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Operating Segments (Tables) | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Schedule of segment financial information | Segment activity for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Upstream |  | Gas Gathering |  | Consolidated
As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2025 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas | ​ | $ | 17,523,917 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 17,523,917
Natural gas liquids | ​ | ​ | 532,270 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 532,270
Oil and condensate | ​ | ​ | 5,994,331 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 5,994,331
Gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 3,737,355 | ​ | ​ | 3,737,355
Intersegment gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,064,223 | ​ | ​ | 1,064,223
​ | ​ | ​ | 24,050,518 | ​ | ​ | 4,801,578 | ​ | ​ | 28,852,096
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Elimination of intersegment revenues | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (1,064,223)
Total consolidated operating revenue(1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 27,787,873
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating costs | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gathering, transportation, and compression | ​ | ​ | 3,978,175 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 3,978,175
Other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 1,240,508 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,240,508
Gathering system operating expenses | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,166,446 | ​ | ​ | 1,166,446
Intersegment other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 1,064,223 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,064,223
Impairment | ​ | ​ | 2,676,669 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 2,676,669
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion | ​ | ​ | 6,065,544 | ​ | ​ | 611,967 | ​ | ​ | 6,677,511
Segment operating income | ​ | $ | 9,025,399 | ​ | $ | 3,023,165 | ​ | $ | 10,984,341
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of segment operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Salary expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,789,792
Stock based compensation | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 771,676
Other general and administrative | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,490,504
Elimination of intersegment other lease operating expenses | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (1,064,223)
Total consolidated operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 7,996,592
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other income (expense) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 32,546
Interest expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (32,117)
Loss on derivative contracts | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,111,693
Other expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (33,338)
Other expense, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,078,784
Net income before income tax expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 9,075,376
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures (2) | ​ | $ | 11,142,744 | ​ | $ | 228,327 | ​ | $ | 11,371,071
Segment assets | ​ | $ | 99,073,244 | ​ | $ | 6,358,460 | ​ | $ | 105,431,704
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total segment assets reconciled to consolidated amounts are as follows: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total segment assets | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 105,431,704
Current assets, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 16,533,328
Other property and equipment | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 883,319
Operating lease right-of-use asset | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 295,317
Restricted cash | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 470,000
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 123,613,668
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Upstream |  | Gas Gathering |  | Consolidated
As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas | ​ | $ | 4,924,209 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 4,924,209
Natural gas liquids | ​ | ​ | 761,407 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 761,407
Oil and condensate | ​ | ​ | 6,228,799 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 6,228,799
Gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 3,380,146 | ​ | ​ | 3,380,146
Intersegment gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 591,907 | ​ | ​ | 591,907
​ | ​ | ​ | 11,914,415 | ​ | ​ | 3,972,053 | ​ | ​ | 15,886,468
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Elimination of intersegment revenues | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (591,907)
Total consolidated operating revenue(1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 15,294,561
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating costs | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gathering, transportation, and compression | ​ | ​ | 2,602,378 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 2,602,378
Other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 815,951 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 815,951
Gathering system operating expenses | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,202,537 | ​ | ​ | 1,202,537
Intersegment other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 591,907 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 591,907
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion | ​ | ​ | 4,007,320 | ​ | ​ | 421,509 | ​ | ​ | 4,428,829
Segment operating income | ​ | $ | 3,896,859 | ​ | $ | 2,348,007 | ​ | $ | 5,652,959
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of segment operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Salary expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,461,549
Stock based compensation | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 635,158
Other general and administrative | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,575,689
Elimination of intersegment other lease operating expenses | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (591,907)
Total consolidated operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2,572,470
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other income (expense) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 375,215
Interest expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (17,519)
Gain on derivative contracts | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (195,617)
Other expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 101,073
Other income, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 263,152
Net income before income tax expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 2,835,622
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures (2) | ​ | $ | 29,432,084 | ​ | $ | 70,236 | ​ | $ | 29,502,320
Segment assets | ​ | $ | 97,059,040 | ​ | $ | 6,896,509 | ​ | $ | 103,955,549
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total segment assets reconciled to consolidated amounts are as follows: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total segment assets | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 103,955,549
Current assets, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 14,977,407
Other property and equipment | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 919,208
Operating lease right-of-use asset | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 392,792
Restricted cash | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 900,000
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 121,144,956
| (1) | Segment operating revenue represents revenues generated from the operations of the segment. Inter-segment sales during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 have been eliminated upon consolidation. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, Epsilon sold natural gas to 34 unique customers. The one customer over 10% comprised 34% of total revenue. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, Epsilon sold natural gas to 29 unique customers. The three customers over 10% comprised 14%, 11%, and 10% of total revenue.
| (2) | Capital expenditures for the Upstream segment consist primarily of the acquisition of properties, and the drilling and completing of wells while Gas Gathering consists of expenditures relating to the expansion, completion, and maintenance of the gathering and compression facility.
​ ​ ​ ​ Segment activity for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Upstream |  | Gas Gathering |  | Consolidated
As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2025 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas | ​ | $ | 6,910,344 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 6,910,344
Natural gas liquids | ​ | ​ | 145,020 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 145,020
Oil and condensate | ​ | ​ | 2,724,364 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 2,724,364
Gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,845,005 | ​ | ​ | 1,845,005
Intersegment gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 507,365 | ​ | ​ | 507,365
​ | ​ | ​ | 9,779,728 | ​ | ​ | 2,352,370 | ​ | ​ | 12,132,098
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Elimination of intersegment revenues | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (507,365)
Total consolidated operating revenue(1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 11,624,733
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating costs | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gathering, transportation, and compression | ​ | ​ | 1,924,460 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,924,460
Other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 538,325 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 538,325
Gathering system operating expenses | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 613,795 | ​ | ​ | 613,795
Intersegment other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 507,365 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 507,365
Impairment | ​ | ​ | 2,670,000 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 2,670,000
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion | ​ | ​ | 2,919,238 | ​ | ​ | 282,416 | ​ | ​ | 3,201,654
Segment operating income | ​ | $ | 1,220,340 | ​ | $ | 1,456,159 | ​ | $ | 2,169,134
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of segment operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Salary expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 710,122
Stock based compensation | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 385,838
Other general and administrative | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 751,756
Elimination of intersegment other lease operating expenses | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (507,365)
Total consolidated operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 828,783
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other income (expense) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 17,247
Interest expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (19,906)
Gain on derivative contracts | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2,573,863
Other expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (10,839)
Other expense, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2,560,365
Net income before income tax expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 3,389,148
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures (2) | ​ | $ | 3,502,977 | ​ | $ | 124,052 | ​ | $ | 3,627,029
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Upstream |  | Gas Gathering |  | Consolidated
As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas | ​ | $ | 1,961,230 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 1,961,230
Natural gas liquids | ​ | ​ | 388,423 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 388,423
Oil and condensate | ​ | ​ | 3,513,717 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 3,513,717
Gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,444,448 | ​ | ​ | 1,444,448
Intersegment gathering and compression fees | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 277,509 | ​ | ​ | 277,509
​ | ​ | ​ | 5,863,370 | ​ | ​ | 1,721,957 | ​ | ​ | 7,585,327
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of operating revenue | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Elimination of intersegment revenues | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (277,509)
Total consolidated operating revenue(1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 7,307,818
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating costs | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gathering, transportation, and compression | ​ | ​ | 1,231,981 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,231,981
Other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 417,886 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 417,886
Gathering system operating expenses | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 649,967 | ​ | ​ | 649,967
Intersegment other lease operating expense | ​ | ​ | 277,509 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 277,509
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion | ​ | ​ | 1,877,611 | ​ | ​ | 170,792 | ​ | ​ | 2,048,403
Segment operating income | ​ | $ | 2,058,383 | ​ | $ | 901,198 | ​ | $ | 2,682,072
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Reconciliation of segment operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Salary expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 15,838
Stock based compensation | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 313,589
Other general and administrative | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,462,377
Elimination of intersegment other lease operating expenses | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (277,509)
Total consolidated operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,167,777
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other income (expense) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 108,943
Interest expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (8,759)
Gain on derivative contracts | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (94,891)
Other expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 101,606
Other income, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 106,899
Net income before income tax expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 1,274,676
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures (2) | ​ | $ | 9,109,756 | ​ | $ | 47,586 | ​ | $ | 9,157,342
| (3) | Segment operating revenue represents revenues generated from the operations of the segment. Inter-segment sales during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 have been eliminated upon consolidation. For the three months ended June 30, 2025, Epsilon sold natural gas to 31 unique customers. The two customers over 10% comprised 44% and 14% of total revenue. For the three months ended June 30, 2024, Epsilon sold natural gas to 26 unique customers. The three customers over 10% comprised 20%, 15% and 14% of total revenue.
| (4) | Capital expenditures for the Upstream segment consist primarily of the acquisition of properties, and the drilling and completing of wells while Gas Gathering consists of expenditures relating to the expansion, completion, and maintenance of the gathering and compression facility.

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the profit or loss and total assets for each reportable segment. An entity discloses certain information on each reportable segment if the amounts (a) are included in the measure of segment profit or loss reviewed by the chief operating decision maker or (b) are otherwise regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, even if not included in that measure of segment profit or loss. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 25 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-25 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 22 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 30 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30 + Details
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