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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

12.	FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

GAAP defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires certain disclosures about fair value measurements. The categories of fair value measurement prescribed by GAAP and used in the tables presented under fair value measurements are as follows:

Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1): Inputs that are quoted unadjusted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. An active market is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Other observable inputs (Level 2): Inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets and inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): Inputs that reflect the reporting entity's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

Financial instruments are presented in the tables that follow by recurring or nonrecurring measurement status. Recurring assets are initially measured at fair value and are required to be remeasured at fair value in the consolidated financial statements at each reporting date. Assets measured on a nonrecurring basis are assets that, as a result of an event or circumstance, were required to be remeasured at fair value after initial recognition in the consolidated financial statements at some time during the reporting period.

The following tables present assets that are measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated (in thousands):

			Estimated Fair Value Measurements Using
December 31, 2017	Total Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

Investment securities available for sale:
Municipal securities	$	9,980	$	-	$	9,980	$	-
Agency securities		22,217		-		22,217		-
Real estate mortgage investment conduits		49,395		-		49,395		-
Residential mortgage-backed securities		94,633		-		94,633		-
Other mortgage-backed securities		48,706		-		48,706		-
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	224,931	$	-	$	224,931	$	-

March 31, 2017

Investment securities available for sale:
Municipal securities	$	2,819	$	-	$	2,819	$	-
Agency securities		16,808		-		16,808		-
Real estate mortgage investment conduits		43,160		-		43,160		-
Residential mortgage-backed securities		96,611		-		96,611		-
Other mortgage-backed securities		40,816		-		40,816		-
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	200,214	$	-	$	200,214	$	-

There were no transfers of assets into or out of Level 1, 2 or 3 for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The following methods were used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments above:

Investment securities – Investment securities are included within Level 1 of the hierarchy when quoted prices in an active market for identical assets are available. The Company uses a third-party pricing service to assist the Company in determining the fair value of its Level 2 securities, which incorporates pricing models and/or quoted prices of investment securities with similar characteristics. Investment securities are included within Level 3 of the hierarchy when there are significant unobservable inputs.

For Level 2 securities, the independent pricing service provides pricing information by utilizing evaluated pricing models supported with market data information. Standard inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data from market research publications. The Company's third-party pricing service has established processes for the Company to submit inquiries regarding the estimated fair value. In such cases, the Company's third-party pricing service will review the inputs to the evaluation in light of any new market data presented by the Company. The Company's third-party pricing service may then affirm the original estimated fair value or may update the evaluation on a go-forward basis.

Management reviews the pricing information received from the third-party pricing service through a combination of procedures that include an evaluation of methodologies used by the pricing service, analytical reviews and performance analysis of the prices against statistics and trends. Based on this review, management determines whether the current placement of the security in the fair value hierarchy is appropriate or whether transfers may be warranted. As necessary, the Company compares prices received from the pricing service to discounted cash flow models or by performing independent valuations of inputs and assumptions similar to those used by the pricing service in order to help ensure prices represent a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The following tables present assets that are measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis at the dates indicated (in thousands):

			Estimated Fair Value Measurements Using
December 31, 2017	Total Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

Impaired loans	$	2,170	$	-	$	-	$	2,170

March 31, 2017

Impaired loans	$	2,281	$	-	$	-	$	2,281

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 inputs for financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2017:

The following methods were used to estimate the fair values:

Impaired loans – For information regarding the Company's method for estimating the fair value of impaired loans, see Note 8 – Allowance For Loan Losses.

In determining the estimated net realizable value of the underlying collateral, the Company primarily uses third-party appraisals which may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available and include consideration of variations in location, size, and income production capacity of the property. Additionally, the appraisals are periodically further adjusted by the Company in consideration of charges that may be incurred in the event of foreclosure and are based on management's historical knowledge, changes in business factors and changes in market conditions.

Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated quarterly for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly based on the same factors identified above. Because of the high degree of judgment required in estimating the fair value of collateral underlying impaired loans and because of the relationship between fair value and general economic conditions, the Company considers the fair value of impaired loans to be highly sensitive to changes in market conditions.

The following disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments is made in accordance with GAAP. The Company, using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies, has determined the estimated fair value amounts. However, considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data in the development of the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in the future. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of financial instruments is as follows at the dates indicated (in thousands):

December 31, 2017	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 2		Estimated Fair Value
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	23,105	$	23,105	$	-	$	-	$	23,105
Certificates of deposit held for investment		6,963		-		6,966		-		6,966
Loans held for sale		351		-		351		-		351
Investment securities available for sale		224,931		-		224,931		-		224,931
Investment securities held to maturity		44		-		45		-		45
Loans receivable, net		786,460		-		-		759,663		759,663
FHLB stock		1,223		-		1,223		-		1,223

Liabilities:
Demand and savings deposits		841,321		841,321		-		-		841,321
Time deposits		130,893		-		129,412		-		129,412
FHLB advances		1,050		-		1,050		-		1,050
Junior subordinated debentures		26,461		-		-		14,338		14,338
Capital lease obligation		2,437		-		2,437		-		2,437

March 31, 2017
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	64,613	$	64,613	$	-	$	-	$	64,613
Certificates of deposit held for investment		11,042		-		11,108		-		11,108
Loans held for sale		478		-		478		-		478
Investment securities available for sale		200,214		-		200,214		-		200,214
Investment securities held to maturity		64		-		66		-		66
Loans receivable, net		768,904		-		-		731,996		731,996
FHLB stock		1,181		-		1,181		-		1,181

Liabilities:
Demand and savings deposits		830,258		830,258		-		-		830,258
Time deposits		149,800		-		148,574		-		148,574
Junior subordinated debentures		26,390		-		-		13,284		13,284
Capital lease obligation		2,454		-		2,454		-		2,454

Fair value estimates were based on existing financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business. The fair value was not estimated for assets and liabilities that were not considered financial instruments.

Fair value estimates, methods and assumptions are set forth below:

Cash and cash equivalents – Fair value approximates the carrying amount.

Certificates of deposit held for investment – The fair value of certificates of deposit with stated maturities was based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate was estimated using rates currently available in the local market.

Investment securities – See the description above.

Loans receivable and loans held for sale – Loans receivable were priced using a discounted cash flow analysis. The fair value of loans held for sale was based on the loans' carrying values, as the agreements to sell these loans are short-term fixed-rate commitments, and no material difference between the carrying value and expected sales price is deemed likely.

FHLB stock – Fair value approximates the carrying amount.

Deposits – The fair value of deposits with no stated maturities such as non-interest-bearing demand deposits, interest checking, money market and savings accounts was equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of time deposits with stated maturities was based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate was estimated using rates currently available in the local market.

FHLB advances – The fair value of FHLB advances was based on the carrying value as the advances are overnight (short-term) advances.

Junior subordinated debentures – The fair value of the Debentures was based on the discounted cash flow method. Management believes that the discount rate utilized is indicative of those that would be used by market participants for similar types of debentures.

Capital lease obligation – The fair value of the Company's capital lease obligation is estimated by discounting the cash flows through maturity based on current rates available to the Company for borrowings with similar maturities.

Off-balance sheet financial instruments – The estimated fair value of loan commitments approximates fees recorded associated with such commitments. Since the majority of the Company's off-balance-sheet financial instruments consist of non-fee producing, variable rate commitments, the Company has determined that they do not have a distinguishable fair value.

Valuation

Technique

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Impaired loans

Appraised value

Adjustment for market conditions

⁽¹⁾ There were no adjustments to appraised values of impaired loans as of December 31, 2017 or March 31, 2017.