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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2016
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The following stock-based compensation amounts were recognized for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
Research and development
 
$
1,396
  
$
810
 
General and administrative
  
1,605
   
821
 
Total stock-based compensation expense
 
$
3,001
  
$
1,631
 

Valuation Assumptions Using the Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions in the following table:

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2016
 
2015
Expected dividend yield
0%
 
0%
Expected volatility
 64 %
 
74 %
Risk-free interest rate
1.5% - 2.1%
 
1.6% - 2.0%
Expected term
6.25 years
 
6.25 years

Stock Option Activity
The following table summarizes stock option and restricted stock unit (RSU) activity during the three months ended March 31, 2016:

  
Shares
  
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
  
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(Years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
 
Outstanding, December 31, 2015
  
4,146,064
  
$
16.90
   
7.4
   
Granted
  
110,125
   
14.42
       
Exercised
  
(190,867
)
  
1.18
       
Forfeited or expired
  
(46,598
)
  
29.07
       
Outstanding, March 31, 2016
  
4,018,724
   
17.44
   
7.4
  
$
27,049
 
As of March 31, 2016:
                
Exercisable
  
1,984,117
   
9.50
   
5.9
   
22,670
 
Vested and expected to vest
  
3,782,077
   
17.06
   
7.3
   
26,382