees. The balance is then recorded as a reduction to revenue for the amount owed to the game developer. Therefore, the game developer’s ability and intent to pay the amounts withheld by the Company is not subject to significant judgment or collection risk. Certain of Skillz’ larger developer agreements provide the Company with a right to withhold additional amounts from their revenue share. These amounts relate to game-specific sales and marketing costs incurred by the Company, in its sole discretion, to acquire end-users on behalf of the game developer. The amount and timing of such withholding(s) is (are) uncertain and based on the future performance of the respective developer’s games. Such amounts are recorded as part of the monthly settlement process with the game developer. Accordingly, the Company has included these amounts as a reduction to the revenue share paid to game developers.

Revenue is recognized at the time the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control of the promised service in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for the Monetization Services. The Company does not recognize contract assets or contract liabilities as the payment of the transaction price is concurrent with fulfillment of the services. At the time of game completion, the Company has a right to receive payment for services rendered. The Company’s agreements with game developers can generally be terminated for convenience by either party upon thirty days prior written notice, and in certain of the Company’s larger agreements, the game developer, if required by the Company, must continue to make its games available on the platform for a period of up to twelve months. The Company's agreements with certain game developers cannot be terminated by the developer without the Company's approval for a period of at least eighteen months under certain conditions. In accordance with optional exemptions available under Topic 606, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (1) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, and (2) contracts for which variable consideration relates entirely to an unsatisfied performance obligation or to an unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct service that forms a part of a single performance obligation.

Games provided by two developer partners accounted for 80% of the Company’s revenue from Monetization Services in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

End-User Incentive Programs

To drive traffic to the platform, the Company provides promotions and incentives to end-users in various forms. Evaluating whether a promotion or incentive is a payment to a customer may require significant judgment. Promotions and incentives, which are consideration payable to customers, are recognized as a reduction of revenue at the later of when revenue is recognized or when the Company pays or promises to pay the incentive. Promotions and incentives recorded as sales and marketing expenses are recognized when we incur the related cost.

Our primary end-user incentive is Bonus Cash, which is a promotional incentive that cannot be withdrawn and can only be used by end-users to enter paid-entry fee contests. Bonus Cash used as entry fees for paid Competitions can include newly issued Bonus Cash and / or Bonus Cash returned to end-users from prior winnings. We recognize the entire cost of Bonus Cash as sales and marketing expenses or a reduction of revenue (as discussed below). When Bonus Cash is used towards entry fees for a paid Competition and is returned to an end-user as winnings, we do not record any additional sales and marketing expenses or reductions to revenue. Likewise, if Bonus Cash is returned to an end-user and is used to enter subsequent competitions, which they continue to win, we do not record any additional sales and marketing expenses or reductions to revenue.

•Marketing promotions and discounts accounted for as reductions to revenue. These promotions are typically pricing actions in the form of discounts that reduce end-user entry fees. These are offered on behalf of the game developers. Although not required based on the Company’s agreement with its game developers, the Company considers that game developers have a valid expectation that certain incentives will be offered to end-users. The determination of a valid expectation is based on an evaluation of all information reasonably available to game developers regarding the Company’s customary business practices, published policies and specific statements.

An example of an incentive for which the game developer has a valid expectation is “Ticketz”, which are virtual currency earned for every competition played based on the amount of the entry fee. Ticketz can be redeemed for prizes, including Bonus Cash. Another promotional incentive is initial deposit Bonus Cash that can be earned in fixed amounts when an end-user makes their first deposit on the Skillz platform. Bonus Cash can only be applied by end-users towards future paid-entry fee competitions and cannot be withdrawn.

•Marketing promotions accounted for as sales and marketing expenses. When the Company concludes that game developers do not have a valid expectation that an incentive will be offered, Management records the related cost as sales and marketing expenses. Management’s assessment is based on an evaluation of all information reasonably available to game developers regarding the Company’s customary business practices, published policies and specific statements. These promotions are offered to end-users to draw, re-engage, or generally increase their use of the Skillz platform.

An example of this type of incentive is limited-time Bonus Cash offers, which are targeted to specific end-users, typically those who deposit more frequently or have not made a deposit recently, via email or in-app promotions. The Company targets groups of end-users differently, offering specific promotions it believes will best stimulate engagement. Similar to Bonus Cash earned from the redemption of Ticketz or an initial deposit, limited-time Bonus Cash can only be used by end-users to enter future paid entry fee competitions and cannot be withdrawn. The Company also hosts engagement marketing leagues, which run over a period of days or weeks. Prizes are awarded to winners in the form of cash or luxury goods to end-users earning the most medals at the end of the league. End-users accumulate medals by winning Skillz enabled paid entry fee competitions. Skillz determines whether (or not) to run a league, what prizes should be awarded, over what time period the league should run, and to which end-users’ prizes should be paid, all at the Company’s discretion. The parameters vary from one league to the next and are not reasonably known, nor communicated to game developers. League prizes in the form of cash can be withdrawn or applied towards future paid-entry fee competitions.

From time to time, the Company issues credits or refunds to end-users that are dissatisfied by the level of service provided by the game developer. There is no contractual obligation for the Company to refund such end-users nor is there a valid expectation by game developers for the Company to issue such credits or refunds to end-users on their behalf. The Company accounts for credits or refunds, which are not recoverable from the game developer, as sales and marketing expenses when incurred.

Advertising Revenue

The Company offers a technology platform (i.e. demand side platform, “DSP”) to source available advertising space from its network of vendors / suppliers (aka, advertising exchange partners / publishers), which uses a real-time auction process. The revenue from advertising is recognized over time based on the number of impressions as the performance obligation is satisfied. The Company considers itself the agent of its customer(s). This is due to the Company’s involvement in programmatically placing and sourcing advertisements on behalf of customers via a network of third party publishers. The Company does not, at any time, take ownership of advertising inventory being sourced and placed. Via the DSP, if the Company wins the auction and an impression is served, the customer’s advertisement is displayed on the publisher / supplier’s mobile application.

Management evaluates whether the performance obligation contained in its insertion order (“IO”) are distinct within the context of a customer contract as defined above. We determined the nature of our performance obligations to customers is to run their programmatic media campaigns by delivering advertisements to their target audience(s). This is carried out based on parameters and strategies outlined by the customer. This performance obligation to the customer incorporates the following:

•The DSP and related services (i.e., development of campaign strategy, provision of creative services, campaign flighting, performance monitoring and serving of the ads); and

•Sourcing mobile advertising space from the Company’s network of vendors / suppliers.

None of these promises are separately identifiable from each other in the contract, as they are integrated with the DSP to provide the customer a combined output. That output empowers the customer to acquire the most valuable space for their mobile advertising campaign based on a pre-established / maximum budget in the IO. Our customers do not dictate where or how the Company sources advertising space. Likewise, the Company does not take ownership of any inventory before the mobile advertisement is served to the customer.

The Company recognizes an asset for incremental costs of obtaining a contract with the customer as long as Management expects to recover these costs. Incremental costs are those that would have not been incurred if the contract did not exist. Examples of incremental costs often capitalized are sales commissions whereas examples of costs that would not be included are internal employee salaries, standard benefits, travel costs, and other / general legal costs. Sales commissions are the only incremental contract costs the Company incurs and are paid based on collected revenue based on the recipient’s assigned accounts. As commissions are typically satisfied within one year after an executed contract, the Company applies the practical expedient under ASC 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs: Contracts with Customers.

Maintenance Fee Revenue

When a player becomes inactive on the platform by not participating in a tournament for six consecutive months, the Company will impose a monthly maintenance fee. This fee is charged to the player and recognized as revenue by the Company beginning from the first the month of inactivity.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, commercial paper, money market funds and U.S government agency securities with maturities of three months or less when purchased.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities. Although the Company deposits its cash with multiple well-established financial institutions, the deposits, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents. Marketable securities primarily consist of corporate debt securities, asset backed securities and debt instruments issued by foreign governments. The Company limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer and monitors the financial condition of the financial institutions on a regular basis.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable, net, represents amounts recorded for programmatic media campaigns, net of an allowance for credit losses from our advertising revenue customers of our Aarki segment. The allowance for credit losses is recorded as an offset to accounts receivable and changes in such are classified as general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company assesses collectability by reviewing accounts receivable on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist and on an individual basis when there are specific customers with known disputes or collectability issues. In determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses, the Company considers historical collectability based on past due status and makes judgments about the creditworthiness of customers based on ongoing credit evaluations. The Company also considers customer-specific information, current market conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions to inform adjustments to historical loss data. The Company’s provision for credit losses were not material in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The allowance for credit losses was $64.0 thousand and $49.0 thousand at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Two customers accounted for 18% and 14% of the accounts receivable balance as of March 31, 2024, respectively. One customer accounted for 12% of the accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2023.

Fair Value Measurement

The Company applies fair value accounting for financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:

•Level 1 — Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•Level 2 — Inputs reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

•Level 3 — Unobservable inputs reflecting management’s estimate of assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available.

The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Certain financial instruments, including debt, are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of debt was estimated using primarily level 2 inputs, including quoted market prices or present value of future payments discounted by the market interest rates or the fixed rates based on current rates offered to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets consist of property and equipment with estimable useful lives subject to depreciation and amortization. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. When impairment indicators are identified, the Company assesses its long-lived assets for impairment. Recoverability of an asset or asset group to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the carrying amount of the asset or asset group exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset or asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset or asset group.

On March 15, 2023, the Company completed the purchase of an office building in Las Vegas, Nevada for $11.5 million, with $10.5 million and $1.0 million allocated to building and land components, respectively. The building will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 39 years. The land is not subject to depreciation. The building is being utilized as the Company’s headquarters effective in February 2024.

Investments

The Company considers all highly liquid interest-earning investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. The fair values of these investments approximate their carrying values. In general, investments with original maturities of greater than three months and remaining maturities of less than one year are classified as short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year are classified as non-current marketable securities. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.

Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and realized gains and losses are recorded using the specific identification method. Changes in fair value, excluding credit losses and impairments, are recorded in other comprehensive income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Fair value is calculated based on publicly available market information or other estimates determined by management. If the cost of an investment exceeds its fair value, the Company evaluates, among other factors, general market conditions, credit quality of debt instrument issuers, and the extent to which the fair value is less than cost. To determine credit losses, the Company employs a systematic methodology that considers available quantitative and qualitative evidence. In addition, the Company considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of, and business outlook for, the investee. If the Company plans to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery, then a decline in fair value below cost is recorded as an impairment charge in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss and a new cost basis in the investment is established. If market, industry, and/or investee conditions deteriorate, the Company may incur future impairments.

The Company has elected to measure its existing investments in non-marketable equity securities at cost, less impairments, with remeasurements to fair value only upon the occurrence of observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar securities of the same issuer (“measurement alternative”). This election is reassessed each reporting period to determine whether non-marketable equity securities have a readily determinable fair value, in which case they would no longer be eligible for this election and would be measured at fair value. The Company evaluates its non-marketable equity securities for impairment at each reporting period based on a qualitative assessment that considers various potential impairment indicators. Impairment indicators might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, a significant deterioration in the earnings performance, credit rating, asset quality, or business prospects of the investee, a significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment of the investee, a bona fide offer to purchase, an offer by the investee to sell, or a completed auction process for the same or similar securities for an amount less than the carrying amount of the investments in those securities. If an impairment exists, a loss is recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the investment. Gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of non-marketable equity securities, including impairment, are recorded through other income, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company separately presents investments in non-marketable equity securities within long-term assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company identified an impairment indicator related to one of its investments in a privately held company. The Company reviewed the private company’s forecast and noted significant concerns about the private company’s ability to continue as a going concern. As a result, an impairment charge of $2.9 million was recorded in the year ended December 31, 2023.

Advertising and Promotional Expense

Advertising and promotional expenses are included in sales and marketing expenses within the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and are expensed when incurred.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based awards based on estimated grant-date fair values recognized over the requisite service period. For awards that vest solely based on a service condition, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The compensation expense related to awards with performance conditions is recognized over the requisite service period when the performance conditions are probable of being achieved. The compensation expense related to awards with market conditions is recognized on an accelerated attribution basis over the requisite service period identified as the derived service period over which the market conditions are expected to be achieved and is not reversed if the market condition is not satisfied. See Note 11, Stock-Based Compensation, for more information. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. If an employee stock-based award is canceled without the concurrent grant or offer of a replacement award, the cancellation is treated as a settlement for no consideration and any previously unrecognized compensation cost shall be recognized at the cancellation date. Stock-based awards granted to employees are primarily stock options and restricted stock units.

The Company has primarily granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”), which have a service-based (and in certain circumstances, performance-based) vesting condition over a four-year period, to its employees and members of the Board of Directors since the start of 2021. The Board of Directors determines the fair value of each share of underlying common stock based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant. The Company has also issued equity awards in Aarki, Inc. (“Aarki”) to certain key employees of Aarki. See Note 5, Spin-Off Transaction.

For awards with market conditions, the Company determines the grant date fair value utilizing a Monte Carlo valuation model, which incorporates various assumptions including expected stock price volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rates, expected date of a qualifying event, expected capital raise percentage and market capitalization milestones. Given the Company’s limited market trading history, it has estimated the volatility of its common stock on the date of grant of awards with market conditions based on the weighted average historical stock price volatility of comparable publicly-traded companies in its industry group. The Company estimated the expected term of its awards with market conditions based on various exercise scenarios, as these awards are not considered “plain vanilla.” The Company utilized a risk-free interest rate based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The Company estimated the expected date of a qualifying event, the expected capital raise percentage and the expected achievement date of market capitalization milestones based on management’s expectations at the time of measurement of the award’s value.

Indirect Tax Liabilities

We are subject to indirect taxes such as sales and use tax in the United States and value-add tax in certain foreign jurisdictions, respectively. Indirect tax liabilities are adjusted considering changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of a tax examination, further interpretation of existing tax law, or new tax law. We recognize changes to our estimate if it is estimable and probable that our position would not be sustainable upon examination by taxing authorities. Although management believes our recorded liabilities are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the final tax outcomes of these matters will not be different from that which our liabilities are based on. To the extent that final tax outcomes of these matters are different than the amounts recorded, such differences could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements as the Company records related tax reserves as a reduction in revenue, and penalties and interest in general and administrative expenses.

Segments

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. Effective beginning in the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company had two operating and reportable segments. See Note 14, Segment Reporting.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose specific tax rate reconciliation categories, as well as income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, amongst other disclosure enhancements. The ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards,” which provides illustrative guidance to help entities determine whether profits interest and similar awards should be accounted for as share-based payment arrangements within the scope of FASB Accounting Standards Codification (FASB ASC) 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. ASU 2024-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. The Company currently expects that this ASU will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose information about their reportable segments’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU is required to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements once adopted. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard.