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Segments
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments Segments
As a single reportable segment entity, the Company’s segment performance measure is consolidated net loss. Asset information is not used by the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to allocate resources. Certain significant segment expenses below loss from operations are presented in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and are therefore not presented below. Additional disaggregated significant segment expenses on a functional basis, that are not separately presented on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, are presented below (in thousands):
Three months ended
March 31,
20262025
Personnel expenses excluding stock-based compensation$6,249 $5,783 
Stock-based compensation2,824 1,968 
Direct external program expenses:
ALTO-1001,764 1,124 
ALTO-3001,507 922 
ALTO-1015,356 969 
ALTO-2036 737 
ALTO-2074,143 — 
Other research and development (a)
1,198 1,129 
General and administrative (b)
4,091 3,044 
Loss from operations$27,138 $15,676 
(a) Other research and development expenses primarily consists of license fees, facility charges, third party consultant costs, early research costs related to other product candidates, and other unallocated costs.
(b) General and administrative costs include professional fees, insurance, consultant fees and facility charges.