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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The following stock-based compensation expense was recognized for the periods indicated (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020
Research and development$2,727 $2,434 
Selling, general and administrative2,559 2,057 
Total stock-based compensation expense$5,286 $4,491 
Valuation Assumptions Using the Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions in the following table for options issued during the period indicated:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020
Expected dividend yield0%0%
Expected volatility
86.4% -86.7%
67.3% - 69.5%
Risk-free interest rate
0.6% - 1.4%
0.6% - 1.8%
Expected term6.25 years6.25 years
Stock Option and Restricted Stock Unit Activity
The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2021:
SharesWeighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 (in thousands)
Outstanding, December 31, 20207,258,353 $21.48 6.8
Granted1,555,796 19.52 
Exercised(144,249)17.59 
Forfeited or expired(66,463)17.98 
Outstanding, March 31, 20218,603,437 21.21 7.2$91,820 
As of March 31, 2021:
Exercisable4,825,295 22.96 5.743,209 
Vested and expected to vest8,167,732 21.32 7.186,309 
Schedule of RSU Activity
The following table summarizes RSU activity during the three months ended March 31, 2021:
Shares
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2020209,250 $15.92 
Granted— — 
Exercised— — 
Forfeited or expired(5,150)15.32 
Outstanding, March 31, 2021204,100 15.93