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Note 15 - Share-based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Notes to Financial Statements  
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]
1
5
. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
 
Stock Option Plans
 
At
September 30, 2020,
the Company had
two
equity incentive plans. The
2005
Equity Incentive Plan (
“2005
Equity Plan”) was terminated with respect to new grants in
March 2015,
but remains in effect for grants issued prior to that time. The Amended and Restated
2015
Equity Incentive Plan (
“2015
Equity Plan”) was approved by the Company's Board of Directors on
December 6, 2016
and by the Company's stockholders on
March 14, 2017.
The amendment to the Equity Incentive Plan, approved in
2015,
authorizes for issuance as stock options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and performance awards, an aggregate of
5,000,000
new shares of common stock to employees, directors, advisors or consultants. At
September 30, 2020,
there were options and restricted stock units outstanding covering
140,000
and
2,822,319
shares of common stock under the
2005
Equity Plan and
2015
Equity Plan, respectively, and
604,355
shares of common stock available for grant for a total of
3,566,674
currently available under the
two
equity plans.
 
Share-Based Compensation
 
The Company's employee stock options have various restrictions that reduce option value, including vesting provisions and restrictions on transfer and hedging, among others, and are often exercised prior to their contractual maturity.
 
There were
no
options granted during the year ended
September 30, 2019.
The weighted average estimated fair value of employee stock options granted during the year ended
September 
30,
2020
was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions (annualized percentages):
 
Volatility
   
44.5
%
Risk Free Interest Rate
   
1.40
%
Forfeiture rate
   
10.0
%
Dividend Yield
   
0.0
%
Espected life in years
   
5.35
 
 
The Company did
not
pay a dividend in fiscal
2020
or in fiscal
2019.
Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company's common stock over the period commensurate with the expected life of the options. The risk-free interest rate is based on rates published by the Federal Reserve Board. The contractual term of the options was
seven
years. The expected life is based on observed and expected time to post-vesting exercise. The expected forfeiture rate is based on past experience and employee retention data. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of the grant and revised in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Such revision adjustments to expense will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period in which the estimate is changed.
 
As of
September 
30,
2020,
there was approximately
$651
of total unrecognized compensation costs related to outstanding stock options and restricted stock units. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
1.63
years. To the extent the forfeiture rate is different from what the Company anticipated, stock-based compensation related to these awards will be different from the Company's expectations.
 
Performance-Based Stock Options
 
On
August 1, 2016,
the Company awarded a performance-based stock option (PVO) to purchase
750,000
shares of the Company's common stock to a key executive, with a contractual term of
seven
years. At the grant date, there were
375,000
performance-based stock options assigned to performance criteria within each of fiscal
2019
and
2020.
Vesting is based upon the achievement of certain performance criteria for each of fiscal
2019
and
2020
including a minimum free cash flow margin and net revenue targets. Additionally, vesting is subject to the executive being employed by the Company at the time the Company achieves such financial targets. As of
September 30, 2019,
187,500
of the options related to the
2019
performance criteria vested. The Company recorded a total of
$151
in stock-based compensation expense for these options.
 
This agreement was modified in
October 2019,
and
93,750
of the unvested options initially allocated to the performance criteria for
2019
were assigned to fiscal
2020.
The Company determined that certain performance conditions related to the
2020
performance criteria were achieved and recorded
$268
of stock-based compensation expense in the year ended
September 30, 2020
related to these options. The total stock-based compensation related to the
2020
performance criteria was
$308.
 
On
October 4, 2019,
the Company awarded a performance-based stock option (PVO) to purchase
800,000
shares of the Company's common stock to a key executive, with a contractual term of
seven
years. Vesting is based upon the achievement of certain performance criteria for each of fiscal
2022
and
2023
including a minimum free cash flow margin and net revenue targets. Additionally, vesting is subject to the executive being employed by the Company at the time the Company achieves such financial targets. The Company has
not
recorded stock-based compensation expense related to these options.
 
Restricted
Stock
Units
 
During fiscal
2018,
the Board of Directors granted
93,330
restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to employees that will vest equally over
three
years on each of the
first
three
anniversary dates of the grant. These were issued at a market value of
$210,
which will be expensed on a straight line basis over the
three
-year life of the grants.
 
On
February 7, 2019,
the Board of Directors approved non-employee director compensation to include an annual grant of
30,000
RSUs to each of the Company's
five
non-employee directors that will vest on the
first
anniversary of the grant date. These were issued at a market value of
$413,
were expensed on a straight-line basis through the
March 12, 2020
vest date. Also, during fiscal
2019,
99,300
RSUs were granted to employees that will vest equally over
three
years on each of the
first
three
anniversary dates of the grant. These were issued at a market value of
$248,
which have and will be expensed on a straight line basis over the
three
year life of the grants.
 
On
March 10, 2020,
each non-employee member of the Board of Directors received a grant of
30,000
RSUs that will vest on the
first
anniversary of the grant date. These were issued at a market value of
$425,
which have and will be expensed on a straight-line basis through the
March 10, 2021
vest date. There were also
81,270
RSUs granted to employees during the year ended
September 30, 2020,
that will vest over
three
years on the anniversary date of the grant. These were issued at a market value of
$258,
which have and will be expensed on a straight-line basis over the
three
-year life of the grants.
 
Compensation expense for RSUs was
$584
for the year ended
September 30, 2020.
Compensation expense for RSUs was
$471
for the year ended
September 30, 2019.
 
Restricted Stock Unit
Summary Information
 
A summary of restricted stock units of the Company as
September 30, 2020
is presented below:
 
   
Number of Shares
   
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
 
Outstanding September 30, 2019
   
274,849
    $
2.59
 
Granted
   
231,270
    $
2.95
 
Released
   
(198,106
)   $
2.66
 
Forfeited/cancelled
   
(4,999
)   $
2.58
 
Outstanding September 30, 2020
   
303,014
    $
2.82
 
 
Stock Option Summary Information
 
A summary of the activity in options to purchase the capital stock of the Company as of
September 
30,
2020
is presented below:
 
   
Number of Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding September 30, 2019
   
2,219,268
    $
1.94
 
Granted
   
1,133,727
    $
3.39
 
Forfeited/expired
   
(110,671
)   $
2.11
 
Exercised
   
(583,019
)   $
1.95
 
Outstanding September 30, 2020
   
2,659,305
    $
2.56
 
Exerciseable September 30, 2020
   
1,110,789
    $
2.03
 
 
The aggregate intrinsic value for options outstanding and options exercisable at
September 
30,
2020
was
$9,551
and
$4,575,
respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the Company's closing stock price on the last day of trading during the year, which was
$6.15
per share, and the exercise price multiplied by the number of applicable options. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the year ended
September 30, 2020
was
$2,578
and proceeds from these exercises was
$1,136.
The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the year ended
September 30, 2019
was
$638
and cash received from these exercises was
$757.
The Company recognized
$1,442
and
$638
as a tax benefit in the income tax provision for the years ended
September 30, 2020
and
2019,
respectively.
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at
September 
30,
2020:
 
       
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
   
Weighted Average
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
Range of
 
Number
   
Remaining
   
Exercise
   
Number
   
Exercise
 
Exercise Prices
 
Outstanding
   
Contractual Life
   
Price
   
Exercisable
   
Price
 
$1.31
-
$1.86
   
376,828
     
2.90
    $
1.66
     
347,358
    $
1.66
 
$1.99
-
$1.99
   
1,031,250
     
3.39
    $
1.99
     
562,500
    $
1.99
 
$2.02
-
$3.17
   
117,500
     
1.04
    $
2.36
     
117,500
    $
2.36
 
$3.39
-
$3.39
   
800,000
     
6.12
    $
3.39
     
-
    $
-
 
$3.40
-
$3.40
   
333,727
     
6.00
    $
3.40
     
83,431
    $
3.40
 
 
 
 
   
2,659,305
     
4.36
    $
2.56
     
1,110,789
    $
2.03
 
 
The Company recorded
$396
and
$264
of stock option compensation expense for employees, directors and consultants for the years ended
September 30, 2020,
and
2019,
respectively.
 
The amounts of share-based compensation expense for restricted stock units and stock options are classified in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows:
 
   
Year ended
 
   
September 30
 
   
2020
   
2019
 
Cost of revenues
  $
20
    $
16
 
Selling, general and administrative
   
939
     
665
 
Research and development
   
21
     
54
 
    $
980
    $
735