BASIS OF PRESENTATION (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with instructions for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all disclosures necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). However, all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been included. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Riverview Bancorp, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2018 ("2018 Form 10-K"). The unaudited consolidated results of operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire fiscal year ending March 31, 2019.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

On February 17, 2017, Riverview Bancorp, Inc. and Riverview Community Bank (the "Bank") completed a purchase and assumption transaction in which the Bank purchased certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of MBank, the wholly-owned subsidiary of Merchants Bancorp (the "MBank transaction"). In addition, as part of the MBank transaction, Riverview Bancorp, Inc. assumed the obligations of Merchant Bancorp's trust preferred securities. The MBank transaction was accounted for as a business combination pursuant to GAAP. The results of operations of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements as of and for the periods since the acquisition date. See Note 3 for additional discussion.

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, a deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the enacted tax rates which will be in effect when the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax basis of existing assets and liabilities are expected to be reported in the Company's income tax returns. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act") was enacted on December 22, 2017, and – among other provisions – lowered the federal corporate income tax rate. As a result, the Company revalued its deferred tax assets and liabilities during the third quarter of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018. In addition, the Company utilized a blended tax rate for its fiscal year ended March 31, 2018 given the Tax Act lowered the federal corporate tax rate effective January 1, 2018. For the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018 and for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2019, the Company will utilize the enacted federal corporate income tax rate pursuant to the Tax Act.

In September 2018, the Bank completed a purchase and assumption transaction in which all of the Bank's Longview, Washington branch deposits were sold to a community bank headquartered in Longview. The Bank sold approximately $3.2 million of deposits and recognized a gain on sale of these deposits of approximately $70,000 in the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2018. This gain on sale of deposits is included in other non-interest income in the accompanying unaudited consolidated statements of income. This purchase and assumption transaction did not include the sale of any loans, or exchange of any assets or liabilities other than deposits. The Bank subsequently sold the Longview branch land and building in December 2018 and recognized a $355,000 gain on sale which is included in other non-interest expense in the accompanying unaudited statements of income for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation; such reclassifications had no effect on previously reported net income or total equity.

PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Riverview Bancorp, Inc.; its wholly-owned subsidiary, Riverview Community Bank; and the Bank's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Riverview Services, Inc. and Riverview Trust Company (the "Trust Company") (collectively referred to as the "Company"). All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

As of December 31, 2018, the Trust Company had 2,500 Trust Company stock options outstanding which had been granted to the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Trust Company. During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018, the Trust Company incurred $12,000 and $34,000, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to these options. During the year ended March 31, 2018, the Trust Company incurred $88,000 of stock-based compensation expense related to these options. None of the Trust Company stock options were exercised as of December 31, 2018.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASU 2014-09"), which created FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606 ("ASC 606"). ASC 606 implements a common revenue standard that clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue. The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, an entity should apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. ASC 606 was effective for annual periods, and interim reporting periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted ASC 606 on April 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. Therefore, the comparative information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported under superseded ASC 605. There was no cumulative effect adjustment as of April 1, 2018, and there were no material changes to the timing or amount of revenue recognized for the nine months ended December 31, 2018; however, additional disclosures were incorporated in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption. The majority of the Company's revenue is comprised of interest income from financial assets, which is explicitly excluded from the scope of ASC 606. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient pursuant to ASC 606 and therefore does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have an original expected term of one year or less and allows the Company to expense costs related to obtaining a contract as incurred when the amortization period would have been one year or less. See Note 14 for additional discussion.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, "Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("ASU 2016-01"). ASU 2016-01 generally requires equity investments – except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee – to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. However, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. ASU 2016-01 is intended to simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. ASU 2016-01 also eliminates certain disclosures related to the fair value of financial instruments and requires entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. ASU 2016-01 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU on April 1, 2018. As required by ASU 2016-01, the fair value disclosure for loans receivable was computed using an exit price notion and deposits with no stated maturity are no longer included in the fair value disclosures in Note 12.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases" ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities in the balance sheet and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. The principal change required by ASU 2016-02 relates to lessee accounting, and is that for operating leases, a lessee is required to (1) recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position, (2) recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term generally on a straight-line basis, and (3) classify all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ASU 2016-02 also changes disclosure requirements related to leasing activities and requires certain qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application of ASU 2016-02 is permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, "Leases (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements" ("ASU 2018-11"). The amendments in this ASU provide entities with an additional (and optional) transition method to adopt ASU 2016-02. Under this new transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Consequently, an entity's reporting for the comparative periods presented in the financial statements in which it adopts the new leases standard will continue to be in accordance with current GAAP. The effect of adoption will depend on leases at the time of adoption. Once adopted, the Company expects to report a greater amount of assets and liabilities as a result of including right-of-use assets and lease liabilities related to certain non-cancelable operating lease agreements; however, based on current leases, the adoption of ASU 2016-02 and ASU 2018-11 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" ("ASU 2016-13"). ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred losses methodology for estimating allowances with a current expected credit losses methodology with respect to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held to maturity investment securities and off-balance sheet commitments. In addition, ASU 2016-13 requires credit losses relating to available for sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction of carrying amount. ASU 2016-13 also changes the accounting for PCI debt securities and loans. ASU 2016-13 retains many of the current disclosure requirements in GAAP and expands certain disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Upon adoption, the Company expects a change in the processes and procedures to calculate the allowance for loan losses, including changes in assumptions and estimates to consider expected credit losses over the life of the loan versus the current accounting practice that utilizes the incurred loss model. In addition, the current accounting policy and procedures for other-than-temporary impairment on investment securities available for sale will be replaced with an allowance approach. The Company is reviewing the requirements of ASU 2016-13 and has begun developing and implementing processes and procedures to ensure it is fully compliant with the amendments at the adoption date. At this time, management anticipates the allowance for loan losses will increase as a result of the implementation of ASU 2016-13; however, until its evaluation is complete, the magnitude of the increase will not be known.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Intangibles – Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" ("ASU 2017-04"). ASU 2017-04 simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill and eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. In computing the implied fair value of goodwill under Step 2, an entity had to perform procedures to determine the fair value at the impairment testing date of its assets and liabilities (including unrecognized assets and liabilities) following the procedure that would be required in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application of ASU 2017-04 is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, "Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs: Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities" ("ASU 2017-08"). ASU 2017-08 shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to the earliest call date. ASU 2017-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2017-08 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, "Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income: Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" ("ASU 2018-02"). ASU 2018-02 allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Act. The amount of the reclassification would be calculated on the basis of the difference between the historical and newly enacted tax rates for deferred tax liabilities and assets related to items within AOCI. ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2018-02 should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the federal corporate tax rate is recognized. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2018-02 and, as a result, reclassified $342,000 of stranded tax effects from AOCI to retained earnings in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement" ("ASU 2018-13"). ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The following disclosure requirements were removed from ASC Topic 820 – Fair Value Measurement: (1) the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; (2) the policy for timing of transfers between levels; and (3) the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 clarifies that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. In addition, ASU 2018-13 adds new disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract" ("ASU 2018-15"). The amendments in ASU 2018-15 broaden the scope of ASC Subtopic 350-40 to include costs incurred to implement a hosting arrangement that is a service contract. The amendments align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The costs are capitalized or expensed depending on the nature of the costs and the project stage during which they are incurred, consistent with the accounting for internal-use software costs. The amendments in ASU 2018-15 result in consistent capitalization of implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract and implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in ASU 2018-15. ASU 2018-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2018-15 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.