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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of the Company's Deferred Income Tax Assets (Liabilities)
The significant components of the Company's deferred income tax assets (liabilities) were as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Deferred income tax assets:
Federal U.S. net operating loss carryforward$136,086 $116,436 
State net operating loss carryforward37,465 31,110 
Research and development credit, net50,271 35,580 
Orphan drug credit, net23,409 22,881 
Operating lease liabilities8,048 8,413 
Deferred revenue3,132 367 
Other14,285 9,123 
Gross deferred income tax assets272,696 223,910 
Valuation allowance(263,403)(214,893)
Net deferred income tax assets9,293 9,017 
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Depreciation(2,123)(438)
Operating lease ROU assets(5,316)(5,547)
Prepaid expenditures(1,854)(3,032)
Gross deferred income tax liabilities(9,293)(9,017)
Net deferred income tax asset/(liability)$— $— 
Reconciliation of Reported Estimated Income Tax Benefit
The reconciliation of the reported estimated income tax benefit to the amount that would result by applying the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the net income is as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
United States federal tax at statutory rate$(27,245)$(31,880)$(36,005)
State taxes (net of federal benefit)(8,100)(9,524)(11,133)
Deferred income tax adjustments344 2,004 (4,435)
Research credit, net(14,691)(5,830)(8,466)
Orphan drug credit, net(528)(301)(872)
Other permanent items1,156 1,206 148 
Equity-based compensation554 1,889 758 
Change in valuation allowance48,510 42,436 60,005 
Income tax expense/(benefit)$— $— $— 
Reconciliation of the Beginning and Ending Amount of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Beginning balance$4,950 $4,318 $3,395 
Increases for current year tax positions839 637 642 
Increases/(decreases) for prior year tax positions337 (5)281 
Ending balance$6,126 $4,950 $4,318