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Warrants | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Warrants [Abstract] |
Warrants | 11. Warrants In connection with the March 16, 2015 private placement of 1,575,758 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price per share of $8.25, the Company issued warrants (Series March 2015) to purchase an aggregate of 393,939 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $10.75 per share to the purchasers of the common stock. In addition, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 94,545 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $10.75 per share to the placement agents as a cost of issuing the common stock. These warrants expire in March 2020 and provided for a contingent cash payment of $2.5 million in liquidated damages to the holders of the warrants in the event the Company failed to either (i) increase the number of shares of common stock the Company is authorized to issue or (ii) effect a reverse split of the common stock, in either event sufficient to permit the exercise in full of the Warrants in accordance with their terms. Due to these provisions, the Company accounted for these warrants as liability instruments prior to the third quarter of 2015, after these conditions were met. The Company measured the fair value of these warrants on March 16, 2015 and recorded an initial warrant liability of $4,210,000, of which $3,396,000 represented the initial fair value of the warrants issued to investors and $814,000 as the initial fair value of the warrants issued to the placement agents. The Company recorded other expenses of $213,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015 representing a portion of the initial fair value of warrants issued to the placement agents attributable to the initial fair value of the warrants issued. In connection with the December 2013 private placement of 1,440,140 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price per share of $12.50, the Company issued warrants (Series December 2013) to purchase an aggregate of 86,408 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $12.50 per share to the placement agents. These warrants, which expire December 2018, contain specified anti-dilution adjustment provisions for certain financing transactions involving the issuance of securities below a specified price and contain net settlement provisions. Due to these provisions, the Company accounted for these warrants as liability instruments. As a result of the March 16, 2015 private placement of common stock at a price of $8.25 per share, the anti-dilution adjustment provisions of these warrants resulted in an adjustment to their exercise price to $8.25 as of March 16, 2015. In connection with the private placement of Series B, which occurred through two closings on June 26, 2013 and July 15, 2013, the Company issued warrants (Series June 2013 and Series July 2013, respectively) to purchase an aggregate of 600,805 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $7.00 per share. These warrants, which expire in June 2018 and in July 2018, respectively, contain anti-dilution adjustment provisions and contain net settlement provisions. Due to these provisions, the Company accounts for these warrants as liability instruments. The Company measured the fair value of these warrants on June 26, 2013 and July 15, 2013 and recorded initial warrant liabilities of $4,285,000 and $674,000, respectively, as part of the private placement proceeds and expensed $759,000 for warrants issued to the placement agent. In January 2011, we completed the acquisition of Biocontrol Limited, an antimicrobial biotechnology company based in the United Kingdom, with the goal of developing their phage therapy programs using funding from the sale of our legacy gene therapy assets. On December 22, 2011, in connection with our acquisition of Biocontrol, the Company issued warrants (Series 2011) to purchase up to 27,103 shares of its common stock. These warrants expire in December 2016 and are exercisable at a price of $23.00 per share. As the terms of these warrants require that they be settled in registered shares of common stock, the Company accounts for these warrants as liability instruments. The Company estimates the fair values of all warrants accounted for as liability instruments using a Monte Carlo valuation model. From February through May 2013, in connection with the issuance of new convertible promissory notes, the Company issued warrants (Series 2013 Convertible Notes Warrants) to purchase up to 140,608 shares of its common stock. These warrants expire February through May 2018 and are exercisable at a price of $7.00 per share. The Company classifies these warrants as equity instruments. On April 1, 2015, 52,120 warrants, issued on June 26, 2013, were exercised, resulting in the issuance of 52,120 shares of common stock and $630,000 being reclassified from the warrant liability account and into stockholders’ equity, based on the fair value of the warrants on the exercise date. On April 29, 2015, 4,52 5 warrants, issued on June 26, 2013, were exercised, resulting in the issuance of 4,52 5 shares of common stock and $46,000 was reclassified from the warrant liability account and into stockholders’ equity, based on the fair value of the warrants on the exercise date. On May 8, 2015, the Company, upon approval of more than two-thirds of the holders of the 2013 warrants issued on June 26, 2013, July 15, 2013 and December 23, 2013, amended these warrants to remove certain anti-dilution adjustment provisions. As a result of this amendment, all outstanding warrants from those issuance dates were reclassified as equity instruments resulting in the reclassification of $5,462,000 from the warrant liability to stockholders’ equity, reflecting the fair value of these warrants on the amendment date. On August 3, 2015, the stockholders of the Company approved a 1-for-50 reverse stock split of the Company’s common stock and increased the number of authorized shares of common stock to 670,000,000. As a result, the warrants issued in conjunction with the March 2015 private placement of common stock were reclassified from liability instruments to equity instruments. Accordingly, $3,281,000 was reclassified from warrant liability to stockholders’ equity, reflecting the fair value of these warrants on the effective date of the reverse split, and the accrued fair value of liquidated damages in the amount of $120,000 was recorded as other income within the caption “Other expense” on the Company’s statement of operations. The Company re-measured the fair value of the warrant liability and recorded a gain of $610,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015, reflecting a decrease in the liability associated with the warrants at their estimated fair value, which totaled $6,000 as of December 31, 2015. All exercise prices and share amounts of warrants are after giving consideration to the 1-for-50 reverse split of the Company’s common stock which was effective August 7, 2015. The following table provides a summary of warrants outstanding, issued or exercised for the year ended December 31, 2015. Also included is the average exercise price per share and the aggregate proceeds to the Company if exercised as of December 31, 2015.
|  | Series
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | June 2013 and July 2013 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | March 2015 |  | Series B Warrants |  | December 2013 |  | 2013 Convertible Notes |  | 2011 |  | Totals
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Weighted
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Average
|  |  |  |  | Exercise |  |  |  |  | Exercise |  |  |  |  | Exercise |  |  |  |  | Exercise |  |  |  |  | Exercise |  |  |  |  | Exercise
|  | Shares |  | Price |  | Shares |  | Price |  | Shares |  | Price |  | Shares |  | Price |  | Shares |  | Price |  | Shares |  | Price
Balance, December 31, 2014 |  |  | - |  | $ | - |  |  | 523,691 |  | $ | 7.00 |  |  | 86,408 |  | $ | 12.50 |  |  | 140,608 |  | $ | 7.00 |  |  | 27,103 |  | $ | 23.00 |  |  | 777,810 |  | $ | 8.00
Issuances |  |  | 488,484 |  |  | 10.75 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 488,484 |  |  | 10.75
Exercises |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (56,645) |  |  | 7.00 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (56,645) |  |  | 7.00
Balance, December 31, 2015 |  |  | 488,484 |  | $ | 10.75 |  |  | 467,046 |  | $ | 7.00 |  |  | 86,408 |  | $ | 8.25 |  |  | 140,608 |  | $ | 7.00 |  |  | 27,103 |  | $ | 23.00 |  |  | 1,209,649 |  | $ | 8.96
Aggregate proceeds if exercised |  | $ | 5,251,203 |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,269,322 |  |  |  |  | $ | 712,866 |  |  |  |  | $ | 984,254 |  |  |  |  | $ | 623,369 |  |  |  |  | $ | 10,838,453 |  |  |

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