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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 12 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
1. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation – The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Riverview Bancorp, Inc.; its wholly-owned subsidiary, Riverview Community Bank (the "Bank"); and the Bank's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Riverview Services, Inc. and Riverview Trust Company (the "Trust Company") (collectively referred to as the "Company"). Effective May 24, 2016, Riverview Asset Management Corp. changed its name to Riverview Trust Company. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. As of March 31, 2015, a noncontrolling interest owner held a 10% interest in the Trust Company. During December 2015, the Trust Company repurchased all the remaining shares held by its noncontrolling interest owner. The purchase price of these shares was based on two third party appraisals of the Trust Company. Upon repurchase these shares were retired. This transaction resulted in the Bank's ownership of the Trust Company increasing from 90% at March 31, 2015 to 100% at March 31, 2016. On September 29, 2016, Riverview Bancorp, Inc. and Riverview Community Bank entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement ("MBank transaction") with Merchants Bancorp and its wholly owned subsidiary, MBank, of Gresham, Oregon under which Riverview Community Bank purchased certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of MBank in a cash transaction. As part of the MBank transaction, Riverview Bancorp, Inc. assumed the obligations of Merchant Bancorp's trust preferred securities. The transaction was completed on February 17, 2017. The MBank transaction was accounted for as a business combination pursuant to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("generally accepted accounting principles" or "GAAP"). The results of operations of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements as of the acquisition date. See Note 3 for additional discussion. The Company has three subsidiary grantor trusts which were established in connection with the issuance of trust preferred securities (see Note 11). In accordance with GAAP, the accounts and transactions of the trusts are not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Nature of Operations – The Bank is a community-oriented financial institution which operates 19 branches in rural and suburban communities in southwest Washington State and Multnomah, Washington and Marion counties of Oregon. The Bank is engaged primarily in the business of attracting deposits from the general public and using such funds, together with other borrowings, to invest in various commercial business, commercial real estate, land, multi-family real estate, real estate construction and consumer loans. Additionally, the Trust Company offers trust and investment services. Business segments – The Company's operations are managed along two operating segments, consisting of banking operations performed by the Bank and trust and investment services performed by the Trust Company. While the chief operating decision maker uses financial information related to these segments to analyze business performance and allocate resources, the trust and investment services segment does not meet the quantitative threshold under GAAP to be considered a reportable segment. As such, these operating segments are aggregated into a single reportable operating segment in the consolidated financial statements. No revenues are derived from foreign countries. Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of related revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include amounts on hand, due from banks and interest-earning deposits in other banks. Cash and cash equivalents have a maturity of 90 days or less at the time of purchase. Certificates of Deposit Held for Investment – Certificates of deposit held for investment include amounts invested with financial institutions at a stated interest rate and maturity date. Early withdraw penalties apply; however, the Company plans to hold these investments to maturity. Loans Held for Sale – The Company identifies loans held for sale at the time of origination and such loans are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value. Estimated fair values are derived from available market quotations for comparable pools of mortgage loans. Adjustments for unrealized losses, if any, are charged to income. Gains or losses on sales of loans held for sale are recognized at the time of sale and are determined by the difference between the net sales proceeds and the allocated basis of these loans sold. The Company capitalizes mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs") acquired through the sale of originated mortgage loans or the securitization of mortgage loans with servicing rights retained. Upon sale of mortgage loans held for sale, the total cost of the loans designated for sale is allocated to mortgage loans with and without MSRs based on their relative fair values. The MSRs are included as a component of net gains on sales of loans held for sale. The MSRs are amortized in proportion to and over the estimated period of the net servicing income and such amortization is reflected as a component of loan servicing income and is included in the consolidated statements of income in other non-interest income. Investment Securities – Investment securities are classified as held to maturity when the Company has the ability and positive intent to hold such securities to maturity. Investment securities held to maturity are carried at amortized cost. Unrealized losses on investment securities held to maturity due to fluctuations in fair value are recognized when it is determined that a credit-related other than temporary decline in value has occurred. Investment securities bought and held principally for the purpose of sale in the near term are classified as trading securities. Investment securities that the Company intends to hold for an indefinite period, but not necessarily to maturity, are classified as available for sale. Such securities may be sold to implement the Company's asset/liability management strategies and in response to changes in interest rates and similar factors. Investment securities available for sale are reported at estimated fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available for sale, net of the related deferred tax effect, are included in total comprehensive income and are reported as a net amount in a separate component of shareholders' equity entitled "accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)." Realized gains and losses on sales of investment securities available for sale, determined using the specific identification method, are included in earnings on the trade date. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are recognized in interest income over the period to contractual maturity or expected call, if sooner. The Company analyzes investment securities for OTTI on a quarterly basis. OTTI is separated into a credit component and noncredit component. Credit component losses are reported in non-interest income when the present value of expected future cash flows is less than the amortized cost. Noncredit component losses are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) when the Company (1) does not intend to sell the security or (2) is not more likely than not to have to sell the security prior to the security's anticipated recovery. If the Company is likely to sell an investment security, any noncredit component losses are recognized and are reported in non-interest income. Loans Receivable – Loans are stated at the amount of unpaid principal, reduced by deferred loan origination fees and an allowance for loan losses. Interest on loans is accrued daily based on the principal amount outstanding. Loans are reviewed regularly and it is the Company's general policy that a loan is past due when it is 30 days to 89 days delinquent. In general, when a loan is 90 days delinquent or when collection of principal or interest appears doubtful, it is placed on non-accrual status, at which time the accrual of interest ceases and a reserve for unrecoverable accrued interest is established and charged against operations. As a general practice, payments received on non-accrual loans are applied to reduce the outstanding principal balance on a cost recovery method. Also as a general practice, a loan is not removed from non-accrual status until all delinquent principal, interest and late fees have been brought current and the borrower has demonstrated a history of performance based upon the contractual terms of the note. A history of repayment performance generally would be a minimum of six months. Loan origination and commitment fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment of the yield of the related loan. Acquired Loans – Purchased loans, including loans acquired in business combinations, are recorded at their fair value at the acquisition date. Credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value; therefore, an allowance for loan losses is not recorded at the acquisition date. Acquired loans are evaluated upon acquisition and classified as either purchased credit-impaired ("PCI") or purchased non-credit-impaired. PCI loans reflect credit deterioration since origination such that it is probable at acquisition that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. The excess of the cash flows expected to be collected over a PCI loan's carrying value is considered to be the accretable yield and is recognized as interest income over the estimated life of the PCI loan using the effective yield method. The excess of the undiscounted contractual balances due over the cash flows expected to be collected is considered to be the nonaccretable difference. The nonaccretable difference represents the Company's estimate of the credit losses expected to occur and would be considered in determining the fair value of the loans as of the acquisition date. Subsequent to the acquisition date, any increases in expected cash flows over those expected at purchase date in excess of fair value are adjusted through a change to the accretable yield on a prospective basis. Any subsequent decreases in expected cash flows attributable to credit deterioration are recognized by recording an allowance for loan losses. The Company determined there were no PCI loans acquired in connection with the MBank transaction. For purchased non-credit-impaired loans, the difference between the fair value and unpaid principal balance of the loan at the acquisition date is amortized or accreted to interest income over the life of the loans. Any subsequent deterioration in credit quality is recognized by recording an allowance for loan losses. Allowance for Loan Losses – The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for estimated loan losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. The allowance is provided based upon management's ongoing quarterly assessment of the pertinent factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio. These factors include changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency levels, actual loan loss experience, current economic conditions and detailed analysis of individual loans for which full collectability may not be assured. The detailed analysis includes techniques to estimate the fair value of loan collateral and the existence of potential alternative sources of repayment. The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are considered impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value (less estimated selling costs, if applicable) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-impaired loans based on the Company's risk rating system and historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. The Company calculates its historical loss rates using the average of the last four quarterly 24-month periods. The Company calculates and applies its historical loss rates by individual loan types in its portfolio. These historical loss rates are adjusted for qualitative and environmental factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that the Company believes have resulted in incurred losses that have not yet been allocated to specific elements of the general and specific components of the allowance for loan losses. Such factors include uncertainties in economic conditions, uncertainties in identifying triggering events that directly correlate to subsequent loss rates, changes in appraised value of underlying collateral, risk factors that have not yet manifested themselves in loss allocation factors and historical loss experience data that may not precisely correspond to the current portfolio or economic conditions. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. The appropriate allowance level is estimated based upon factors and trends identified by the Company as of the date of the filing of the consolidated financial statements. When available information confirms that specific loans or portions thereof are uncollectible, identified amounts are charged against the allowance for loan losses. The existence of some or all of the following criteria will generally confirm that a loss has been incurred: the loan is significantly delinquent and the borrower has not demonstrated the ability or intent to bring the loan current; the Company has no recourse to the borrower, or if it does, the borrower has insufficient assets to pay the debt; and/or the estimated fair value of the loan collateral is significantly below the current loan balance, and there is little or no near-term prospect for improvement. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due (principal and interest) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Typically, factors used in determining if a loan is impaired include, but are not limited to, whether the loan is 90 days or more delinquent, internally designated as substandard or worse, on non-accrual status or represents a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR"). The majority of the Company's impaired loans are considered collateral dependent. When a loan is considered collateral dependent, impairment is measured using the estimated value of the underlying collateral, less any prior liens, and when applicable, less estimated selling costs. For impaired loans that are not collateral dependent, impairment is measured using the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate. When the estimated net realizable value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest, net deferred loan fees or costs, and unamortized premium or discount), an impairment is recognized by adjusting an allocation of the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent to the initial allocation of allowance to the individual loan, the Company may conclude that it is appropriate to record a charge-off of the impaired portion of the loan. When a charge-off is recorded, the loan balance is reduced and the specific allowance is eliminated. Generally, when a collateral dependent loan is initially measured for impairment and has not had an appraisal of the collateral in the last six months, the Company obtains an updated market valuation. Subsequently, the Company generally obtains an updated market valuation of the collateral on an annual basis. The collateral valuation may occur more frequently if the Company determines that there is an indication that the market value may have declined. In accordance with the Company's policy guidelines, unsecured loans are generally charged-off when no payments have been received for three consecutive months unless an alternative action plan is in effect. Consumer installment loans delinquent six months or more that have not received at least 75% of their required monthly payment in the last 90 days are charged-off. In addition, loans discharged in bankruptcy proceedings are charged-off. Loans under bankruptcy protection with no payments received for four consecutive months are charged-off. The outstanding balance of a secured loan that is in excess of the net realizable value is generally charged-off if no payments are received for four to five consecutive months. However, charge-offs are postponed if alternative proposals to restructure, obtain additional guarantors, obtain additional assets as collateral or a potential sale of the underlying collateral would result in full repayment of the outstanding loan balance. Once any other potential sources of repayment are exhausted, the impaired portion of the loan is charged-off. Regardless of whether a loan is unsecured or collateralized, once an amount is determined to be a confirmed loan loss it is promptly charged off. A provision for loan losses is charged against income and is added to the allowance for loan losses based on regular assessments of the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is allocated to certain loan categories based on the relative risk characteristics, asset classifications and actual loss experience of the loan portfolio. While management has allocated the allowance for loan losses to various loan portfolio segments, the allowance is general in nature and is available for the loan portfolio in its entirety. Management's evaluation of the allowance for loan losses is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments of the known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. Loss factors are based on the Company's historical loss experience with additional consideration and adjustments made for changes in economic conditions, changes in the amount and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency rates, changes in collateral values, seasoning of the loan portfolio, duration of the current business cycle, a detailed analysis of impaired loans and other factors as deemed appropriate. These factors are evaluated on a quarterly basis. Loss rates used by the Company are affected as changes in these factors increase or decrease from quarter to quarter. In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company's allowance for loan losses and may require the Company to make additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examinations. Allowance for Unfunded Loan Commitments – The allowance for unfunded loan commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb estimated probable losses related to these unfunded credit facilities. The determination of the adequacy of the allowance is based on periodic evaluations of the unfunded credit facilities including an assessment of the probability of commitment usage, credit risk factors for loans outstanding to these same customers, and the terms and expiration dates of the unfunded credit facilities. The allowance for unfunded loan commitments is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, with changes to the balance charged against non-interest expense. Real Estate Owned ("REO") – REO consists of properties acquired through foreclosure and is initially recorded at the estimated fair value of the properties, less estimated costs of disposal. At the time of foreclosure, specific charge-offs are taken against the allowance for loan losses based upon a detailed analysis of the fair value of collateral on the underlying loans on which the Company is in the process of foreclosing. Subsequently, the Company performs an evaluation of the properties and records a valuation allowance with an offsetting charge to real estate owned expenses for any declines in value. Management considers third-party appraisals, as well as independent fair market value assessments from realtors or persons involved in selling real estate, in determining the estimated fair value of particular properties. In addition, as certain of these third-party appraisals and independent fair market value assessments are only updated periodically, changes in the values of specific properties may have occurred subsequent to the most recent appraisals. The amounts the Company will ultimately recover and record in the accompanying consolidated financial statements from the disposition of REO may differ from the amounts used in arriving at the net carrying value of these assets because of future market factors beyond the Company's control or because of changes in the Company's strategy for the sale of the property. Costs relating to development and improvement of the properties or assets are capitalized, while costs relating to holding the properties or assets are expensed. Federal Home Loan Bank Stock – The Bank, as a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines ("FHLB"), is required to maintain a minimum investment in capital stock of the FHLB based on specific percentages of its outstanding advances from the FHLB. The Company views its investment in FHLB stock as a long-term investment. Accordingly, when evaluating FHLB stock for impairment, the value is determined based on the ultimate redemption of the par value rather than recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate redemption value is influenced by criteria such as: (1) the significance of any decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount of the FHLB and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, the customer base of the FHLB, and (4) the liquidity position of the FHLB. The Company evaluated its investment in FHLB stock for OTTI, consistent with its accounting policy. Based on the Company's evaluation of the underlying investment, including the long-term nature of the investment, the liquidity position of the FHLB and the Company's intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to be able to redeem its investment at par value, the Company determined there is not any OTTI on its FHLB stock at March 31, 2017. Premises and Equipment – Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the estimated term of the lease or the estimated useful life of the improvements, whichever is less. Depreciation is generally computed on the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: building and improvements – up to 45 years; furniture and equipment – three to twenty years; and leasehold improvements – fifteen to twenty-five years, or estimated lease term if shorter. Gains or losses on dispositions are reflected in earnings. The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to expense as incurred. Assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying value may not be recoverable. If management determines impairment exists the asset is reduced by an offsetting charge to expense. The Company's capitalized lease, less accumulated amortization is included in premises and equipment. The capitalized lease is amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and the amortization is included in depreciation and amortization expense. MSRs – The Company services certain loans that it has originated and sold to the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"). Loan servicing includes collecting payments: remitting funds to investors, insurance companies and tax authorities; collecting delinquent payments; and foreclosing on properties when necessary. Fees earned for servicing loans for the FHLMC are reported as income when the related mortgage loan payments are collected. Loan servicing costs are charged to expense as incurred. In addition, the Company has recorded MSRs, which represent the rights to service loans. The Company records its originated MSRs at fair value in accordance with GAAP, which requires the Company to allocate the total cost of all mortgage loans sold to the MSRs and the loans (without the MSRs) based on their relative fair values if it is practicable to estimate those fair values. The Company stratifies its MSRs based on the predominant characteristics of the underlying financial assets including the coupon interest rate and the contractual maturity of the mortgage. An estimated fair value of MSRs is determined quarterly using a discounted cash flow model. The model estimates the present value of the future net cash flows of the servicing portfolio based on various factors, such as servicing costs, servicing income, expected prepayment speeds, discount rate, loan maturity and interest rate. Market sources are used to determine prepayment speeds, ancillary income, servicing cost and pre-tax required yield. The effect of changes in market interest rates on estimated rates of loan prepayments represents the predominant risk characteristic underlying the MSRs portfolio. The Company is amortizing the MSRs in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. MSRs are reviewed quarterly for impairment based on their estimated fair value. The estimated fair value of the MSRs, for the purposes of impairment, is measured using the methods described above. Impairment losses are recognized through a valuation allowance for each impaired stratum, with any associated provision recorded as a component of loan servicing income. Business Combinations, Core Deposit Intangibles and Goodwill – GAAP requires the total purchase price in a business combination to be allocated to the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including certain intangible assets. Subsequent adjustments to the initial allocation of the purchase price may be made related to fair value estimates for which all relevant information has not been obtained, known, or discovered relating to the acquired entity during the allocation period (which is the period of time required to identify and measure the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination). The allocation period is generally limited to one year following consummation of a business combination. CDI represents the value assigned to demand, interest checking, money market and savings accounts acquired as part of an acquisition. CDI represents the future economic benefit of the potential cost savings from acquiring core deposits as part of an acquisition compared to the cost of alternative funding sources. CDI is amortized to non-interest expense using an accelerated method based on an estimated runoff of related deposits over a period of ten years. CDI is evaluated for impairment and recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable, with any changes in estimated useful life accounted for prospectively over the revised remaining life. The Company recorded CDI of approximately $1.36 million in connection with the assumption of the MBank deposits during the year ended March 31, 2017 (see Note 3). At March 31, 2017, gross CDI and accumulated amortization were approximately $1.36 million and $27,000, respectively. The estimated amortization expense for CDI in future years is estimated to be $232,000, $183,000, $160,000, $140,000, $125,000, and $495,000 for fiscal years ended March 31, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and thereafter, respectively. Goodwill and certain other intangibles generally arise from business combinations. Goodwill and other intangibles generated from business combinations that are deemed to have indefinite lives are not subject to amortization and are instead tested for impairment not less than annually. The Company performs an annual review in the third quarter of each year, or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment exist, to determine if the recorded goodwill is impaired. BOLI – BOLI policies are recorded at their cash surrender value less applicable surrender charges. Income from BOLI is recognized when earned. Advertising and Marketing – Costs incurred for advertising, merchandising, market research, community investment and business development are classified as advertising and marketing expense and are expensed as incurred. Income Taxes – Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, a deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the enacted tax rates which will be in effect when the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax basis of existing assets and liabilities are expected to be reported in the Company's income tax returns. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established to reduce the net carrying amount of deferred tax assets if it is determined to be more likely than not, that all or some portion of the potential deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return. The Bank provides for income taxes separately and remits to the Company amounts currently due. Transfer of financial assets – Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity. Trust Assets – Assets held by the Trust Company in a fiduciary or agency capacity for trust customers are not included in the consolidated financial statements because such items are not assets of the Company. Assets totaling $425.9 million and $389.1 million were held in trust as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Earnings Per Share – GAAP requires all companies whose capital structure includes dilutive potential common shares to make a dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share for all periods presented. The Company's basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, excluding restricted stock and unallocated shares owned by the ESOP. The Company's diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and has been computed after giving consideration to the weighted average diluted effect of the Company's stock options. Stock-Based Compensation – The Company measures compensation cost for all stock-based awards based on the grant-date fair value of the awards and recognizes compensation cost over the service period of stock-based awards. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. ESOP – The Company sponsors a leveraged ESOP. As shares are released, compensation expense is recorded equal to the then current market price of the shares and the shares become available for earnings per share calculations. The Company records cash dividends on unallocated shares as a reduction of debt and accrued interest. New Accounting Pronouncements – In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 implements a common revenue standard that clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, an entity should apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual periods, and interim reporting periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company's primary source of revenue is interest income, which is recognized when earned and is deemed to be in compliance with this ASU. Accordingly, the adoption of ASU 2014-09 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements. In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, "Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("ASU 2016-01"). The main provisions of ASU 2016-01 address the valuation and impairment of certain equity investments along with simplified disclosures about those investments. Equity securities with readily determinable fair values will be treated in the same manner as other financial instruments. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases" ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities in the balance sheet and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. The principal change required by ASU 2016-02 relates to lessee accounting, and is that for operating leases, a lessee is required to (1) recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position, (2) recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis, and (3) classify all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ASU 2016-02 also changes disclosure requirements related to leasing activities and requires certain qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application of ASU 2016-02 is permitted. The effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" ("ASU 2016-13"). ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred losses methodology for estimating allowances with a current expected credit losses methodology with respect to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held to maturity investment securities and off-balance sheet commitments. In addition, ASU 2016-13 requires credit losses relating to available for sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than a reduction of carrying amount. ASU 2016-13 also changes the accounting for PCI debt securities and loans. Upon adoption, the Company expects a change in the processes and procedures to calculate the allowance for loan losses, including changes in assumptions and estimates to consider expected credit losses over the life of the loan versus the current accounting practice that utilizes the incurred loss model. At this time, we anticipate the allowance for loan losses will increase as a result of the implementation of this ASU. In addition, the current accounting policy and procedures for other-than-temporary impairment on investment securities available for sale will be replaced with an allowance approach. The Company is reviewing the requirements of ASU 2016-13 and expects to begin developing and implementing processes and procedures to ensure it is fully compliant with the amendments at the adoption date. ASU 2016-13 retains many of the current disclosure requirements in GAAP and expands certain disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Intangibles – Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" ("ASU 2017-04"). ASU 2017-04 simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill and eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. In computing the implied fair value of goodwill under Step 2, an entity had to perform procedures to determine the fair value at the impairment testing date of its assets and liabilities (including unrecognized assets and liabilities) following the procedure that would be required in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application of ASU 2017-04 is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements. Reclassification – Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation; such reclassifications had no effect on previously reported net income or total equity.

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